chloroacetaldehyde

acetaldehyde, 2-chloro- acetaldehyde, chloro- 2- chloro-1-ethanal 2- chloroacetaldehyde 2- chloroethanal PubMed: Investigation of ifosfamide and chloroacetaldehyde renal toxicity through integration of in vitro liver-kidney microfluidic data and pharmacokinetic-system biology models. PubMed: Nephron Toxicity Profiling via Untargeted Metabolome Analysis Employing a High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based Experimental and Computational Pipeline. PubMed: Occurrence and Comparative Toxicity of Haloacetaldehyde Disinfection Byproducts in Drinking Water. PubMed: 2-Hydrazinobenzothiazole-based etheno-adduct repair protocol (HERP): a method for quantitative determination of direct repair of etheno-bases. PubMed: In situ footprinting of E. coli transcription elongation complex with chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Preactivated oxazaphosphorines designed for isophosphoramide mustard delivery as bulk form or nanoassemblies: synthesis and proof of concept. PubMed: Chemical display of pyrimidine bases flipped out by modification-dependent restriction endonucleases of MspJI and PvuRts1I families. PubMed: The nephrotoxic Ifosfamide-metabolite chloroacetaldehyde interferes with renal extracellular matrix homeostasis. PubMed: Effects of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on DNA damage in human lymphocytes induced by a vinyl chloride metabolite in vitro. PubMed: Transformation efficiency and formation of transformation products during photochemical degradation of TCE and PCE at micromolar concentrations. PubMed: [Classical oxazaphosphorines--metabolism and therapeutic properties--new implications]. PubMed: Chloroacetonitrile and n,2-dichloroacetamide formation from the reaction of chloroacetaldehyde and monochloramine in water. PubMed: Atmospheric chemistry and environmental assessment of inhalational fluroxene. PubMed: Automated platform for sensor-based monitoring and controlled assays of living cells and tissues. PubMed: A novel approach of periodate oxidation coupled with HPLC-FLD for the quantitative determination of 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol in water and vegetable oil. PubMed: Surface-activated chemical ionization-electrospray mass spectrometry in the analysis of urinary thiodiglycolic acid. PubMed: Concurrent modulation of extracellular levels of noradrenaline and cAMP during stress and by anxiogenic- or anxiolytic-like neuropeptides in the prefrontal cortex of awake rats. PubMed: Acrolein and chloroacetaldehyde: an examination of the cell and cell-free biomarkers of toxicity. PubMed: Characterization and application of a newly synthesized 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase. PubMed: Use of precision-cut renal cortical slices in nephrotoxicity studies. PubMed: Investigation of ifosfamide nephrotoxicity induced in a liver-kidney co-culture biochip. PubMed: Determination of cellular aminopropyltransferase activity using precolumn fluorescent etheno-derivatization with high-performance liquid chromatography. PubMed: A sensitive HPLC-based method to quantify adenine nucleotides in primary astrocyte cell cultures. PubMed: Novel AlkB dioxygenases--alternative models for in silico and in vivo studies. PubMed: Sensor-based cell and tissue screening for personalized cancer chemotherapy. PubMed: Involvement of four different intracellular sites in chloroacetaldehyde- induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity. PubMed: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantification of 6-thioguanine in DNA using endogenous guanine as internal standard. PubMed: Identification of 3,N(4)-etheno-5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine in human DNA: a new modified nucleoside which may perturb genome methylation. PubMed: Anticancer activity of stabilized palifosfamide in vivo: schedule effects, oral bioavailability, and enhanced activity with docetaxel and doxorubicin. PubMed: One-pot synthesis of chiral aziridines by a domino reaction by using desulfonylative formation on the N-tosyl imine of chloroacetaldehyde with an asymmetric Mannich reaction as a key step. PubMed: One-pot synthesis of chiral α-substituted β,γ-epoxy aldehyde derivatives through an asymmetric aldol reaction of chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Effects of chloroacetaldehyde in 2-chloroethanol-induced cardiotoxicity. PubMed: The role of AlkB protein in repair of 1,N⁶-ethenoadenine in Escherichia coli cells. PubMed: Furano-1,2-naphthoquinone inhibits EGFR signaling associated with G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 cells. PubMed: Kinetics and mechanism of the atmospheric reactions of atomic chlorine with 1-penten-3-ol and (Z)-2-penten-1-ol: an experimental and theoretical study. PubMed: Comparison of the novel HK-2 human renal proximal tubular cell line with the standard LLC-PK1 cell line in studying drug-induced