carrot seed oil
References
J. Bellakhdar, A.IL. Idrissi, S. Canigueral, J. Iglesias and R.Vila, Analysis de L'huile essentielle dela verveine odorante (Lippia citriodora H, B, and K). Plant. Medicin Phytother., 26, 269-273 (1993).
Also in 1995, Stepen compared the composition of Pinus syIvestris oil produced in Siberia from needles harvested in July and September. He found that the oil varied as follows:
R. A. Stepen, The composition of essential oil and volatile terpenoids of Pinus sylvestris L. shoots in middle siberia. Rast. Resur., 31, 63-70 (1995).
A. Orav, T. Kalias and M. Liiv, Analysis of terpenoic composition of conifer needle oils by steam distillation/extraction gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chromatographia, 43, 215-219 (1996).
Top 20 Components
All Components (409)
| # | Component | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36 | (E)-anethole | 0.080% | |
| 21 | (E)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.730% | |
| 20 | (Z)-alpha-bergamotene | 1.080% | |
| 38 | beta-bisabolene | 0.230% | |
| 43 | alpha-bisabolol | 0.210% | |
| 42 | 3-butyl phthalide | 0.270% | |
| 2 | camphene | 0.440% | |
| 39 | carotol | 5.680% | |
| 35 | carvomenthone | 0.230% | |
| 15 | beta-caryophyllene | 3.560% | |
| 37 | caryophyllene oxide | 1.090% | |
| 40 | cedrene oxide | 0.290% | |
| 14 | alpha-copaene | 0.170% | |
| 10 | para-cymene | 0.410% | |
| 13 | daucene | 0.390% | |
| 41 | daucol | 0.140% | |
| 18 | alpha-farnesene | 0.420% | |
| 23 | beta-farnesene | 0.600% | |
| 31 | geranial | 0.890% | |
| 32 | geranyl acetate | 34.170% | |
| 30 | alpha-humulene | 1.130% | |
| 7 | limonene | 0.480% | |
| 12 | linalool | 0.110% | |
| 19 | longifolene | 1.240% | |
| 25 | para-mentha-1,3-dien-7-ol | 0.180% | |
| 5 | myrcene | 1.870% | |
| 29 | neral | 0.530% | |
| 33 | nerol | 1.010% | |
| 8 | (E)-alpha-ocimene | 1.920% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 9.090% | |
| 3 | beta-pinene | 4.490% | |
| 4 | sabinene | 9.440% | |
| 34 | sabinene hydrate | 0.140% | |
| 17 | alpha-santalene | 0.400% | |
| 22 | beta-santalene | 0.670% | |
| 44 | sedanenolide | 0.130% | |
| 45 | sedanolide (3-butyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalide) | 0.400% | |
| 28 | alpha-selinene | 0.440% | |
| 27 | beta-selinene | 0.230% | |
| 16 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.310% | |
| 6 | alpha-terpinene | 0.960% | |
| 9 | gamma-terpinene | 0.360% | |
| 24 | alpha-terpineol | 1.650% | |
| 11 | terpinolene | 0.280% | |
| 26 | verbenol | 2.340% | |
| 35 | atlantone | 0.800% | |
| 38 | (E)-alpha-atlantone | 2.800% | |
| 34 | (E)-gamma-atlantone | 0.600% | |
| 37 | (Z)-alpha-atlantone | 0.300% | |
| 36 | (Z)-beta-atlantone | 0.600% | |
| 33 | (Z)-gamma-atlantone | 0.400% | |
| 22 | (Z)-alpha-bisabolene | 0.400% | |
| 27 | alpha-calacorene | >0.10 | |
| 1 | camphene | >0.10 | |
| 14 | camphor | >0.10 | |
| 3 | delta-3-carene | >0.10 | |
| 17 | alpha-cedrene | 0.200% | |
| 21 | chamigrene | 1.400% | |
| 7 | para-cymene | >0.10 | |
| 24 | alpha-dehydro-ar-himachalene | 0.800% | |
| 26 | gamma-dehydro-ar-himachalene | 1.400% | |
| 28 | oxidohimachalene | 0.600% | |
