aldrithiol

aldrithiol-2 di(2-pyridyl) disulfide 2- dipyridyl disulfide 2,2'- dipyridyl disulfide 2,2'- dipyridyldisulfide 2,2'- disulfanediyldipyridine 2,2'- dithiobispyridine 2,2'- dithiodipyridine 2-( pyridin-2-yldisulfanyl)pyridine 2- pyridin-2-yldisulfanylpyridine pyridine, 2,2'-dithiobis- (9CI) pyridine, 2,2'-dithiodi- (8CI) 2- pyridinyl disulfide bis(2- pyridinyl) disulfide bis(2- pyridyl) disulfide PubMed: Attenuation of pathogenic immune responses during infection with human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) by the tetracycline derivative minocycline. PubMed: Modulation of HIV-1-induced activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells by 6-desfluoroquinolones. PubMed: Third-generation breathing metal-organic framework with selective, stepwise, reversible, and hysteretic adsorption properties. PubMed: Broad and potent cellular and humoral immune responses after a second late HIV-modified vaccinia virus ankara vaccination in HIV-DNA-primed and HIV-modified vaccinia virus Ankara-boosted Swedish vaccinees. PubMed: Identification of labile Zn sites in drug-target proteins. PubMed: Convergent Ca2+ and Zn2+ signaling regulates apoptotic Kv2.1 K+ currents. PubMed: FT-IR, micro-Raman and UV-vis spectroscopic and quantum chemical investigations of free 2,2'-dithiodipyridine and its metal (Co, Cu and Zn) halide complexes. PubMed: Composite blends of gold nanorods and poly(t-butylacrylate) beads as new substrates for SERS. PubMed: Novel chiral derivatization reagents possessing a pyridylthiourea structure for enantiospecific determination of amines and carboxylic acids in high-throughput liquid chromatography and electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry for chiral metabolomics identification. PubMed: Use of RT-defective HIV virions: new tool to evaluate specific response in chronic asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals. PubMed: Generation and characterization of a defective HIV-1 Virus as an immunogen for a therapeutic vaccine. PubMed: Simultaneous determination of DL-lactic acid and DL-3-hydroxybutyric acid enantiomers in saliva of diabetes mellitus patients by high-throughput LC-ESI-MS/MS. PubMed: Dichloridobis(pyridine-2-thiol-ato-κ²N,S)tin(IV): a new polymorph. PubMed: Toxic role of K+ channel oxidation in mammalian brain. PubMed: Production of interferon α by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells is dependent on induction of autophagy. PubMed: Fermentation, fractionation and purification of streptokinase by chemical reduction method. PubMed: S-glutathionylation of troponin I (fast) increases contractile apparatus Ca2+ sensitivity in fast-twitch muscle fibres of rats and humans. PubMed: Hyperforin changes the zinc-storage capacities of brain cells. PubMed: Carbon monoxide protects against oxidant-induced apoptosis via inhibition of Kv2.1. PubMed: Purely heterometallic lanthanide(III) macrocycles through controlled assembly of disulfide bonds for dual color emission. PubMed: Modulation of contractile apparatus Ca2+ sensitivity and disruption of excitation-contraction coupling by S-nitrosoglutathione in rat muscle fibres. PubMed: Toxicity and metabolism of copper pyrithione and its degradation product, 2,2'-dipyridyldisulfide in a marine polychaete. PubMed: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, Janus-faced sentinels: progesterone, guilty or innocent? PubMed: Strong HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte proliferative responses in healthy individuals immunized with an HIV-1 DNA vaccine and boosted with recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara expressing HIV-1 genes. PubMed: HIV-1 impairs in vitro priming of naïve T cells and gives rise to contact-dependent suppressor T cells. PubMed: Simple and practical derivatization procedure for enhanced detection of carboxylic acids in liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. PubMed: Inactivation of respiratory syncytial virus by zinc finger reactive compounds. PubMed: Chloroquine modulates HIV-1-induced plasmacytoid dendritic cell alpha interferon: implication for T-cell activation. PubMed: Tonsillar application of AT-2 SIV affords partial protection against rectal challenge with SIVmac239. PubMed: Suppression of a pro-apoptotic K+ channel as a mechanism for hepatitis C virus persistence. PubMed: Hepatic ischemia induced immediate oxidative stress after reperfusion and determined the severity of the reperfusion-induced damage. PubMed: Thiol protection in membrane protein purifications: a study with phage holins. PubMed: Dendritic cell differentiation and maturation in the presence of HIV type 2 envelope. PubMed: Enhanced antibody responses elicited by a CpG adjuvant do not improve the protective effect of an aldrithiol-2-inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus therapeutic AIDS vaccine. PubMed: Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by metabolites of copper pyrithione (CuPT) and its possible involvement in vertebral deformity of a CuPT-exposed marine teleostean fish. PubMed: Statistical optimization of the silylation reaction of a mercaptosilane with silanol groups on the surface of silica gel. PubMed: In vitro priming recapitulates in vivo HIV-1 specific T cell responses, revealing rapid loss of virus reactive CD4 T cells in acute HIV-1 infection. PubMed: Size-dependence of Fermi energy of gold nanoparticles loaded on titanium(iv) dioxide at photostationary state. PubMed: Dynamics of lipid transfer by phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins in cells. PubMed: Immunotherapy with internally inactivated virus loaded dendritic cells boosts cellular immunity but does not affect feline immunodeficiency virus infection course. PubMed: Oxidation of myofilament protein sulfhydryl groups reduces the contractile force and its Ca2+ sensitivity in human cardiomyocytes. PubMed: Altered oxidant-mediated intraneuronal zinc mobilization in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. PubMed: Exploration of the polar microenvironment around the reactive cysteine in rabbit muscle creatine kinase. PubMed: Pathways utilized by dendritic cells for binding, uptake, processing and presentation of antigens derived from HIV-1. PubMed: Evaluation of aldrithiol-2-inactivated preparations of HIV type 1 subtypes A, B, and D as reagents to monitor T cell responses. PubMed: A dendritic cell-based vaccine for treating HIV infection: background and preliminary results. PubMed: Invariant Thr244 is essential for the efficient acylation step of the non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Streptococcus mutans. PubMed: Rapid determination of histamine and its metabolites in mice hair by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. PubMed: CXCR4 tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 induces an apoptotic cascade in immature infected thymocytes that resembles thymocyte negative selection. PubMed: Releasable luciferin-transporter conjugates: tools for the real-time analysis of cellular uptake and release. PubMed: Mechanistic characterization of the MSDH (methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase) from Bacillus subtilis. PubMed: In vitro proteolysis of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from developing castor oil seeds by an endogenous thiol endopeptidase. PubMed: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 and other activation stimuli are highly effective in triggering alpha interferon and CC chemokine production in circulating plasmacytoid but not myeloid dendritic cells. PubMed: Evidence that the species barrier of human immunodeficiency virus-1 does not extend to uptake by the blood--brain barrier: comparison of mouse and human brain microvessels. PubMed: Thiol-disulphide interchange in tubulin: kinetics and the effect on polymerization. PubMed: Elimination of retroviral infectivity by N-ethylmaleimide with preservation of functional envelope glycoproteins. PubMed: Therapeutic dendritic-cell vaccine for chronic HIV-1 infection. PubMed: Development of reactive thiol-modified monolithic capillaries and in-column surface functionalization by radical addition of a chromatographic ligand for capillary electrochromatography. PubMed: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 induces abnormal maturation and functional alterations of dendritic cells: a novel mechanism for AIDS pathogenesis. PubMed: Direct heterogeneous electron transfer of theophylline oxidase. PubMed: CpG-C immunostimulatory oligodeoxyribonucleotide activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in rhesus macaques to augment the activation of IFN-gamma-secreting simian immunodeficiency virus-specific T cells. PubMed: Noninfectious X4 but not R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions inhibit humoral immune responses in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo. PubMed: Spectroelectrochemical study of heme- and molybdopterin cofactor-containing chicken liver sulphite oxidase. PubMed: Immunodeficiency virus uptake, turnover, and 2-phase transfer in human dendritic cells. PubMed: Presentation of exogenous whole inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus by mature dendritic cells induces CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. PubMed: Potent immune response against HIV-1 and protection from virus challenge in hu-PBL-SCID mice immunized with inactivated virus-pulsed dendritic cells generated in the presence of IFN-alpha. PubMed: Sites, mechanism of action and lack of reversibility of primate lentivirus inactivation by preferential covalent modification of virion internal proteins. PubMed: Determination of homocysteine in human plasma by micellar electrokinetic chromatography and in-capillary detection reaction with 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide. PubMed: [Functionalization of oligonucleotides containing internucleotide phosphoamide bonds]. PubMed: SH oxidation coordinates subunits of rat brain ryanodine receptor channels activated by calcium and ATP. PubMed: Thiol oxidation by 2,2'-dithiodipyridine induced calcium mobilization in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. PubMed: Effects of oxidation and reduction on contractile function in skeletal muscle fibres of the rat. PubMed: Adsorption of 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide on Au/Pt core/shell bimetallic clusters loaded on TiO2: fine control of adsorptivity for organosulfur compounds. PubMed: Therapeutic dendritic-cell vaccine for simian AIDS. PubMed: Design and synthesis of a hydrophilic fluorescent derivatization reagent for carboxylic acids, 4-N-(4-N-aminoethyl)piperazino-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-PZ-NH2), and its application to capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. PubMed: Direct evidence that sulfhydryl groups of Keap1 are the sensors regulating induction of phase 2 enzymes that protect against carcinogens and oxidants. PubMed: Quantitative measurement of fusion of HIV-1 and SIV with cultured cells using photosensitized labeling. PubMed: Infectious and whole inactivated simian immunodeficiency viruses interact similarly with primate dendritic cells (DCs): differential intracellular fate of virions in mature and immature DCs. PubMed: Determination of whole blood cholinesterase in different animal species using specific substrates. PubMed: In vitro human immunodeficiency virus eradication by autologous CD8(+) T cells expanded with inactivated-virus-pulsed dendritic cells. PubMed: A fluorogenic reagent, 4-mercapto-7-methylthio-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole for carboxylic acids, designed by prediction of the fluorescence intensity. PubMed: Biochemical and X-ray crystallographic studies on shikimate kinase: the important structural role of the P-loop lysine. PubMed: p38 activation is required upstream of potassium current enhancement and caspase cleavage in thiol oxidant-induced neuronal apoptosis. PubMed: HIV-1 gp120 stimulates the production of beta-chemokines in human peripheral blood monocytes through a CD4-independent mechanism. PubMed: Solid-state structure and solution behavior of eight-coordinate Sm(III) poly(pyrazolyl)borate compounds. PubMed: Specific thiol determination by micellar electrokinetic chromatography and on-column detection reaction with 2,2'-dipyridyldisulfide. PubMed: Use of whole blood for spectrophotometric determination of cholinesterase activity in dogs. PubMed: Induction of neuronal apoptosis by thiol oxidation: putative role of intracellular zinc release. PubMed: Block of sodium channels by divalent mercury: role of specific cysteinyl residues in the P-loop region. PubMed: Effect of sulfhydryl reagents on the regulatory system of the L-type Ca channel in frog ventricular myocytes. PubMed: Mechanisms of hydrogen peroxide-induced calcium dysregulation in PC12 cells. PubMed: Comparison of different diluents and chromophores for spectrophotometric determination of livestock blood cholinesterase activity. PubMed: Use of dipyridyl-dithio substrates to measure directly the protein disulfide-thiol interchange activity of the auxin stimulated NADH: protein disulfide reductase (NADH oxidase) of soybean plasma membranes. PubMed: 2,2'-Bispyridyl disulfide rapidly induces intramolecular disulfide bonds in peptides. PubMed: Kvbeta1.2 subunit coexpression in HEK293 cells confers O2 sensitivity to kv4.2 but not to Shaker channels. PubMed: Chemical inactivation of retroviral infectivity by targeting nucleocapsid protein zinc fingers: a candidate SIV vaccine. PubMed: CD4(+) T-lymphocyte depletion in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo is not induced by noninfectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions. PubMed: Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infectivity with preservation of conformational and functional integrity of virion surface proteins. PubMed: Screening system for urease inhibitors using 13C-NMR. PubMed: Inhibition of Friend virus replication by a compound that reacts with the nucleocapsid zinc finger: anti-retroviral effect demonstrated in vivo. PubMed: Synthesis of 3'-thioribonucleosides and their incorporation into oligoribonucleotides via phosphoramidite chemistry. PubMed: A classical enzyme active center motif lacks catalytic competence until modulated electrostatically. PubMed: Highly ordered molten globule-like state of ovalbumin at acidic pH: native-like fragmentation by protease and selective