acorus calamus leaf oil
References
M. X. Li and Z-B. Jiang, The volatile constituents of the essential oil and their distribution in Acorus calamus L. Zhongcaoyo, 24, 459-461 (1993).
M. X. Li and Z-B. Jiang, The volatile constituents of the essential oil and their distribution in Acorus calamus L. Zhongcaoyo, 24, 459-461 (1993).
M. X. Li and Z-B. Jiang, The volatile constituents of the essential oil and their distribution in Acorus calamus L. Zhongcaoyo, 24, 459-461 (1993).
O. Motl, J. Hodacova and K. Ubik, Composition of Vietnamese cajuput essential oil. Flav. Fragr. J., 5, 39-42 (1990).
In 1997, Jayaprakasha et al. analyzed two oils of the fruit of C. zeylanicum by GC and GC/MS. Although the oils were produced from fruit harvested in two different locations in India, Karnataka and Kerala, the oil compositions were similar as can be seen from the following analytical results:
G. K. Jayaprakasha, L. Jaganmohan Rao and K. K. Sakariah, Chemical composition of the folatile oil from the fruits of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. Flav. Fragr. J., 12, 331-333 (1997)
Bernhard et al. (1983) analyzed an oil of S. molle fruit produced by the Likens-Nickerson apparatus using GC/MS. They found that the oil contained the following components:
R. A. Bernhard, T. Shibamoto, K. Yamaguchi and E. White, The volatile constituents of Schinus molle L. J. Agric. Food Chem., 31, 463-466 (1983).
Top 20 Components
All Components (442)
| # | Component | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | acolamone | 1.610% | |
| 36 | isoacolamone | 3.620% | |
| 28 | acoragermacrone | 4.090% | |
| 39 | (1,10)-aristolen-2-one | 6.570% | |
| 34 | beta-bisabolene | 0.210% | |
| 10 | borneol | 0.110% | |
| 14 | bornyl acetate | 0.250% | |
| 17 | beta-bourbonene | 0.050% | |
| 29 | delta-cadinene | 4.070% | |
| 31 | alpha-calacorene | 0.300% | |
| 42 | isocalamendiol | 0.580% | |
| 41 | calamenene | 0.100% | |
| 40 | calamusenone | 0.720% | |
| 9 | camphor | 0.080% | |
| 20 | beta-caryophyllene | 4.130% | |
| 16 | alpha-copaene | 0.040% | |
| 23 | beta-cubebene | 0.320% | |
| 35 | isoepi-cubenol | 1.810% | |
| 4 | para-cymene | 0.040% | |
| 43 | dibutyl phthalate | 0.400% | |
| 18 | beta-elemene | 0.790% | |
| 15 | delta-elemene | 0.210% | |
| 32 | elemol | 0.730% | |
| 27 | beta-guaiene | 0.800% | |
| 24 | beta-gurjurene | 0.960% | |
| 21 | alpha-humulene | 0.070% | |
| 5 | limonene | 2.610% | |
| 8 | linalool | 3.100% | |
| 13 | linalyl acetate | 0.110% | |
| 47 | linoleic acid | 0.020% | |
| 3 | para-mentha-2,4(8)-diene | 0.070% | |
| 48 | methyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate | 0.040% | |
| 19 | methyl eugenol | 0.860% | |
| 26 | (E)-methyl isoeugenol | 3.370% | |
| 22 | (Z)-methyl isoeugenol | 36.400% | |
| 37 | alpha-muurolol | 2.600% | |
| 38 | epi-alpha-muurolol | 3.170% | |
| 2 | myrcene | 0.090% | |
| 45 | 1-octadecene | 0.040% | |
| 44 | palmitic acid | 0.060% | |
| 46 | phytol | 0.110% | |
| 1 | sabinene | 0.210% | |
