bergamot oil
References
A. Verzera, G. Lamonica, L. Mondello, A. Trozzi and G. Dugo, The composition of bergamot oil. Perfum. Flavor., 21(6), 19-34 (1996).
P. Dugo, A. Cotroneo, I. Bonarcorsi and L. Mondello, On the genuineness of citrus essential oils Part LVII. The composition of distilled lime oil. Flav. Fragr. J., 13, 93-97 (1998).
Top 20 Components
All Components (217)
| # | Component | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60 | (E)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.162-0.437 | |
| 58 | (Z)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.017-0.048 | |
| 66 | bicyclogermacrene | 0.012-0.076 | |
| 67 | (Z)-alpha-bisabolene | 0.000-trace | |
| 70 | (Z)-gamma-bisabolene | 0.000-0.010 | |
| 69 | beta-bisabolene | 0.212-0.648 | |
| 76 | alpha-bisabolol | 0.007-0.030 | |
| 45 | bornyl acetate | 0.010-0.037 | |
| 4 | camphene | 0.019-0.053 | |
| 75 | campherenol | 0.007-0.023 | |
| 30 | camphor | 0.001-0.012 | |
| 11 | delta-3-carene | 0.001-0.009 | |
| 39 | carvone | 0.000-trace | |
| 59 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.154-0.524 | |
| 15 | 1,8-cineole | 0.010-0.022 | |
| 31 | citronellal | 0.005-0.030 | |
| 53 | citronellyl acetate | 0.007-0.053 | |
| 13 | para-cymene | 0.010-0.893 | |
| 35 | decanal | 0.037-0.103 | |
| 43 | 2-decenal | 0.000-0.009 | |
| 57 | decyl acetate | 0.009-0.053 | |
| 74 | 2,3-dimethyl-3-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-2-norbornanol | 0.006-0.024 | |
| 56 | dodecanal | 0.002-0.055 | |
| 34 | dodecane | 0.000-0.006 | |
| 64 | dodecanol | 0.000-0.009 | |
| 51 | delta-elemene | 0.000-0.007 | |
| 68 | (E,E)-alpha-farnesene | 0.000-trace | |
| 62 | (Z)-beta-farnesene | 0.033-0.089 | |
| 44 | geranial + perillaldehyde | 0.199-0.494 | |
| 42 | geraniol | 0.000-0.010 | |
| 55 | geranyl acetate | 0.107-0.799 | |
| 71 | germacrene B | 0.000-0.001 | |
| 65 | germacrene D | 0.033-0.106 | |
| 26 | heptyl acetate | trace-0.019 | |
| 10 | hexyl acetate | 0.000-0.002 | |
| 61 | alpha-humulene | 0.009-0.045 | |
| 46 | indole | 0.000-0.009 | |
| 14 | limonene + beta-phellandrene | 25.385-53.187 | |
| 28 | (E)-limonene oxide | 0.001-0.015 | |
| 27 | (Z)-limonene oxide | 0.001-0.019 | |
| 24 | linalool | 1.745-22.681 | |
| 23 | (E)-linalool oxide | 0.000-trace | |
| 21 | (Z)-linalool oxide | 0.000-trace | |
| 41 | linalyl acetate | 15.616-41.363 | |
| 50 | linalyl propionate | 0.013-0.066 | |
| 49 | methyl geranate | 0.002-0.015 | |
| 6 | 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one | 0.001-0.009 | |
| 7 | myrcene | 0.635-1.575 | |
| 38 | neral | 0.105-0.344 | |
| 37 | nerol + citronellol | 0.010-0.111 | |
| 72 | (E)-nerolidol | 0.007-0.036 | |
| 54 | neryl acetate | 0.126-0.670 | |
| 25 | nonanal | 0.012-0.076 | |
| 48 | nonyl acetate | 0.004-0.053 | |
| 77 | nootkatone | 0.010-0.095 | |
| 17 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 0.104-0.361 | |
| 16 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | 0.011-0.068 | |
