zirconium dioxide

C.I. pigment white 12 dioxozirconium pigment white 12 zirconium oxide (ZrO2) zirconium white zirconium, dioxo- zirconium(IV) oxide PubMed: Application of zirconium dioxide nanoparticle sorbent for the clean-up step in post-harvest pesticide residue analysis. PubMed: Effect of air-abrasion regimens and fine diamond bur grinding on flexural strength, Weibull modulus and phase transformation of zirconium dioxide. PubMed: [Determination of 32 sulfonylurea herbicide residues in sweet corns and green soybeans by QuEChERS-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. PubMed: New functional and aesthetic composite materials used as an alternative to traditional post materials for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth. PubMed: A Method for Quantitative Phase Analysis of Nanocrystalline Zirconium Dioxide Polymorphs. PubMed: Adhesive strength of bone-implant interfaces and in-vivo degradation of PHB composites for load-bearing applications. PubMed: [Augmentation with PMMA cement]. PubMed: Two-step dispersive-solid phase extraction strategy for pesticide multiresidue analysis in a chlorophyll-containing matrix by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. PubMed: Application of HPLC-DAD after SPE/QuEChERS with ZrO2-based sorbent in d-SPE clean-up step for pesticide analysis in edible oils. PubMed: Accelerated Sorption Diffusion for Cu(II) Retention by Anchorage of Nano-zirconium Dioxide onto Highly charged Polystyrene Material. PubMed: Fracture resistance and failure mode of posterior fixed dental prostheses fabricated with two zirconia CAD/CAM systems. PubMed: Effect of 10 different TiO2 and ZrO2 (nano)materials on the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus. PubMed: Three-dimensional finite element analysis of stress distribution of two-retainer and single-retainer all-ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial dentures. PubMed: Microscopical and chemical surface characterization of CAD/CAM zircona abutments after different cleaning procedures. A qualitative analysis. PubMed: A prospective clinical study to evaluate the performance of zirconium dioxide dental implants in single-tooth gaps. PubMed: A prospective evaluation of zirconia anterior partial fixed dental prostheses: Clinical results after seven years. PubMed: Stimulating angiogenesis mitigates the unloading-induced reduction in osteogenesis in early-stage bone repair in rats. PubMed: Nature of charge transport and p-electron ferromagnetism in nitrogen-doped ZrO2: an ab initio perspective. PubMed: Controllable construction of titanium dioxide-zirconium dioxide@zinc hydroxyfluoride networks in micro-capillaries for bio-analysis. PubMed: Strain-tunable one dimensional photonic crystals based on zirconium dioxide/slide-ring elastomer nanocomposites for mechanochromic sensing. PubMed: Effect of zirconium dioxide nanoparticles on glutathione peroxidase enzyme in PC12 and n2a cell lines. PubMed: Effect of Tooth-Colored Restorative Materials on Reliability of Heat-Pressed Lithium Disilicate. PubMed: Analysis of vector models in quantification of artifacts produced by standard prosthetic inlays in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)--a preliminary study. PubMed: Synthesis of antimicrobial Nisin-phosphorylated soybean protein isolate/poly(L-lactic acid)/ZrO2 membranes. PubMed: In vitro assessment of artifacts induced by titanium, titanium-zirconium and zirconium dioxide implants in cone-beam computed tomography. PubMed: Highly sensitive potassium-doped polypyrrole/carbon nanotube-based enzyme field effect transistor (ENFET) for cholesterol detection. PubMed: Solid-phase zirconium and fluoride species in alkaline zircaloy cladding waste at Hanford. PubMed: Composite inorganic membranes containing nanoparticles of hydrated zirconium dioxide for electrodialytic separation. PubMed: Effect of different cleaning regimens on the adhesion of resin to saliva-contaminated ceramics. PubMed: [Advantages and disadvantages of applying yttrium stabilized zirconium-dioxide post and core restorations]. PubMed: Dental ceramics: a current review. PubMed: Contrast ratio of six zirconia-based dental ceramics. PubMed: [Zirconium or zirconium oxide/zirconium dioxide?]