nephrotoxicity. PubMed: Human base excision repair creates a bias toward -1 frameshift mutations. PubMed: Comparative metabolism of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide in the mouse using UPLC-ESI-QTOFMS-based metabolomics. PubMed: Oxazaphosphorines: new therapeutic strategies for an old class of drugs. PubMed: Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione induces apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: involvement of EGF receptor/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. PubMed: Kinetics and mechanism of chlorine-atom-initiated oxidation of allyl alcohol, 3-buten-2-ol, and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol. PubMed: Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione disrupts Janus kinase-2 and induces apoptosis in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. PubMed: Protective effects of fomepizole on 2-chloroethanol toxicity. PubMed: Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione inactivates EGFR and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. PubMed: Chloroacetaldehyde-induced mutagenesis in Escherichia coli: the role of AlkB protein in repair of 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine and 3,N(4)-alpha-hydroxyethanocytosine. PubMed: Ifosfamide metabolite chloroacetaldehyde inhibits cell proliferation and glucose metabolism without decreasing cellular ATP content in human breast cancer cells MCF-7. PubMed: Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione induces apoptosis and S-phase arrest of MDA-MB-231 cells through JNK and ERK signaling activation. PubMed: Targets of chloroacetaldehyde-induced nephrotoxicity. PubMed: Environmentally relevant parameters affecting PCB degradation: carbon source- and growth phase-mitigated effects of the expression of the biphenyl pathway and associated genes in Burkholderia xenovorans LB400. PubMed: Ifosfamide nephrotoxicity in children: a mechanistic base for pharmacological prevention. PubMed: New ifosfamide analogs designed for lower associated neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity with modified alkylating kinetics leading to enhanced in vitro anticancer activity. PubMed: Detection and quantification of (R) and (S)-dechloroethylifosfamide metabolites in plasma from children by enantioselective LC/MS/MS. PubMed: Structure of the 1,N2-ethenodeoxyguanosine adduct opposite cytosine in duplex DNA: Hoogsteen base pairing at pH 5.2. PubMed: Chiral NHC-catalyzed oxodiene Diels-Alder reactions with alpha-chloroaldehyde bisulfite salts. PubMed: AlkB homologue 2-mediated repair of ethenoadenine lesions in mammalian DNA. PubMed: Engineering a catabolic pathway in plants for the degradation of 1,2-dichloroethane. PubMed: Chemical mapping of cytosines enzymatically flipped out of the DNA helix. PubMed: Determination of leukocyte DNA 6-thioguanine nucleotide levels by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. PubMed: Mechanisms of the ifosfamide-induced inhibition of endocytosis in the rat proximal kidney tubule. PubMed: In vivo mesna and amifostine do not prevent chloroacetaldehyde nephrotoxicity in vitro. PubMed: Occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of regulated and emerging disinfection by-products in drinking water: a review and roadmap for research. PubMed: AlkB influences the chloroacetaldehyde-induced mutation spectra and toxicity in the pSP189 supF shuttle vector. PubMed: Influence of short-term use of dexamethasone on the pharmacokinetics of ifosfamide in patients. PubMed: The effect of N-acetylcysteine on ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity: in vitro studies in renal tubular cells. PubMed: Repression by binding of H-NS within the transcription unit. PubMed: Role of MGMT in protecting against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in cells and animals. PubMed: [14C]bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane: comparative absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion in rats and mice. PubMed: Necrotic pathway in human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cell death induced by chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Mesna or cysteine prevents chloroacetaldehyde-induced cell death of human proximal tubule cells. PubMed: Role of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in protecting from alkylating agent-induced toxicity and mutations in mice. PubMed: Ifosfamide toxicity in cultured proximal renal tubule cells. PubMed: Chloroacetaldehyde as a sulfhydryl reagent: the role of critical thiol groups in ifosfamide nephropathy. PubMed: Coping with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) toxicity: Physiological and genome-wide responses of Burkholderia xenovorans LB400 to PCB-mediated stress. PubMed: Ifosfamide metabolites CAA, 4-OH-Ifo and Ifo-mustard reduce apical phosphate transport by changing NaPi-IIa in OK cells. PubMed: Directed