(+)-digoxin
12beta-hydroxydigitoxin
Identification
| Name | (+)-digoxin |
| CAS Number | 20830-75-5 |
| EINECS | 244-068-1 |
| FDA UNII | 73K4184T59 |
| Molecular Formula | C41 H64 O14 |
| Molecular Weight | 780.94988000 |
| MDL Number | MFCD00003674 |
| Beilstein | 0077011 |
| XlogP3 | 1.30 (est) |
Regulatory
Physical Properties
| Appearance | white crystals (est) |
| Assay | 95.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Melting Point | 249.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 931.60 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est) |
| Flash Point | 533.00 °F. TCC ( 278.50 °C. ) (est) |
| logP (o/w) | 1.260 |
| Soluble in | water, 64.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
No sensory data available
Safety Information
| Preferred SDS | View |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | oral-cat LD50 200 ug/kg |
| Dermal Toxicity | subcutaneous-frog LD50 2240 ng/kg |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for (+)-digoxin usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| Recommendation for (+)-digoxin flavor usage levels up to | not for flavor use. |
Glentham Life Sciences Ltd
The Chemical, Biochemical & Research Essentials Supplier
Glentham Life Sciences is a supplier of fine chemicals and raw materials with warehousing, laboratories and packaging facilities in the UK.
Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
acygoxin
card-20(22)-enolide, 3-((O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-
cardigox
cardiogoxin
cardioxin
cardoxin
chloroformic digitalin
coragoxine
cordioxil
davoxin
digacin
digitek
digoksyna
digomal
digon
digonix
digos
digosin
digossina
digoxigenin-tridigitoxosid
digoxin
SK-
digoxin
digoxin nativelle
digoxin pediatric
digoxin-sandoz
digoxin-zori
digoxina
digoxina-sandoz
digoxine
digoxine navtivelle
digoxinum
dilanacin
dimecip
dixina
dokim
dynamos
eudigox
fargoxin
grexin
hemigoxine nativelle
homolle's digitalin
12beta-
hydroxydigitoxin
lanacordin
lanacrist
lanatilin
lanicor
lanikor
lanorale
lanoxicaps
lanoxin
lanoxin pediatric
lanoxin PG
lenoxicaps
lenoxin
lifusin
longdigox
mapluxin
natigoxin
neo-lanicor
neodioxanin
novodigal
purgoxin
rougoxin
saroxin
stillacor
3beta,12beta,14-
trihydroxy-5beta,14beta-card-20(22)-enolid-3-tridigitoxosid
vanoxin
PubMed:
A new approach to predict human intestinal absorption using porcine intestinal tissue and biorelevant matrices.
PubMed:
Development, validation, and application of a novel 7-day Caco-2 cell culture system.
PubMed:
Laboratory testing of clinically approved drugs against Balamuthia mandrillaris.
PubMed:
Drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and losartan, furosemide, omeprazole, digoxin and warfarin in healthy subjects.
PubMed:
Use of different parameters and equations for calculation of ICâ
â values in efflux assays: potential sources of variability in ICâ
â determination.
PubMed:
In vitro predictability of drug-drug interaction likelihood of P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of dabigatran etexilate based on [I]2/IC50 threshold.
PubMed:
Suitability of digoxin as a P-glycoprotein probe: implications of other transporters on sensitivity and specificity.
PubMed:
Validation of a population-based method to assess drug-induced alterations in the QT interval: a self-controlled crossover study.
PubMed:
Serum-reduced and serum-free media for differentiation of Caco-2 cells.
PubMed:
Purification and characterization of neurotoxin complex from a dual toxin gene containing Clostridium Botulinum Strain PS-5.
PubMed:
Application of receiver operating characteristic analysis to refine the prediction of potential digoxin drug interactions.
PubMed:
Functional evidence for physiological mechanisms to circumvent neurotoxicity of cardenolides in an adapted and a non-adapted hawk-moth species.
PubMed:
Metabolite profiling of ginsenoside Re in rat urine and faeces after oral administration.
PubMed:
P-gp substrate-induced neurotoxicity in an Abcb1a knock-in/Abcb1b knock-out mouse model with a mutated canine ABCB1 targeted insertion.
PubMed:
Botanical-drug interactions: a scientific perspective.
PubMed:
Effects of aripiprazole and its active metabolite dehydroaripiprazole on the activities of drug efflux transporters expressed both in the intestine and at the blood-brain barrier.
