methyl isothiazolinone
3(2H)-isothiazolone, 2-methyl-
Identification
| Name | methyl isothiazolinone |
| CAS Number | 2682-20-4 |
| EINECS | 220-239-6 |
| FDA UNII | 229D0E1QFA |
| Molecular Formula | C4 H5 N O S |
| Molecular Weight | 115.15505000 |
| MDL Number | MFCD01742315 |
| Nikkaji Number | J34.917H |
| Beilstein | 606203 |
Regulatory
| FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, Notices | FCN 111 |
| DG SANTE Food Contact Materials | 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one |
| FDA Mainterm (IAUFC) | 2682-20-4 ; 2-METHYL-4-ISOTHIAZOLIN-3-ONE |
Physical Properties
| Assay | 50.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Boiling Point | 182.00 to 183.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.797000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point | 148.00 °F. TCC ( 64.30 °C. ) (est) |
| logP (o/w) | 0.119 (est) |
| Soluble in | water, 5.367e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Cosmetic Information
| CosIng | cosmetic data |
| Cosmetic Uses | preservatives |
No sensory data available
Safety Information
| Preferred SDS | View |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | Not determined |
| Dermal Toxicity | Not determined |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | preservatives |
| Recommendation for methyl isothiazolinone usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| Recommendation for methyl isothiazolinone flavor usage levels up to | not for flavor use. |
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Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
1,5-
diethyl-3-methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene
kathon
2-
methyl isothiazol-3-one
2-
methyl-1,2-thiazol-3-one
2-
methyl-1,2-thiazol-3(2H)-one
2-
methyl-2-hydroisothiazol-3-one
2-
methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one
2-
methyl-3-isothiazolone
2-
methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone
2-
methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one
2-
methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one
2-
methylisothiazol-3(2H)-one
methylisothiazolinone
N-
methylisothiazolone
neolone
skycide 100
iso
thiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-
3(2H)-iso
thiazolone, 2-methyl-
PubMed:
Analysis of isothiazolinone preservatives in polyvinyl alcohol cooling towels used in Japan.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone in baby wipes: a rising star among causes of contact dermatitis.
PubMed:
Six children with allergic contact dermatitis to methylisothiazolinone in wet wipes (baby wipes).
PubMed:
Efficacy of metal ions and isothiazolones in inhibiting Enterobacter cloacae BF-17 biofilm formation.
PubMed:
Three-phase hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with HPLC-UV for the determination of isothiazolinone biocides in adhesives used for food packaging materials.
PubMed:
The role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 on the stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXCR4 system in oral cancer.
PubMed:
Allergic contact dermatitis caused by methylisothiazolinone from different sources, including 'mislabelled' household wet wipes.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy--growing epidemic.
PubMed:
Recommendation to include methylisothiazolinone in the European baseline patch test series--on behalf of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis and the European Environmental and Contact Dermatitis Research Group.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone is categorised as a strong sensitiser in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay.
PubMed:
Effects of a 28-day oral exposure to a 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one biocide formulation in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed:
Development of allosteric modulators of GPCRs for treatment of CNS disorders.
PubMed:
Ubiquitous preservative blamed for rash of skin allergies.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone in paint forces a patient out of her apartment.
PubMed:
Is 500âppm a better concentration than 200âppm for diagnosing contact allergy to methylisothiazolinone?
PubMed:
Risk factors associated with methylisothiazolinone contact sensitization.
PubMed:
Chronic treatment with MPEP, an mGlu5 receptor antagonist, normalizes basal ganglia glutamate neurotransmission in L-DOPA-treated parkinsonian monkeys.
PubMed:
Allergic contact dermatitis to methylisothiazolinone: exposure from baby wipes causing hand dermatitis.
PubMed:
Whilst Rome burns: the epidemic of contact allergy to methylisothiazolinone.
PubMed:
Methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone contact allergy: a new 'epidemic'.
PubMed:
Airborne exposure to methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone from a toilet cleaner.
PubMed:
Airborne and systemic dermatitis, mimicking atopic dermatitis, caused by methylisothiazolinone in a young child.
PubMed:
Methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone allergic contact dermatitis and the effect of patch test concentration.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone.
PubMed:
Airborne exposure to preservative methylisothiazolinone causes severe allergic reactions.
PubMed:
Follow-up of the monitored levels of preservative sensitivity in Europe: overview of the years 2001-2008.
