Identification

Namestearyl alcohol
IUPACoctadecan-1-ol
CAS Number112-92-5
EINECS204-017-6
FDA UNII2KR89I4H1Y
Molecular FormulaC18 H38 O
Molecular Weight270.50006000
MDL NumberMFCD00002823
Nikkaji NumberJ10.101J
Beilstein1362907
XlogP38.40 (est)

Regulatory

FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, NoticesGRN 70
DG SANTE Food Flavourings02.196 octadecan-1-ol
DG SANTE Food Contact Materialsoctadecan-1-ol
FDA Mainterm (SATF)112-92-5 ; STEARYL ALCOHOL
FDA RegulationFDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

Physical Properties

Appearance white solid powder (est)
Assay 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed No
Melting Point 57.00 to 60.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 210.00 °C. @ 15.00 mm Hg, 333.00 to 335.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 0.000009 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density 9.3 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point 282.00 °F. TCC ( 138.89 °C. )
logP (o/w) 7.971 (est)
Soluble in alcohol
Insoluble in water

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesemulsion stabilisers

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Description at 100.00 %.

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categorystabilizers, leavening agents, emulsifiers and nutrients
Recommendation for stearyl alcohol usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
Recommendation for stearyl alcohol flavor usage levels up tonot for flavor use.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU)0.14 (μg/capita/day)
Structure ClassI

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Potential Uses

emollients emulsion stabilisers opacifying agents viscosity controlling agents

Natural Occurrence

angelica seed oil CO2 extract @ 0.90% Data garlic bulb herniaria incana lam. oil greece @ 0.20% Data potato leaf witch hazel leaf oil @ trace% Data

