achillea millefolium herb oil

gc1030131
Essential Oil 564 components

References

A. C. Figueiredo, J. G. Barroso, M. S. S. Pais and J. J. C. Scheffer, Composition of the essential oils from two populations of Achilea mmillefolium L. ssp. milllefolium. J. Chromatogr Sci., 30, 392-395 (1992).
P&F 22, No. 3, 57, (1997)
P. Chatzopoulou, S. T. Katsiotis and A. Baerheim Svendsen, An ascaridole containing essential oil of the Achilles millefolium L. complex growing wild in Northen Greece, J. Essent. Oil Res., 4, 457-459 (1992).
P&F 22, No. 3, 57, (1997)
R. Naef and A. F. Morris, Lavande-Lavandin. Une analyse comparative.. Rivista Ital. EPPOS, (Numnero Speciale), 365-377 (1992).
P&F 18, No. 2, 43, (1993)
R. Naef and A. F. Morris, Lavande-Lavandin. Une analyse comparative.. Rivista Ital. EPPOS, (Numnero Speciale), 365-377 (1992).
P&F 18, No. 2, 43, (1993)
P&F 25, No. 4, 55, (2000)
P&F 21, No. 3, 55, (1996)
R. Naef and A. F. Morris, Lavender-Lavandin-A Composition. Rivista Ital. EPPOS, (Numero Speciale), 364-377 (1992).
P&F 18, No. 6, 53, (1993)
An oil of L. latifolia produced in France was found by Canaud and Martineau (1996) to possess the following composition:
J. C. Chalchat, R. P. Garry, A. Michet, B. Benjilali and J. L. Chabart, Essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). The chemical composition of the oils of various origins (Morocco, Spain, France). J. Essent. Oil Res., 5, 613-618 (1993).
P&F 20, No. 1, 47, (1995)
J. C. Chalchat, R. P. Garry, A. Michet, B. Benjilali and J. L. Chabart, Essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). The chemical composition of the oils of various origins (Morocco, Spain, France). J. Essent. Oil Res., 5, 613-618 (1993).
P&F 20, No. 1, 47, (1995)
In 1993, Tucker et al. analyzed a commercial sample of wormwood oil by GC and GC/MS. The oil was found to possess the following composition:
P&F 23, No. 1, 39, (1998)

Top 20 Components

All Components (564)

# Component %
41 bicyclogermacrene 0.300%
20 borneol 2.500%
30 bornyl acetate 0.600%
44 delta-cadinene trace
43 gamma-cadinene 0.200%
49 alpha-cadinol 0.400%
47 T-cadinol 0.400%
4 camphene 2.500%
17 camphor 25.500%
26 trans-carveol 0.500%
27 cis-carveol 0.100%
32 trans-carvyl acetate 0.700%
35 cis-carvyl acetate trace
38 beta-caryophyllene 0.600%
46 caryophyllene oxide 0.500%
50 chamazulene 0.300%
29 (Z)-chrysanthenyl acetate 0.200%
11 1,8-cineole 17.400%
10 para-cymene 0.600%
37 beta-elemene trace
34 delta-elemene 0.100%
45 elemol trace
33 eugenol 0.400%
40 germacrene D 1.200%
39 alpha-humulene trace
36 (Z)-jasmone 1.900%
21 lavandulol 2.000%
12 limonene 0.500%
16 (E)-para-menth-2-en-1-ol 3.300%
18 (Z)-para-menth-2-en-1-ol 2.200%
42 alpha-muurolene trace
48 alpha-muurolol trace
7 beta-myrcene 0.500%
