boldea fragrans leaf oil italy
References
E. Miraldi, S. Ferri, G. G. Franchi and G. Giorgi, Peumus boldus essential oil: New constituents and comparison of oils from leaves of different origin. Fitoterapia, 67, 227-230 (1996).
G. Della Porta, E. Reverchon, D. Chouchi and D. Barth, Mandarin and lime peel oil processing by supercritical CO2 desorption : deterpenation and high molecular weight compound elimination. J. Essent. Oil Res., 9, 515-522 (1997).
P. Dugo, A. Cotroneo, I. Bonarcorsi and L. Mondello, On the genuineness of citrus essential oils Part LVII. The composition of distilled lime oil. Flav. Fragr. J., 13, 93-97 (1998).
H. Horster, C. Csedo and G. Racz, Gas chromatographic analysis of the volatile oil from juniper leaves (Juniperus communis L. ) harvsted in Romania, Orvosi Szemle. 20, 78-62 (1974); Revista Medicula, 20, 79-83 (1974).
T. S. Chamblee and B. C. Clark, Lemon and lime citrus essential oils. Analysis and organoleptic evaluation. In: Bioactive volatile compounds from plants. Edits., R. Teranishi, R. G. Buttery and H. Sugisawa, pp. 88-102, ACS Symp. Series No. 525, Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington (1993).
D. N. Leach, S. G. Wyllie, J. G. Hall and I. Kyratzis, Enantiomeric composition of the principal components of the oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. J. Agric. Food Sci., 41, 1627-1632 (1993).
E. Miraldi, S. Ferri, G. G. Franchi and G. Giorgi, Peumus boldus essential oil: New constituents and comparison of oils from leaves of different origin. Fitoterapia, 67, 227-230 (1996).
Top 20 Components
All Components (387)
| # | Component | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35 | ascaridole | 38.630% | |
| 5 | camphene | 0.380% | |
| 24 | camphor | 0.060% | |
| 9 | delta-3-carene | 0.250% | |
| 39 | carvacrol | 0.010% | |
| 40 | trans-carvyl acetate | 0.080% | |
| 10 | 1,4-cineole | 0.920% | |
| 14 | 1,8-cineole | 38.630% | |
| 33 | cuminaldehyde | 0.180% | |
| 12 | para-cymene | 9.510% | |
| 4 | alpha-fenchene | 0.020% | |
| 15 | fenchone | 0.010% | |
| 32 | alpha-fenchyl acetate | 0.060% | |
| 20 | alpha-fenchyl alcohol | 0.400% | |
| 34 | geraniol | 0.090% | |
| 1 | 2-heptanone | 0.060% | |
| 42 | ledol | 0.320% | |
| 13 | limonene | 0.070% | |
| 18 | linalool | trace | |
| 7 | myrcene | 0.020% | |
| 28 | myrtenal | trace | |
| 30 | myrtenol | 0.360% | |
| 31 | nerol | 0.070% | |
| 19 | 2-nonanol | trace | |
| 16 | 2-nonanone | 0.100% | |
| 8 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.040% | |
| 3 | alpha-pinene | 0.020% | |
| 22 | trans-pinocarveol | 1.200% | |
| 29 | sabinaketone | 0.780% | |
| 6 | sabinene | 0.040% | |
| 38 | sabinyl acetate | 4.280% | |
| 26 | terpinen-4-ol | 1.370% | |
| 17 | terpinen-4-yl acetate | 0.030% | |
| 11 | alpha-terpinene | 0.040% | |
| 27 | alpha-terpineol | 0.250% | |
| 25 | beta-terpineol | 0.130% | |
| 2 | alpha-thujene | 0.060% | |
| 21 | beta-thujone | trace | |
| 37 | thymol | 0.070% | |
| 41 | thymyl acetate | 0.030% | |
| 23 | (Z)-verbenol | trace | |
| 36 | cis-verbenyl acetate | 0.140% | |
| 36 | aromadendrene | 0.180% | |
| 35 | (E)-alpha-bergamotene | 1.910% | |
| 21 | borneol | 3.250% | |
| 5 | camphene | 0.370% | |
