agathosma betulina leaf oil

gc1006501
Essential Oil 487 components

References

M. A. Posthumus, T. A. van Beek, N. F. Collins and E. H. Graven, Chemical composition of the essential oils of Agathosma betulina, A. crenulata and an A. betulina x crenulata hybrid (buchu), J. Essent, Oil Res., 8, 223-228 (1996).
P&F 23, No. 4, 37, (1998)
M. A. Posthumus, T. A. van Beek, N. F. Collins and E. H. Graven, Chemical composition of the essential oils of Agathosma betulina, A. crenulata and an A. betulina x crenulata hybrid (buchu), J. Essent, Oil Res., 8, 223-228 (1996).
P&F 23, No. 4, 37, (1998)
A. Il. Idrissi, J. Bellakhbar, S. Canigueral, J. Iglesias and R. Vila, Composition de L'huile essentielle de la citronelle (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf.) acclimatee et Maroc. Plant. Medicin Phytother., 26, 274-277 (1993).
P&F 23, No. 4, 37, (1998)
P&F 19, No. 6, 57, (1994)
P&F 23, No. 3, 63, (1998)
J. Pino, A. R.sado and V. Fluentes, Chemical composition of the essential oil of Mentha puiegium L. from Cuba. J. Essent. Oil. Res., 8, 295-296 (1996).
P&F 23, No. 3, 63, (1998)
P&F 23, No. 3, 63, (1998)
Kubeczka (1993) compared the chemical compositions of peppermint oil produced from two different regions in the United States with the composition of an oil noted as Mitcham oil (origin unknown). His results are shown in Table VI.
P&F 22, No. 4, 57, (1997)
Reverchon et al. (1994) compared the composition of a supercritical CO2 extract (SFE) of peppermint under two separate sets of conditions with a sample of peppermint oil produced by hydrodistillation.
P&F 22, No. 4, 57, (1997)
D. Karasawa, S. Shatar, A. Erdenechimeg, Y. Okamoto, H. Tateha and S, Shimizu, A study on Mongolian mints. A new chemotype from Mentha asiatia Borriss and constituents of M. arvensis L. and M. piperita L. J. Essent. Oil. Res., 7, 255-260 (1995).
P&F 22, No. 4, 57, (1997)
E. B. Kirichenko, L-D. Ky and V. A. Mel’nikov, Essential oil composition of some Vietnanese mint varieties. Byull. GI, Bot. sada, 154, 56-69 (1989).
P&F 22, No. 4, 57, (1997)
P&F 23, No. 6, 53, (1998)
P&F 26, No. 3, 66, (2001)
A. Sattar, M. Shafiq Malik and S. A. Khan, Essential oils of the species of Labiatae. part IV. Composition of the essential oil of Thymus serpyllum. Pak. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 34(4), 119-120 (1991).
P&F 23, No. 3, 63, (1998)

Top 20 Components

All Components (487)

# Component %
33 (E)-2-acetoxyisomenthone 0.230%
34 (E)-2-acetoxymenthone 0.210%
26 carvone trace
8 1,8-cineole 4.430%
11 para-cymene 0.160%
20 (E)-dihydrocarvone 0.120%
19 (Z)-dihydrocarvone 0.210%
30 diosphenol 22.300%
27 4-diosphenol 18.580%
35 1-hydroxy-4-diosphenol 0.670%
36 4-hydroxydiosphenol 0.400%
24 (E)-2-hydroxymenthone 0.460%
29 (Z)-2-hydroxymenthone 0.370%
28 8-hydroxymenthone 0.120%
6 limonene 11.640%
15 linalool 0.500%
13 menthone 9.820%
14 isomenthone 19.910%