| 9 | fenchone | >0.10 | |
| 32 | guaiazulene | 0.100% | |
| 10 | alpha-gurjunene | >0.10 | |
| 13 | beta-gurjunene | >0.10 | |
| 18 | alpha-himachalene | 14.200% | |
| 20 | beta-himachalene | 31.300% | |
| 19 | gamma-himachalene | 6.900% | |
| 30 | himachalene oxide | 0.500% | |
| 29 | beta-himachalene oxide | 2.200% | |
| 5 | limonene | >0.10 | |
| 31 | longiborneol | 0.800% | |
| 16 | longifolene | 0.500% | |
| 11 | alpha-longipinene | 0.100% | |
| 39 | manool | 5.600% | |
| 2 | 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one | >0.10 | |
| 23 | occidentalol acetate | 0.800% | |
| 15 | sativene | 0.100% | |
| 4 | alpha-terpinene | >0.10 | |
| 6 | gamma-terpinene | >0.10 | |
| 8 | terpinolene | >0.10 | |
| 25 | beta-vetivenene | 0.400% | |
| 12 | alpha-ylangene | >0.10 | |
| 13 | borneol | 1.230% | |
| 17 | bornyl acetate | 7.150% | |
| 36 | cadin-10(15)-4-ol | 1.700% | |
| 27 | delta-cadinene | 2.760% | |
| 28 | gamma-cadinene | 0.530% | |
| 20 | beta-cadrene | 4.710% | |
| 30 | calamenene | 0.410% | |
| 2 | camphene | 0.230% | |
| 38 | caryophylla-3,8(13)-dien-5alpha-ol | 0.650% | |
| 18 | (Z)-caryophyllene | 1.650% | |
| 19 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.280% | |
| 32 | cedrol | 0.930% | |
| 25 | beta-cubebene | 0.480% | |
| 9 | para-cymene | 0.820% | |
| 21 | alpha-elemene | 1.470% | |
| 29 | gamma-elemene | 0.390% | |
| 31 | elemol | 14.780% | |
| 34 | alpha-eudesmol | 5.390% | |
| 35 | beta-eudesmol | 6.540% | |
| 33 | gamma-eudesmol | 8.280% | |
| 10 | alpha-fenchol | 2.090% | |
| 24 | beta-guaiene | 0.300% | |
| 6 | limonene | 3.050% | |
| 12 | longicyclene | 0.410% | |
| 37 | longicyclenyl aclohol | 0.730% | |
| 15 | longifolene | 0.720% | |
| 11 | alpha-longipinene | 0.370% | |
| 26 | alpha-muurolene | 3.810% | |
| 22 | gamma-muurolene | 5.710% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 1.010% | |
| 4 | beta-pinene | 2.770% | |
| 3 | sabinene | 1.610% | |
| 5 | alpha-terpinene | 1.110% | |
| 7 | gamma-terpinene | 1.770% | |
| 14 | alpha-terpineol | 1.110% | |
| 8 | terpinolene | 1.000% | |
| 23 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 9.090% | |
| 16 | verbenone | 0.890% | |
| 12 | borneol | 0.540% | |
| 17 | bornyl acetate | 0.650% | |
| 32 | cadin-1(10)-en-4alpha-ol | 1.180% | |
| 38 | cadin-1(10)-en-4beta-ol | 4.950% | |
| 27 | delta-cadinene | 3.820% | |
| 28 | gamma-cadinene | 2.120% | |
| 39 | alpha-cadinol | 5.280% | |
| 35 | T-cadinol | 5.880% | |
| 20 | beta-cadrene | 0.680% | |
| 29 | calamenene | 1.550% | |
| 2 | camphene | 0.500% | |
| 42 | caryophylla-3,8(13)-dien-5alpha-ol | 1.260% | |
| 18 | (Z)-caryophyllene | 0.550% | |
| 19 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.520% | |
| 30 | beta-caryophyllene alcohol | 2.610% | |
| 16 | copaene | 0.400% | |
| 8 | para-cymene | 0.530% | |
| 21 | alpha-elemene | 0.440% | |
| 9 | alpha-fenchol | 0.710% | |
| 25 | alpha-guaiene | 0.390% | |
| 22 | alpha-humulene | 0.390% | |
| 5 | limonene | 0.550% | |
| 40 | longi-alpha-nojigiku alcohol | 19.730% | |
| 33 | longi-beta-camphenilan aldehyde | 8.430% | |
| 11 | longicyclene | 0.650% | |
| 41 | longicyclenyl aclohol | 4.840% | |
| 14 | longifolene | 0.640% | |