PubMed:
Recent increase in allergic reactions to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone: is methylisothiazolinone the culprit?
PubMed:
Total synthesis of epothilones using functionalised allylstannanes for remote stereocontrol.
PubMed:
Synthesis and characterization in monkey of [11C]SP203 as a radioligand for imaging brain metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors.
PubMed:
Sensitization to methylisothiazolinone in a group of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone allergic patients.
PubMed:
Contact dermatitis due to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (Kathon CG) as a contaminant in the manufacturing process of a cream.
PubMed:
Allergic contact dermatitis caused by methylisothiazolinone from a 'waist reduction belt'.
PubMed:
Presumed primary contact sensitization to methylisothiazolinone from paint: a chemical that became airborne.
PubMed:
Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone contact sensitization: diverging trends in subgroups of IVDK patients in a period of 19 years.
PubMed:
Occupational contact dermatitis in painters: an analysis of patch test data from the Danish Contact Dermatitis Group.
PubMed:
Abnormal visual processing and increased seizure susceptibility result from developmental exposure to the biocide methylisothiazolinone.
PubMed:
Contact allergy to methylchoroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI): findings from a contact dermatitis unit.
PubMed:
[Determination of 3 isothiazolinone preservatives in toys using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].
PubMed:
Two cases of airborne allergic contact dermatitis caused by methylisothiazolinone in paint.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy: a review.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy and dose-response relationships.
PubMed:
Contact allergy to methylisothiazolinone in a deodorant.
PubMed:
Effects of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and other candidate biodiesel biocides on rat alveolar macrophages and NR8383 cells.
PubMed:
Contact sensitization to methylisothiazolinone in Finland--a multicentre study.
PubMed:
Moist toilet paper: allergy to the nonhalogenated derivative methylisothiazolinone preservative alone.
PubMed:
Final report of the safety assessment of methylisothiazolinone.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone, an emerging allergen in cosmetics?
PubMed:
The hazards of moist toilet paper: allergy to the preservative methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone.
PubMed:
Delayed hypersensitivity to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone not detected by the baseline series of the Spanish group.
PubMed:
Concomitant contact allergy to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone and formaldehyde-releasing preservatives.
PubMed:
Mechanistic assessment of peptide reactivity assay to predict skin allergens with Kathon CG isothiazolinones.
PubMed:
Identifying the optimal patch test concentration for methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone.
PubMed:
Expression of surface markers on the human monocytic leukaemia cell line, THP-1, as indicators for the sensitizing potential of chemicals.
PubMed:
[Allergic contact dermatitis to cosmetics].
PubMed:
Role of intracellular calcium and S-glutathionylation in cell death induced by a mixture of isothiazolinones in HL60 cells.
PubMed:
Quantitative relationships between patch test reactivity and use test reactivity: an overview.
PubMed:
Alkalization of wall paint prevents airborne contact dermatitis in patients with sensitization to isothiazolinones.
PubMed:
Suitability of macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta production by THP-1 cells in differentiating skin sensitizers from irritant chemicals.
PubMed:
Antifungal activities of bronopol and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MT) against saprolegnia.
PubMed:
Differential biocide susceptibility of the multiple genotypes of Mycobacterium immunogenum.
PubMed:
Cross-reactivity between methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, and other isothiazolinones in workers at a plant producing binders for paints and glues.
PubMed:
Metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor (mGluR5) antagonists decrease nicotine seeking, but do not affect the reinforcement enhancing effects of nicotine.
PubMed:
'Dermatologically tested' baby toilet tissues: a cause of allergic contact dermatitis in adults.
PubMed:
Synthesis and simple 18F-labeling of 3-fluoro-5-(2-(2-(fluoromethyl)thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)benzonitrile as a high affinity radioligand for imaging monkey brain metabotropic glutamate subtype-5 receptors with positron emission tomography.
PubMed:
Iron dependent degradation of an isothiazolone biocide (5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one).
PubMed:
Airborne contact dermatitis to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in a boy.
PubMed:
An evaluation of dose/unit area and time as key factors influencing the elicitation capacity of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) in MCI/MI-allergic patients.
PubMed:
Contact dermatitis from methylisothiazolinone in a paint factory.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinone, a neurotoxic biocide, disrupts the association of SRC family tyrosine kinases with focal adhesion kinase in developing cortical neurons.
PubMed:
GSH depletion, protein S-glutathionylation and mitochondrial transmembrane potential hyperpolarization are early events in initiation of cell death induced by a mixture of isothiazolinones in HL60 cells.