evolution of an industrial biocatalyst: 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate aldolase. PubMed: Ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity: mechanism and prevention. PubMed: Selective alteration of the rate-limiting step in cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase through random mutagenesis. PubMed: Application of biological activated carbon anaerobic reactor for treatment of hazardous chemicals. PubMed: Matrix isolation and theoretical study of the photochemical reaction of CrCl2O2 with chloroethenes. PubMed: Ifosfamide: pharmacokinetic properties for central nervous system metastasis prevention. PubMed: Sequence-specific p53 gene damage by chloroacetaldehyde and its repair kinetics in Escherichia coli. PubMed: Enantioselective metabolism of ifosfamide by the kidney. PubMed: Insights into the hydrogen-abstraction reactions of diol dehydratase: relevance to the catalytic mechanism and suicide inactivation. PubMed: Metabolism and transport of oxazaphosphorines and the clinical implications. PubMed: Site specific synthesis and polymerase bypass of oligonucleotides containing a 6-hydroxy-3,5,6,7-tetrahydro-9H-imidazo[1,2-a]purin-9-one base, an intermediate in the formation of 1,N2-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine. PubMed: Chloroacetaldehyde- and acrolein-induced death of human proximal tubule cells. PubMed: Disturbed Ca2+-signaling by chloroacetaldehyde: a possible cause for chronic ifosfamide nephrotoxicity. PubMed: Polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XPD and DNA damage of workers exposed to vinylchloride monomer. PubMed: AlkB reverses etheno DNA lesions caused by lipid oxidation in vitro and in vivo. PubMed: Synthesis, characterisation and theoretical calculations of 2,6-diaminopurine etheno derivatives. PubMed: Chloroacetaldehyde: mode of antitumor action of the ifosfamide metabolite. PubMed: A tubule cell model for ifosfamide nephrotoxicity. PubMed: Dynamic analysis of metabolic effects of chloroacetaldehyde and cytochalasin B on tumor cells using bioelectronic sensor chips. PubMed: Palladium-catalyzed regioselective arylation of imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazine: synthesis of an alpha 2/3-selective GABA agonist. PubMed: Differential effects of Mg2+ ions on the individual kinetic steps of human cytosolic and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenases. PubMed: Enantioselective metabolism and cytotoxicity of R-ifosfamide and S-ifosfamide by tumor cell-expressed cytochromes P450. PubMed: Cytochrome P450 3A and 2B6 in the developing kidney: implications for ifosfamide nephrotoxicity. PubMed: Mismatch dependent uracil/thymine-DNA glycosylases excise exocyclic hydroxyethano and hydroxypropano cytosine adducts. PubMed: Contribution of CYP3A5 to hepatic and renal ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation. PubMed: Exocyclic DNA lesions stimulate DNA cleavage mediated by human topoisomerase II alpha in vitro and in cultured cells. PubMed: Renal ontogeny of ifosfamide nephrotoxicity. PubMed: Analysis of drug action on tumor cell metabolism using electronic sensor chips. PubMed: DNA damage and mutations produced by chloroacetaldehyde in a CpG-methylated target gene. PubMed: Degradation pathway of 2-chloroethanol in Pseudomonas stutzeri strain JJ under denitrifying conditions. PubMed: Role of mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase in repair of 3,N4-ethenocytosine in vivo. PubMed: Suicide inactivation of dioldehydratase by glycolaldehyde and chloroacetaldehyde: an examination of the reaction mechanism. PubMed: Release of beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide upon stimulation of postganglionic nerve terminals in blood vessels and urinary bladder. PubMed: Dissociation of the ground state vinoxy radical and its photolytic precursor chloroacetaldehyde: electronic nonadiabaticity and the suppression of the H+ketene channel. PubMed: S-Adenosyl methionine/S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine ratio determination by capillary electrophoresis employed as a monitoring tool for the antiviral effectiveness of adenosine analogs. PubMed: Role of nucleotide- and base-excision repair in genotoxin-induced neuronal cell death. PubMed: Activation of the anticancer prodrugs cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide: identification of cytochrome P450 2B enzymes and site-specific mutants with improved enzyme kinetics. PubMed: [Chips instead of mice: cells on bioelectronic sensor-chips as an alternative to animal experiments]. PubMed: Functional cellular assays with multiparametric silicon sensor chips. PubMed: New nucleoside analogs from 2-amino-9-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)purine. PubMed: Renal-tubule metabolism of ifosfamide to the nephrotoxic chloroacetaldehyde: pharmacokinetic modeling for estimation of intracellular levels. PubMed: Cytoprotective