. PubMed: Mechanical fatigue degradation of ceramics versus resin composites for dental restorations. PubMed: Zirconia enriched dental adhesive: a solution for OCT contrast enhancement. Demonstrative study by synchrotron radiation microtomography. PubMed: Cerium-Doped Zirconium Dioxide, a Visible-Light-Sensitive Photoactive Material of Third Generation. PubMed: Reinforcement of denture base PMMA with ZrO(2) nanotubes. PubMed: Trace determination of primary nerve agent degradation products in aqueous soil extracts by on-line solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry using ZrO2 for enrichment. PubMed: Marginal adaptation of zirconium dioxide copings: influence of the CAD/CAM system and the finish line design. PubMed: Hybrid gate dielectric materials for unconventional electronic circuitry. PubMed: [Preparation and application of solid phase extraction packing of zirconia microsphere coated with sulfonated crosslinked polystyrene]. PubMed: Solution processable high dielectric constant nanocomposites based on ZrO2 nanoparticles for flexible organic transistors. PubMed: Pre-fabricated zirconium dioxide implant abutments for single-tooth replacement in the posterior region: success and failure after 3 years of function. PubMed: Evaluation of zirconium dioxide-based sorbents to decrease the matrix effect in avocado and almond multiresidue pesticide analysis followed by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. PubMed: Human epithelial tissue culture study on restorative materials. PubMed: The influence of different radiopacifying agents on the radiopacity, compressive strength, setting time, and porosity of Portland cement. PubMed: A new adsorbent for boron removal from aqueous solutions. PubMed: Induction of altered mRNA expression profiles caused by fibrous and granular dust. PubMed: Clinical outcome of single porcelain-fused-to-zirconium dioxide crowns: a systematic review. PubMed: Long term water storage deteriorates bonding of composite resin to alumina and zirconia short communication. PubMed: Strain effects on oxygen transport in tetragonal zirconium dioxide. PubMed: MRNA and miRNA expression patterns associated to pathways linked to metal mixture health effects. PubMed: Solubility and strength of zirconia-based dental materials after artificial aging. PubMed: In vitro precision of fit of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing titanium and zirconium dioxide bars. PubMed: All-ceramic prosthetic rehabilitation of a worn dentition: Use of a distal cantilever. Two-year follow-up. PubMed: Fabrication of ceramic microspheres by diffusion-induced sol-gel reaction in double emulsions. PubMed: Fracture strength of monolithic all-ceramic crowns made of high translucent yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium dioxide compared to porcelain-veneered crowns and lithium disilicate crowns. PubMed: Subtraction micro-computed tomography of angiogenesis and osteogenesis during bone repair using synchrotron radiation with a novel contrast agent. PubMed: [New bipolar electrosurgical tools based on zirconium dioxide]. PubMed: Durability of bond between an indirect composite veneering material and zirconium dioxide ceramics. PubMed: Impact of yttria stabilization on Tb3+ intra-shell luminescence efficiency in zirconium dioxide nanopowders. PubMed: Influence of dental materials on dental MRI. PubMed: Fracture toughness of yttria-stabilized zirconia sintered in conventional and microwave ovens. PubMed: A differential pressure laminar flow reactor supports osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix formation from adipose mesenchymal stem cells in a macroporous ceramic scaffold. PubMed: A zirconium dioxide ammonia microsensor integrated with a readout circuit manufactured using the 0.18 μm CMOS process. PubMed: Wear characteristics of current aesthetic dental restorative CAD/CAM materials: two-body wear, gloss retention, roughness and Martens hardness. PubMed: [Study on the method of nanometer-size zirconium dioxide enrichment separation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry determination of trace barium(II) in water]. PubMed: Fracture strength of yttria-stabilized zirconium-dioxide (Y-TZP) fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) with different abutment core thicknesses and connector dimensions. PubMed: Investigation of biomaterials by human epithelial gingiva cells: an in vitro study. PubMed: ZrO₂ surface chemically coated with hyaluronic acid hydrogel loading GDF-5 for osteogenesis in dentistry. PubMed: Electrochemical response of carbon paste electrode modified with mixture of titanium dioxide/zirconium dioxide in the detection of heavy metals: lead and cadmium. PubMed: New on-line methods for determining the deuterium/hydrogen composition of water and hydrocarbon gases using O(2-) ion-conducting solid electrolyte reactor. PubMed: Clinical efficacy of veneered zirconium dioxide-based