| 9 | delta-2-carene | 0.570% | |
| 34 | beta-caryophyllene | 1.460% | |
| 39 | beta-chamigrene | 0.400% | |
| 10 | 1,4-cineole | 3.360% | |
| 24 | para-cymen-8-ol | trace | |
| 11 | para-cymene | 3.070% | |
| 26 | dihydrocarveol | 2.800% | |
| 32 | beta-elemene | 0.130% | |
| 4 | alpha-fenchene | 0.030% | |
| 27 | geranial | trace | |
| 31 | geranyl acetate | trace | |
| 45 | germacrene B | 0.210% | |
| 38 | gamma-gurjunene | 0.450% | |
| 33 | (Z)-jasmone | trace | |
| 12 | limonene | 15.970% | |
| 18 | linalool | 2.300% | |
| 40 | gamma-muurolene | 0.260% | |
| 8 | myrcene | 0.340% | |
| 29 | nerol | 0.520% | |
| 30 | neryl acetate | 0.170% | |
| 14 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 0.080% | |
| 13 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | 0.200% | |
| 3 | alpha-pinene | 0.030% | |
| 7 | beta-pinene | 0.170% | |
| 6 | sabinene | 0.280% | |
| 1 | alpha-santalene | 0.020% | |
| 37 | epi-beta-santalene | 0.350% | |
| 44 | alpha-selinene | 0.390% | |
| 41 | beta-selinene | 3.150% | |
| 22 | terpinen-1-ol | 5.310% | |
| 23 | terpinen-4-ol | 5.720% | |
| 16 | gamma-terpinene | 2.460% | |
| 20 | (E)-beta-terpineol | 4.520% | |
| 19 | (Z)-beta-terpineol | 4.590% | |
| 25 | alpha-terpineol | 27.660% | |
| 17 | terpinolene | 5.280% | |
| 15 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 0.150% | |
| 2 | alpha-thujene | 0.020% | |
| 42 | valencene | 0.100% | |
| 28 | verbenone | 0.600% | |
| 43 | viridiflorene | 0.290% | |
| 77 | (E)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.720% | |
| 73 | (Z)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.060% | |
| 90 | (E)-gamma-bisabolene | 0.040% | |
| 86 | (Z)-alpha-bisabolene | 0.110% | |
| 88 | (Z)-gamma-bisabolene | 0.010% | |
| 100 | alpha-bisabolol | 0.060% | |
| 101 | epi-alpha-bisabolol | 0.060% | |
| 45 | borneol | 0.820% | |
| 43 | isoborneol | 0.060% | |
| 61 | bornyl acetate | 0.020% | |
| 89 | delta-cadinene | 0.080% | |
| 98 | alpha-cadinol | 0.030% | |
| 99 | campherenol | 0.030% | |
| 14 | delta-3-carene | 0.030% | |
| 54 | carvone | trace | |
| 75 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.420% | |
| 71 | isocaryophyllene | trace | |
| 94 | caryophyllene alcohol | 0.060% | |
| 95 | caryophyllene oxide | 0.020% | |
| 15 | 1,4-cineole | 3.520% | |
| 20 | 1,8-cineole | 4.350% | |
| 66 | citronellyl acetate | trace | |
| 82 | gamma-curcumene | 0.110% | |
| 48 | para-cymen-8-ol | 0.110% | |
| 17 | para-cymene | 2.300% | |
| 27 | para-cymenene | 0.160% | |
| 51 | decanal | 0.110% | |
| 59 | decanol | trace | |
| 74 | decyl acetate | trace | |
| 11 | 2,3-dihydro-1,8-cineole | 0.210% | |
| 18 | 2,2-dimethyl-5-(1-methyl propenyl) tetrahydrofuran | 0.020% | |
| 72 | dodecanal | 0.060% | |
| 81 | dodecanol | trace | |
| 70 | beta-elemene | 0.060% | |
| 65 | delta-elemene | 0.050% | |
| 76 | gamma-elemene | trace | |
| 92 | elemol | trace | |
| 40 | 4,8-epoxy-para-menth-1-ene | 0.030% | |
| 97 | gamma-eudesmol | 0.060% | |
| 87 | (E,E)-alpha-farnesene | 2.070% | |
| 78 | (Z)-beta-farnesene | 0.090% | |
| 5 | alpha-fenchene | 0.790% | |
| 32 | alpha-fenchol | 0.820% | |
| 33 | beta-fenchol | 0.010% | |
| 57 | geranial | 0.020% | |