| 36 | longiisohomocamphenilone | 2.150% | |
| 10 | alpha-longipinene | 0.480% | |
| 31 | longiverbanol | 1.270% | |
| 34 | longiverbanone | 6.230% | |
| 26 | alpha-muurolene | 1.710% | |
| 23 | gamma-muurolene | 0.840% | |
| 37 | T-muurolol | 4.530% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 0.730% | |
| 3 | beta-pinene | 0.610% | |
| 4 | alpha-terpinene | 0.410% | |
| 6 | gamma-terpinene | 0.450% | |
| 13 | alpha-terpineol | 3.530% | |
| 7 | terpinolene | 0.500% | |
| 24 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 0.790% | |
| 15 | verbenone | 2.440% | |
| 12 | borneol | 0.330% | |
| 17 | bornyl acetate | 0.400% | |
| 31 | cadin-1(10)-en-4alpha-ol | 0.970% | |
| 34 | cadin-1(10)-en-4beta-ol | 6.760% | |
| 27 | delta-cadinene | 10.820% | |
| 28 | gamma-cadinene | 12.470% | |
| 35 | alpha-cadinol | 20.510% | |
| 32 | T-cadinol | 10.610% | |
| 20 | beta-cadrene | 0.070% | |
| 29 | calamenene | 0.030% | |
| 2 | camphene | 0.180% | |
| 37 | caryophylla-3,8(13)-dien-5alpha-ol | 0.830% | |
| 18 | (Z)-caryophyllene | 0.120% | |
| 19 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.050% | |
| 30 | beta-caryophyllene alcohol | 1.490% | |
| 16 | copaene | 0.060% | |
| 8 | para-cymene | 0.220% | |
| 21 | alpha-elemene | 0.040% | |
| 9 | alpha-fenchol | 0.420% | |
| 25 | alpha-guaiene | 0.120% | |
| 22 | alpha-humulene | 0.030% | |
| 5 | limonene | 0.210% | |
| 11 | longicyclene | 0.050% | |
| 36 | longicyclenyl aclohol | 0.940% | |
| 14 | longifolene | 0.610% | |
| 10 | alpha-longipinene | 0.100% | |
| 26 | alpha-muurolene | 5.780% | |
| 23 | gamma-muurolene | 1.650% | |
| 33 | T-muurolol | 16.440% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 0.440% | |
| 3 | beta-pinene | 0.210% | |
| 4 | alpha-terpinene | 0.150% | |
| 6 | gamma-terpinene | 0.150% | |
| 13 | alpha-terpineol | 0.140% | |
| 7 | terpinolene | 0.190% | |
| 24 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 0.190% | |
| 15 | verbenone | 0.290% | |
| 46 | allo-aromadendrene | 0.500% | |
| 28 | bornyl butyrate | 0.400% | |
| 43 | beta-bourbonene | 0.800% | |
| 48 | delta-cadinene | 0.100% | |
| 50 | gamma-cadinene | 0.600% | |
| 59 | T-cadinol | 0.900% | |
| 41 | carvacrol | 0.100% | |
| 32 | trans-carveol | 0.400% | |
| 40 | carvone | 0.800% | |
| 45 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.400% | |
| 52 | isocaryophyllene | trace | |
| 55 | caryophyllene oxide | 5.500% | |
| 58 | isocaryophyllene oxide | 1.000% | |
| 53 | alpha-cedrene | 0.400% | |
| 14 | 1,8-cineole | 12.400% | |
| 42 | alpha-copaene | 0.600% | |
| 47 | beta-cubebene | 0.600% | |
| 51 | cuparene | trace | |
| 49 | ar-curcumene | 4.600% | |
| 7 | para-cymene | 0.200% | |
| 36 | fenchone | 0.600% | |
| 26 | geranial | 9.900% | |
| 35 | geranic acid | 0.700% | |
| 33 | geraniol | 0.500% | |
| 29 | geranyl acetate | 1.600% | |
| 30 | geranyl isobutyrate | 0.900% | |
| 31 | geranyl propionate | 0.300% | |
| 44 | alpha-gurjunene | 0.100% | |
| 13 | (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl butyrate | 0.400% | |
| 12 | hexyl 2-methyl butyrate | 0.300% | |
| 4 | limonene | 3.700% | |
| 19 | linalool | 1.300% | |