posterior partial fixed dental prostheses: five-year results. PubMed: Characterization and analysis of migration patterns of dentospheres derived from periodontal tissue and the palate. PubMed: Precision of fit of implant-supported screw-retained 10-unit computer-aided-designed and computer-aided-manufactured frameworks made from zirconium dioxide and titanium: an in vitro study. PubMed: In-situ enrichment of phosphopeptides on MALDI plates modified by ambient ion landing. PubMed: Radioactive potential of zirconium-dioxide used for dental applications. PubMed: Effect of ZrO2 addition on the mechanical properties of porous TiO2 bone scaffolds. PubMed: Impact of abutment material and dis-/re-connection on soft and hard tissue changes at implants with platform-switching. PubMed: Changes in retention force with electroplated copings on conical crowns: a comparison of gold and zirconia primary crowns. PubMed: ZrO2 thin-film-based sapphire fiber temperature sensor. PubMed: Tooth discolouration: staining effects of various sealers and medicaments. PubMed: The use of slow heating and slow cooling regimens to strengthen porcelain fused to zirconia. PubMed: Comparison of the marginal adaptation of zirconium dioxide crowns in preparations with two different finish lines. PubMed: Multiple electron injection dynamics in linearly-linked two dye co-sensitized nanocrystalline metal oxide electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. PubMed: Highly confined surface imaging by solid immersion total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. PubMed: Bonding of resin-based luting cements to zirconia with and without the use of ceramic priming agents. PubMed: Impaction-modified densely sintered yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconium dioxide: methodology, surface structure, and bond strength. PubMed: Zirconium arsenate-modified magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and application to the enrichment of phosphopeptides. PubMed: Characterization and optimization of β-galactosidase immobilization process on a mixed-matrix membrane. PubMed: [Restoration of profound tooth damage caused by intrinsic erosion, with porcelain crowns. A case report]. PubMed: Three-dimensional finite element analysis of titanium and yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide abutments and implants. PubMed: Direct electron transfer of hemoglobin in a biocompatible electrochemical system based on zirconium dioxide nanotubes and ionic liquid. PubMed: Synthesis of novel oxide layers on titanium by combination of sputter deposition and micro-arc oxidation techniques. PubMed: Mechanical effects, antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity of usnic acid as a biofilm prophylaxis in PMMA. PubMed: The visible spectrum of zirconium dioxide, ZrO2. PubMed: Effects of sintering temperature and particle size on the translucency of zirconium dioxide dental ceramic. PubMed: Zirconium dioxide based dental restorations. Studies on clinical performance and fracture behaviour. PubMed: Removal of arsenic and methylene blue from water by granular activated carbon media impregnated with zirconium dioxide nanoparticles. PubMed: Solid-state electrolyte sensors for rebreather applications: a preliminary investigation. PubMed: The effect of different power outputs of carbon dioxide laser on bonding between zirconia ceramic surface and resin cement. PubMed: Carbon nanotube-zirconium dioxide hybrid for defluoridation of water. PubMed: Laser ultrasonics detection of an embedded crack in a composite spherical particle. PubMed: In vivo comparative biokinetics and biocompatibility of titanium and zirconium microparticles. PubMed: Lanthanum cobaltite perovskite supported onto mesoporous zirconium dioxide: nature of active sites of VOC oxidation. PubMed: Synthesis of zirconium dioxide by ultrasound assisted precipitation: effect of calcination temperature. PubMed: The effects of cyclic loading and preparation on the fracture strength of zirconium-dioxide implants: an in vitro investigation. PubMed: Colloidal and chemical aspects of nanosized hydrated zirconium dioxide synthesized via a sol-gel process. PubMed: Applicability of zirconia dental prostheses for metal allergy patients. PubMed: Effect of cooling rate on shear bond strength of veneering porcelain to a zirconia ceramic material. PubMed: Current status of zirconia-based fixed restorations. PubMed: The effect of surface treatment on bond strength of layering porcelain and hybrid composite bonded to zirconium dioxide ceramics. PubMed: Dose perturbations and image