| 25 | shyobunone | 3.190% | |
| 33 | isoshyobunone | 0.640% | |
| 11 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.210% | |
| 7 | alpha-terpinene | 0.040% | |
| 6 | gamma-terpinene | 0.050% | |
| 12 | alpha-terpineol | 0.310% | |
| 49 | tricosane | 0.100% | |
| 19 | acolamone | 3.090% | |
| 25 | isoacolamone | 3.250% | |
| 17 | acoragermacrone | 7.380% | |
| 33 | acorenone | 0.240% | |
| 26 | beta-asarone | 2.850% | |
| 3 | borneol | 0.110% | |
| 35 | cadala-1,4,9-triene | 2.460% | |
| 18 | delta-cadinene | 3.720% | |
| 20 | alpha-calacorene | 1.300% | |
| 23 | beta-calacorene | 0.300% | |
| 37 | calamendiol | 0.860% | |
| 36 | isocalamendiol | 8.370% | |
| 31 | calamenene | 14.700% | |
| 38 | calamenone | 0.600% | |
| 30 | calamusenone | 0.730% | |
| 2 | camphor | 0.240% | |
| 9 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.330% | |
| 6 | alpha-copaene | 0.070% | |
| 12 | beta-cubebene | 0.140% | |
| 32 | 1,4-dihydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-2,3-naphthalene dione | 0.230% | |
| 7 | beta-elemene | 0.480% | |
| 21 | elemol | 0.600% | |
| 16 | beta-guaiene | 0.900% | |
| 13 | beta-gurjunene | 0.120% | |
| 10 | beta-gurjurene | 0.310% | |
| 29 | 8-hydroxy-delta-cadinene | 2.480% | |
| 34 | 8-hydroxy-gamma-cadinene | 0.800% | |
| 1 | linalool | 0.210% | |
| 8 | methyl eugenol | 0.580% | |
| 15 | (E)-methyl isoeugenol | 0.290% | |
| 11 | (Z)-methyl isoeugenol | 17.700% | |
| 27 | alpha-muurolol | 1.180% | |
| 28 | epi-alpha-muurolol | 1.700% | |
| 14 | shyobunone | 5.030% | |
| 24 | epi-shyobunone | 0.820% | |
| 22 | isoshyobunone | 0.080% | |
| 4 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.220% | |
| 5 | alpha-terpineol | 0.140% | |
| 26 | acolamone | 0.330% | |
| 19 | acoradiene | 0.350% | |
| 24 | acoragermacrone | 0.500% | |
| 36 | acorenone | 1.090% | |
| 30 | beta-asarone | 1.680% | |
| 3 | borneol | 0.040% | |
| 6 | bornyl acetate | 0.040% | |
| 37 | cadala-1,4,9-triene | 0.640% | |
| 25 | beta-cadinene | 1.570% | |
| 12 | delta-cadinene | 0.440% | |
| 13 | gamma-cadinene | 2.110% | |
| 27 | alpha-calacorene | 0.680% | |
| 29 | preisocalamendiol | 0.910% | |
| 34 | calamenene | 3.150% | |
| 39 | calamenone | 9.620% | |
| 2 | camphor | 0.030% | |
| 14 | cascarilladiene | 1.430% | |
| 10 | alpha-cedrene | 0.610% | |
| 9 | alpha-copaene | 0.050% | |
| 20 | ar-curcumene | 0.740% | |
| 42 | 7-desmethyl-2-methoxycadalene | 0.090% | |
| 40 | dibutyl phthalate | 0.150% | |
| 35 | 1,4-dihydro-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-2,3-naphthalene dione | 0.590% | |
| 33 | 1,6-dimethyl-4-isopropyl naphthalene | 0.450% | |
| 11 | beta-elemene | 0.290% | |
| 22 | (E,E)-alpha-farnesene | 0.300% | |
| 16 | (E)-beta-farnesene | 1.120% | |
| 21 | beta-guaiene | 0.110% | |
| 15 | beta-gurjurene | 7.660% | |
| 1 | linalool | 0.240% | |
| 17 | (Z)-methyl isoeugenol | 2.850% | |
| 23 | alpha-muurolene | 0.960% | |
| 31 | alpha-muurolol | 0.690% | |
| 32 | epi-alpha-muurolol | 0.240% | |