modification of Cys367 with dithiodipyridine. PubMed: Stabilising and destabilising modifications of cysteines in the E. coli outer membrane porin protein OmpC. PubMed: Actions of sulfhydryl reagents on single ryanodine receptor Ca(2+)-release channels from sheep myocardium. PubMed: Rapid kinetic studies of SH oxidation-induced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. PubMed: Thiol oxidation by 2,2'-dithiodipyridine causes a reversible increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration in pancreatic beta-cells. Role for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive Ca2+ stores. PubMed: Sensitive analytical method for the novel H1-receptor antagonist HSR-609 in human plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column fluorescent derivatization. PubMed: Thiol oxidation and cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism of CCl4 triggers Ca2+ release from liver microsomes. PubMed: Characterization of intermediates in the oxidation of zinc fingers in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid protein P7. PubMed: Rapid kinetic studies and structural determination of a cysteine proteinase mutant imply that residue 158 in caricain has a major effect upon the ability of the active site histidine to protonate a dipyridyl probe. PubMed: Effects of reducing agents and oxidants on excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle fibres of rat and toad. PubMed: Heavy metals inhibit Pi-induced currents through human brush-border NaPi-3 cotransporter in Xenopus oocytes. PubMed: Effect of anionic surfactant on the reaction of 2,2(1)-dithiobispyridine with bovine oxyhemoglobin as a function of temperature. PubMed: Hepatotoxic effects of SH-reagents in human and rat hepatocyte cultures and in situ perfused rat livers. PubMed: Automated spectrophotometric method using 2,2'-dithiodipyridine acid for determination of cholinesterase in whole blood. PubMed: Characterization of the electrostatic perturbation of a catalytic site (Cys)-S-/(His)-Im+H ion-pair in one type of serine proteinase architecture by kinetic and computational studies on chemically mutated subtilisin variants. PubMed: Characterization of human adenovirus proteinase activity in disrupted virus particles. PubMed: Functional consequences of sulfhydryl modification in the pore-forming subunits of cardiovascular Ca2+ and Na+ channels. PubMed: Human class 1 aldehyde dehydrogenase. Expression and site-directed mutagenesis. PubMed: Enantiospecific determination of ibuprofen in rat plasma using chiral fluorescence derivatization reagent, (-)-2-[4-(1-aminoethyl)phenyl]-6- methoxybenzoxazole. PubMed: Mechanism of cyclosporin A biosynthesis. Evidence for synthesis via a single linear undecapeptide precursor. PubMed: Characterization of the covalent chromatography of thymidylate synthase on thiopropyl-Sepharose 6B. PubMed: Synthesis of bleomycin A5 oligonucleotide derivatives and site-specific cleavage of the DNA target. PubMed: Labeling of cysteine 231 in acetylcholinesterase from Torpedo nobiliana by the active-site directed reagent, 1-bromo-2-[14C] pinacolone. Effects of 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide and other sulfhydryl reagents. PubMed: Ionizable groups linked to the reaction of 2,2'-dithiobispyridine with hemoglobin. PubMed: [Modification of a disulfide in the hinge region of rabbit IgG and study of the interaction of polyvalent ferritin antigen, protein A, and anti-IgG]. PubMed: Evidence for independent molecular identity and functional interaction of the haemagglutinin and cysteine proteinase (gingivain) of Porphyromonas gingivalis. PubMed: Assessment of the relative cytotoxicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis cells, products, and components on human epithelial cell lines. PubMed: Effect of sulfhydryl compounds on ATP-stimulated H+ transport and Cl- uptake in rabbit renal cortical endosomes. PubMed: Reactivity of the essential thiol of Klebsiella aerogenes urease. Effect of pH and ligands on thiol modification. PubMed: Unexpectedly facile synthesis of symmetrical P1,P2-dinucleoside-5'pyrophosphates. PubMed: Changes of polymerization and conformation of hemoglobin S induced by thiol reagents. PubMed: Reactive disulfide compounds induce Ca2+ release from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. PubMed: Reaction between sheep liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase and various thiol-modifying reagents. PubMed: New segment synthesis of alpha-inhibin-92 by the acyl disulfide method. PubMed: Properties of the principal anion-exchange mechanism in human neutrophils. PubMed: Substrate-derived two-protonic-state electrophiles as sensitive kinetic specificity probes for cysteine proteinases. Activation of 2-pyridyl disulphides by hydrogen-bonding. PubMed: Disulfide bond formation