artifacts caused by carbon-coated ceramic and stainless steel fiducials used in proton therapy for prostate cancer. PubMed: Effect of cyclic impact load on shear bond strength of zirconium dioxide ceramics. PubMed: Influence of counter-ions on the self-assembly of ZrO2 nanodisks. PubMed: Effect of thermocycling on the bond strength between dual-cured resin cements and zirconium-oxide ceramics. PubMed: Conical crowns with electroplated gold copings: retention force changes caused by wear and combined off-axial load. PubMed: The performance of zirconium dioxide crowns: a clinical follow-up. PubMed: Edentulous jaws rehabilitation with yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide implants: two years follow-up experience. PubMed: Effective enrichment and mass spectrometry analysis of phosphopeptides using mesoporous metal oxide nanomaterials. PubMed: Articulating spacers used in two-stage revision of infected hip and knee prostheses abrade with time. PubMed: Alumina-reinforced zirconia implants: survival rate and fracture strength in a masticatory simulation trial. PubMed: Fracture load of implant-supported zirconia all-ceramic crowns luted with various cements. PubMed: New implant software abutments for inLab 3.65. PubMed: All-ceramic immediate restoration of one-piece zirconium dioxide implants. PubMed: A comparative phosphoproteomic analysis of a human tumor metastasis model using a label-free quantitative approach. PubMed: Prefabricated zirconium dioxide implant abutments for single-tooth replacement in the posterior region: evaluation of peri-implant tissues and superstructures after 12 months of function. PubMed: Biomimetic synthesis of hierarchically porous nanostructured metal oxide microparticles--potential scaffolds for drug delivery and catalysis. PubMed: A new acid mix enhances phosphopeptide enrichment on titanium- and zirconium dioxide for mapping of phosphorylation sites on protein complexes. PubMed: Fracture behaviour of implant-implant- and implant-tooth-supported all-ceramic fixed dental prostheses utilising zirconium dioxide implant abutments. PubMed: A novel pH-dependent drift improvement method for zirconium dioxide gated pH-ion sensitive field effect transistors. PubMed: Shear bond strength between an indirect composite veneering material and zirconia ceramics after thermocycling. PubMed: Finite element analysis of weakened roots restored with composite resin and posts. PubMed: Enrichment and analysis of phosphopeptides under different experimental conditions using titanium dioxide affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry. PubMed: Fracture strength of three-unit fixed partial denture cores (Y-TZP) with different connector dimension and design. PubMed: Zirconium dioxide implant abutments for posterior single-tooth replacement: first results. PubMed: Dynamic cultivation of human mesenchymal stem cells in a rotating bed bioreactor system based on the Z RP platform. PubMed: Zirconium - clinical experiences. PubMed: Evaluation of a novel radiopacifiying agent on the physical properties of surgical spineplex. PubMed: Simple and rapid spectrophotometric determination of trace titanium (IV) enriched by nanometer size zirconium dioxide in natural water. PubMed: Two-solution bone cements with cross-linked micro and nano-particles for vertebral fracture applications: effects of zirconium dioxide content on the material and setting properties. PubMed: Influence of priming agents on the short-term bond strength of an indirect composite veneering material to zirconium dioxide ceramic. PubMed: On the application of a ZrO2-based solid electrolyte in isotope ratio mass spectrometry. PubMed: The issue of corrosion in dental implants: a review. PubMed: Development of core-shell structure Fe3O4@Ta2O5 microspheres for selective enrichment of phosphopeptides for mass spectrometry analysis. PubMed: [Influence of different spacer thickness and spacer coverage area on the adaptation of Cercon CAD/CAM copings]. PubMed: Preparation and characterization of poly glycidyl methacrylete-zirconium dioxide-beta-cyclodextrin composite matrix for separation of isoflavones through expanded bed adsorption. PubMed: A study on the influence of biocompatible composites with bioactive ligands toward their effect on cell adhesion and growth for the application in bone tissue engineering. PubMed: Temperature and pH-stability of commercial stationary phases. PubMed: Influence of finish line in the distribution of stress trough an all ceramic implant-supported crown.: A 3D Finite Element Analysis. PubMed: Marginal adaptation