23 myrtenal 0.800%
25 myrtenol 1.000%
31 neryl acetate 2.900%
28 (Z)-ocimenone 0.200%
8 alpha-phellandrene 0.500%
3 alpha-pinene 4.200%
6 beta-pinene 9.500%
19 pinocarvone 0.400%
5 sabinene 2.900%
14 (E)-sabinene hydrate 0.200%
22 terpinen-4-ol 1.100%
9 alpha-terpinene 0.600%
13 gamma-terpinene 0.600%
24 alpha-terpineol 0.900%
15 terpinolene 0.200%
2 alpha-thujene 0.200%
1 tricyclene 0.200%
20 artemisyl alcohol 0.500%
16 artemisyl ketone trace
1 artemisia triene 0.400%
33 ascaridole 49.300%
55 alpha-bisabolol 0.100%
29 isoborneol 2.000%
50 delta-cadinene trace
49 gamma-cadinene trace
54 alpha-cadinol 0.100%
53 T-cadinol 0.100%
5 camphene 0.900%
26 camphor 8.100%
11 delta-3-carene trace
37 carvacrol trace
43 beta-caryophyllene 0.400%
52 caryophyllene oxide 0.200%
28 (Z)-chrysanthenol 0.200%
36 chrysanthenyl acetate trace
14 1,8-cineole 10.500%
40 alpha-copaene trace
41 beta-cubebene 0.100%
46 ar-curcumene trace
13 para-cymene 7.400%
42 beta-elemene trace
44 (E)-beta-farnesene trace
35 geranial 0.300%
47 germacrene D trace
45 alpha-humulene trace
39 (Z)-jasmone 0.800%
27 lavandulol 0.100%
15 limonene 0.100%
22 linalool 0.500%
48 alpha-muurolene trace
9 myrcene trace
51 (E)-nerolidol trace
6 1-octen-3-ol trace
10 alpha-phellandrene trace
4 alpha-pinene 0.400%
8 beta-pinene 0.300%
7 sabinene 0.400%
19 (E)-sabinene hydrate 0.400%
25 (Z)-sabinene hydrate 0.500%
30 terpinen-4-ol 1.100%
12 alpha-terpinene 7.000%
18 gamma-terpinene 0.300%
31 alpha-terpineol 0.500%
21 terpinolene 0.300%
3 alpha-thujene trace
23 alpha-thujone 1.500%
24 beta-thujone 0.200%
34 thujyl isobutyrate 1.400%
38 thymol 0.100%
2 tricyclene trace
32 verbenone 0.200%
17 yomogi alcohol 1.700%
3 camphene 0.200%
13 camphor 0.900%
12 chrysanthenone 0.300%
4 1,8-cineole 15.900%
21 geranyl acetate 0.600%
15 lavandulol 37.200%
19 lavandulyl acetate 9.500%
11 linalool 13.600%
9 linalool oxide 0.100%
5 myrcene 0.200%
18 nerol 1.800%
14 nerol oxide 0.300%
20 neryl acetate 2.800%
2 alpha-pinene 0.700%
4 beta-pinene 0.200%
16 terpinen-4-ol 2.900%
8 gamma-terpinene 0.900%
6 alpha-terpinene + para-cymene 1.760%
17 alpha-terpineol 2.100%
10 terpinolene 0.100%
1 alpha-thujene 0.200%
1 acetone trace
46 beta-bergamotene trace
62 bisabolene 0.100%
78 beta-bisabolol 0.400%
59 borneol 2.890%
49 bornyl acetate 0.240%
18 butyl butyrate 0.040%
10 butyl isobutyrate 0.010%
35 butyl tiglate 0.100%
66 gamma-cadinene 0.250%
77 T-cadinol 0.200%
7 camphene 0.330%
43 camphor 12.160%
11 delta-3-carene 0.050%
64 carvone trace
52 beta-caryophyllene 2.730%
75 beta-caryophyllene epoxide 0.120%
17 1,8-cineole 10.220%
76 cubenol trace
68 cuminaldehyde 0.020%
71 para-cymen-8-ol 0.020%
25 para-cymene 0.160%
69 epoxylinalyl acetate (2 isomers) 0.030%
54 beta-farnesene 1.120%
6 fenchene trace