| 41 | palmitic acid | 0.050% | |
| 38 | 2-isoproponyl-6-isopropyl methyl-3-vinyl cyclohexanol | 0.350% | |
| 8 | alpha-sabinene | 0.010% | |
| 28 | epi-shyobunone | 18.700% | |
| 4 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.080% | |
| 5 | alpha-terpineol | 0.050% | |
| 7 | 3,3,7,9-tetramethyl tricyclo(5.4.0.0)undecene | 0.130% | |
| 18 | 2,6,10,10-tetramethyl tricyclo(7.2.0.0)undecene | 0.160% | |
| 21 | aromadendrene | trace | |
| 27 | bicyclogermacrene | 14.500% | |
| 33 | bisabolene endoperoxide | 0.900% | |
| 39 | alpha-bisabolol | 7.000% | |
| 42 | alpha-bisabolol oxide | 1.700% | |
| 22 | isoborneol | 0.100% | |
| 30 | delta-cadinene | trace | |
| 44 | alpha-cadinol | 0.500% | |
| 32 | calamenene | 0.200% | |
| 2 | camphene | trace | |
| 18 | camphor | trace | |
| 43 | carvacrol | 0.900% | |
| 34 | caryophyllene oxide | 0.300% | |
| 37 | cedrol | 1.000% | |
| 7 | 1,8-cineole | 0.200% | |
| 17 | alpha-copaene | 0.400% | |
| 31 | ar-curcumene | 0.200% | |
| 11 | para-cymene | 0.100% | |
| 28 | (E,E)-alpha-farnesene | 5.000% | |
| 24 | (E)-beta-farnesene | 1.500% | |
| 29 | geranyl acetate | 0.100% | |
| 26 | germacrene D | 8.000% | |
| 40 | globulol | 1.000% | |
| 23 | beta-guaiene | 0.400% | |
| 14 | (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl isovalerate | 0.200% | |
| 25 | alpha-humulene | 1.400% | |
| 6 | limonene | 3.000% | |
| 35 | methyl eugenol | 3.700% | |
| 45 | T-muurolol | 0.400% | |
| 5 | myrcene | 11.200% | |
| 20 | myrtenal | 0.400% | |
| 36 | (E)-nerolidol | 0.800% | |
| 8 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | 2.400% | |
| 13 | allo-ocimene | 0.100% | |
| 10 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 5.400% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 2.600% | |
| 3 | beta-pinene | 19.000% | |
| 4 | sabinene | 0.300% | |
| 41 | spathulenol | 0.900% | |
| 19 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.900% | |
| 9 | gamma-terpinene | 0.400% | |
| 12 | terpinolene | trace | |
| 15 | alpha-thujone | trace | |
| 16 | beta-thujone | trace | |
| 38 | viridiflorol | 0.900% | |
| 38 | acenaphthalene | 0.400% | |
| 24 | bicyclogermacrene | 0.700% | |
| 33 | alpha-bisabolol | 1.000% | |
| 26 | delta-cadinene | trace | |
| 37 | alpha-cadinol | 0.900% | |
| 2 | camphene | trace | |
| 16 | camphor | trace | |
| 8 | 1,8-cineole | 0.100% | |
| 27 | ar-curcumene | trace | |
| 30 | 1H-cyclobutano(de)naphthalene | 0.100% | |
| 12 | para-cymene | 0.400% | |
| 39 | 1,2-dihydroacenaphthlene | 77.300% | |
| 28 | 1,4-dimethyl naphthalene | 0.500% | |
| 25 | geranyl acetate | 0.100% | |
| 23 | germacrene D | 0.300% | |
| 34 | globulol | 0.200% | |
| 20 | beta-guaiene | trace | |
| 15 | (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl isovalerate | trace | |
| 21 | alpha-humulene | 0.100% | |
| 40 | 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenone | 0.100% | |
| 7 | limonene | 1.000% | |
| 17 | linalool | trace | |
| 29 | methyl eugenol | trace | |
