picrotoxin

picrotin, compound with picrotoxinin (1:1)

CAS: 124-87-8 C30 H34 O13 MW: 602.59058000

Identification

Namepicrotoxin
CAS Number124-87-8
EINECS204-716-6
FDA UNIIZLT174DL7U
Molecular FormulaC30 H34 O13
Molecular Weight602.59058000
MDL NumberMFCD00074824
Beilstein3894406

Regulatory

Physical Properties

Appearance colorless crystals (est)
Assay 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed No
Melting Point 200.00 to 202.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
Soluble in water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

No sensory data available

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
Oral/Parenteral ToxicityNot determined
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categorynatural substances and extractives
Recommendation for picrotoxin usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
Recommendation for picrotoxin flavor usage levels up tonot for flavor use.

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Potential Uses

None Found

Natural Occurrence

anamirta cocculus fruit

Synonyms

picrotin, compound with picrotoxinin (1:1) picrotoxinin - picrotin picrotoxinin, compd. with picrotin (1:1) picrotoxinum PubMed: Infralimbic cortex controls core body temperature in a histamine dependent manner. PubMed: Linking γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor to epidermal growth factor receptor pathways activation in human prostate cancer. PubMed: The role of glutamatergic and GABAergic systems on serotonin- induced feeding behavior in chicken. PubMed: p-Coumaric acid activates the GABA-A receptor in vitro and is orally anxiolytic in vivo. PubMed: A bitter-sweet tale from the land of milk and honey. PubMed: Ethanol-mediated facilitation of AMPA receptor function in the dorsomedial striatum: implications for alcohol drinking behavior. PubMed: Neuropeptide Y-induced feeding is dependent on GABAA receptors in neonatal chicks. PubMed: Inhibition of deprivation-induced food intake by GABA(A) antagonists: roles of the hypothalamic, endocrine and alimentary mechanisms. PubMed: The role of GABAergic system on the inhibitory effect of ghrelin on food intake in neonatal chicks. PubMed: Fasting activation of AgRP neurons requires NMDA receptors and involves spinogenesis and increased excitatory tone. PubMed: Depressive effects on the central nervous system and underlying mechanism of the enzymatic extract and its phlorotannin-rich fraction from Ecklonia cava edible brown seaweed. PubMed: Anticonvulsant activity of ethanol leaf extract of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv (Bignoniaceae). PubMed: Odor-evoked neural oscillations in Drosophila are mediated by widely branching interneurons. PubMed: The tuberal lateral hypothalamus is a major target for GABAA--but not GABAB-mediated control of food intake. PubMed: GABA(A) receptors in the lateral hypothalamus as mediators of satiety and body weight regulation. PubMed: Stability of picrotoxin during yogurt manufacture and storage. PubMed: A substance in broad beans (Vicia faba) is protective against experimentally induced convulsions in mice. PubMed: Contribution of ventral tegmental GABA receptors to cocaine self-administration in rats. PubMed: Glucagon-like peptide 1 stimulates hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin neurons. PubMed: An operant determination of the behavioral mechanism of benzodiazepine enhancement of food intake. PubMed: The neurotransmitters glycine and GABA stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 release from the GLUTag cell line. PubMed: Effects of sodium valproate on synaptic plasticity in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus. PubMed: Effects of maternal exposure to picrotoxin during lactation on physical and reflex development, square crossing and sexual behavior of rat offspring. PubMed: Central pipecolic acid increases food intake under ad libitum feeding conditions in the neonatal chick. PubMed: Intracerebroventricular administration of GABA-A and GABA-B receptor antagonists attenuate feeding and sleeping-like behavior induced by L-pipecolic acid in neonatal chicks. PubMed: Selective blockade of drug-induced place preference conditioning by ACPC, a functional NDMA-receptor antagonist. PubMed: Delayed impairment of response extinction after single seizures induced by picrotoxin. PubMed: NOESY on neurotoxins: NMR and conformational assignments of picrotoxins. PubMed: Injections of D-amphetamine into the ventral pallidum increase locomotor activity and responding for conditioned reward: a comparison with injections into the nucleus accumbens. PubMed: The role of GABA-A and mitochondrial diazepam-binding inhibitor receptors on the effects of neurosteroids on food intake in mice. PubMed: Bidirectional modulation of sweet and bitter taste by chlordiazepoxide and Ro 15-4513: lack of effect with GABA drugs. PubMed: The hyperphagic effect of 3 alpha-hydroxylated pregnane steroids in male rats. PubMed: Changes in GABAA receptor function and cross-tolerance to ethanol in diazepam-dependent rats. PubMed: Failure