33 fenchone 0.010%
39 isofenchone 0.080%
32 galbanolene (1,3(E),5(Z)-undecatriene) trace
70 geraniol 0.230%
63 geranyl acetate 1.190%
60 germacrene D 1.060%
30 hexanol 0.020%
19 2-hexenal trace
38 hexyl 2-methyl butyrate 0.050%
24 hexyl acetate 0.170%
34 hexyl butyrate 0.280%
29 hexyl isobutyrate 0.040%
28 hexyl propionate 0.020%
53 hexyl tiglate 0.130%
56 alpha-humulene 0.170%
55 lavandulol 0.840%
50 lavandulyl acetate 2.270%
73 lavandulyl butyrate 0.020%
74 lavandulyl epoxide trace
16 limonene 0.930%
44 linalool 22.530%
41 (E)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.160%
37 (Z)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.160%
65 (Z)-linalool oxide pyranoid trace
45 linalyl acetate 26.180%
72 linalyl hexanoate trace
2 methoxyhexane 0.050%
15 5-methyl-3-heptanone 0.140%
12 myrcene 1.500%
67 nerol 0.050%
61 neryl acetate 0.130%
22 (E)-beta-ocimene 0.520%
20 (Z)-beta-ocimene 1.050%
27 octanal trace
23 3-octanone 0.040%
36 1-octen-3-ol 0.120%
31 1-octen-3-yl acetate 0.260%
42 octyl acetate trace
13 alpha-phellandrene 0.070%
4 alpha-pinene 0.610%
8 beta-pinene 0.440%
48 plinol isomer (2-dimethyl-3-methyl ethenyl cyclopentanol) 0.190%
9 sabinene 0.140%
40 sabinene hydrate 0.240%
47 alpha-santalene 0.210%
51 terpinen-4-ol 3.340%
14 alpha-terpinene 0.050%
21 gamma-terpinene 0.400%
57 alpha-terpineol 1.180%
58 gamma-terpineol 0.430%
26 terpinolene 0.260%
5 alpha-thujene 0.120%
3 tricyclene 0.010%
1 acetone 0.020%
46 beta-bergamotene 0.390%
62 bisabolene 0.050%
74 beta-bisabolol 0.240%
59 borneol 3.650%
17 butyl butyrate 0.030%
10 butyl isobutyrate trace
35 butyl tiglate 0.150%
65 gamma-cadinene 0.300%
73 T-cadinol 0.210%
7 camphene 0.550%
42 camphenilone trace
43 camphor 12.200%
11 delta-3-carene 0.130%
50 beta-caryophyllene 6.030%
71 beta-caryophyllene epoxide 0.110%
16 1,8-cineole 10.280%
57 cryptone 0.050%
72 cubebol trace
69 para-cymen-8-ol 0.050%
23 para-cymene 0.220%
67 epoxylinalyl acetate (2 isomers) 0.090%
54 beta-farnesene 1.090%
6 fenchene trace
33 fenchone 0.010%
39 isofenchone 0.090%
32 galbanolene (1,3(E),5(Z)-undecatriene) trace
68 geraniol 0.100%
63 geranyl acetate 1.220%
60 germacrene D 1.200%
29 hexanol 0.050%
38 hexyl 2-methyl butyrate 0.120%
22 hexyl acetate 0.240%
34 hexyl butyrate 0.300%
28 hexyl isobutyrate 0.140%
27 hexyl propionate 0.060%
51 hexyl tiglate 0.190%
70 hotrienol trace
56 alpha-humulene 0.430%
55 lavandulol 0.550%
48 lavandulyl acetate 2.640%
15 limonene 1.500%
44 linalool 19.590%
41 (E)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.110%
37 (Z)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.110%
64 (Z)-linalool oxide pyranoid 0.250%
45 linalyl acetate 18.580%
2 methoxyhexane 0.060%
12 myrcene 1.240%
66 nerol trace
61 neryl acetate 0.200%