PubMed:
First successful curative use of digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragments in a life-threatening coconut crab (Birgus latro L.) poisoning.
PubMed:
[Drug interactions and clinical relevance: it all began with cheese].
PubMed:
Carrier-mediated transport of quercetin conjugates: involvement of organic anion transporters and organic anion transporting polypeptides.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of linagliptin.
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Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of vildagliptin.
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The role of turmerones on curcumin transportation and P-glycoprotein activities in intestinal Caco-2 cells.
PubMed:
Multiplex DNA detection of food allergens on a digital versatile disk.
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Atrial fibrillation (chronic).
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Screening of plant toxins in food, feed and botanicals using full-scan high-resolution (Orbitrap) mass spectrometry.
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Study of drug-drug interactions in prescriptions of general practitioners and specialists in iran 2007-2009.
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Heart failure.
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Atrial fibrillation (acute onset).
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Concurrent detection of autolysosome formation and lysosomal degradation by flow cytometry in a high-content screen for inducers of autophagy.
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Patient counseling about herbal-drug interactions.
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Treatment of chronically digoxin-poisoned patients with a newer digoxin immune fab--a retrospective study.
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A review of the clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of varenicline for smoking cessation.
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Important drug-nutrient interactions.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacology of dronedarone: implications for the therapy of atrial fibrillation.
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The decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta (PPARdelta) is reversed by digoxin in the heart of diabetic rats.
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Heart failure.
PubMed:
Physiological roles of endogenous ouabain in normal rats.
PubMed:
Low-dose cardiotonic steroids increase sodium-potassium ATPase activity that protects hippocampal slice cultures from experimental ischemia.
PubMed:
Autopsy report on central pontine myelinolysis triggered by vomiting associated with digoxin intoxication.
PubMed:
Digitalis must be banished from the table: a rare case of acute accidental Digitalis intoxication of a whole family.
PubMed:
Validation and application of Caco-2 assays for the in vitro evaluation of development candidate drugs as substrates or inhibitors of P-glycoprotein to support regulatory submissions.
PubMed:
Interaction of coenzyme Q10 with the intestinal drug transporter P-glycoprotein.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate.
PubMed:
Gauging the clinical significance of P-glycoprotein-mediated herb-drug interactions: comparative effects of St. John's wort, Echinacea, clarithromycin, and rifampin on digoxin pharmacokinetics.
PubMed:
Atrial fibrillation (chronic).
PubMed:
Atrial fibrillation (acute onset).
PubMed:
[Preliminary study on rapid test of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157 by PCR-immunochromatographic test].
PubMed:
Effects of diosmin, a flavonoid glycoside in citrus fruits, on P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
PubMed:
Digoxin bioequivalence study: determination in human plasma by microparticle enzyme immunoassay.
PubMed:
Varenicline: the newest agent for smoking cessation.
PubMed:
Detection and quantification of affinity ligand leaching and specific antibody fragment concentration within chromatographic fractions using surface plasmon resonance.
PubMed:
Initial United States experience with the Paracor HeartNet myocardial constraint device for heart failure.
PubMed:
Heart failure.
PubMed:
Oral varenicline for smoking cessation.
PubMed:
Unexpectedly dangerous escargot stew: oleandrin poisoning through the alimentary chain.
PubMed:
Grapefruit juice and drug interactions. Exploring mechanisms of this interaction and potential toxicity for certain drugs.
PubMed:
Exenatide: a new option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
PubMed:
Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport by terpenoids contained in herbal medicines and natural products.
PubMed:
Cardiac glycosides provide neuroprotection against ischemic stroke: discovery by a brain slice-based compound screening platform.
PubMed:
The complexity of intestinal absorption and exsorption of digoxin in rats.
PubMed:
Bioavailability of digoxin.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics of ranolazine.
PubMed:
Pharmacokinetics of telithromycin: application to dosing in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections.
PubMed:
Low potential for interactions between melagatran/ximelagatran and other drugs, food, or alcohol.
PubMed:
Comparison of information on the pharmacokinetic interactions of Ca antagonists in the package inserts from three countries (Japan, USA and UK).
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics of losartan.
PubMed:
Ezetimibe: a review of its metabolism, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions.
PubMed:
Exposure-response relationships and drug interactions of sirolimus.
PubMed:
Efflux of sphingoid bases by P-glycoprotein in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacology of bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist.
PubMed:
Herb-drug interactions: focus on pharmacokinetics.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam.
PubMed:
Intestinal P glycoprotein acts as a natural defense mechanism against Listeria monocytogenes.