of three different zirconium dioxide three-unit fixed dental prostheses. PubMed: New nano-sized Al2O3-BN coating 3Y-TZP ceramic composites for CAD/CAM-produced all-ceramic dental restorations. Part I. Fabrication of powders. PubMed: Determination of trace amounts of sodium and lithium in zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) using liquid electrode plasma optical emission spectrometry. PubMed: Osseointegration of zirconia implants: an SEM observation of the bone-implant interface. PubMed: Analysis of protein phosphorylation by monolithic extraction columns based on poly(divinylbenzene) containing embedded titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide nano-powders. PubMed: Effect of surface treatment on the initial bond strength of different luting cements to zirconium oxide ceramic. PubMed: Variable incidence angle X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy: a zirconia film study. PubMed: Effect of sintering time on biaxial strength of zirconium dioxide. PubMed: Influence of convergence angle and cement space on adaptation of zirconium dioxide ceramic copings. PubMed: Influence of fatigue testing and cementation mode on the load-bearing capability of bovine incisors restored with crowns and zirconium dioxide posts. PubMed: Comparison of the static loading capacity of all-ceramic bridge frameworks in posterior teeth using three hard core materials. PubMed: The fracture behavior of premolar teeth with class II cavities restored by both direct composite restorations and endodontic post systems. PubMed: Serum biomarker profiling by solid-phase extraction with particle-embedded micro tips and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. PubMed: Influence of endodontic posts on the fracture behavior of crowned premolars with Class II cavities. PubMed: Influence of the stationary phase on the stability of thalidomide and comparison of different methods for the quantification of thalidomide in tablets using high-temperature liquid chromatography. PubMed: Short-period effects of zirconia and titanium on osteoblast microRNAs. PubMed: Marginal and internal adaptation of zirconium dioxide ceramic copings and crowns with different finish line designs. PubMed: Evaluation of the impact of some experimental procedures on different phosphopeptide enrichment techniques. PubMed: Determination of trace impurities in high-purity zirconium dioxide by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry using microwave-assisted digestion and wavelet transform-based correction procedure. PubMed: Identification of phosphoproteins and determination of phosphorylation sites by zirconium dioxide enrichment and SELDI-MS/MS. PubMed: Highly specific enrichment of phosphopeptides by zirconium dioxide nanoparticles for phosphoproteome analysis. PubMed: Electrical detection of deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization based on carbon-nanotubes/nano zirconium dioxide/chitosan-modified electrodes. PubMed: Fracture resistance of different zirconium dioxide three-unit all-ceramic fixed partial dentures. PubMed: Direct electrochemistry of horseradish peroxidase immobilized on DNA/electrodeposited zirconium dioxide modified, gold disk electrode. PubMed: High-yield sol-gel synthesis of well-dispersed, colorless ZrO(2) nanocrystals. PubMed: Soft and hard tissue response to zirconium dioxide dental implants--a clinical study in man. PubMed: Models of (ZrO2)n complexes intercalated into montmorillonite. PubMed: Solvent and temperature gradients in separation of synthetic oxyethylene-oxypropylene block (co)polymers using high-temperature liquid chromatography. PubMed: Fracture resistance of single-tooth implant-supported all-ceramic restorations after exposure to the artificial mouth. PubMed: Selective zirconium dioxide-based enrichment of phosphorylated peptides for mass spectrometric analysis. PubMed: Development and application of a specially designed heating system for temperature-programmed high-performance liquid chromatography using subcritical water as the mobile phase. PubMed: Influence of framework configuration on the marginal adaptation of zirconium dioxide ceramic anterior four-unit frameworks. PubMed: Resistance of three new esthetic post-and-core systems to compressive loading. PubMed: In vitro evaluation of the retention of zirconia-based ceramic posts luted with glass ionomer and resin cements. PubMed: A single-retainer zirconium dioxide ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial denture for single tooth replacement: a clinical report. PubMed: Superoxide radical anions