31 (E)-8-mercapto-para-menthan-3-one ((E)-3-oxo-para-menthan-8-thiol) 0.530%
32 (Z)-8-mercapto-para-menthan-3-one ((Z)-3-oxo-para-menthan-8-thiol) 2.330%
4 myrcene 0.610%
10 (E)-beta-ocimene 0.250%
7 beta-phellandrene 0.080%
1 alpha-pinene 0.370%
2 beta-pinene 0.290%
25 piperitone 0.060%
21 pulegone 0.940%
16 (E)-isopulegone 0.540%
17 (Z)-isopulegone 0.400%
3 sabinene 0.150%
18 terpinen-4-ol 0.900%
5 alpha-terpinene 0.130%
9 gamma-terpinene 0.340%
23 alpha-terpineol 0.280%
22 delta-terpineol 0.230%
12 terpinolene 0.090%
31 (E)-alpha-bergamotene 0.100%
24 trans-carveol 0.400%
32 caryophyllene oxide 0.200%
5 1,8-cineole 1.000%
21 citronellol 0.500%
30 ar-curcumene 0.100%
14 (Z)-dihydrocarvone trace
33 10-epi-gamma-eudesmol 0.100%
28 alpha-fenchol 0.100%
18 geranial 39.800%
26 geranic acid 1.400%
25 geraniol 3.300%
20 geranyl acetate 0.700%
23 geranyl isobutyrate 0.200%
4 limonene 0.200%
10 linalool 1.300%
8 (E)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.100%
7 (Z)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.200%
12 menthone 0.200%
17 methyl geranate 0.600%
6 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one 2.200%
2 myrcene 0.800%
13 myrtenyl acetate 0.300%
16 neral 32.000%
27 neric acid 0.100%
19 neryl acetate 0.500%
11 octanal trace
9 3-octanol trace
1 alpha-pinene 0.400%
29 isopulegol 0.300%
15 pulegone 0.900%
3 alpha-terpinene 0.100%
22 2-undecanone 0.400%
1 acetic acid 0.020%
40 carvone 0.050%
49 caryophyllene oxide 0.290%
16 1,8-cineole 0.250%
35 citronellol 0.100%
29 para-cymen-8-ol 0.030%
14 para-cymene 0.020%
42 decanol 0.030%
4 (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol 0.030%
36 (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl 3-methyl butyrate 0.280%
11 (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate 0.040%
37 hexyl 3-methyl butyrate 0.030%
15 limonene 0.390%
20 linalool 0.030%
46 para-menth-8-ene-1,2-diol 0.030%
27 menthol 74.510%
28 isomenthol 0.050%
30 neomenthol 0.120%
24 menthone 8.300%
26 isomenthone 4.590%
44 menthyl acetate 6.110%
38 isomenthyl acetate 0.230%
45 neomenthyl acetate 0.120%
43 neoisomenthyl acetate 0.160%
2 3-methyl butanol 0.080%
21 3-methyl butyl 3-methyl butyrate 0.030%
6 3-methyl cyclohexanol trace
7 3-methyl cyclohexanone trace
13 methyl octyl ether 0.020%
3 3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one 0.020%
33 myrtenal + myrtenol 0.040%
48 nerolidol 0.020%
25 nonanol 0.090%
19 3-nonanol 0.040%
17 octanol 0.060%
10 3-octanol 0.960%
32 octyl acetate 0.110%
22 3-octyl acetate 0.040%
12 alpha-phellandrene 0.020%
5 alpha-pinene 0.150%
9 beta-pinene + 3-octanone 0.240%
41 piperitone 0.450%
39 pulegone 0.130%
8 sabinene 0.060%
18 sabinene hydrate 0.020%
47 terpin hydrate 0.060%
31 alpha-terpineol 0.070%
23 beta-terpineol 0.010%
34 verbenone 0.030%
13 beta-bourbonene trace
19 beta-caryophyllene 0.600%
26 germacrene D + alpha-terpineol 0.200%
7 (E)-2-hexenal trace
24 alpha-humulene 1.100%