and anticancer properties of coenzyme Q versus capsaicin. PubMed: Enzymology of repair of etheno-adducts. PubMed: Neurological toxicity of ifosfamide. PubMed: Pharmacology of ifosfamide. PubMed: Photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide over TiO2. PubMed: Microphysiological testing for chemosensitivity of living tumor cells with multiparametric microsensor chips. PubMed: Comparative toxicity of ifosfamide metabolites and protective effect of mesna and amifostine in cultured renal tubule cells. PubMed: Selective enhancement of ifosfamide-induced toxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. PubMed: Regioselective synthesis of 1,N(2)-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine and its generation in oligomeric DNA. PubMed: Liquid chromatographic assay for the antiviral nucleotide analogue tenofovir in plasma using derivatization with chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Determination of tenofovir in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrofluorimetric detection. PubMed: Multiparametric sensor chips for chemosensitivity testing of sensitive and resistant tumor cells. PubMed: High-performance liquid chromatographic technique for detection of a fluorescent analogue of ADP-ribose in isolated blood vessel preparations. PubMed: Stem cell toxicity of oxazaphosphorine metabolites in comparison to their antileukemic activity. PubMed: Modified guanines representing O(6)-alkylation by the cyclophosphamide metabolites acrolein and chloroacetaldehyde: synthesis, stability, and ab initio studies. PubMed: Toxicity of chloroacetaldehyde is similar in adult and pediatric kidney tubules. PubMed: Analysis of 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine in DNA and in human urine by isotope dilution gas chromatography/negative ion chemical ionization/mass spectrometry. PubMed: Simultaneous determination of six adenyl purines in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence derivatization. PubMed: Modulation of the cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of ifosfamide by ketoconazole and rifampin. PubMed: Determination of pyrimethamine in animal tissue and egg by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. PubMed: Human kidney tubules detoxify chloroacetaldehyde, a presumed nephrotoxic metabolite of ifosfamide. PubMed: Comparison of cancer risk estimates for vinyl chloride using animal and human data with a PBPK model. PubMed: Sensitive gas chromatographic determination of the cyclophosphamide metabolite 2-dechloroethylcyclophosphamide in human plasma. PubMed: 2-Chloroacetaldehyde induces epsilondA DNA adducts in DNA of Raji cells as demonstrated by an improved HPLC-fluorimetry method. PubMed: Selective protection by stably transfected human ALDH3A1 (but not human ALDH1A1) against toxicity of aliphatic aldehydes in V79 cells. PubMed: Evaluation of a fluorogenic derivatization method for the reversed-phase HPLC analysis of 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine, a new anti-AIDS drug. PubMed: Approach to a multiparametric sensor-chip-based tumor chemosensitivity assay. PubMed: Technical Advance: a novel technique for the sensitive quantification of acyl CoA esters from plant tissues. PubMed: Fluorometric determination of 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate, the active metabolite of a new anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug, in human lymphocytes. PubMed: Evidence of renal metabolism of ifosfamide to nephrotoxic metabolites. PubMed: Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the nitrogen mustard bioreductive drug 5. PubMed: Intravenous ifosfamide/mesna is associated with depletion of plasma thiols without depletion of leukocyte glutathione. PubMed: Metabolism of ifosfamide to chloroacetaldehyde contributes to antitumor activity in vivo. PubMed: Improved and simplified liquid chromatographic assay for adefovir, a novel antiviral drug, in human plasma using derivatization with chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Localization of chloroacetaldehyde-induced DNA damage in human p53 gene by DNA polymerase fingerprint analysis. PubMed: Mammalian enzymatic repair of etheno and para-benzoquinone exocyclic adducts derived from the carcinogens vinyl chloride and benzene. PubMed: Thermal destabilization of DNA oligonucleotide duplexes by exocyclic adducts on adenine or cytosine depends on both the base and the size of adduct. PubMed: Detection and quantification of 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine in human placental DNA by mass spectrometry. PubMed: Suspected ifosfamide-induced neurotoxicity. PubMed: Quantification of 5-methylcytosine in DNA by the chloroacetaldehyde reaction. PubMed: The role of the Escherichia coli mug protein in the removal of uracil and 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine from DNA. PubMed: Toxicity of ifosfamide and its