apiole (parsley)
1,3-benzodioxole, 4,7-dimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-
Identification
| Name | apiole (parsley) |
| IUPAC | 4,7-dimethoxy-5-prop-2-enyl-1,3-benzodioxole |
| CAS Number | 523-80-8 |
| EINECS | 208-349-2 |
| FDA UNII | QQ67504PXO |
| Molecular Formula | C12 H14 O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 222.24038000 |
| Nikkaji Number | J6.635D |
| Beilstein | 0195747 |
Regulatory
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 1787 apiole |
Physical Properties
| Appearance | colorless to yellow green clear liquid (est) |
| Assay | 95.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Specific Gravity | 1.12400 to 1.43500 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Pounds per Gallon - (est). | 9.353 to 11.941 |
| Refractive Index | 1.53600 to 1.53800 @ 20.00 °C. |
| Melting Point | 29.00 to 30.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 294.00 to 295.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg, 159.00 to 160.00 °C. @ 10.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.003000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point | 243.00 °F. TCC ( 117.20 °C. ) (est) |
| logP (o/w) | 3.481 (est) |
| Soluble in | alcohol |
| Insoluble in | water |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Strength | low |
| Odor Description | at 100.00 %. |
Safety Information
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | Not determined |
| Dermal Toxicity | subcutaneous-frog LDLo 1515 mg/kg |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements', 'PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE\nLUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES\nBEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)']
Safety in Use
| Category | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for apiole (parsley) usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| Recommendation for apiole (parsley) flavor usage levels up to | not for flavor use. |
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Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
allyl dimethoxymethylene dioxybenzene
1-
allyl-2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylene dioxybenzene
1-
allyl-2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene
5-
allyl-4,7-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol
apiol (parsley)
apioline (parsley)
1,3-
benzodioxole, 4,7-dimethoxy-5-(2-propen-1-yl)-
1,3-
benzodioxole, 4,7-dimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-
4,7-
dimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole
4,7-
dimethoxy-5-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1,3-benzodioxole
4,7-
dimethoxy-5-prop-2-enyl-1,3-benzodioxole
4,7-
dimethoxy-5-prop-2-enyl-2H-benzo[d]1,3-dioxolene
1,2-
methylene dioxy-3,6-dimethoxy-4-allyl benzene
parsley apiol
parsley apiole
parsley camphor
PubMed:
The in vivo antitumor effects on human COLO 205 cancer cells of the 4,7-dimethoxy-5-(2-propen-1-yl)-1,3-benzodioxole (apiole) derivative of 5-substituted 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-l,3-benzodioxole (SY-1) isolated from the fruiting body of Antrodia camphorate.
PubMed:
Age-dependent changes from allylphenol to prenylated benzoic acid production in Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth.
PubMed:
Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Psammogeton canescens.
PubMed:
[Poisoning by apiole. 3. Toxicological studies: Labat reaction and determination with chromotropic acid].
PubMed:
[Poisoning by apiole. II. Histopathological aspects and pathogenetic discussion].
PubMed:
[Quantitative determination of apiole].
PubMed:
Psychotrophic phenylisopropylamines derived from apiole and dillapiole.
PubMed:
Study of the Anti-Proliferative Activity of 5-Substituted 4,7-Dimethoxy-1,3-Benzodioxole Derivatives of SY-1 from Antrodia camphorata on Human COLO 205 Colon Cancer Cells.
PubMed:
Medicinal plants from the genus Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae)--a review of their ethnopharmacology and phytochemistry.
PubMed:
Endemic Balkan parsnip Pastinaca hirsuta: the chemical profile of essential oils, headspace volatiles and extracts.
PubMed:
Critique of medicinal conspicuousness of Parsley(Petroselinum crispum): a culinary herb of Mediterranean region.
PubMed:
Chemical composition of the essential oil of Pituranthos scoparius.
PubMed:
Chemical and biological evaluation of essential oils from two species of Myrtaceae - Eugenia uniflora L. and Plinia trunciflora (O. Berg) Kausel.
PubMed:
Antioxidant capacity and larvicidal and antifungal activities of essential oils and extracts from Piper krukoffii.
PubMed:
Acaricidal activities of apiol and its derivatives from Petroselinum sativum seeds against Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae.
PubMed:
Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Psammogeton canescens.
PubMed:
Antimicrobial activities of essential oil and hexane extract of Florence fennel [Foeniculum vulgare var. azoricum (Mill.) Thell.] against foodborne microorganisms.
PubMed:
Comparative essential oil composition of flowers, leavesand stems of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) used as herb.
PubMed:
Biotransformation of menthol and geraniol by hairy root cultures of Anethum graveolens: effect on growth and volatile components.
PubMed:
Essential oil composition of three Peperomia species from the Amazon, Brazil.
PubMed:
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from the seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (leguminosae).
PubMed:
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Momordica charantia seed essential oil.
PubMed:
Comparative analysis of the oil and supercritical CO2 extract of Ridolfia segetum (L.) Moris.
PubMed:
Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins by phenolic substances in different essential oils varieties.
PubMed:
Compartive study of volatile components and fatty acids of plants and in vitro cultures of parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill) nym ex hill).
PubMed:
Volatile chemical constituents of Piper aduncum L and Piper gibbilimbum C. DC (Piperaceae) from Papua New Guinea.
PubMed:
Dillapiol and Apiol as specific inhibitors of the biosynthesis of aflatoxin G1 in Aspergillus parasiticus.
PubMed:
Plant-derived natural products exhibiting activity against formosan subterranean termites (Coptotermes formosanus).
PubMed:
Enzyme activity in the flesh fly Parasarcophaga dux Thomson influenced by dill compounds, myristicin and apiol.
PubMed:
Toxicological efficacy of some indigenous dill compounds against the flesh fly, Parasarcophaga dux Thomson.
PubMed:
Anaerobic utilization of essential oils by denitrifying bacteria.