| 5 | myrcene | 0.200% | |
| 19 | myrtenal | trace | |
| 31 | (E)-nerolidol | 0.300% | |
| 9 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | 5.500% | |
| 14 | allo-ocimene | trace | |
| 11 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 1.300% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 0.800% | |
| 3 | beta-pinene | 3.600% | |
| 4 | sabinene | 0.100% | |
| 35 | spathulenol | 1.000% | |
| 18 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.100% | |
| 6 | alpha-terpinene | 0.100% | |
| 10 | gamma-terpinene | 3.200% | |
| 22 | alpha-terpineol | 0.200% | |
| 13 | terpinolene | trace | |
| 36 | thymol | 0.800% | |
| 32 | viridiflorol | 0.200% | |
| 49 | bulnesol | trace | |
| 37 | cadina-1,4-diene | 0.400% | |
| 35 | delta-cadinene | trace | |
| 34 | gamma-cadinene | trace | |
| 47 | alpha-cadinol | trace | |
| 44 | T-cadinol | trace | |
| 38 | calamenene | trace | |
| 2 | camphene | trace | |
| 5 | delta-3-carene | trace | |
| 23 | beta-caryophyllene | 2.500% | |
| 41 | caryophyllene oxide | 0.300% | |
| 10 | 1,8-cineole | 41.100% | |
| 20 | alpha-copaene | trace | |
| 27 | gamma-curcumene | 0.500% | |
| 15 | para-cymene | 6.800% | |
| 17 | para-cymenene | 0.200% | |
| 22 | beta-elemene | 0.300% | |
| 18 | delta-elemene | trace | |
| 25 | gamma-elemene | trace | |
| 42 | elemol | trace | |
| 48 | beta-eudesmol | 0.700% | |
| 45 | gamma-eudesmol | 0.600% | |
| 31 | alpha-farnesene | 0.300% | |
| 39 | geraniol | 0.400% | |
| 29 | beta-guaiene | 0.300% | |
| 43 | guaiol | 1.200% | |
| 28 | alpha-humulene | 1.600% | |
| 9 | limonene | 4.100% | |
| 21 | linalool | 3.600% | |
| 40 | alpha-maaliene | trace | |
| 46 | alpha-muurolol | trace | |
| 6 | myrcene | 0.100% | |
| 14 | (E)-beta-ocimene | trace | |
| 12 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | trace | |
| 7 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.500% | |
| 11 | beta-phellandrene | 0.200% | |
| 36 | beta-sesquiphellandrene | trace | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 3.200% | |
| 3 | beta-pinene | 0.800% | |
| 4 | sabinene | trace | |
| 33 | alpha-selinene | 1.500% | |
| 32 | beta-selinene | 1.500% | |
| 24 | terpinen-4-ol | 1.500% | |
| 8 | alpha-terpinene | 0.600% | |
| 13 | gamma-terpinene | 4.600% | |
| 30 | alpha-terpineol | 8.700% | |
| 16 | terpinolene | 5.900% | |
| 26 | thujopsene | trace | |
| 19 | alpha-ylangene | 0.300% | |
| 13 | borneol | 1.230% | |
| 17 | bornyl acetate | 7.150% | |
| 36 | cadin-10(15)-4-ol | 1.700% | |
| 27 | delta-cadinene | 2.760% | |
| 28 | gamma-cadinene | 0.530% | |
| 20 | beta-cadrene | 4.710% | |
| 30 | calamenene | 0.410% | |
| 2 | camphene | 0.230% | |
| 38 | caryophylla-3,8(13)-dien-5alpha-ol | 0.650% | |
| 18 | (Z)-caryophyllene | 1.650% | |
| 19 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.280% | |
| 32 | cedrol | 0.930% | |
| 25 | beta-cubebene | 0.480% | |
| 9 | para-cymene | 0.820% | |
| 21 | alpha-elemene | 1.470% | |
| 29 | gamma-elemene | 0.390% | |