PubMed:
Overview of treprostinil sodium for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
PubMed:
The involvement of the blood-brain and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers in the distribution of leptin into and out of the rat brain.
PubMed:
The effects of fruit juices on drug disposition: a new model for drug interactions.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin.
PubMed:
Effects of grapefruit juice on intestinal P-glycoprotein: evaluation using digoxin in humans.
PubMed:
[Effects of vitamin A on Hox 3.5 gene expression in mouse embryo].
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics of tegaserod, a serotonin 5-HT(4) receptor partial agonist with promotile activity.
PubMed:
Rabeprazole: pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic drug interactions.
PubMed:
[Nutritional study in geriatric patients (older than 65 years of age) with ambulatory enteral nutrition: correlation between underlying disease, nutritional support, and drug treatment].
PubMed:
Piperine, a major constituent of black pepper, inhibits human P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4.
PubMed:
Digoxin products for oral use; revocation of conditions for marketing. Final rule.
PubMed:
Diagnostics for conformity of paired quantitative measurements.
PubMed:
Food and drugs.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics and selective pharmacodynamics of new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: an update.
PubMed:
Use of alternative pharmacotherapy in management of cardiovascular diseases.
PubMed:
beta-Blocker therapy in heart failure: scientific review.
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FDA adverse event reports on statin-associated rhabdomyolysis.
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Seven new biologic agents approved in 2001.
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Fruit juices inhibit organic anion transporting polypeptide-mediated drug uptake to decrease the oral availability of fexofenadine.
PubMed:
Correction: generic substitution.
PubMed:
FDA approves digoxin-toxicity remedy.
PubMed:
Effect of grapefruit juice on digoxin pharmacokinetics in humans.
PubMed:
Herbal medicines today and the roots of modern pharmacology.
PubMed:
[The safety of herbal medicines in the psychiatric practice].
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Drug interactions with irbesartan.
PubMed:
A comprehensive account on the role of efflux transporters in the gastrointestinal absorption of 13 commonly used substrate drugs in humans.
PubMed:
Profile of moxifloxacin drug interactions.
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Interaction profile and tolerability of barnidipine.
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Generic substitution: issues for problematic drugs.
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Current role of beta-adrenergic blockers in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure.
PubMed:
Falsely elevated serum digitoxin concentrations due to cross-reactivity of water-extractable digitoxin-like immunoreactivity of Chinese medicine Chan SU: elimination of interference by use of a chemiluminescent assay.
PubMed:
[Drug-food interactions].
PubMed:
Pharmacokinetic interaction of digoxin with an herbal extract from St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum).
PubMed:
Assessment of the quality and quantity of drug-drug interaction studies in recent NDA submissions: study design and data analysis issues.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics of troglitazone.
PubMed:
Ischemic and nonischemic heart failure do not require different treatment strategies.
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Clinical aspects of the use of clopidogrel, a new antiplatelet agent.
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Clinical pharmacokinetics of nimesulide.
PubMed:
Rational assessment of the interaction profile of cerivastatin supports its low propensity for drug interactions.
PubMed:
Contamination of botanical dietary supplements by Digitalis lanata.
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Azimilide dihydrochloride, a novel antiarrhythmic agent.
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The clinical pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin.
PubMed:
GC/MS comparison of the West Indian aphrodisiac "Love Stone" to the Chinese medication "chan su": bufotenine and related bufadienolides.
PubMed:
The influence of feeding regimens on endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactive substance concentrations in infants.
PubMed:
Development and pharmacology of fluvastatin.
PubMed:
Deaths associated with a purported aphrodisiac--New York City, February 1993-May 1995.
PubMed:
Human pharmacokinetics of tiludronate.
PubMed:
Effect of ingesta and of tablets of different strengths on the systemic availability of digoxin in normal dogs.
PubMed:
Development and pharmacology of fluvastatin.
PubMed:
Chronic voluntary exercise may alter hepatobiliary clearance of endogenous and exogenous chemicals in rats.
PubMed:
Clinical implications of the biopharmaceutical properties of fluvastatin.
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Dose-response and concentration-response relationships: clinical and regulatory perspectives.
PubMed:
Pharmacokinetics of fluvastatin and specific drug interactions.
PubMed:
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with ACE inhibitors.
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Benazepril: a new ACE inhibitor.
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Dietary electrolytes and urinary natriuretic factors.
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Prescription drug use in lactating mothers: an experience at a referral hospital and in a community in India.