| 56 | geraniol | 0.010% | |
| 69 | geranyl acetate | 0.070% | |
| 93 | germacrene B | 0.050% | |
| 83 | (Z)-beta-guaiene | 0.090% | |
| 79 | alpha-humulene | 0.080% | |
| 19 | limonene | 39.190% | |
| 38 | (E)-limonene oxide | trace | |
| 36 | (Z)-limonene oxide | trace | |
| 28 | linalool | 0.160% | |
| 31 | para-mentha-1,3,8-triene | trace | |
| 25 | para-mentha-3,8-diene | 0.020% | |
| 9 | 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one | 0.010% | |
| 10 | myrcene | 1.000% | |
| 34 | myrcenol | 0.010% | |
| 53 | neral | 0.030% | |
| 52 | nerol | 0.020% | |
| 67 | neryl acetate | 0.060% | |
| 30 | nonanal | 0.010% | |
| 1 | nonane | 0.030% | |
| 22 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 0.450% | |
| 21 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | 0.200% | |
| 35 | allo-ocimene | trace | |
| 12 | octanal | 0.050% | |
| 24 | octanol | 0.020% | |
| 58 | perillaldehyde | 0.050% | |
| 13 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.440% | |
| 4 | alpha-pinene | 0.990% | |
| 8 | beta-pinene | 0.770% | |
| 39 | trans-pinene hydrate | 0.030% | |
| 46 | pinocamphone | 0.050% | |
| 44 | isopinocamphone | 0.050% | |
| 62 | trans-pinocarvyl acetate | 0.010% | |
| 55 | piperitone | trace | |
| 42 | isopulegol | 0.080% | |
| 7 | sabinene | trace | |
| 80 | beta-santalene | 0.040% | |
| 91 | selina-3,7(11)-diene | 0.100% | |
| 85 | alpha-selinene | 0.090% | |
| 37 | terpinen-1-ol | 1.270% | |
| 47 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.710% | |
| 60 | alpha-terpinen-7-al | 0.020% | |
| 16 | alpha-terpinene | 2.350% | |
| 23 | gamma-terpinene | 13.350% | |
| 41 | (Z)-beta-terpineol | 0.800% | |
| 49 | alpha-terpineol | 7.000% | |
| 50 | gamma-terpineol | 1.240% | |
| 26 | terpinolene | 9.700% | |
| 96 | tetradecanal | 0.040% | |
| 84 | 1,1,3a,7-tetramethyl-1H-1a,2,2,3a,4,5,6,7b-octahydrocyclopropa(a)naphthalene | 0.180% | |
| 3 | alpha-thujene | 0.010% | |
| 2 | tricyclene | 0.030% | |
| 63 | tridecane | trace | |
| 6 | 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-ethenyl tetrahydropyran | 0.240% | |
| 64 | undecanal | 0.010% | |
| 29 | undecane | 0.020% | |
| 68 | undecanol | 0.010% | |
| 17 | bornyl acetate | 0.400% | |
| 2 | camphene | 0.500% | |
| 20 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.600% | |
| 9 | 1,4-cineole | 4.000% | |
| 11 | para-cymene | 3.600% | |
| 13 | limonene oxide | <0.10 | |
| 14 | linalool | <0.10 | |
| 16 | linalyl acetate | <0.10 | |
| 3 | para-menthane | 0.100% | |
| 6 | myrcene | 5.500% | |
| 21 | nerol | <0.10 | |
| 22 | neryl acetate | 0.300% | |
| 7 | alpha-phellandrene | 1.300% | |
| 10 | beta-phellandrene | 3.300% | |
| 1 | alpha-pinene | 33.700% | |
| 4 | beta-pinene | 1.100% | |
| 5 | sabinene | 27.600% | |
| 15 | terpinen-4-ol | 4.600% | |
| 8 | alpha-terpinene | 1.900% | |
| 12 | gamma-terpinene | 3.000% | |
| 18 | alpha-terpineol | 0.200% | |
| 19 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | <0.10 | |
| 61 | (E)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.700% | |
| 59 | (Z)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.060% | |
| 75 | (E)-gamma-bisabolene | 0.010% | |
| 73 | (Z)-gamma-bisabolene | 0.040% | |