6 limonene 1.000%
15 linalool trace
25 isomenthol trace
20 neomenthol 0.400%
22 neoisomenthol trace
11 menthone 2.300%
12 isomenthone 0.800%
14 neomenthyl acetate trace
8 5-methyl-3-heptanone 0.500%
5 myrcene trace
10 3-octanol 0.700%
9 octyl acetate trace
1 alpha-pinene 0.400%
3 beta-pinene 0.300%
29 piperitenone 1.800%
28 isopiperitenone trace
27 piperitone + delta-cadinene trace
16 isopulegol trace
23 pulegone 86.700%
17 (E)-isopulegone 1.200%
18 (Z)-isopulegone 0.600%
4 sabinene trace
21 terpinen-4-ol trace
2 alpha-thujene trace
27 beta-bourbonene 0.100%
30 delta-cadinene 0.180%
25 alpha-calacorene 0.090%
28 beta-caryophyllene 2.490%
31 caryophyllene oxide 1.040%
6 para-cymene 0.080%
26 beta-damascenone 0.390%
33 hexadecanoic acid 6.780%
29 alpha-humulene 0.270%
7 limonene 1.130%
9 linalool 0.770%
15 menthol 0.160%
16 isomenthol 0.300%
13 neomenthol 1.860%
14 neoisomenthol 20.680%
10 menthone 6.290%
11 isomenthone 9.730%
20 isomenthyl acetate 0.140%
23 neomenthyl acetate 0.280%
22 neoisomenthyl acetate 6.240%
5 myrcene 0.060%
8 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.110%
4 3-octanol 0.410%
1 alpha-pinene 0.350%
3 beta-pinene 0.380%
24 piperitenone 2.390%
19 piperitone 1.020%
18 pulegone 25.140%
2 sabinene 0.110%
17 alpha-terpineol 0.290%
32 tetradecanoic acid 0.560%
21 thymol 3.030%
12 umbellulone 0.740%
13 carvone 0.20-2.20
10 beta-caryophyllene 0.90-1.40
5 1,8-cineole trace-0.10
4 limonene 0.200%
11 menthol 0.50-3.60
9 neomenthol 1.60-4.20
7 menthone 4.20-5.60
8 isomenthone 35.60-40.60
6 3-octanol 0.20-1.50
3 alpha-phellandrene trace
1 alpha-pinene trace-0.40
2 beta-pinene trace
12 pulegone 26.8-41.10
2 camphene 0.010%
22 beta-caryophyllene 2.240%
8 1,8-cineole + beta-phellandrene 7.020%
12 para-cymene 0.240%
27 germacrene D 1.270%
7 limonene 2.440%
19 linalool 0.310%
17 menthofuran 2.480%
24 menthol 38.010%
21 neomenthol 3.250%
16 menthone 23.140%
18 isomenthone 3.080%
20 menthyl acetate 3.690%
5 myrcene 0.330%
9 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.410%
11 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.110%
14 3-octanol 0.300%
1 alpha-pinene 1.340%
3 beta-pinene 1.650%
28 piperitone 0.460%
23 iso(iso)pulegol 0.780%
25 pulegone 1.380%
4 sabinene 0.770%
15 (E)-sabinene hydrate 1.140%
6 alpha-terpinene 0.430%
10 gamma-terpinene 0.680%
26 alpha-terpineol 0.150%
13 terpinolene 0.180%
29 viridiflorol 0.150%
18 bornyl acetate 0.200%
22 beta-bourbonene 0.700%
29 gamma-cadinene 5.000%
33 T-cadinol 0.600%
31 (E)-calamenene 0.400%
24 beta-caryophyllene 4.300%
32 caryophyllene oxide 0.200%
6 1,8-cineole 3.600%
21 alpha-cubebene trace
5 decane 0.100%
13 dihydrocarveol 0.200%
23 beta-elemene 0.900%
30 gamma-elemene 0.400%
27 beta-farnesene 0.600%
25 beta-gurjunene 0.200%
26 alpha-humulene trace
16 linalyl acetate 0.600%
8 para-menth-2-en-1-ol 0.400%
11 menthol 23.800%
12 isomenthol 0.200%
9 menthone 36.100%
10 isomenthone 7.500%