| 8 | octanal | 0.025-0.084 | |
| 20 | octanol | 0.001-0.021 | |
| 36 | octyl acetate | 0.071-0.199 | |
| 9 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.016-0.056 | |
| 3 | alpha-pinene | 0.720-1.844 | |
| 5 | beta-pinene + sabinene | 4.814-12.802 | |
| 29 | isopulegol | 0.000-0.004 | |
| 19 | (Z)-sabinene hydrate | 0.015-0.063 | |
| 40 | (E)-sabinene hydrate acetate | 0.048-0.127 | |
| 63 | (Z)-beta-santalene | 0.001-0.016 | |
| 32 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.008-0.042 | |
| 12 | alpha-terpinene | 0.081-0.282 | |
| 18 | gamma-terpinene | 5.266-11.151 | |
| 33 | alpha-terpineol | 0.030-0.126 | |
| 22 | terpinolene | 0.210-0.476 | |
| 52 | alpha-terpinyl acetate | 0.071-0.263 | |
| 73 | tetradecanal | 0.000-0.010 | |
| 2 | alpha-thujene | 0.187-0.491 | |
| 1 | tricyclene | 0.001-0.005 | |
| 47 | undecanal | 0.004-0.024 | |
| 35 | atlantone | 0.800% | |
| 38 | (E)-alpha-atlantone | 2.800% | |
| 34 | (E)-gamma-atlantone | 0.600% | |
| 37 | (Z)-alpha-atlantone | 0.300% | |
| 36 | (Z)-beta-atlantone | 0.600% | |
| 33 | (Z)-gamma-atlantone | 0.400% | |
| 22 | (Z)-alpha-bisabolene | 0.400% | |
| 27 | alpha-calacorene | >0.10 | |
| 1 | camphene | >0.10 | |
| 14 | camphor | >0.10 | |
| 3 | delta-3-carene | >0.10 | |
| 17 | alpha-cedrene | 0.200% | |
| 21 | chamigrene | 1.400% | |
| 7 | para-cymene | >0.10 | |
| 24 | alpha-dehydro-ar-himachalene | 0.800% | |
| 26 | gamma-dehydro-ar-himachalene | 1.400% | |
| 28 | oxidohimachalene | 0.600% | |
| 9 | fenchone | >0.10 | |
| 32 | guaiazulene | 0.100% | |
| 10 | alpha-gurjunene | >0.10 | |
| 13 | beta-gurjunene | >0.10 | |
| 18 | alpha-himachalene | 14.200% | |
| 20 | beta-himachalene | 31.300% | |
| 19 | gamma-himachalene | 6.900% | |
| 30 | himachalene oxide | 0.500% | |
| 29 | beta-himachalene oxide | 2.200% | |
| 5 | limonene | >0.10 | |
| 31 | longiborneol | 0.800% | |
| 16 | longifolene | 0.500% | |
| 11 | alpha-longipinene | 0.100% | |
| 39 | manool | 5.600% | |
| 2 | 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one | >0.10 | |
| 23 | occidentalol acetate | 0.800% | |
| 15 | sativene | 0.100% | |
| 4 | alpha-terpinene | >0.10 | |
| 6 | gamma-terpinene | >0.10 | |
| 8 | terpinolene | >0.10 | |
| 25 | beta-vetivenene | 0.400% | |
| 12 | alpha-ylangene | >0.10 | |
| 77 | (E)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.720% | |
| 73 | (Z)-alpha-bergamotene | 0.060% | |
| 90 | (E)-gamma-bisabolene | 0.040% | |
| 86 | (Z)-alpha-bisabolene | 0.110% | |
| 88 | (Z)-gamma-bisabolene | 0.010% | |
| 100 | alpha-bisabolol | 0.060% | |
| 101 | epi-alpha-bisabolol | 0.060% | |
| 45 | borneol | 0.820% | |
| 43 | isoborneol | 0.060% | |
| 61 | bornyl acetate | 0.020% | |
| 89 | delta-cadinene | 0.080% | |
| 98 | alpha-cadinol | 0.030% | |
| 99 | campherenol | 0.030% | |
| 14 | delta-3-carene | 0.030% | |
| 54 | carvone | trace | |
| 75 | beta-caryophyllene | 0.420% | |
| 71 | isocaryophyllene | trace | |
| 94 | caryophyllene alcohol | 0.060% | |