20 (E)-beta-ocimene 4.220%
18 (Z)-beta-ocimene 2.630%
25 octanal trace
31 3-octanol trace
21 3-octanone 0.140%
36 1-octen-3-ol 0.330%
30 1-octen-3-yl acetate 0.490%
26 3-octyl acetate trace
13 alpha-phellandrene 0.070%
4 alpha-pinene 0.890%
8 beta-pinene 0.870%
9 sabinene 0.380%
40 sabinene hydrate 0.240%
47 alpha-santalene 0.670%
52 beta-santalene trace
49 terpinen-4-ol 1.230%
14 alpha-terpinene 0.090%
19 gamma-terpinene 0.260%
58 alpha-terpineol 0.980%
24 terpinolene 0.480%
5 alpha-thujene 0.070%
3 tricyclene 0.010%
53 5,5,6-trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-one 0.130%
3 camphene 0.040%
19 camphor 5.500%
6 delta-3-carene 0.040%
24 beta-caryophyllene 2.150%
31 caryophyllene oxide 0.150%
9 1,8-cineole 13.100%
13 para-cymene 0.090%
30 geranyl acetate 0.450%
28 germacrene D 0.800%
26 alpha-humulene 0.250%
25 lavandulol 3.090%
23 lavandulyl acetate 16.010%
8 limonene 0.250%
20 linalool 20.180%
18 (E)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.060%
16 (Z)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.040%
21 linalyl acetate 18.600%
7 myrcene 0.450%
29 neryl acetate 0.870%
12 (E)-beta-ocimene 2.840%
10 (Z)-beta-ocimene 3.110%
15 3-octanol 0.080%
17 1-octen-3-ol 0.530%
2 alpha-pinene 0.580%
4 beta-pinene 0.250%
5 sabinene 0.080%
22 terpinen-4-ol 1.050%
11 gamma-terpinene 0.070%
27 alpha-terpineol + borneol 1.290%
14 terpinolene 0.090%
1 alpha-thujene 0.030%
33 aromadendrene 1.020%
31 bergamotene 0.190%
36 alpha-bisabolol 2.090%
19 borneol 2.300%
4 camphene 0.220%
18 camphor 7.900%
30 beta-caryophyllene 1.860%
11 1,8-cineole 5.830%
10 ortho-cymene 0.140%
27 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl acetate 3.080%
32 (Z)-beta-farnesene 2.230%
25 geraniol trace
29 geranyl acetate 0.710%
9 hexyl acetate 0.150%
23 hexyl butyrate 0.350%
20 lavandulol 0.310%
17 linalool 25.290%
16 (E)-linalool oxide 0.910%
15 (Z)-linalool oxide 0.830%
26 linalyl acetate 34.690%
14 para-menth-2-en-1-ol 0.300%
1 2-methyl cyclopentanol 0.720%
34 gamma-muurolene 0.840%
35 alpha-muurolol 0.540%
8 myrcene 1.190%
24 nerol trace
28 neryl acetate 0.330%
13 (E)-beta-ocimene 0.720%
12 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.580%
6 1-octen-3-ol trace
3 alpha-pinene 0.270%
7 beta-pinene 0.210%
5 sabinene trace
21 terpinen-4-ol 3.790%
22 alpha-terpineol 0.460%
2 alpha-thujene trace
1 acetone 0.110%
49 beta-bisabolol 0.020%
38 borneol 1.690%
43 gamma-cadinene 0.180%
48 T-cadinol 0.060%
4 camphene 1.080%
28 beta-caryophyllene 2.170%
47 caryophyllene oxide 0.200%
10 1,8-cineole 22.900%
35 cryptone 0.070%
46 para-cymen-8-ol 0.090%
15 para-cymene 1.390%
31 beta-farnesene 0.310%
45 geraniol 0.350%
39 germacrene D 0.200%
18 hexanol 0.010%
19 (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol trace