metabolite chloroacetaldehyde in cultured renal tubule cells. PubMed: A new passive sampler for regulated workplace aldehydes. PubMed: High-performance liquid chromatographic-fluorescent method to determine chloroacetaldehyde, a neurotoxic metabolite of the anticancer drug ifosfamide, in plasma and in liver microsomal incubations. PubMed: Increased urinary losses of carnitine during ifosfamide chemotherapy. PubMed: Chemical stability and fate of the cytostatic drug ifosfamide and its N-dechloroethylated metabolites in acidic aqueous solutions. PubMed: Monooxygenase-mediated 1,2-dichloroethane degradation by Pseudomonas sp. strain DCA1. PubMed: Ifosfamide-induced stomatocytosis and mesna-induced echinocytosis: influence on biorheological properties of blood. PubMed: Inhibition and stimulation of long-chain fatty acid oxidation by chloroacetaldehyde and methylene blue in rats. PubMed: Metabolic activation of vinyl chloride by rat liver microsomes: low-dose kinetics and involvement of cytochrome P450 2E1. PubMed: In vivo modulation of alternative pathways of P-450-catalyzed cyclophosphamide metabolism: impact on pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity. PubMed: Inhibition of human aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 by the 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide degradation product acrolein. PubMed: Endogenous and exogenous DNA lesions recognized by N-alkylpurine-DNA glycosylases. PubMed: Chloromethyl ketones are insulin-like stimulators of lipid synthesis in locust fat body. PubMed: Genotoxic bifunctional aldehydes produce specific images in the comet assay. PubMed: Sequence-dependent extrusion of a small DNA hairpin at the N4 virion RNA polymerase promoters. PubMed: Determination of ATP and its metabolites released from rat caudal artery by isocratic ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. PubMed: Measurement of adenosine concentration in aqueous and vitreous. PubMed: Modulation of P450-dependent ifosfamide pharmacokinetics: a better understanding of drug activation in vivo. PubMed: Excretion kinetics of ifosfamide side-chain metabolites in children on continuous and short-term infusion. PubMed: Differential cytotoxicity of Ifosfamide and its metabolites in renal epithelial cell cultures. PubMed: Cloning, sequence and expression of a linear plasmid-based and a chromosomal homolog of chloroacetaldehyde dehydrogenase-encoding genes in Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10. PubMed: Toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and in vitro hemodialysis clearance of ifosfamide and metabolites in an anephric pediatric patient with Wilms' tumor. PubMed: Novel substrates of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase-3. 4-dimethylamino-cinnamaldehyde and chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Involvement of glutamate 399 and lysine 192 in the mechanism of human liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. PubMed: Stimulation of respiration by methylene blue in rat liver mitochondria. PubMed: A 13C NMR study of 2-(13)C-chloroacetaldehyde, a metabolite of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide, in the isolated perfused rabbit heart model. Initial observations on its cardiotoxicity and cardiac metabolism. PubMed: Ifosfamide cytotoxicity on human tumor and renal cells: role of chloroacetaldehyde in comparison to 4-hydroxyifosfamide. PubMed: DNA-protein cross-links produced by various chemicals in cultured human lymphoma cells. PubMed: The electrophilic, mutagenic and tumorigenic activities of phenyl and 4-nitrophenyl vinyl ethers and their epoxide metabolites. PubMed: The GST T1 and CYP2E1 genotypes are possible factors causing vinyl chloride induced abnormal liver function. PubMed: Is the white-ivory assay of Drosophila melanogaster a useful tool in genetic toxicology? PubMed: Urinary excretion of ifosfamide, 4-hydroxyifosfamide, 3- and 2-dechloroethylifosfamide, mesna, and dimesna in patients on fractionated intravenous ifosfamide and concomitant mesna therapy. PubMed: Mutagenicity of vinyl chloride and its reactive metabolites, chloroethylene oxide and chloroacetaldehyde, in a metabolically competent human B-lymphoblastoid line. PubMed: Ifosfamide metabolite chloroacetaldehyde causes renal dysfunction in vivo. PubMed: Adenine quantitation in yeast extracts and fermentation media and its relationship to protein expression and cell growth in adenine auxotrophs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PubMed: Inhibition of (mono)amine oxidase activity and prevention of ifosfamide encephalopathy by methylene blue. PubMed: High resolution mapping of E.coli transcription elongation complex in situ reveals protein interactions with the non-transcribed strand. PubMed: 1,N6-ethenodeoxyadenosine, a DNA adduct highly mutagenic in mammalian cells. PubMed: Modulation by acrolein and chloroacetaldehyde of multidrug resistance