| 72 | beta-bisabolene | 1.040% | |
| 85 | alpha-bisabolol | 0.060% | |
| 34 | isoborneol | 0.080% | |
| 37 | borneol + nonanol | 0.690% | |
| 2 | bornylene | 0.020% | |
| 83 | alpha-cadinol | 0.040% | |
| 82 | T-cadinol + T-muurolol | 0.020% | |
| 7 | camphene | 0.530% | |
| 84 | campherenol | 0.040% | |
| 14 | delta-3-carene | 0.010% | |
| 43 | trans-carveol | trace | |
| 46 | carvone | 0.010% | |
| 60 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.600% | |
| 79 | caryophyllene alcohol | 0.070% | |
| 15 | 1,4-cineole | 2.320% | |
| 44 | citronellol | 0.020% | |
| 17 | para-cymene | 1.890% | |
| 42 | decanal | 0.200% | |
| 54 | decanoic acid + neryl acetate | 0.040% | |
| 49 | decanol + geranial | 0.090% | |
| 20 | 2,2-dimethyl-5(1-methyl propenyl) tetrahydrofuran + (E)-beta-ocimene | 0.680% | |
| 58 | dodecanal | 0.080% | |
| 65 | dodecanol | 0.040% | |
| 57 | beta-elemene | trace | |
| 53 | delta-elemene | 0.060% | |
| 81 | gamma-eudesmol | 0.050% | |
| 71 | (E,E)-alpha-farnesene | 0.680% | |
| 62 | (Z)-beta-farnesene | 0.100% | |
| 6 | alpha-fenchene | 0.210% | |
| 27 | alpha-fenchol | 0.790% | |
| 47 | geraniol | 0.020% | |
| 56 | geranyl acetate | 0.100% | |
| 77 | germacrene B | 0.030% | |
| 63 | alpha-humulene | 0.090% | |
| 18 | limonene + 1,8-cineole | 46.860% | |
| 25 | linalool + undecane | 0.190% | |
| 23 | (Z)-linalool oxide | 0.020% | |
| 24 | (E)-linalool oxide + terpinolene + unknown | 8.430% | |
| 29 | (E)-para-menth-2-en-1-ol | 0.020% | |
| 31 | (Z)-para-menth-2-en-1-ol | trace | |
| 39 | para-methyl acetophenone + para-cymen-8-ol | 0.130% | |
| 67 | alpha-muurolene | 0.030% | |
| 11 | myrcene + dihydro-1,8-cineole | 1.340% | |
| 28 | myrcenol | 0.080% | |
| 45 | neral | 0.020% | |
| 78 | (E)-nerolidol | 0.010% | |
| 26 | nonanal | 0.030% | |
| 1 | nonane | 0.030% | |
| 19 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | 0.200% | |
| 35 | (E)-beta-ocimenol | 0.060% | |
| 33 | (Z)-beta-ocimenol | 0.090% | |
| 12 | octanal | 0.040% | |
| 22 | octanol | 0.020% | |
| 50 | perillaldehyde | 0.020% | |
| 13 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.460% | |
| 5 | alpha-pinene | 1.020% | |
| 10 | beta-pinene | 1.340% | |
| 48 | piperitone | 0.010% | |
| 9 | sabinene | 0.020% | |
| 51 | sabinyl acetate | 0.010% | |
| 64 | beta-santalene | 0.040% | |
| 86 | selin-7(11)-en-4-ol | 0.010% | |
| 76 | selina-3,7(11)-diene | 0.050% | |
| 66 | selina-4,11-diene | 0.130% | |
| 68 | beta-selinene | 0.010% | |
| 69 | delta-selinene | 0.200% | |
| 70 | alpha-selinene + (Z)-alpha-bisabolene | 0.170% | |
| 74 | epi-alpha-selinene + delta-cadinene | 0.050% | |
| 30 | terpinen-1-ol | 1.200% | |
| 38 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.970% | |
| 16 | alpha-terpinene | 2.840% | |
| 21 | gamma-terpinene | 11.020% | |
| 32 | (E)-beta-terpineol | 0.810% | |
| 36 | (Z)-beta-terpineol | 0.220% | |
| 40 | alpha-terpineol | 7.900% | |
| 41 | gamma-terpineol | 1.210% | |
| 80 | tetradecanal | 0.020% | |
| 4 | alpha-thujene | 0.010% | |
| 3 | tricyclene | 0.020% | |
| 8 | 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-vinyl tetrahydropyran | 0.220% | |
| 52 | undecanal | 0.030% | |
| 55 | undecanol | 0.030% | |