21 hexyl 3-methyl butyrate 0.060%
20 hexyl butyrate 0.020%
17 hexyl isobutyrate trace
29 hexyl tiglate 0.020%
34 alpha-humulene 0.160%
33 lavandulol 0.500%
9 limonene 3.180%
23 (Z)-linalool oxide furanoid 0.110%
42 (E)-linalool oxide pyranoid 0.180%
41 (Z)-linalool oxide pyranoid trace
25 6-methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one trace
7 myrcene 0.800%
32 myrtenol 0.070%
44 nerol 0.690%
40 neryl acetate 0.880%
13 (E)-beta-ocimene 0.080%
11 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.470%
14 3-octanone 0.050%
22 1-octen-3-ol 0.090%
8 alpha-phellandrene trace
3 alpha-pinene 4.770%
5 beta-pinene 4.100%
26 plinol (2-dimethyl-3-methyl ethenyl cyclopentanol) trace
24 plinol isomer (2-dimethyl-3-methyl ethenyl cyclopentanol) 0.370%
6 sabinene 0.370%
27 terpinen-4-ol 0.360%
12 gamma-terpinene 0.150%
36 alpha-terpineol 2.670%
37 gamma-terpineol 0.530%
16 terpinolene 0.070%
2 tricyclene trace
30 5,5,6-trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-one 0.470%
35 aromadendrene 0.100%
29 bornyl acetate 0.700%
40 delta-cadinene 0.100%
46 T-cadinol 0.100%
3 camphene 0.200%
8 delta-3-carene <0.05
33 beta-caryophyllene 4.900%
44 caryophyllene oxide 0.100%
31 alpha-copaene 0.100%
10 para-cymene 0.100%
26 decanal 0.100%
17 alpha-para-dimethyl styrene <0.05
32 beta-elemene 0.200%
41 elemol 0.300%
47 beta-eudesmol 0.200%
48 (E,E)-farnesol 0.200%
28 geraniol <0.05
45 globulol 0.200%
38 (Z)-beta-guaiene 0.100%
34 beta-gurjunene <0.05
36 gamma-gurjunene 0.100%
37 alpha-humulene 1.200%
23 lavandulol 0.100%
11 limonene 5.100%
19 linalool 2.000%
6 myrcene 2.400%
27 nerol 0.100%
42 (E)-nerolidol 0.300%
30 neryl acetate 0.100%
14 (E)-beta-ocimene 7.100%
13 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.600%
7 alpha-phellandrene 6.100%
12 beta-phellandrene 49.000%
2 alpha-pinene 9.000%
5 beta-pinene 1.500%
4 sabinene 0.200%
16 (E)-sabinene hydrate <0.05
20 (Z)-sabinene hydrate <0.05
39 alpha-selinene 0.200%
43 spathulenol 0.100%
24 terpinen-4-ol 0.400%
9 alpha-terpinene 0.200%
15 gamma-terpinene 0.200%
22 (E)-beta-terpineol <0.05
21 (Z)-beta-terpineol 0.300%
25 alpha-terpineol 0.600%
18 terpinolene 0.200%
1 alpha-thujene 0.100%
38 beta-bisabolene 0.00-trace
48 alpha-bisabolol 0.00-0.27
35 borneol 3.24-6.53
25 bornyl acetate 1.19-14.32
39 alpha-cadinene 0.00-0.08
40 delta-cadinene 0.00-0.07
45 T-cadinol 0.00-0.12
4 camphene 5.86-8.35
20 camphor 3.01-7.50
8 delta-3-carene 0.19-1.19
47 carvacrol 0.00-0.14
26 beta-caryophyllene 0.00-2.19
44 caryophyllene oxide 0.00-0.10
12 1,8-cineole 5.30-24.79
16 para-cymene 1.39-1.54
7 6,6-dimethyl(3.1.1)bicyclohept-3-ene-2-butylene 0.07-0.78
31 beta-farnesene 0.00-0.19
43 geraniol 0.00-trace
28 geranyl acetate 0.33-0.68
36 germacrene D 0.00-trace
