4-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranose

CAS: 63-42-3 C12 H22 O11 MW: 342.29854000

Identification

Namelactose
CAS Number63-42-3
EINECS200-559-2
FDA UNII3SY5LH9PMK
Molecular FormulaC12 H22 O11
Molecular Weight342.29854000
MDL NumberMFCD00151251
Nikkaji NumberJ223.917E
Beilstein0093796

Regulatory

FDA Mainterm (SATF)63-42-3 ; LACTOSE
FDA RegulationFDA PART 131 -- MILK AND CREAM

Physical Properties

Appearance white crystalline powder (est)
Assay 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed No
Melting Point 201.00 to 202.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 667.93 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point 676.00 °F. TCC ( 357.80 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w) -3.391 (est)
Soluble in water, 195000 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Useshumectants

No sensory data available

Safety Information

Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 > 10000 mg/kg
Dermal Toxicitysubcutaneous-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categorymultipurpose additives
Recommendation for lactose usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
Recommendation for lactose flavor usage levels up tonot for flavor use.

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Potential Uses

humectants

Natural Occurrence

black gram seed coconut root date palm seed milk PMC

Synonyms

aletobiose cosmospheres BT3-S cosmospheres GC3-S cosmospheres GT-S cosmospheres RT-S cosmospheres WTS-M cosmospheres YT-S cosmospheres YTO-S 4-O-b-D- galactopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranose 4-O-beta-D- galactopyranosyl-D-glucose 4-(b-D- galactosido)-D-glucose 4-(beta-dextro- galactosido)-dextro-glucose b-D- glucopyranose, 4-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl- D- glucose, 4-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl- (9CI) lactobiose (+)- lactose lactose anhydrous milk sugar saccharum lactin tablettose PubMed: Process optimization for the manufacture of lemon based beverage from hydrolyzed whey. PubMed: Cheddar cheese ripening and flavor characterization: a review. PubMed: Monitoring the ripening process of Cheddar cheese based on hydrophilic component profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. PubMed: Milk composition and flavor under different feeding systems: a survey of dairy farms. PubMed: Dynamics of Penicillium camemberti growth quantified by real-time PCR on Camembert-type cheeses under different conditions of temperature and relative humidity. PubMed: Physicochemical and sensory characterization of Cheddar cheese with variable NaCl levels and equal moisture content. PubMed: Fermented milks and milk products as functional foods--a review. PubMed: Metabolic fingerprinting of hard and semi-hard natural cheeses using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector for practical sensory prediction modeling. PubMed: Active compounds and distinctive sensory features provided by American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) extract in a new functional milk beverage. PubMed: Microstructural, physical, and sensory impact of starch, inulin, and soy protein in low-fat gluten and lactose free white sauces. PubMed: Metabolomics-based component profiling of hard and semi-hard natural cheeses with gas chromatography/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry, and its application to sensory predictive modeling. PubMed: Qualitative comparison of blackcurrant and blackcurrant--whey beverages. PubMed: Measuring acceptance of milk and milk substitutes among younger and older children. PubMed: Volatile flavor compounds in yogurt: a review. PubMed: The complete genome of Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA1, a hardy actinobacterium with food and probiotic applications. PubMed: Chemical and instrumental approaches to cheese analysis. PubMed: Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Lactococcus lactis strains isolated from different ecosystems. PubMed: Sensometric calibration of sensory characteristics of commercially available milk products with instrumental data. PubMed: Effect of somatic cell count in goat milk on yield, sensory quality, and fatty acid profile of semisoft cheese. PubMed: Beta galactosidases and their potential applications: a review. PubMed: Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of milk from goats supplemented with castor or licuri oil. PubMed: Effects of milk type and consumer factors on the acceptance of milk among Korean female consumers. PubMed: Diacetyl and acetoin production from whey permeate using engineered Lactobacillus casei. PubMed: Stability of Melatonin in an Extemporaneously Compounded Sublingual Solution and Hard Gelatin Capsule. PubMed: Membrane fractionation processes for removing 90% to 95% of the lactose and sodium from skim milk and for preparing lactose and sodium-reduced skim milk. PubMed: Microbial and sensory changes throughout the ripening of Prato cheese made from milk with different levels of somatic cells. PubMed: Fortification of all-purpose wheat-flour tortillas with calcium lactate, calcium carbonate, or calcium citrate is acceptable. PubMed: Comparative high-density microarray analysis of gene expression during growth of Lactobacillus helveticus in milk versus rich culture medium. PubMed: Production of yoghurt with mild taste by a Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus mutant with altered proteolytic properties. PubMed: Sensory evaluation of whey and sweet cream buttermilk. PubMed: Probiotic cheese production using Lactobacillus casei cells immobilized on fruit pieces. PubMed: Compositional and functional properties of buttermilk: a comparison between sweet, sour, and whey buttermilk. PubMed: Influence of condensed sweet cream buttermilk on the manufacture, yield, and functionality of pizza cheese. PubMed: Impact of ingredient labeling practices on food allergic consumers. PubMed: Activity of adventitious Enterococcus strains on model curdled caprine milk: microbial growth and evolution of concentration of organic acids and lactose throughout time. PubMed: Short communication: utilization of sheep's milk cheese whey in the manufacture of an alkylphenol flavor concentrate. PubMed: Monitoring chemical and physical changes during thermal flavor generation. PubMed: Citrate metabolism by Enterococcus faecalis FAIR-E 229. PubMed: Effect of feeding yogurt versus milk in children with acute diarrhea and carbohydrate malabsorption. PubMed: Probiotic culture survival and implications in fermented frozen yogurt characteristics. PubMed: Conditioned flavor avoidance, preference, and indifference produced by intragastric infusions of galactose, glucose, and fructose in rats. PubMed: Galactose consumption induces conditioned flavor avoidance in rats. PubMed: Effect of ethanol in feed on milk flavor and chemical composition. PubMed: Production of bioingredients from Kluyveromyces marxianus grown on whey: an alternative. PubMed: The addition of oat fiber and natural alternative sweeteners in the manufacture of plain yogurt. PubMed: Flavor and texture characteristics of low fat ground beef patties formulated with whey protein concentrate. PubMed: Sensory evaluation of oral nutritional supplements: a comparison of patient and dietitian preferences. PubMed: Manufacture of nonfat yogurt from a high milk protein powder. PubMed: A review of quality and processing suitability of milk from cows treated with bovine somatotropin. PubMed: Influence of aflatoxin B1 on gas production by lactic acid bacteria. PubMed: Glycolysis and related reactions during cheese manufacture and ripening. PubMed: Congenital and experiential factors in the development of human flavor preferences. PubMed: Needs assessment of enteral nutrition support products. PubMed: Calcium absorption and acceptance of low-lactose milk among children with primary lactase deficiency. PubMed: Characterization of Plasmid Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis: Evidence for Plasmid-Linked Citrate Utilization. PubMed: Hydrolysis of lactose by immobilized microorganisms.