| 31 | elemol | 14.780% | |
| 34 | alpha-eudesmol | 5.390% | |
| 35 | beta-eudesmol | 6.540% | |
| 33 | gamma-eudesmol | 8.280% | |
| 10 | alpha-fenchol | 2.090% | |
| 24 | beta-guaiene | 0.300% | |
| 6 | limonene | 3.050% | |
| 12 | longicyclene | 0.410% | |
| 37 | longicyclenyl aclohol | 0.730% | |
| 15 | longifolene | 0.720% | |
| 11 | alpha-longipinene | 0.370% | |
| 26 | alpha-muurolene | 3.810% | |
| 22 | gamma-muurolene | 5.710% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 1.010% | |
| 4 | beta-pinene | 2.770% | |
| 3 | sabinene | 1.610% | |
| 5 | alpha-terpinene | 1.110% | |
| 7 | gamma-terpinene | 1.770% | |
| 14 | alpha-terpineol | 1.110% | |
| 8 | terpinolene | 1.000% | |
| 23 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 9.090% | |
| 16 | verbenone | 0.890% | |
| 32 | benzyl benzoate | 2.7-2.8 | |
| 8 | borneol | 0.3-0.4 | |
| 21 | delta-cadinene | 2.3-3.0 | |
| 20 | gamma-cadinene | 1.2-1.6 | |
| 31 | alpha-cadinol | 1.0-1.5 | |
| 30 | T-cadinol | 2.7-3.4 | |
| 15 | beta-caryophyllene | 9.2-13.7 | |
| 24 | caryophyllene oxide | 0.9-1.1 | |
| 10 | (E)-cinnamaldehyde | 0.6-4.3 | |
| 7 | (Z)-cinnamaldehyde | 0.2-0.3 | |
| 16 | (E)-cinnamyl acetate | 42.4-54.2 | |
| 11 | (E)-cinnamyl alcohol | 2.0-2.2 | |
| 14 | alpha-copaene | 1.8-3.1 | |
| 29 | cubenol | 0.5-0.8 | |
| 27 | 10-epi-gamma-eudesmol | 0.4-0.5 | |
| 12 | eugenol | 0.2-0.3 | |
| 19 | germacrene B | 1.7-2.0 | |
| 18 | germacrene D | 0.7-0.8 | |
| 26 | germacrene D-4-ol | 0.300% | |
| 25 | globulol | 0.5-0.6 | |
| 22 | beta-guaiene | 0.400% | |
| 17 | alpha-humulene | 2.8-3.1 | |
| 34 | methyl oleate | 0.0-0.3 | |
| 33 | methyl palmitate | 0.0-0.3 | |
| 28 | alpha-muurolol | 0.300% | |
| 3 | myrcene | 0.0-0.2 | |
| 23 | nerolidol | 0.2-0.4 | |
| 6 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 0.2-0.5 | |
| 4 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.1-0.7 | |
| 5 | beta-phellandrene | 0.4-1.6 | |
| 13 | 3-phenyl propyl acetate | 2.9-4.3 | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 0.1-1.6 | |
| 2 | beta-pinene | 0.1-0.6 | |
| 9 | alpha-terpineol | 0.300% | |
| 21 | delta-cadinene | 1.710% | |
| 31 | alpha-cadinol | trace | |
| 27 | T-cadinol | 4.700% | |
| 23 | calamenene | 0.930% | |
| 2 | camphene | trace | |
| 16 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.470% | |
| 14 | alpha-copaene | 0.020% | |
| 13 | alpha-cubebene | 0.010% | |
| 10 | para-cymene | 0.590% | |
| 15 | beta-elemene | 0.010% | |
| 18 | gamma-elemene | trace | |
| 24 | elemol | 13.250% | |
| 30 | alpha-eudesmol | trace | |
| 26 | gamma-eudesmol | 3.240% | |
| 20 | germacrene D | 5.210% | |
| 22 | beta-guaiene | trace | |
| 19 | alpha-humulene | 0.390% | |
| 8 | limonene | 9.270% | |
| 12 | methyl octanoate | trace | |
| 29 | alpha-muurolol | trace | |
| 28 | T-muurolol | trace | |
| 5 | myrcene | trace | |
| 25 | neryl hexanoate | 2.940% | |
| 6 | alpha-phellandrene | 30.240% | |
| 9 | beta-phellandrene | 9.630% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 1.460% | |