| 18 | (E)-linalool oxide furanoid | 0.100% | |
| 17 | (Z)-linalool oxide furanoid | trace | |
| 54 | longifolene | 0.200% | |
| 24 | methyl geranate | 0.700% | |
| 9 | 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one | 7.400% | |
| 56 | alpha-muurolol | 0.500% | |
| 37 | myrtenal | 0.200% | |
| 23 | neral | 6.900% | |
| 57 | nerolidol | 1.200% | |
| 27 | neryl acetate | 0.600% | |
| 10 | 3-octanol | 0.300% | |
| 11 | 1-octen-3-ol | 0.700% | |
| 5 | alpha-phellandrene | trace | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 1.400% | |
| 2 | beta-pinene | 0.300% | |
| 39 | trans-pinocarveol | 0.700% | |
| 21 | isopulegol | 0.700% | |
| 15 | rose oxide | trace | |
| 3 | sabinene | 0.200% | |
| 38 | (E)-sabinene hydrate | 0.600% | |
| 20 | (Z)-sabinene hydrate | 0.300% | |
| 60 | spathulenol | 5.200% | |
| 22 | terpinen-4-ol | 1.000% | |
| 6 | gamma-terpinene | 1.000% | |
| 25 | alpha-terpineol | 2.300% | |
| 8 | terpinolene | trace | |
| 16 | alpha-thujone | 0.300% | |
| 34 | thymol | 0.300% | |
| 61 | viridiflorol | 0.100% | |
| 5 | borneol | 0.100% | |
| 15 | beta-bourbonene | 0.800% | |
| 28 | alpha-bulnesene | 2.400% | |
| 47 | cadalene | 1.000% | |
| 29 | gamma-cadinene | 0.100% | |
| 32 | delta-cadinene | 2.600% | |
| 45 | alpha-cadinol | 0.200% | |
| 34 | alpha-calacorene | 0.300% | |
| 35 | beta-calacorene | 0.100% | |
| 31 | (Z)-calamenene | 0.200% | |
| 18 | beta-caryophyllene | 3.200% | |
| 38 | caryophyllene oxide | 14.700% | |
| 8 | citronellol | 25.600% | |
| 12 | citronellyl acetate | 0.100% | |
| 10 | citronellyl formate | 2.500% | |
| 14 | alpha-copaene | 0.200% | |
| 13 | alpha-cubebene | 0.100% | |
| 30 | cubebol | 0.600% | |
| 43 | cubenol | 0.600% | |
| 16 | beta-elemene | 0.700% | |
| 53 | ethyl hexadecanoate | 0.800% | |
| 20 | (Z)-beta-farnesene | 3.000% | |
| 49 | (Z,E)-farnesol | 0.400% | |
| 51 | (E,E)-farnesol | 0.200% | |
| 52 | (Z,E)-farnesyl acetate | 0.400% | |
| 9 | geraniol | 1.900% | |
| 36 | geranyl butyrate | 0.100% | |
| 23 | geranyl propionate | 0.300% | |
| 25 | germacrene D | 1.800% | |
| 39 | gleenol | 0.100% | |
| 19 | alpha-guaiene | 7.200% | |
| 27 | (Z)-beta-guaiene | 0.200% | |
| 21 | alpha-humulene | 0.700% | |
| 40 | humulene oxide II | 1.800% | |
| 46 | 14-hydroxy-9-epi-beta-caryophyllene | 0.500% | |
| 41 | (E)-sesquilavandulol | 0.400% | |
| 1 | linalool | 0.100% | |
| 17 | longifolene | 0.100% | |
| 4 | isomenthone | 0.300% | |
| 24 | gamma-muurolene | 0.100% | |
| 42 | epi-alpha-muurolol | 0.400% | |
| 50 | (E)-nerolidol acetate | 0.400% | |
| 48 | (Z)-nerolidyl acetate | 0.900% | |
| 22 | alpha-patchoulene | 0.600% | |
| 2 | (Z)-rose oxide | 5.500% | |
| 3 | (E)-rose oxide | 4.500% | |
| 44 | selin-11-en-4alpha-ol | 0.400% | |
| 26 | beta-selinene | 0.300% | |
| 37 | spathulenol | 2.000% | |
| 6 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.400% | |
| 7 | alpha-terpineol | 0.200% | |
| 11 | thymol | 0.100% | |
| 33 | unknown MW 218 | 3.600% | |
| 16 | beta-bisabolene | 0.2-1.2 | |
| 25 | borneol | 0.4-0.7 | |
| 24 | isoborneol | 1.8-2.2 | |
| 26 | bornyl acetate | 1.1-3.2 | |
| 4 | camphene | 5.3-7.0 | |
| 21 | camphor | 2.1-2.9 | |
| 7 | delta-3-carene | 3.4-11.6 | |