Synonyms

cetax 18 CO-1895 CO-1897 CO-1898 CO-1899 1- hydroxyoctadecane lipocol S lipowax G nikkol wax-230 octadecan-1-ol 1- octadecanol N- octadecanol octadecyl alcohol surfol 18 PubMed: Lamellar Liquid Crystal Improves the Skin Retention of 3-O-Ethyl-Ascorbic Acid and Potassium 4-Methoxysalicylate In Vitro and In Vivo for Topical Preparation. PubMed: Nanoparticle enlarged interfacial effect on phase transition of 1-octadecanol/silica composites. PubMed: Impact of the oxygen defects and the hydrogen concentration on the surface of tetragonal and monoclinic ZrO2 on the reduction rates of stearic acid on Ni/ZrO2. PubMed: Tablets compressed with gastric floating pellets coated with acrylic resin for gastro retention and sustained release of famotidine: in-vitro and in-vivo study. PubMed: Statistical analysis of molecular nanotemplate driven DNA adsorption on graphite. PubMed: Advanced phase change composite by thermally annealed defect-free graphene for thermal energy storage. PubMed: Severe allergic contact dermatitis caused by a rubber glove coated with a moisturizer. PubMed: Rare biscoumarin derivatives and flavonoids from Hypericum riparium. PubMed: Smart pH- and reduction-dual-responsive folate-PEG-coated polymeric lipid vesicles for tumor-triggered targeted drug delivery. PubMed: Sustained-release formulation of sarpogrelate hydrochloride. PubMed: Impact of esterified bacteriochlorophylls on the biogenesis of chlorosomes in Chloroflexus aurantiacus. PubMed: Design and development of novel lipid based gastroretentive delivery system: response surface analysis, in-vivo imaging and pharmacokinetic study. PubMed: Application of D-optimal experimental design method to optimize the formulation of O/W cosmetic emulsions. PubMed: Nanocarriers of solid lipid from micelles of amino acids surfactants coated with polymer nanoparticles. PubMed: Fast Disinfection of Escherichia coli Bacteria Using Carbon Nanotubes Interaction with Microwave Radiation. PubMed: Modeling the effect of sonication parameters on size and dispersion temperature of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) by response surface methodology (RSM). PubMed: Structure and lateral interaction in mixed monolayers of dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride (DOAC) and stearyl alcohol. PubMed: Molecular interactions behind the synergistic effect in mixed monolayers of 1-octadecanol and ethylene glycol monooctadecyl ether. PubMed: Lysozyme immobilization via adsorption process using sulphonic acid functionalized silane grafted copolymer. PubMed: EliA facilitates the induction of lipase expression by stearyl alcohol in Ralstonia sp. NT80. PubMed: Authentication of beeswax (Apis mellifera) by high-temperature gas chromatography and chemometric analysis. PubMed: Safety assessment of stearyl heptanoate and related stearyl alkanoates as used in cosmetics. PubMed: The effect of alcohol structures on the interaction mode with the hexameric capsule of resorcin[4]arene. PubMed: Doxorubicin and MBO-asGCS oligonucleotide loaded lipid nanoparticles overcome multidrug resistance in adriamycin resistant ovarian cancer cells (NCI/ADR-RES). PubMed: Essential oil of Myrica esculenta Buch. Ham.: composition, antimicrobial and topical anti-inflammatory activities. PubMed: Physicochemical characterization of nanotemplate engineered solid lipid nanoparticles. PubMed: Uniformity of drug payload and its effect on stability of solid lipid nanoparticles containing an ester prodrug. PubMed: [Studies on the chemical constituents of Wikstroemia indica]. PubMed: Comparative study on the different techniques for the preparation of sustained-release hydrophobic matrices of a highly water-soluble drug. PubMed: Thin film formation of silica nanoparticle/lipid composite films at the fluid-fluid interface. PubMed: Improved cellular uptake of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes. PubMed: Chromium(VI) oxide oxidation of non-ethoxylated and ethoxylated alcohols for determination by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. PubMed: Synthesis of 1-octadecanol-modified water-swelling polyurethane hydrogels as vaginal drug-delivery vehicle. PubMed: In vitro drug release mechanism from lipid nanocapsules (LNC). PubMed: Solid lipid nanoparticles for topical administration of Kaempferia parviflora extracts. PubMed: Simple and rapid analytical method for the simultaneous determination of cetrimonium chloride and alkyl alcohols in hair conditioners. PubMed: [Improvement of a sedimentation method for measuring dispersion of fibres from asbestos cement roofs]. PubMed: The influence of bilayer composition on the gel to liquid crystalline transition. PubMed: Allergic contact dermatitis from dichlorobenzyl alcohol in a patient with multiple contact allergies. PubMed: Factors controlling the stability of a kinetically hindered lamellar-lamellar transition. PubMed: [Research on chemical constituents from stem of Gymnema sylvestre]. PubMed: In situ observation of gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticle adsorption under different monolayers at the air/water interface. PubMed: Stability enhancement effect of normal long-chain alcohols on ion pair amphiphile monolayers at the air/water interface. PubMed: Structure and rheology of semisolid o/w creams containing cetyl alcohol/non-ionic surfactant mixed emulsifier and different polymers. PubMed: Novel molecular precursor of lanthanide complexes with long chain mono cis-butene dicarboxylate to the controlled synthesis of Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphors. PubMed: Wax-incorporated emulsion gel beads of calcium pectinate for intragastric floating drug delivery. PubMed: Rumen bypass and biodistribution of l-carnitine from dual-layered coated pellets in cows, in vitro and in vivo. PubMed: Reactive uptake of N2O5 on aqueous H2SO4 solutions coated with 1-component and 2-component monolayers. PubMed: N2O5 reactive uptake on aqueous sulfuric acid solutions coated with branched and straight-chain insoluble organic surfactants. PubMed: Nanotemplate-engineered nanoparticles containing gadolinium for magnetic resonance imaging of tumors. PubMed: Comedogenicity in rabbit: some cosmetic ingredients/vehicles. PubMed: A novel flow reactor for studying reactions on liquid surfaces coated by organic monolayers: methods, validation, and initial results. PubMed: Photoimages and the release characteristics of lipophilic matrix tablets containing highly water-soluble potassium citrate with high drug loadings. PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatile components from capitula and aerial parts of Rhaponticum acaule DC growing wild in Tunisia. PubMed: Formation of wormlike aggregates of fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon hybrid surfactant by Langmuir-Blodgett transfer and alignment of gold nanoparticles. PubMed: Photophysical properties of novel ternary lanthanide complexes with long chain mono-L cis-butene dicarboxylate (L = hexadecyl, octadecyl and eicosyl) and 2,2'-bipyridyl (or 1,10-phenanthroline). PubMed: Theophylline granule formulation prepared by the wet granulation method: comparison of in vitro dissolution profiles and estimation of in vivo plasma concentrations. PubMed: Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of N-(4-octadecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene) derivatives of amino acids. PubMed: The oxorhenium(VII)-catalyzed direct condensation of phosphoric acid with an alcohol. PubMed: The metabolism of fatty alcohols in lipid nanoparticles by alcohol dehydrogenase. PubMed: Design of a transdermal delivery system for aspirin as an antithrombotic drug. PubMed: Surface molecular view of colloidal gelation. PubMed: Permeability of acetic acid through organic films at the air-aqueous interface. PubMed: Characterization of mixed alcohol monolayers adsorbed onto a Au(111) electrode using electro-fluorescence microscopy. PubMed: Small-angle neutron scattering studies of an adsorbed non-ionic surfactant (C12E24) on hydrophobised silica particles in water. PubMed: Multi length scale analysis of the microstructure in sticky sphere dispersions during shear flow. PubMed: Spectroscopic study on the photophysical properties of novel lanthanide complexes with long chain mono-L phthalate (L=hexadecyl, octadecyl and eicosyl). PubMed: Rheology of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) suspended in a viscoelastic medium. PubMed: Miscibility of small colloidal spheres with large polymers in good solvent. PubMed: Layer by layer characterization of 1-octadecanol films on a Au(111) electrode surface. "In situ" polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and electrochemical studies. PubMed: Hydrophobically assisted switching phase synthesis: the flexible combination of solid-phase and solution-phase reactions employed for oligosaccharide preparation. PubMed: Nucleophilic acyl substitutions of esters with protic nucleophiles mediated by amphoteric, oxotitanium, and vanadyl species. PubMed: Comparative study between the viscoelastic behaviors of different lipid nanoparticle formulations. PubMed: In vivo and in vitro evaluations of water-absorption properties of various ointments. PubMed: Crystallization and prevention of supercooling of microencapsulated n-alkanes. PubMed: Adsorption-induced asymmetric assembly from an achiral adsorbate. PubMed: Selectivity and stability of organic films at the air-aqueous interface. PubMed: Natural ligands of hamster aphrodisin. PubMed: Influence of ammonium nitrate in phase transitions of Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films at air/solution and solid/solution interfaces. PubMed: Two-dimensional packing patterns of amino acid surfactant and higher alcohols in an aqueous phase and their associated packing parameters. PubMed: (S)-2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid, a new component in cephalic glands of male European beewolves Philanthus triangulum. PubMed: Relationship between internal phase volume and emulsion stability: the cetyl alcohol/stearyl alcohol system. PubMed: Extended release lipophilic indomethacin microspheres: formulation factors and mathematical equations fitted drug release rates. PubMed: Controlled release of verapamil hydrochloride from waxy microparticles prepared by spray congealing. PubMed: [Pharmaceutical evaluation of fast-disintegrant tablet containing nicorandil-loaded particles]. PubMed: [Studies on the chemical constituents of Quercus mongolica]. PubMed: Sustaining pattern of phenformin hydrochloride using various polymers and waxes. PubMed: [Fast-disintegration oral tablets having sustained release property]. PubMed: Thermotropic mesomorphism of a model system for the plant epicuticular wax layer. PubMed: Allergic contact dermatitis from stearyl alcohol in Efudix cream. PubMed: Growth promotion of rice seedlings by allelopathic polysaccharide from Welsh onion. PubMed: Paclitaxel loaded poly(L-lactic acid) microspheres: properties of microspheres made with low molecular weight polymers. PubMed: Correlation of DNA synthesis-inhibiting activity and the extent of transmembrane permeation into tumor cells by unsaturated