mediated by the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP). PubMed: TTA.TAA triplet repeats in plasmids form a non-H bonded structure. PubMed: 2-Chloroacetaldehyde-induced cerebral glutathione depletion and neurotoxicity. PubMed: Formation of a combined H-DNA/open TATA box structure in the promoter sequence of the human Na,K-ATPase alpha2 gene. PubMed: Ifosfamide nephrotoxicity: limited influence of metabolism and mode of administration during repeated therapy in paediatrics. PubMed: Characterization by two-endpoint comparisons of the genetic toxicity profiles of vinyl chloride and related etheno-adduct forming carcinogens in Drosophila. PubMed: Adaptation of Pseudomonas sp. GJ1 to 2-bromoethanol caused by overexpression of an NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase with low affinity for halogenated aldehydes. PubMed: Measurement of adenosine by capillary zone electrophoresis with on-column isotachophoretic preconcentration. PubMed: DNA damage: chemistry, repair, and mutagenic potential. PubMed: Characterization of the cytochrome P450 involved in side-chain oxidation of cyclophosphamide in humans. PubMed: Oxidative metabolism of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-alkyl-3- (methylcarbamoyl)triazenes: formation of chloroacetaldehyde and relevance to biological activity. PubMed: Methylene blue and the neurotoxic mechanisms of ifosfamide encephalopathy. PubMed: 1,N6-ethenoadenine and 3,N4-ethenocytosine are excised by separate human DNA glycosylases. PubMed: An intramolecular triplex in the human gamma-globin 5'-flanking region is altered by point mutations associated with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. PubMed: Molecular analysis of mutations induced by 2-chloroacetaldehyde, the ultimate carcinogenic form of vinyl chloride, in human cells using shuttle vectors. PubMed: Detection of mutagen specific adduct formation in DNA using sequencing methodology. PubMed: 4-Chlorothreonine is substrate, mechanistic probe, and mechanism-based inactivator of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. PubMed: Spectrofluorimetric determination of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (cladribine) in human plasma by photochemical reaction and chloroacetaldehyde derivatization. PubMed: Lack of uniformity in the mutational spectra of chlorohydroxyfuranones in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100. PubMed: The benzene metabolite p-benzoquinone forms adducts with DNA bases that are excised by a repair activity from human cells that differs from an ethenoadenine glycosylase. PubMed: Genetic adaptation of bacteria to halogenated aliphatic compounds. PubMed: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of diadenosine 5',5'"-p1,p4-tetraphosphate with precolumn fluorescence derivatization and its application to metabolism study in whole blood. PubMed: Ifosfamide and mesna: effects on the Na/H exchanger activity in renal epithelial cells in culture (LLC-PK1). PubMed: Triple-helix specific ligands stabilize H-DNA conformation. PubMed: The use of 2-hydroperoxytetrahydrofuran as a reagent to sequence cytosine and to probe non-Watson-Crick DNA structures. PubMed: Distortion after monofunctional alkylation by mitomycin C of a dodecamer containing its major binding site. PubMed: Comparison of continuous infusion and bolus administration of ifosfamide in children. PubMed: Enzymatic and chemical probing of an S1 nuclease-sensitive site upstream from the human CFTR gene. PubMed: Determination of adenine nucleotides by fluorescence detection using high-performance liquid chromatography and post-column derivatisation with chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Determination of plasma adenosine by high-performance liquid chromatography with column switching and fluorometric detection. PubMed: Genetics and biochemistry of 1,2-dichloroethane degradation. PubMed: Ifosfamide metabolite chloroacetaldehyde causes Fanconi syndrome in the perfused rat kidney. PubMed: Detection of small quantities of double stranded DNA by enhanced fluorescence of substituted aldehyde modified polydeoxynucleotide-ethidium bromide complexes. PubMed: Ifosfamide and carboplatin combined with 41.8 degrees C whole-body hyperthermia in patients with refractory sarcoma and malignant teratoma. PubMed: Selective determination of adenine-containing compounds by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. PubMed: The induction of adaptive response to alkylating agents in Escherichia coli reduces the frequency of specific C-->T mutations in chloroacetaldehyde-treated M13 glyU phage. PubMed: Chloroacetaldehyde-induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity. Mechanisms for cytoprotection. PubMed: Ifosfamide induced depletion of glutathione in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and protection by mesna. PubMed: Gradual and oriented B-Z transition in 5'-untranscribed region