between the active-site thiol and one of the several free thiol groups of chymopapain. PubMed: Effects of diethylstilbestrol, 2,2'-dithiodipyridine, and chloral hydrate on the esterase activity of sheep liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase. PubMed: Rat hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase: biochemical properties and comparison to constitutive and xenobiotic-inducible cytochrome P-450 enzymes. PubMed: Purification of cathepsin B by a new form of affinity chromatography. PubMed: Chymopapain A. Purification and investigation by covalent chromatography and characterization by two-protonic-state reactivity-probe kinetics, steady-state kinetics and resonance Raman spectroscopy of some dithioacyl derivatives. PubMed: The effect of 5,5'-dithiobis(1-methyltetrazole) on cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase and its implications for cephalosporin-alcohol reactions. PubMed: Purification and properties of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase type A from human placenta. PubMed: High concentrations of aldehydes slow the reaction of cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase with thiol-group modifiers. PubMed: Abnormal redox status of membrane-protein thiols in sickle erythrocytes. PubMed: Preparation of cathepsins B and H by covalent chromatography and characterization of their catalytic sites by reaction with a thiol-specific two-protonic-state reactivity probe. Kinetic study of cathepsins B and H extending into alkaline media and a rapid spectroscopic titration of cathepsin H at pH 3-4. PubMed: Modification of thiol groups in cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase. PubMed: Reaction of hemerythrin with disulfides. PubMed: The time course of the interaction of sheep liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase with 2,2'- and 4,4'-dithiodipyridine: a comparison with the action of disulfiram. PubMed: Natural structural variation in enzymes as a tool in the study of mechanism exemplified by a comparison of the catalytic-site structure and characteristics of cathepsin B and papain. pH-dependent kinetics of the reactions of cathepsin B from bovine spleen and from rat liver with a thiol-specific two-protonic-state probe (2,2'-dipyridyl disulphide) and with a specific synthetic substrate (N-alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-arginyl-L-arginine 2-naphthylamide). PubMed: Multiple oxidation products of sulfhydryl groups near the active site of thiolase I from porcine heart. PubMed: The thiol groups of the Folch-Pi protein from bovine white matter. Exposure, reactivity and significance. PubMed: The activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase by diethylstilboestrol and 2,2'-dithiodipyridine. PubMed: Characterization of papaya peptidase A as a cysteine proteinase of Carica papaya L. with active-centre properties that differ from those of papain by using 2,2'-dipyridyl disulphide and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan as reactivity probes. Use of two-protonic-state electrophiles in the identification of catalytic-site thiol groups. PubMed: Further studies of the action of disulfiram and 2,2'-dithiodipyridine on the dehydrogenase and esterase activities of sheep liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase. PubMed: Synthesis of macrolide prostaglandin analogs. PubMed: Effect of homogeneous magnetic fields on responses to toxic stimulation in Spirostomum ambiguum. PubMed: A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of hydrogen sulfide with 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide. PubMed: Effects of the reduction and S-carbamidomethylation on the conformation, activity and heparin-binding capacity of human antithrombin III. PubMed: Studies on the effect of reagent and protein charges on reactivity of the beta 93 sulfhydryl group of human hemoglobin using selected mutations. PubMed: Reactivity of the thiol group in human and bovine albumin at pH 3--9, as measured by exchange with 2,2'-dithiodipyridine. PubMed: Reversible activation of rat liver microsomal glutathione S-transferase activity by 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide. PubMed: A kinetic method for the study of solvent environments of thiol groups in proteins involving the use of a pair of isomeric reactivity probes and a differential solvent effect. Investigation of the active centre of ficin by using 2,2'- and 4,4'- dipyridyl disulphides as reactivity probes. PubMed: 2,2'-Dithiodipyridine activates aldehyde dehydrogenase and protects the enzyme against inactivation by disulfiram. PubMed: The modification of cholinesterase activity by 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) included in the coupled spectrophotometric assay. Evidence for a non-catalytic substrate-binding site.