of CCK receptor ligands to modify anxiety-related behavioural suppression in an operant conflict paradigm in rats. PubMed: [Changes in GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor complex function in the pentobarbital-dependent rat]. PubMed: Effects of competitive and noncompetitive GABA(A) antagonists on the acquisition of a discrimination in squirrel monkeys. PubMed: The action of ANP, BNP and related peptides on motivated behavior in rats. PubMed: Behavioural and biochemical changes produced by repeated oral administration of the insecticide endosulfan in immature rats. PubMed: Pharmacological specificity of N-methyl-D-aspartate discrimination in rats. PubMed: Interaction of taurine and related compounds with GABAergic neurones in the nucleus raphe dorsalis. PubMed: Effects of convulsant ligands of the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex in conflict and learning tasks in mice. PubMed: Induction of food intake by a GABAergic mechanism in the turkey. PubMed: GABA-related feeding control in genetically obese rats. PubMed: Hoffmann reflex from foreleg flexor nerves in cats: lateralization, picrotoxin, strychnine, crossed flexor reflex. PubMed: The contribution of basal forebrain to limbic-motor integration and the mediation of motivation to action. PubMed: Safety signal withdrawal: a behavioural paradigm sensitive to both "anxiolytic" and "anxiogenic" drugs under identical experimental conditions. PubMed: Behavioral correlates of a progressive dysfunctioning of the deeper layers of the colliculus superior: effects of picrotoxin. PubMed: Electrical activity and feeding correlates of intracranial hypothalamic injection of GABA, muscimol and picrotoxin in the rats. PubMed: The pentylenetetrazol-like interoceptive stimulus produced by ethanol withdrawal is potentiated by bicuculline and picrotoxinin. PubMed: Food intake suppressant effect of baclofen in rats. PubMed: Effects of naloxone and picrotoxin on diazepam- or pentobarbital-induced hyperphagia in nondeprived rats. PubMed: A new sensitive method which unlike the Vogel test detects the anxiolytic effect of tofisopam. PubMed: [Effect of activation and blockade of the GABA-ergic system of the substantia nigra in the midbrain on the realization of conditioned food reflexes in dogs]. PubMed: Midazolam cue in rats: effects of drugs acting on GABA and 5-hydroxytryptamine systems, anticonvulsants and sedatives. PubMed: Microgram doses of diazepam do not induce proconvulsant or proconflict effects in rodents. PubMed: GABAergic neurotransmission within the reticular part of the substantia nigra (SNR): role for switching motor patterns and performance of movements. PubMed: Midazolam cue in rats: effects of Ro 15-1788 and picrotoxin. PubMed: The effects of compounds related to gamma-aminobutyrate and benzodiazepine receptors on behavioural responses to anxiogenic stimuli in the rat: extinction and successive discrimination. PubMed: Effects of valproate on hyponeophagia in rats: competitive antagonism with picrotoxin and non-competitive antagonism with RO 15-1788. PubMed: Midazolam cue in rats: generalization tests with anxiolytic and other drugs. PubMed: Behavioural pharmacology of food, water and salt intake in relation to drug actions at benzodiazepine receptors. PubMed: Comparison of the effects of naloxone and picrotoxin on schedule-controlled responding in the pigeon: possible GABA-antagonistic effects of naloxone. PubMed: Inhibition of insulin hyperphagia by gamma aminobutyric acid antagonists in rats. PubMed: Role of training dose in discrimination of nicotine and related compounds by rats. PubMed: Chlordiazepoxide-induced hyperphagia in rats: lack of effect of GABA agonists and antagonists. PubMed: Gabaergic modulation of mouse-killing in the rat. PubMed: Involvement of GABA in palate morphogenesis and its relation to diazepam teratogenesis in two mouse strains. PubMed: [Effect of stimulation of GABA-ergic structures of the substantia nigra and caudate nucleus on food-getting behavior in the cat]. PubMed: Pharmacological manipulation of sincalide (CCK-8)-induced suppression of feeding. PubMed: [Effect of central effective substances on alcohol preference]. PubMed: Further characterization of the anorexic action of orally-administered THIP, a GABA-analogue, in the rat. PubMed: Effects of diazepam and picrotoxin on hyponeophagia in rats. PubMed: Actions of clonidine on convulsions and behaviour. PubMed: Decreased convulsant potency of picrotoxin and pentetrazol and enhanced [3H]flunitrazepam cortical binding following stressful manipulations in rats. PubMed: GABA in the ventral tegmental area: differential regional effects on locomotion, aggression and food intake after microinjection of GABA agonists and antagonists. PubMed: Electroencephalographic correlates of audiogenic seizures during ethanol withdrawal in mice. PubMed: Interaction between the activity of an epileptic focus and discrete skilled movements in rats. PubMed: Combined effect of drug and drive on the consolidation process. PubMed: Time-dependent processes in memory storage.