| 13 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.4-0.9 | |
| 20 | alpha-fenchol | 0.1-0.2 | |
| 18 | fenchone | 1.6-1.9 | |
| 19 | isofenchone | 0.500% | |
| 15 | alpha-humulene | 0.1-0.4 | |
| 8 | limonene | 6.1-8.7 | |
| 12 | longifolene | 0.3-0.9 | |
| 17 | alpha-muurolene | 0.3-1.4 | |
| 14 | epsilon-muurolene | 0.1-0.7 | |
| 6 | myrcene | 4.6-5.9 | |
| 9 | beta-phellandrene | 3.5-4.3 | |
| 3 | alpha-pinene | 29.2-36.6 | |
| 5 | beta-pinene | 2.2-4.2 | |
| 1 | santene | 1.8-3.4 | |
| 23 | terpinen-4-ol | 1.2-1.6 | |
| 10 | gamma-terpinene | 0.9-1.2 | |
| 22 | alpha-terpineol | 2.0-2.4 | |
| 11 | terpinolene | 0.1-0.2 | |
| 27 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 0.3-0.5 | |
| 2 | tricyclene | 1.6-3.1 | |
| 28 | bicyclogermacrene | 0.200% | |
| 15 | borneol | 0.300% | |
| 24 | bornyl acetate | 1.800% | |
| 41 | beta-bourbonene | 0.100% | |
| 38 | acadinene | 0.100% | |
| 36 | delta-cadinene | 4.800% | |
| 34 | gamma-cadinene | 1.200% | |
| 48 | alpha-cadinol | 2.700% | |
| 33 | calamenene | 0.200% | |
| 6 | camphene | 3.400% | |
| 13 | camphor | trace | |
| 16 | delta-3-carene | 23.700% | |
| 43 | beta-caryophyllene | 2.900% | |
| 42 | caryophyllene oxide | 4.900% | |
| 21 | citronellol | trace | |
| 35 | alpha-copaene | 0.100% | |
| 45 | beta-copaene | 0.100% | |
| 20 | para-cymene | 0.100% | |
| 39 | beta-elemene | 0.300% | |
| 31 | alpha-farnesene | 0.800% | |
| 40 | beta-farnesene | 0.200% | |
| 22 | geraniol | trace | |
| 32 | geranyl acetate + alpha-ylangene | trace | |
| 23 | alpha-guaiene | 0.100% | |
| 47 | alpha-humulene | 0.500% | |
| 5 | limonene | 0.800% | |
| 37 | longifolene | 0.100% | |
| 30 | alpha-muurolene | 2.800% | |
| 27 | gamma-muurolene | 2.000% | |
| 25 | epsilon-muurolene + beta-guaiene | 0.300% | |
| 46 | T-muurolol | 1.000% | |
| 44 | alpha-muurolol + T-cadinol | 0.700% | |
| 12 | myrcene | 2.100% | |
| 29 | neryl acetate + alpha-cubebene | trace | |
| 7 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 1.500% | |
| 14 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.200% | |
| 2 | beta-phellandrene + 1,8-cineole | 1.000% | |
| 4 | alpha-pinene | 28.100% | |
| 10 | beta-pinene | 2.100% | |
| 8 | sabinene | 1.000% | |
| 17 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.400% | |
| 18 | alpha-terpinene | 0.200% | |
| 9 | gamma-terpinene | 0.300% | |
| 19 | alpha-terpineol | 0.100% | |
| 11 | terpinolene | 2.600% | |
| 26 | alpha-terpinyl acetate + delta-elemene | 0.600% | |
| 3 | alpha-thujene | 0.200% | |
| 1 | tricyclene | 0.700% | |
| 13 | borneol | 0.100% | |
| 3 | camphene | 3.600% | |
| 7 | delta-3-carene | 1.100% | |
| 18 | beta-caryophyllene | 1.200% | |
| 16 | citronellol | 0.100% | |
| 9 | para-cymene | 0.200% | |
| 19 | germacrene D | 0.400% | |
| 10 | limonene + beta-phellandrene | 23.900% | |
| 17 | longifolene | 0.100% | |
| 15 | longipinene | 0.900% | |
| 6 | myrcene | 4.800% | |
| 2 | alpha-pinene | 40.300% | |
| 5 | beta-pinene | 15.700% | |
| 4 | sabinene | 0.200% | |
| 8 | alpha-terpinene | 0.200% | |
| 11 | gamma-terpinene | 0.200% | |
| 14 | alpha-terpineol | 0.400% | |
| 12 | terpinolene | 0.600% | |
| 1 | tricyclene | 0.700% |