| 3 | beta-pinene | 0.100% | |
| 4 | sabinene | 0.670% | |
| 17 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.030% | |
| 7 | alpha-terpinene | 0.020% | |
| 11 | terpinolene | 0.200% | |
| 12 | delta-cadinene | 9.110% | |
| 32 | cadinol | 6.640% | |
| 27 | T-cadinol | 1.390% | |
| 23 | alpha-calacorene | 0.260% | |
| 16 | gamma-calacorene | 0.150% | |
| 14 | calamenene | 0.280% | |
| 8 | beta-caryophyllene | 2.020% | |
| 21 | alpha-copaene | 0.120% | |
| 20 | alpha-cubebene | 0.130% | |
| 17 | para-cymene | 2.930% | |
| 7 | beta-elemene | 0.520% | |
| 24 | elemol | 1.320% | |
| 30 | alpha-eudesmol | 0.900% | |
| 31 | beta-eudesmol | 1.010% | |
| 26 | gamma-eudesmol | 1.040% | |
| 15 | geranyl butyrate | 0.340% | |
| 13 | beta-guaiene | 0.220% | |
| 22 | alpha-gurjunene | 0.710% | |
| 9 | alpha-humulene | 0.580% | |
| 5 | limonene | 7.230% | |
| 19 | methyl octanoate | 0.950% | |
| 11 | alpha-muurolene | 1.480% | |
| 10 | gamma-muurolene | 0.480% | |
| 29 | alpha-muurolol | 0.690% | |
| 28 | T-muurolol | 2.320% | |
| 3 | myrcene | 20.410% | |
| 25 | neryl hexanoate | 0.280% | |
| 4 | alpha-phellandrene | 17.340% | |
| 6 | beta-phellandrene | 6.210% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 2.660% | |
| 2 | beta-pinene | 0.170% | |
| 18 | terpinolene | 0.100% | |
| 1 | acetic acid | 0.370% | |
| 17 | benzoic acid | 0.010% | |
| 41 | (E)-alpha-bergamotol | 0.720% | |
| 42 | (Z)-alpha-bergamotol | 0.340% | |
| 18 | borneol | 0.470% | |
| 23 | bornyl acetate | 36.070% | |
| 36 | delta-cadinene | 0.240% | |
| 10 | isocamphane | 0.020% | |
| 5 | camphene | 2.810% | |
| 11 | delta-3-carene | 0.030% | |
| 25 | trans-carvone oxide | 0.020% | |
| 24 | cis-carvone oxide | 0.140% | |
| 31 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.650% | |
| 13 | 1,8-cineole | 0.020% | |
| 21 | cumic acid | 0.190% | |
| 8 | para-cymene | 0.020% | |
| 29 | beta-elemene | 0.070% | |
| 27 | delta-elemene | 0.080% | |
| 37 | elemol | 0.530% | |
| 12 | 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene | 0.010% | |
| 44 | eugenyl acetate | 2.450% | |
| 35 | germacrene | 0.660% | |
| 40 | globulol | 2.240% | |
| 34 | guaiene | 0.230% | |
| 32 | beta-gurjunene | 0.210% | |
| 33 | alpha-humulene | 0.310% | |
| 9 | limonene | 0.260% | |
| 15 | linalool | 0.020% | |
| 22 | methyl chavocol | 0.120% | |
| 20 | myrtenol | 0.020% | |
| 43 | nootkatone | 26.560% | |
| 4 | alpha-pinene | 0.600% | |
| 7 | beta-pinene | 0.590% | |
| 6 | sabinene | 0.030% | |
| 16 | sabinene hydrate | 0.010% | |
| 26 | sabinyl acetate | 3.030% | |
| 38 | sabinyl valerate | 0.730% | |
| 39 | spathulenol | 1.840% | |
| 19 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.130% | |
| 14 | terpinolene | 0.020% | |
| 28 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 0.620% | |
| 30 | thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether | 0.420% | |
| 3 | tricyclene | 0.030% | |
| 2 | isovaleric acid | 0.210% |