of mouse ribosomal DNA. PubMed: Ifosfamide clinical pharmacokinetics. PubMed: Effects of changing glutamate 487 to lysine in rat and human liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. A model to study human (Oriental type) class 2 aldehyde dehydrogenase. PubMed: Identification of chloroacetaldehyde dehydrogenase involved in 1,2-dichloroethane degradation. PubMed: Toxicity of ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide and their metabolites in renal tubular cells in culture. PubMed: The non-B-DNA structure of d(CA/TG)n differs from that of Z-DNA. PubMed: Monofunctional adducts of platinum(II) produce in DNA a sequence-dependent local denaturation. PubMed: All four known cyclic adducts formed in DNA by the vinyl chloride metabolite chloroacetaldehyde are released by a human DNA glycosylase. PubMed: [Molecular basis of mutagenic activity of vinyl chloride]. PubMed: Molecular mechanisms of chloroacetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. PubMed: Identification of DNA adducts at specific locations by sequencing techniques. PubMed: Effect of ifosfamide metabolites on sodium-dependent phosphate transport in a model of proximal tubular cells (LLC-PK1) in culture. PubMed: Ifosfamide. Patient care management. PubMed: Substrate specificity of rat liver aldehyde dehydrogenase with chloroacetaldehydes. PubMed: The analysis of ifosfamide and its metabolites (review). PubMed: Enhancement of ethidium bromide fluorescence in double-stranded DNA reacted with chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Chloroacetaldehyde-induced mutagenesis in Escherichia coli: specificity of mutations and modulation by induction of the adaptive response to alkylating agents. PubMed: Formation of ethenocarbaldehyde derivatives of adenosine and cytidine in reactions with mucochloric acid. PubMed: Structural polymorphism of homopurine-homopyrimidine sequences at neutral pH. PubMed: Toxicity studies in fertilized zebrafish eggs treated with N-methylamine, N,N-dimethylamine, 2-aminoethanol, isopropylamine, aniline, N-methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, quinone, chloroacetaldehyde, or cyclohexanol. PubMed: Determination of chloroacetaldehyde, a metabolite of oxazaphosphorine cytostatic drugs, in plasma. PubMed: Simultaneous determination of nerve-induced adenine nucleotides and nucleosides released from rabbit pulmonary artery. PubMed: Vinyl carbamate epoxide, a major strong electrophilic, mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolite of vinyl carbamate and ethyl carbamate (urethane). PubMed: Conformational junctions between left-handed DNA in (dA-dT)16 and contiguous B-DNA in a supercoiled plasmid contain chemically reactive bases. PubMed: Development of monoclonal antibodies specific for 1,N2-ethenodeoxyguanosine and N2,3-ethenodeoxyguanosine and their use for quantitation of adducts in G12 cells exposed to chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Ifosfamide, mesna, and nephrotoxicity in children. PubMed: Comparative pharmacokinetics of ifosfamide, 4-hydroxyifosfamide, chloroacetaldehyde, and 2- and 3-dechloroethylifosfamide in patients on fractionated intravenous ifosfamide therapy. PubMed: 32P-postlabelling methods for cyclic DNA adducts. PubMed: Gas chromatographic determination of 2- and 3-dechloroethylifosfamide in plasma and urine. PubMed: Fluorometric quantitation of adenosine concentration in small samples of extracellular fluid. PubMed: Transcriptionally driven cruciform formation in vivo. PubMed: The enigma of ifosfamide encephalopathy. PubMed: Inhibition of sodium-dependent transport systems in LLC-PK1 cells by metabolites of ifosfamide. PubMed: Release of N2,3-ethenoguanine from chloroacetaldehyde-treated DNA by Escherichia coli 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II. PubMed: 1,N2-ethenodeoxyguanosine: properties and formation in chloroacetaldehyde-treated polynucleotides and DNA. PubMed: Hepatocarcinogenicity of chloral hydrate, 2-chloroacetaldehyde, and dichloroacetic acid in the male B6C3F1 mouse. PubMed: Utilization of glutathione during 1,2-dihaloethane metabolism in rat hepatocytes. PubMed: Acyclic adenine nucleoside phosphonates in plasma determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. PubMed: Intramolecular dG.dG.dC triplex detected in Escherichia coli cells. PubMed: Roles of the vinyl chloride oxidation products 1-chlorooxirane and 2-chloroacetaldehyde in the in vitro formation of etheno adducts of nucleic acid bases [corrected]. PubMed: Analysis of DNA strand breaks induced in rodent liver in vivo, hepatocytes in primary culture, and a human cell line by chlorinated acetic acids and chlorinated acetaldehydes. PubMed: H-DNA and Z-DNA in the mouse c-Ki-ras promoter. PubMed: Determination of 9-[(2-phosphonylmethoxy)ethyl]adenine in rat urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. PubMed: Cross-adaptive response in Escherichia coli caused