anthraquinone

9,10-dihydro-9,10-diketoanthracene

CAS: 84-65-1 C14 H8 O2 MW: 208.21616000

Identification

Nameanthraquinone
IUPACanthracene-9,10-dione
CAS Number84-65-1
EINECS201-549-0
FDA UNII030MS0JBDO
Molecular FormulaC14 H8 O2
Molecular Weight208.21616000
MDL NumberMFCD00001188
Nikkaji NumberJ294A
Beilstein390030
XlogP33.40 (est)

Regulatory

FDA Mainterm (IAUFC)84-65-1 ; 9,10-ANTHRAQUINONE

Physical Properties

Appearance Yellow crystalline solid (est)
Assay 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed No
Melting Point 286.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 377.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point 365.00 °F. TCC ( 185.00 °C. )
logP (o/w) 3.390
Soluble in water, 3.923 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

No sensory data available

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-mouse LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Dermal Toxicityskin-rat LD50 > 1000 mg/kg
Inhalation Toxicityinhalation-rat LC50 > 1300 mg/m3/4H

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryherbicides / pesticides
Recommendation for anthraquinone usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
Recommendation for anthraquinone flavor usage levels up tonot for flavor use.

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Potential Uses

None Found

Natural Occurrence

not found in nature

Synonyms

anthra-9,10-quinone anthracen-9,10-dione 9,10- anthracendion anthracene-9,10-dione anthracenedione 9,10- anthracenedione anthracenequinone 9,10- anthraquinone 9,10- dihydro-9,10-diketoanthracene 9,10- dihydro-9,10-dioxoanthracene 9,10- dioxoanthracene PubMed: Reconciling sensory cues and varied consequences of avian repellents. PubMed: Synthesis of water-soluble 9,10-anthraquinone analogues with potent cyanobactericidal activity toward the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata. PubMed: Novel derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone are selective algicides against the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata. PubMed: Characterization of natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists from cassia seed and rosemary. PubMed: Functional Significance Of Ultraviolet Feeding Cues In Wild Turkeys. PubMed: Anthraquinones quinizarin and danthron unwind negatively supercoiled DNA and lengthen linear DNA. PubMed: Functional significance of ultraviolet feeding cues in wild turkeys. PubMed: Functional characterization of a veA-dependent polyketide synthase gene in Aspergillus flavus necessary for the synthesis of asparasone, a sclerotium-specific pigment. PubMed: Identification of novel metabolites from Aspergillus flavus by high resolution and multiple stage mass spectrometry. PubMed: Increase in lactate yield by growing Corynebacterium glutamicum in a bioelectrochemical reactor. PubMed: Structure elucidation and chromatographic identification of anthraquinone components of cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) detected in historical objects. PubMed: Anthraquinone Content in Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.). PubMed: Antioxidant polyketide phenolic metabolites from the edible mushroom Cortinarius purpurascens. PubMed: Subchronic toxicity evaluation of anthraquinone in Fischer 344 rats. PubMed: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthraquinones in rhubarbs by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and mass spectrometry. PubMed: Structural and functional analysis of angucycline C-6 ketoreductase LanV involved in landomycin biosynthesis. PubMed: Lentisone, a new phytotoxic anthraquinone produced by Ascochyta lentis, the causal agent of Ascochyta blight in Lens culinaris. PubMed: Inhibitory effects of α-mangostin on mammalian DNA polymerase, topoisomerase, and human cancer cell proliferation. PubMed: Preparative thin-layer chromatographic separation followed by identification of antifungal compound in Cassia laevigata by RP-HPLC and GC-MS. PubMed: Redox mediator enhanced simultaneous decolorization of azo dye and bioelectricity generation in air-cathode microbial fuel cell. PubMed: Potential role of ATP-binding cassette transporters in the intestinal transport of rhein. PubMed: Safety of purified decolorized (low anthraquinone) whole leaf Aloe vera (L) Burm. f. juice in a 3-month drinking water toxicity study in F344 rats. PubMed: Fungal and mycotoxin assessment of dried edible mushroom in Nigeria. PubMed: Anaerobic transformation of DDT related to iron(III) reduction and microbial community structure in paddy soils. PubMed: Inhibition of repair-related DNA polymerases by vitamin Ks, their related quinone derivatives and associated inflammatory activity (Review). PubMed: Conformations and spectroscopic properties of laccaic acid A in the gas phase and in implicit water. PubMed: Anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of bark extracts of Rhamnus alaternus, R. fallax, R. intermedia and R. pumila. PubMed: Enhanced biotransformation of DDTs by an iron- and humic-reducing bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila HS01 upon addition of goethite and anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonic disodium salt (AQDS). PubMed: Mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity of Aloe vera ( Aloe barbadensis Miller) in different growth stages. PubMed: Trapping of p-coumaryl and coniferyl alcohol during soda-anthraquinone treatment: a means of estimating uncondensed β-O-4 structures in native lignin. PubMed: Discovery of a two-component monooxygenase SnoaW/SnoaL2 involved in nogalamycin biosynthesis. PubMed: Assessing the effects of three potential chemical repellents to prevent bird damage to corn seeds and seedlings. PubMed: Effects of an anthraquinone derivative from Rheum officinale Baill, emodin, on airway responses in a murine model of asthma. PubMed: Biostimulation of indigenous microbial communities for anaerobic transformation of pentachlorophenol in paddy soils of southern China. PubMed: Antitumor effects of emodin on LS1034 human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: roles of apoptotic cell death and LS1034 tumor xenografts model. PubMed: Protective effects of emodin against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in cultured human kidney (HEK 293) cells. PubMed: Citreorosein, a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative isolated from Polygoni cuspidati radix, attenuates cyclooxygenase-2-dependent prostaglandin D2 generation by blocking Akt and JNK pathways in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. PubMed: Adaptive kernel independent component analysis and UV spectrometry applied to characterize the procedure for processing prepared rhubarb roots. PubMed: Rhein ameliorates fatty liver disease through negative energy balance, hepatic lipogenic regulation, and immunomodulation in diet-induced obese mice. PubMed: Effect of Aeromonas hydrophila on Reductive Dechlorination of DDTs by Zero-Valent Iron. PubMed: The effect of emodin, an anthraquinone derivative extracted from the roots of Rheum tanguticum, against herpes simplex virus in vitro and in vivo. PubMed: Reconciling sensory cues and varied consequences of avian repellents. PubMed: Influence of carbon source on growth and mycotoxin production by isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from wheat. PubMed: Inactivation of food-borne spoilage and pathogenic micro-organisms on the surface of a photoactive polymer. PubMed: Low pH dye decolorization with ascomycete Lamprospora wrightii laccase. PubMed: Chrysophanol induces necrosis through the production of ROS and alteration of ATP levels in J5 human liver cancer cells. PubMed: Development of a rapid determination of pesticides in coated seeds using a high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detection system. PubMed: Barminomycin, a model for the development of new anthracyclines. PubMed: Fiber length and pulping characteristics of switchgrass, alfalfa stems, hybrid poplar and willow biomasses. PubMed: Biodegradation of anthraquinone dyes by Shewanella sp. NTOU1 under anaerobic conditions. PubMed: Study on the anthraquinones separated from the cultivation of Trichoderma harzianum strain Th-R16 and their biological activity. PubMed: Structure-activity relationships of anthraquinones on the suppression of DNA-binding activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. PubMed: Influence of water activity and temperature on growth and mycotoxin production by isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from wheat. PubMed: Anti-angiogenic effects of rhubarb and its anthraquinone derivatives. PubMed: Inhibitory activities of Cassia tora and its anthraquinone constituents on angiotensin-converting enzyme. PubMed: Purification of recombinant laccase from Trametes versicolor in Pichia methanolica and its use for the decolorization of anthraquinone dye. PubMed: Analysis of acrylamide in a complex matrix of polyacrylamide solutions treated by heat and ultraviolet light. PubMed: New tryptophanase inhibitors: towards prevention of bacterial biofilm formation. PubMed: Plasma, tissue and urinary levels of aloin in rats after the administration of pure aloin. PubMed: Synthesis of water-soluble 9,10-anthraquinone analogues with potent cyanobactericidal activity toward the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata. PubMed: 2-Hydr-oxy-1,6,7,8-tetra-meth-oxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone. PubMed: Final report on the safety assessment of disperse Blue 7. PubMed: Fractionation of flax shives by water and aqueous ammonia treatment in a pressurized low-polarity water extractor. PubMed: Identification of TLC markers and quantification by HPLC-MS of various constituents in noni fruit powder and commercial noni-derived products. PubMed: Aloe-emodin-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells. PubMed: Application of redox mediator to accelerate selenate reduction to elemental selenium by Enterobacter taylorae. PubMed: Photo-irradiation of Aloe vera by UVA--formation of free radicals, singlet oxygen, superoxide, and induction of lipid peroxidation. PubMed: Rumex induratus leaves: interesting dietary source of potential bioactive compounds. PubMed: Anthrasesamones D and E from Sesamum indicum roots. PubMed: Nutritive value, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Struchium sparganophora leaves. PubMed: Induction of extracellular matrix synthesis in normal human fibroblasts by anthraquinone isolated from Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit. PubMed: In vitro sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to anthraquinone and anthrahydroquinone derivatives. PubMed: Synthesis and activity of substituted anthraquinones against a human filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. PubMed: Selective growth-inhibiting effects of compounds identified in Tabebuia impetiginosa inner bark on human intestinal bacteria. PubMed: Lichen palatability depends on investments in herbivore defence. PubMed: Antioxidant phenolic constituents in roots of Rheum officinale and Rubia cordifolia: structure-radical scavenging activity relationships. PubMed: Antigenotoxic properties of Cassia tea (Cassia tora L.): mechanism of action and the influence of roasting process. PubMed: Anthraquinones isolated from Cassia tora (Leguminosae) seed show an antifungal property against phytopathogenic fungi. PubMed: Membrane-related effects underlying the biological activity of the anthraquinones emodin and barbaloin. PubMed: Anthraquinones production, hydrogen peroxide level and antioxidant vitamins in Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures from intermediary and production medium strategies. PubMed: Glucuronidation as a mechanism of intrinsic drug resistance in human colon cancer: reversal of resistance by food additives. PubMed: Anthrasesamones from roots of Sesamum indicum. PubMed: Comparative studies on the delignification of pine kraft-anthraquinone pulp with hydrogen peroxide by binucleus Mn(IV) complex catalysis. PubMed: The contribution of biotic and abiotic processes during azo dye reduction in anaerobic sludge. PubMed: Cynodontin: a fungal metabolite with antifungal properties. PubMed: Protection against Trp-P-2 DNA adduct formation in C57bl6 mice by purpurin is accompanied by induction of cytochrome P450. PubMed: Effects of 9,10 anthraquinone on ruminal fermentation, total-tract digestion, and blood metabolite concentrations in sheep. PubMed: Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1B1, 1A1 and 1A2 by antigenotoxic compounds, purpurin and alizarin. PubMed: Determination of anthraquinone in technical material, formulations, and lettuce by high performance liquid chromatography. PubMed: Antifeedant activity of an anthraquinone aldehyde in Galium aparine L. against Spodoptera litura F. PubMed: Structure of acid-stable carmine. PubMed: Antioxidant activity of chemical components from sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) measured by the oil stability index method. PubMed: Final report on the safety assessment of Acid Violet 43. PubMed: Application of redox mediators to accelerate the transformation of reactive azo dyes in anaerobic bioreactors. PubMed: Preventive effects of anthraquinone food pigments on the DNA damage induced by carcinogens in Drosophila. PubMed: Role of biological antioxidants in benzanthrone toxicity. PubMed: Degradation of phenanthrene and anthracene by cell suspensions of Mycobacterium sp. strain PYR-1. PubMed: Growth and anthraquinone production of Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures in a stirred-tank bioreactor. PubMed: Stabilization of azadirachtin A in neem formulations: effect of some solid carriers, neem oil, and stabilizers. PubMed: Antioxidant effects of extracts from Cassia tora L. prepared under different degrees of roasting on the oxidative damage to biomolecules. PubMed: Protection against the bacterial mutagenicity of heterocyclic amines by purpurin, a natural anthraquinone pigment. PubMed: Occurrence of emodin, chrysophanol and physcion in vegetables, herbs and liquors. Genotoxicity and anti-genotoxicity of the anthraquinones and of the whole plants. PubMed: Genotoxicity of sennosides on the bone marrow cells of mice. PubMed: Inhibition of sulfate reduction to sulfide by 9,10-anthraquinone in in vitro ruminal fermentations. PubMed: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase purified from electric eel. PubMed: Inhibition of the mutagenicity of 2-nitrofluorene, 3-nitrofluoranthene and 1-nitropyrene by flavonoids, coumarins, quinones and other phenolic compounds. PubMed: In vitro antimutagenic effects of anthraquinone aglycones and naphthopyrone glycosides from Cassia tora. PubMed: In vitro inhibition of microbial methane production by 9,10-anthraquinone. PubMed: Alaternin, cassiaside and rubrofusarin gentiobioside, radical scavenging principles from the seeds of Cassia tora on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. PubMed: Toxicity of structurally related anthraquinones and anthrones to mammalian cells in vitro. PubMed: Effect of extraneous supplementation of ascorbic acid on the bio-disposition of benzanthrone in guinea pigs. PubMed: Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by new isolates of white rot fungi. PubMed: Comparative study of the biodisposition of benzanthrone in different rodent species. PubMed: The mutagenic constituents of Rubia tinctorum. PubMed: Interaction of benzanthrone with cytochrome P450: altered patterns of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism in rats. PubMed: Genotoxicity in the hepatocyte/DNA repair test and toxicity to liver mitochondria of 1-hydroxyanthraquinone and several dihydroxyanthraquinones.