29 alpha-humulene 0.00-0.94
32 lavandulol 0.00-0.06
30 lavandulyl acetate trace-0.54
11 limonene 3.02-3.96
22 linalool 1.46-9.41
23 linalyl acetate 0.00-5.52
37 gamma-muurolene 0.00-trace
9 myrcene 1.55-2.12
41 nerol 0.00-0.05
15 (E)-beta-ocimene 0.02-0.53
13 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.00-0.05
2 alpha-pinene 19.91-35.08
5 beta-pinene 2.08-4.35
21 isopinocamphone 0.06-0.58
6 sabinene 0.21-1.36
18 (E)-sabinene hydrate 0.09-0.12
24 alpha-santalene 0.00-trace
27 terpinen-4-ol 0.00-1.21
10 alpha-terpinene 0.39-0.46
14 gamma-terpinene 0.28-1.28
34 alpha-terpineol 0.00-0.09
17 terpinolene 0.51-0.78
3 alpha-thujene 0.00-0.08
46 thymol 0.00-0.18
1 tricyclene 0.24-0.41
42 3,3,6-trimethyl(2.2.1)bicyclohept-1-en-7-ol 0.00-0.04
33 verbenone 1.03-5.08
19 viridiflorene 0.06-0.15
38 beta-bisabolene 0.06-0.13
35 borneol 3.00-4.51
25 bornyl acetate 0.12-0.86
39 alpha-cadinene 0.08-0.98
40 delta-cadinene 0.18-0.77
44 T-cadinol 0.00-0.11
4 camphene 3.21-3.98
20 camphor 7.42-10.80
8 delta-3-carene 0.15-0.20
26 beta-caryophyllene 2.41-4.32
43 caryophyllene oxide 0.00-0.10
12 1,8-cineole 43.53-53.48
16 para-cymene 0.99-1.40
7 6,6-dimethyl(3.1.1)bicyclohept-3-ene-2-butylene 0.00-trace
31 beta-farnesene 0.37-0.51
42 geraniol 0.00-0.05
28 geranyl acetate 0.00-0.07
36 germacrene D 0.00-0.13
29 alpha-humulene 0.27-5.43
32 lavandulol 0.00-0.23
30 lavandulyl acetate 0.00-0.30
11 limonene 1.86-2.06
22 linalool 0.73-1.76
23 linalyl acetate 0.00-0.02
37 gamma-muurolene 0.00-0.13
9 myrcene 1.27-1.60
41 nerol 0.00-0.10
15 (E)-beta-ocimene 0.00-0.06
13 (Z)-beta-ocimene 0.00-0.27
2 alpha-pinene 9.56-12.72
5 beta-pinene 5.53-7.83
21 isopinocamphone 0.04-0.13
6 sabinene 0.14-0.21
18 (E)-sabinene hydrate 0.04-0.19
24 alpha-santalene 0.00-0.80
27 terpinen-4-ol 0.69-0.91
10 alpha-terpinene 0.52-0.66
14 gamma-terpinene 0.93-1.19
34 alpha-terpineol 0.00-2.46
17 terpinolene 0.29-0.36
3 alpha-thujene 0.00-trace
1 tricyclene 0.10-0.23
33 verbenone 0.00-0.46
19 viridiflorene 0.00-0.12
20 beta-caryophyllene 1.440%
30 chamazulene 0.110%
10 1,8-cineole 0.620%
12 para-cymene 0.280%
17 (Z)-epoxyocimene 0.850%
3 alpha-fenchene 0.180%
29 geraniol 0.140%
28 geranyl propionate 2.080%
24 germacrene D 1.720%
14 (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol 0.390%
22 lavandulol 0.710%
19 lavandulyl acetate 1.810%
9 limonene 0.210%
18 linalool 1.740%
1 (Z)-2-methyl-3-methylene-hept-5-ene 0.240%
6 myrcene 1.320%
27 nerol 0.370%
26 neryl isobutyrate 1.440%
7 alpha-phellandrene 0.350%
2 alpha-pinene 0.690%
4 beta-pinene 0.190%
5 sabinene 2.910%
25 beta-sabinene 0.970%
23 (Z)-sabinol 2.700%
21 (Z)-sabinyl acetate 32.750%
8 alpha-terpinene 0.160%
11 gamma-terpinene 0.410%
13 terpinolene 0.050%
15 alpha-thujone 3.420%
16 beta-thujone 33.110%