by pretreatment with H2O2 against formaldehyde and other aldehyde compounds. PubMed: Determination of urinary 2- and 3-dechloroethylated metabolites of ifosfamide by high-performance liquid chromatography. PubMed: Mechanisms of mutagenesis by exocyclic DNA adducts. Construction and in vitro template characteristics of an oligonucleotide bearing a single site-specific ethenocytosine. PubMed: A sensitive fluorescence assay for quantitation of fludarabine and metabolites in biological fluids. PubMed: Detection of triple-helix related structures adopted by poly(dG)-poly(dC) sequences in supercoiled plasmid DNA. PubMed: Involvement of a large plasmid in the degradation of 1,2-dichloroethane by Xanthobacter autotrophicus. PubMed: Improved high-pressure liquid chromatographic-fluorometric assay for measurement of adenosine in plasma. PubMed: Evidence for the mutagenic potential of the vinyl chloride induced adduct, N2, 3-etheno-deoxyguanosine, using a site-directed kinetic assay. PubMed: Formation of (dA-dT)n cruciforms in Escherichia coli cells under different environmental conditions. PubMed: Di(1,N6-ethenoadenosine)5', 5'''-P1,P4-tetraphosphate, a fluorescent enzymatically active derivative of Ap4A. PubMed: Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ifosfamide. PubMed: Torsional stress stabilizes extended base unpairing in suppressor sites flanking immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer. PubMed: Derivatization-liquid chromatographic assay of chloroacetaldehyde in biological samples. PubMed: Distortions induced in double-stranded oligonucleotides by the binding of cis- or trans-diammine-dichloroplatinum(II) to the d(GTG) sequence. PubMed: 2-Chloroacetaldehyde and 2-chloroacetal are potent inhibitors of DNA synthesis in animal cells. PubMed: Chloroacetaldehyde is a powerful inducer of mitotic aneuploidy in Aspergillus nidulans. PubMed: Formation of N2,3-ethanoguanine in DNA after in vitro treatment with the therapeutic agent, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosourea. PubMed: Influence of beta-adrenergic stimulation and contraction frequency on rat heart interstitial adenosine. PubMed: Mechanisms of mutagenesis by the vinyl chloride metabolite chloroacetaldehyde. Effect of gene-targeted in vitro adduction of M13 DNA on DNA template activity in vivo and in vitro. PubMed: Nucleophilic selectivity and reaction kinetics of chloroethylene oxide assessed by the 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine assay and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. PubMed: Comparison of mutagenic activities of several peroxyacyl nitrates. PubMed: Nucleophilic selectivity as a determinant of carcinogenic potency (TD50) in rodents: a comparison of mono- and bi-functional alkylating agents and vinyl chloride metabolites. PubMed: Non-B DNA structure: preferential target for the chemical carcinogen glycidaldehyde. 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Stable intermediates, kinetics and selectivity of the reaction. PubMed: Mutagenicity of halogenated alkanes and their derivatives. PubMed: A correlation between the secondary structure of DNA and the reactivity of adenine residues with chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: [Mechanism of the reaction of adenosine-5'-phosphate with chloroacetaldehyde]. PubMed: Induction of gene mutations and gene conversions by vinyl chloride metabolites in yeast. PubMed: Location of accessible bases in Escherichia coli formylmethionine transfer RNA as determined by chemical modification. PubMed: Mutagenicity and metabolism of vinyl chloride and related compounds. PubMed: Vinyl chloride mutagenicity via the metabolites chlorooxirane and chloroacetaldehyde monomer hydrate. PubMed: The mutagenicity of chloroethylene oxide, chloroacetaldehyde, 2-chloroethanol and chloroacetic acid, conceivable metabolites of vinyl chloride. PubMed: Microsomal metabolism of triazenylimidazoles. 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The hyperfine structure of proposed radical intermediates derived from isotopic substitution in 2-chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: A simple fluorimetric microassay for adenine compounds in platelets and plasma and its application to studies on the platelet release reaction. PubMed: Flavin 1, N 6 -ethenoadenine dinucleotide: dynamic and static quenching of fluorescence. PubMed: Physical studies of chloroacetaldehyde labelled fluorescent DNA. PubMed: A fluorescent analog of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. PubMed: Studies on the mechanism of action of coenzyme B 12 . The formation of 5'-deoxyadenosine and B 12(r) in the reaction of dioldehydrase with chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: Toxicity profile of chloroacetaldehyde. PubMed: [Chemical resistance of certain materials in media containing chloroacetaldehyde, trichloroethane, hydrochloric acid, and chloroacetic acid].