on the surface of zirconia and sulfated zirconia: formation mechanisms, properties and structure. PubMed: Flexural strength of a layered zirconia and porcelain dental all-ceramic system. PubMed: A direct solid sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method for determination of trace elements in zirconium dioxide. PubMed: All-ceramic fixed partial dentures. Studies on aluminum oxide- and zirconium dioxide-based ceramic systems. PubMed: Precision of a CAD/CAM technique for the production of zirconium dioxide copings. PubMed: Virtual Reality by Cerec inLab Framework. PubMed: Immobilization of hemoglobin on zirconium dioxide nanoparticles for preparation of a novel hydrogen peroxide biosensor. PubMed: Fit of a new pressure-sintered zirconium dioxide coping. PubMed: Colorimetric evaluation of the influence of five different restorative materials on the color of veneered densely sintered alumina. PubMed: Mechanical behaviour of a new acrylic radiopaque iodine-containing bone cement. PubMed: Difference in metallic wear distribution released from commercially pure titanium compared with stainless steel plates. PubMed: Effect of surface conditioning methods on the bond strength of luting cement to ceramics. PubMed: Cement particles containing radio-opacifiers stimulate pro-osteolytic cytokine production from a human monocytic cell line. PubMed: Reinforcement of acrylic resins for provisional fixed restorations. Part III: effects of addition of titania and zirconia mixtures on some mechanical and physical properties. PubMed: Porous nanocomposites of zirconium dioxide and silicate. PubMed: Effects of alumina and zirconium dioxide particles on arachidonic acid metabolism and proinflammatory interleukin production in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid synovial cells. PubMed: Mechanical performance of acrylic bone cements containing different radiopacifying agents. PubMed: Platelet release of transforming growth factor-beta and beta-thromboglobulin after in vitro contact with acrylic bone cements. PubMed: Intermittent loading of teeth restored using quartz fiber, carbon-quartz fiber, and zirconium dioxide ceramic root canal posts. PubMed: Some failure modes of four clinical bone cements. PubMed: The effects of particulate bone cements at the bone-implant interface. PubMed: In vitro testing of ten bone cements after different time intervals from polymerization. PubMed: [TNF-alpha secretion by human macrophage-like cells in response to wear particles and its modification by drugs]. PubMed: Yttrium-partially stabilized zirconium dioxide posts: an approach to restoring coronally compromised nonvital teeth. PubMed: Chromatographic characterization of phosphonate analog EDTA-modified zirconia support for biochromatographic applications. PubMed: Radio-opaque agents in bone cement increase bone resorption. PubMed: Radiation risk estimation based on activity measurements of zirconium oxide implants. PubMed: Characterization of in vivo wear debris from ceramic-ceramic total hip arthroplasties. PubMed: [New surgical scalpels with zirconium dioxide base]. PubMed: Disorder-induced optical and paramagnetic properties in zirconium dioxide: Role of low-symmetry crystal fields. PubMed: Easily regenerable affinity chromatographic zirconia-based support with concanavalin A as a model ligand. PubMed: Effects of coupling agents on mechanical properties of metal oxide-polymethacrylate composites. PubMed: Chemistry of zirconia and its use in chromatography. PubMed: Histopathological and microanalytical study of zirconium dioxide and barium sulphate in bone cement. PubMed: The combined and separate action of neutron radiation and zirconium dioxide on the liver of rats. PubMed: Ab initio Hartree-Fock study of tetragonal and cubic phases of zirconium dioxide. PubMed: Analysis of tissue samples containing colloidal thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) or zirconium dioxide (Zirconotrast): radiochemical preparation and alpha-spectrometry. PubMed: Investigation on the effect of incorporated radioactive and nonradioactive particles and their synergism by long-term animal studies--physicochemical and biokinetic properties of zirconium dioxide colloids. PubMed: Electrochemical stripping determination of traces of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc in zirconium metal and zirconium dioxide. PubMed: [Dust and radiation factors in the manufacture of refractory materials from zirconium dioxide]. PubMed: The absorption of barium sulfate and non-absorption of zirconium dioxide from the gastrointestinal tract.