19 menthyl acetate 11.700%
20 isomenthyl acetate 0.200%
17 neomenthyl acetate 0.200%
28 gamma-muurolene trace
3 myrcene 0.200%
7 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.200%
4 3-octanol 0.100%
1 alpha-pinene 0.200%
2 beta-pinene 0.500%
15 piperitone 0.600%
14 pulegone 0.300%
29 borneol 0.050%
16 beta-bourbonene + benzaldehyde 0.310%
33 delta-cadinene 0.160%
17 camphor 0.420%
32 carvone 0.160%
3 1,8-cineole 2.470%
4 para-cymene 0.220%
34 geraniol 0.050%
30 germacrene D 0.050%
13 (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl isovalerate 0.060%
27 alpha-humulene 0.180%
35 (Z)-jasmone 0.040%
2 limonene 0.380%
18 linalool 0.280%
10 (Z)-linalool oxide furanoid trace
14 menthofuran 0.070%
25 menthol 35.070%
21 neomenthol 3.740%
24 neoisomenthol 0.390%
11 menthone 32.220%
15 isomenthone 5.430%
20 menthyl acetate 9.390%
5 2-methyl butyl 2-methyl butyrate 0.070%
6 2-methyl butyl isovalerate 0.080%
36 (Z)-nerolidol 0.060%
8 3-octanol 0.210%
9 1-octen-3-ol 0.300%
7 3-octyl acetate 0.070%
1 beta-pinene 0.040%
31 piperitone 1.320%
26 pulegone 0.220%
23 rosefuran oxide 0.050%
12 (E)-sabinene hydrate trace
19 (Z)-sabinene hydrate 0.240%
22 terpinen-4-ol 0.070%
28 alpha-terpineol 0.060%
37 viridiflorol 0.090%
4 1,8-cineole 0.170%
3 limonene 0.680%
10 menthol 44.460%
9 neomenthol 2.000%
6 menthone 16.770%
7 isomenthone 23.450%
8 menthyl acetate 3.750%
1 alpha-pinene 0.800%
2 beta-pinene 0.690%
12 piperitone + piperitenone 1.080%
11 pulegone 0.990%
5 (E)-sabinene hydrate 2.290%
26 (E)-amyl cinnamic alcohol 0.610%
17 (Z)-gamma-bisabolene 0.770%
18 delta-cadinene 0.070%
6 camphor 0.370%
14 beta-caryophyllene 0.220%
29 curcuphenol 8.180%
2 para-cymene 0.010%
9 2-decanone 0.720%
13 2-dodecanone 2.430%
19 elemol 1.440%
25 alpha-eudesmol 0.420%
24 beta-eudesmol 0.560%
23 gamma-eudesmol 0.330%
7 geijerene 1.640%
31 hexadecanoic acid 5.680%
30 2-hexadecanone 0.360%
15 alpha-humulene 0.030%
3 limonene 0.160%
1 myrcene 0.010%
20 (E)-nerolidol 0.260%
5 2-nonanone 0.620%
4 (E)-beta-ocimene 0.020%
32 isophytol 2.380%
11 pregeijerene 0.520%
10 pulegone 0.100%
8 terpinen-4-ol 0.080%
28 tetradecanoic acid 0.290%
27 tetradecanol 0.060%
21 2-tetradecanone 0.200%
22 tridecanoic acid 0.070%
16 2-tridecanone 3.720%
12 2-undecanone 48.670%
21 borneol 3.810%
2 camphene 2.480%
15 camphor 10.360%
22 carvone 0.210%
18 beta-caryophyllene 5.510%
23 caryophyllene oxide 0.960%
7 1,8-cineole 1.810%
10 para-cymene 0.350%
17 alpha-fenchyl acetate 2.240%
20 alpha-humulene 9.720%
24 humulene oxide I 2.210%
6 limonene 1.690%
16 linalool 0.260%
28 manool 14.740%
14 menthone 0.110%
27 methyl (Z)-9-hexadecenoate 0.060%
26 methyl palmitate 0.260%
29 methyl stearate 0.110%
8 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.190%
4 alpha-phellandrene 1.160%
1 alpha-pinene 0.810%
3 beta-pinene 0.960%
19 pulegone 0.860%
5 alpha-terpinene 0.120%
9 gamma-terpinene 0.290%
11 terpinolene 0.220%