| 95 | caryophyllene oxide | 0.020% | |
| 15 | 1,4-cineole | 3.520% | |
| 20 | 1,8-cineole | 4.350% | |
| 66 | citronellyl acetate | trace | |
| 82 | gamma-curcumene | 0.110% | |
| 48 | para-cymen-8-ol | 0.110% | |
| 17 | para-cymene | 2.300% | |
| 27 | para-cymenene | 0.160% | |
| 51 | decanal | 0.110% | |
| 59 | decanol | trace | |
| 74 | decyl acetate | trace | |
| 11 | 2,3-dihydro-1,8-cineole | 0.210% | |
| 18 | 2,2-dimethyl-5-(1-methyl propenyl) tetrahydrofuran | 0.020% | |
| 72 | dodecanal | 0.060% | |
| 81 | dodecanol | trace | |
| 70 | beta-elemene | 0.060% | |
| 65 | delta-elemene | 0.050% | |
| 76 | gamma-elemene | trace | |
| 92 | elemol | trace | |
| 40 | 4,8-epoxy-para-menth-1-ene | 0.030% | |
| 97 | gamma-eudesmol | 0.060% | |
| 87 | (E,E)-alpha-farnesene | 2.070% | |
| 78 | (Z)-beta-farnesene | 0.090% | |
| 5 | alpha-fenchene | 0.790% | |
| 32 | alpha-fenchol | 0.820% | |
| 33 | beta-fenchol | 0.010% | |
| 57 | geranial | 0.020% | |
| 56 | geraniol | 0.010% | |
| 69 | geranyl acetate | 0.070% | |
| 93 | germacrene B | 0.050% | |
| 83 | (Z)-beta-guaiene | 0.090% | |
| 79 | alpha-humulene | 0.080% | |
| 19 | limonene | 39.190% | |
| 38 | (E)-limonene oxide | trace | |
| 36 | (Z)-limonene oxide | trace | |
| 28 | linalool | 0.160% | |
| 31 | para-mentha-1,3,8-triene | trace | |
| 25 | para-mentha-3,8-diene | 0.020% | |
| 9 | 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one | 0.010% | |
| 10 | myrcene | 1.000% | |
| 34 | myrcenol | 0.010% | |
| 53 | neral | 0.030% | |
| 52 | nerol | 0.020% | |
| 67 | neryl acetate | 0.060% | |
| 30 | nonanal | 0.010% | |
| 1 | nonane | 0.030% | |
| 22 | (E)-beta-ocimene | 0.450% | |
| 21 | (Z)-beta-ocimene | 0.200% | |
| 35 | allo-ocimene | trace | |
| 12 | octanal | 0.050% | |
| 24 | octanol | 0.020% | |
| 58 | perillaldehyde | 0.050% | |
| 13 | alpha-phellandrene | 0.440% | |
| 4 | alpha-pinene | 0.990% | |
| 8 | beta-pinene | 0.770% | |
| 39 | trans-pinene hydrate | 0.030% | |
| 46 | pinocamphone | 0.050% | |
| 44 | isopinocamphone | 0.050% | |
| 62 | trans-pinocarvyl acetate | 0.010% | |
| 55 | piperitone | trace | |
| 42 | isopulegol | 0.080% | |
| 7 | sabinene | trace | |
| 80 | beta-santalene | 0.040% | |
| 91 | selina-3,7(11)-diene | 0.100% | |
| 85 | alpha-selinene | 0.090% | |
| 37 | terpinen-1-ol | 1.270% | |
| 47 | terpinen-4-ol | 0.710% | |
| 60 | alpha-terpinen-7-al | 0.020% | |
| 16 | alpha-terpinene | 2.350% | |
| 23 | gamma-terpinene | 13.350% | |
| 41 | (Z)-beta-terpineol | 0.800% | |
| 49 | alpha-terpineol | 7.000% | |
| 50 | gamma-terpineol | 1.240% | |
| 26 | terpinolene | 9.700% | |
| 96 | tetradecanal | 0.040% | |
| 84 | 1,1,3a,7-tetramethyl-1H-1a,2,2,3a,4,5,6,7b-octahydrocyclopropa(a)naphthalene | 0.180% | |
| 3 | alpha-thujene | 0.010% | |
| 2 | tricyclene | 0.030% | |
| 63 | tridecane | trace | |
| 6 | 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-ethenyl tetrahydropyran | 0.240% | |
| 64 | undecanal | 0.010% | |
| 29 | undecane | 0.020% | |
| 68 | undecanol | 0.010% |