| 39 | alpha-amorphene | 0.290% | |
| 33 | aromadendrene | 1.610% | |
| 35 | allo-aromadendrene | 0.690% | |
| 40 | bicyclogermacrene | 0.130% | |
| 36 | 1-epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene | 0.510% | |
| 32 | alpha-bulnesene | 0.190% | |
| 44 | cadina-1,4-diene | 0.300% | |
| 42 | delta-cadinene | 1.860% | |
| 43 | calamenene | 0.270% | |
| 31 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.440% | |
| 11 | 1,4-cineole | trace | |
| 16 | 1,8-cineole | 3.040% | |
| 25 | alpha-copaene | 0.170% | |
| 26 | alpha-cubebene | 0.090% | |
| 49 | cubenol | 0.520% | |
| 27 | para-cymen-8-ol | trace | |
| 9 | para-cymene | 4.960% | |
| 17 | alpha-para-dimethyl styrene | 0.170% | |
| 48 | globulol | 0.800% | |
| 46 | epi-globulol | 0.180% | |
| 28 | alpha-gurjunene | 0.450% | |
| 29 | beta-gurjunene | trace | |
| 34 | gamma-gurjunene | 0.150% | |
| 8 | (-)-limonene | trace | |
| 10 | (+)-limonene | 0.510% | |
| 18 | (-)-linalool | trace | |
| 19 | (+)-linalool | trace | |
| 30 | beta-maaliene | trace | |
| 38 | methyl eugenol | trace | |
| 37 | alpha-muurolene | 0.260% | |
| 4 | myrcene | 0.460% | |
| 45 | palustrol | 0.060% | |
| 5 | (-)-alpha-phellandrene | trace | |
| 12 | (-)-beta-phellandrene | 0.220% | |
| 6 | (+)-alpha-phellandrene | trace | |
| 13 | (+)-beta-phellandrene | 0.360% | |
| 2 | (-)-alpha-pinene | 0.180% | |
| 3 | (+)-alpha-pinene | 1.680% | |
| 20 | sabinene hydrate | trace | |
| 47 | spathulenol | 0.150% | |
| 22 | (-)-terpinen-4-ol | 13.130% | |
| 21 | (+)-terpinen-4-ol | 24.730% | |
| 7 | alpha-terpinene | 9.900% | |
| 14 | gamma-terpinene | 21.150% | |
| 23 | (-)-alpha-terpineol | 0.690% | |
| 24 | (+)-alpha-terpineol | 2.030% | |
| 15 | terpinolene | 3.180% | |
| 1 | alpha-thujene | 0.440% | |
| 41 | viridiflorene | 1.750% | |
| 50 | viridiflorol | 0.580% | |
| 33 | ascaridole | 21.250% | |
| 5 | camphene | 0.210% | |
| 23 | camphor | 0.010% | |
| 8 | delta-3-carene | 0.140% | |
| 37 | trans-carvyl acetate | 0.040% | |
| 9 | 1,4-cineole | 0.510% | |
| 13 | 1,8-cineole | 21.100% | |
| 31 | cuminaldehyde | 0.100% | |
| 11 | para-cymene | 8.630% | |
| 4 | alpha-fenchene | 0.010% | |
| 14 | fenchone | trace | |
| 30 | alpha-fenchyl acetate | 0.040% | |
| 19 | alpha-fenchyl alcohol | 0.220% | |
| 32 | geraniol | 0.100% | |
| 41 | guaiazulene | 8.800% | |
| 1 | 2-heptanone | 0.030% | |
| 40 | ledol | 0.170% | |
| 12 | limonene | 0.040% | |
| 39 | methyl eugenol | 0.750% | |
| 7 | myrcene | 0.010% | |
| 28 | myrtenol | 0.200% | |
| 29 | nerol | 0.040% | |
| 17 | 2-nonanol | trace | |
| 15 | 2-nonanone | 0.040% | |
| 3 | alpha-pinene | 0.010% | |
| 21 | trans-pinocarveol | 0.660% | |
| 27 | sabinaketone | 0.400% | |
| 6 | sabinene | 0.010% | |
| 36 | sabinyl acetate | 2.360% | |
| 25 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.750% | |
| 16 | terpinen-4-yl acetate | 0.020% | |
| 10 | alpha-terpinene | 0.020% | |
| 26 | alpha-terpineol | 0.140% | |
| 24 | beta-terpineol | 0.070% | |
| 2 | alpha-thujene | 0.030% | |
| 18 | alpha-thujone | 14.300% | |
| 20 | beta-thujone | 7.150% | |
| 35 | thymol | 0.030% | |
| 38 | thymyl acetate | 0.010% | |
| 22 | (Z)-verbenol | 9.900% | |
| 34 | cis-verbenyl acetate | 0.080% |