12 alpha-thujone 12.950%
13 beta-thujone 10.890%
25 viridiflorol 13.460%
29 methyl (E)-9-octadecenoate 0.110%
21 borneol 3.810%
2 camphene 2.480%
15 camphor 10.360%
22 carvone 0.210%
18 beta-caryophyllene 5.510%
23 caryophyllene oxide 0.960%
7 1,8-cineole 1.810%
10 para-cymene 0.350%
17 alpha-fenchyl acetate 2.240%
20 alpha-humulene 9.720%
24 humulene oxide I 2.210%
6 limonene 1.690%
16 linalool 0.260%
28 manool 14.740%
14 menthone 0.110%
27 methyl (Z)-9-hexadecenoate 0.060%
26 methyl hexadecanoate 0.260%
8 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.190%
4 alpha-phellandrene 1.160%
1 alpha-pinene 0.810%
3 beta-pinene 0.960%
19 pulegone 0.860%
5 alpha-terpinene 0.120%
9 gamma-terpinene 0.290%
11 terpinolene 0.220%
12 alpha-thujone 12.950%
13 beta-thujone 10.890%
25 viridiflorol 13.460%
21 beta-bourbonene trace
22 isocaryophyllene trace
23 germacrene D trace
7 limonene 3.400%
14 isomenthone 4.300%
13 menthone 32.000%
4 myrcene 0.300%
8 (Z)-beta-ocimene trace
11 octanol trace
5 3-octanol 0.700%
1 alpha-pinene 0.700%
3 beta-pinene 0.600%
19 piperitenone 7.000%
20 piperitenone oxide 1.000%
18 piperitone 7.300%
17 pulegone 41.000%
15 isopulegone 0.700%
2 sabinene 0.200%
10 (Z)-sabinene hydrate trace
16 terpinen-4-ol 0.500%
6 alpha-terpinene trace
9 gamma-terpinene trace
12 terpinolene trace
30 beta-bourbonene trace
36 delta-cadinene 0.600%
35 gamma-cadinene 0.200%
42 alpha-cadinol 0.100%
40 T-cadinol trace
5 camphene trace
32 beta-caryophyllene 3.600%
13 1,8-cineole 0.100%
29 alpha-copaene 0.300%
11 para-cymene trace
17 para-cymenene trace
31 alpha-gurjunene trace
1 (E)-2-hexenal trace
2 (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol 0.100%
33 alpha-humulene 1.300%
12 limonene 1.000%
18 linalool 0.500%
19 para-menth-3-en-8-ol 40.000%
15 para-mentha-3,8-diene 5.200%
20 menthofuran 0.100%
34 gamma-muurolene 0.600%
41 T-muurolol 0.100%
8 myrcene trace
23 myrtenal 0.200%
27 neral 0.100%
37 (E)-nerolidol 0.200%
28 neryl acetate trace
9 alpha-phellandrene trace
4 alpha-pinene 0.400%
7 beta-pinene 0.500%
26 piperitenone 0.700%
25 pulegone 35.300%
21 isopulegone 0.600%
6 sabinene 0.200%
38 spathulenol 0.500%
22 terpinen-4-ol 0.100%
10 alpha-terpinene trace
14 gamma-terpinene trace
24 alpha-terpineol 0.100%
16 terpinolene 0.900%
3 alpha-thujene 0.100%
39 viridiflorol trace
24 borneol 3.130%
3 camphene 0.200%
16 camphor 3.540%
6 delta-3-carene 0.960%
28 carvacrol 8.150%
18 beta-caryophyllene 2.190%
10 1,8-cineole 0.160%
15 citronellal 0.170%
12 para-cymene 9.540%
2 fenchene 0.140%
19 alpha-fenchol 0.910%
25 geranial 0.350%
26 geraniol 0.350%
9 limonene 0.850%
17 linalool 0.500%
21 neral 0.100%
14 nonanal 0.170%
13 octanal 0.110%
7 alpha-phellandrene 0.880%
1 alpha-pinene 0.270%
4 beta-pinene 0.510%
20 pulegone 0.210%
5 sabinene 0.560%
23 terpinen-4-ol 2.900%
8 alpha-terpinene 0.670%
11 gamma-terpinene 1.660%
27 thymol 42.630%
22 undecanal 0.230%