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Perturbation of intestinal microflora.
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Response of cats with dilated cardiomyopathy to taurine supplementation.
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Bioavailability and bioinequivalence of drug formulations in small animals.
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Influence of food on the absorption of beta-methyldigoxin.
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Felodipine clinical pharmacokinetics.
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Treatment of cardiovascular disease in cattle.
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Evaluation of a radioreceptor assay to assess exogenous estrogen activity in serum of patients with breast cancer.
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Clinical pharmacology of cilazapril.
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Nitrendipine: a new dihydropyridine calcium-channel antagonist for the treatment of hypertension.
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Status of generic substitution: problematic drug classes reviewed.
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Endogenous digoxin-like activity of mammalian-lignans and their derivatives.
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Propafenone: a new antiarrhythmic agent.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Relationship between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.
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Digitalis. An update of clinical pharmacokinetics, therapeutic monitoring techniques and treatment recommendations.
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Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibopamine on different diseases and conditions.
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Effects of food ingestion on hemodynamics in chronic congestive heart failure.
PubMed:
Pharmacokinetics of captopril in healthy subjects and in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
PubMed:
[Postprandial delay of drug absorption in a gitoformate model].
PubMed:
Compatibility of medications with enteral feedings.
PubMed:
Drug interactions in surgical patients.
PubMed:
Clinical pharmacokinetics of felodipine. A summary.
PubMed:
The clinical pharmacology of lisinopril.
PubMed:
The impact of a drug information sheet on the understanding and attitude of patients about drugs.
PubMed:
[Mediator concepts and modulation of renal compensatory adaptation].
PubMed:
Immunological approach to poisoning.
PubMed:
Metabolism and disposition of buspirone.
PubMed:
The comparative cardiovascular effects of digoxin and food alone and in combination in normal males.
PubMed:
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bepridil.
PubMed:
Generalization of distribution--free confidence intervals for bioavailability ratios.
PubMed:
Enalapril: a review of human pharmacology.
PubMed:
[Principles of pharmacotherapy in geriatrics].
PubMed:
Fasting and postprandial absorption of digoxin from a microencapsulated formulation.
PubMed:
Hypertonic formula resulting from added oral medications.
PubMed:
[Use of drugs in a medical polyclinic].
PubMed:
[Biological availability of digoxin and beta-methyl-digoxin administered in the fasting state or after meals].
PubMed:
Institutional pharmacists' guide to complying with PPI regulations.
PubMed:
Therapeutic and toxic plasma concentrations of digoxin in the cat.
PubMed:
Application of individualized digoxin dosage regimens to canine therapeutic digitalization.
PubMed:
Influence of food on the bioavailability of drugs.
PubMed:
Effect of a standard breakfast on digoxin absorption in normal subjects.
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Digoxin bioavailability: evaluation of a generic tablet and proposed FDA guidelines.
PubMed:
Absorption and metabolism of lanatoside C. II. Fate after oral administration.
PubMed:
Greater bioavailability of digoxin solution in capsules. Studies in the postprandial state.
PubMed:
Drug bioavailability studies.
PubMed:
Drugs, diseases and altered gastric emptying.
PubMed:
Bioavailability of drugs: the digoxin dilemma.
PubMed:
Symposium on pharmacologic and clinical control of cardiovascular drugs. Comments from the Food and Drug Administration.
PubMed:
The safety of digoxin.
PubMed:
Commentary: The communication gap: clinical pharmacology and the public.
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Editorial: What the practicing physician should know about digoxin bioavailability and how will FDA action affect him?
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Editorial: Digoxin--the regulatory viewpoint.
PubMed:
Editorial: Bioavailability of drugs: focus on digoxin.
PubMed:
FDA to change digoxin standards.
PubMed:
Digoxin tablets.
PubMed:
Letter: Digoxin tablets: a possible problem with biological availability.
PubMed:
Pharmacokinetics of digoxin: interpreting bioavailability.
PubMed:
Effect of cholestyramine on absorption of 3H digoxin in rats.
PubMed:
Judgments concerning faulty digoxin.
PubMed:
Bioavailability of digoxin tablets.
PubMed:
Biologic availability of digoxin tablets.
PubMed:
Bioavailability of digoxin.
PubMed:
Plasma concentrations of digoxin after oral administration in the fasting and postprandial ste.
PubMed:
A CASE OF HUMAN BOTULISM DUE TO HOME-PRESERVED CANTALOUPE.