or saturated fatty alcohols of graded chain-length upon hyperthermia. PubMed: Polypyrrole-modified tips for functional group recognition in scanning tunneling microscopy. PubMed: Thermal analysis as a screening technique in preformulation studies of picotamide solid dosage forms. PubMed: The Effect of Surfactant Monolayers on the Heat Transfer Through Air/Water and Oil/Water Interfaces Using IR Imaging Technique. PubMed: Preparation and characterization of melatonin-loaded stearyl alcohol microspheres. PubMed: Effect of vehicles on yohimbine permeation across excised hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Is there a specific receptor for anesthetics? Contrary effects of alcohols and fatty acids on phase transition and bioluminescence of firefly luciferase. PubMed: Loss of patch test positivity to cetylstearyl alcohol. PubMed: Are sodium lauryl sulfate-containing toothpastes suitable vehicles for xylitol? PubMed: A case of contact dermatitis due to impurities of cetyl alcohol. PubMed: Effect of vehicle on topical liposomal drug delivery: petrolatum bases. PubMed: Reaction of lipids containing hydroxy groups with trimethylsulfonium hydroxide: formation of O-methyl derivatives. PubMed: Fate of 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET18-OME) in malignant cells, normal cells, and isolated and perfused rat liver. PubMed: Accumulation of fatty alcohol in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. PubMed: Glyceryl-ether monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.5): nature of the glyceryl-ether lipid substrates in aqueous buffer. PubMed: Development and evaluation of sustained-release ibuprofen-wax microspheres. II. In vitro dissolution studies. PubMed: Contact sensitivity to the stearyl alcohol in Efudix cream (5-fluorouracil). PubMed: [The photodegradation-assay method of sodium nitroprusside and its application to studies on percutaneous absorption]. PubMed: Development and evaluation of sustained-release ibuprofen-wax microspheres. I. Effect of formulation variables on physical characteristics. PubMed: Effects of alkyl alcohols and related chemicals on rat liver structure and function. I. Induction of two distinct types of megamitochondria. PubMed: Resistance of lipid films to transmission of water vapor and oxygen. PubMed: Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans adherence to hydroxyapatite with combinations of alkyl phosphates and nonionic surfactants. PubMed: Noncontact fluorescence thermometry of acoustically levitated waterdrops. PubMed: Prevalence and sources of sensitization to emulsifiers: a clinical study. PubMed: A quantitative assessment of the reactivity of the fatty alcohols with cetrimide using immersion calorimetry. PubMed: Biosynthetic preparation of radioactively labelled ethanolamine plasmalogen (1-O-[1'-14C]octadec-1'-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanola mine) using a protozoan cell culture. PubMed: [Reduction of the transfer of surface active agent residues in food]. PubMed: Metabolites and biodegradation pathways of fatty alcohol ethoxylates in microbial biocenoses of sewage treatment plants. PubMed: Heterotopic tracheal transplants: techniques and applications. PubMed: Induction of megamitochondria in rat hepatocytes by l-octadecanol. PubMed: Insecticidal effect of aliphatic alcohols against aquatic stages of Aedes mosquitoes. PubMed: Effect of carcinogen release rate on the incidence of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the respiratory tract epithelium in rats. PubMed: The influence of fatty alcohols on the structure and stability of creams prepared with polyethylene glycol 1000 monostearate/fatty alcohols. PubMed: Inactivation of mycoplasmas by long-chain alcohols. PubMed: The hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol monolayers at an air/water interface by the calcium-ion-dependent phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase of pig brain. PubMed: [Hygienic chemical studies on plastics (VIII). Migration test of methyl methacrylate and plastic additives from polymethyl methacrylate (author's transl)]. PubMed: Incorporation of [1-14C]octadecanol into the lipids of Leishmania donovani. PubMed: Use of 1-octadecanol as an internal standard for plasma lipid quantitation on chromarods. PubMed: [The role of stearyl alcohol in the so-called lanolin allergy]. PubMed: Interfacial oxidation of alpha-tocopherol and the surface properties of its oxidation products. PubMed: Sustained release from inert wax matrixes I: drug-wax combinations. PubMed: Stearyl-alcohol biosynthesis from stearyl-CoA in mouse brain microsomes in normal and dysmyelinating mutants (quaking and jimpy). PubMed: Structure and rheology of cetomacrogol creams: the influence of alcohol chain length and homologue composition. PubMed: Surface phase separation and collapse of the stearate anion--alkaline earth cation complex. PubMed: Drug-biomolecule interactions: interaction of gentamicin with lipid monomolecular films. PubMed: Surface-chemical studies on chlorhexidine and related compounds: II. Interactions with monomolecular-film systems. PubMed: Contact dermatitis from stearyl alcohol in Metosyn (Fluocinonide) Cream. PubMed: Letter: Contact dermatitis from stearyl alcohol and propylene glycol. PubMed: Contact dermatitis from stearyl alcohol and propylene glycol in fluocinonide cream. PubMed: Effect of ionization and cation selectivity on the expansion of stearic acid monolayers. PubMed: Origin of glycerol ethers. Biosynthesis from labeled acetate, stearic acid, stearaldehyde, and stearyl alcohol.