PubMed:
A sensitive radioimmunoassay of insulin autoantibody: reduction of non-specific binding of [125I]insulin.
PubMed:
Occupational contact allergy and dermatitis from methylisothiazolinone after contact with wallcovering glue and after a chemical burn from a biocide.
PubMed:
Oxidative stress in mouse skin following application of contact allergenic 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and oxazolone.
PubMed:
From experiment to theory: molecular orbital parameters to interpret the skin sensitization potential of 5-chloro-2-methylisothiazol-3-one and 2-methylisothiazol-3-one.
PubMed:
Separation of preservatives in cosmetic products by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.
PubMed:
[Allergy to cosmetics. II. Preservatives].
PubMed:
Contact sensitization to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in children.
PubMed:
Covalent binding of the 13C-labeled skin sensitizers 5-chloro-2-methylisothiazol-3-one (MCI) and 2-methylisothiazol-3-one (MI) to a model peptide and glutathione.
PubMed:
Involvement of oxidative stress in apoptosis induced by a mixture of isothiazolinones in normal human keratinocytes.
PubMed:
Studies of chemical selectivity of hapten, reactivity, and skin sensitization potency. 3. Synthesis and studies on the reactivity toward model nucleophiles of the 13C-labeled skin sensitizers, 5-chloro-2-methylisothiazol-3-one (MCI) and 2-methylisothiazol-3-one (MI).
PubMed:
Coupling of contact sensitizers to thiol groups is a key event for the activation of monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
PubMed:
In vitro neurotoxicity of methylisothiazolinone, a commonly used industrial and household biocide, proceeds via a zinc and extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway.
PubMed:
Monitoring levels of preservative sensitivity in Europe. A 10-year overview (1991-2000).
PubMed:
In vitro induction of apoptosis vs. necrosis by widely used preservatives: 2-phenoxyethanol, a mixture of isothiazolinones, imidazolidinyl urea and 1,2-pentanediol.
PubMed:
Preservation of products with MCI/MI in Switzerland.
PubMed:
Rôle of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (Kathon CG) in poikiloderma of Civatte.
PubMed:
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) in a silicone-emulsion lock lubricant.
PubMed:
Allergic contact dermatitis in patients with anogenital complaints.
PubMed:
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from both 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol and methylchloroisothiazolinone plus methylisothiazolinone in spin finish.
PubMed:
Airborne contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone in wall paint. Abolition of symptoms by chemical allergen inactivation.
PubMed:
Airborne occupational hypersensitivity to isothiazolinones in a papermaking technician.
PubMed:
Occupational induction of hypersensitivity after an accidental exposure to chloromethylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (CMI/MI) in an industrial worker.
PubMed:
An update of the risk assessment for methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) with focus on rinse-off products.
PubMed:
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from a glue, containing isothiazolinones and N-methylol-chloroacetamide, in a carpenter.
PubMed:
The utility of patch tests using larger screening series of allergens.
PubMed:
Can glutathione-containing emollients inactivate methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone?
PubMed:
An epidemic of isothiazolinone sensitization in a flax spinning mill.
PubMed:
Can chemical burns and allergic contact dermatitis from higher concentrations of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone be prevented?
PubMed:
Occupational dermatoses in a plant producing binders for paints and glues.
PubMed:
Airborne contact dermatitis due to methylchloro- and methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI).
PubMed:
Sensitization and exposure to methylisothiazolinones (Kathon) in the pulp and paper industry--a report of two cases.
PubMed:
Methylisothiazolinones. Diagnosis and prevention of allergic contact dermatitis.
PubMed:
Two case reports of delayed skin burns from methylisothiazolines used in water treatment.
PubMed:
Formulation effect on the dermal bioavailability of isothiazolone biocide.
PubMed:
Mutagenicity of cosmetic products containing Kathon.
PubMed:
An unusual case of sensitization to methylchloro- and methyl-isothiazolinone (MCI/MI).
PubMed:
Chloromethylisothiazolone/methylisothiazolone (CMI/MI) use test with a shampoo on patch-test-positive subjects. Results of a multicentre double-blind crossover trial.
PubMed:
Evaluation of auricular lymph node cell proliferation in isothiazolone-treated mice.
PubMed:
Occupational exposure to isothiazolinones. A study based on a product register.
PubMed:
Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to isothiazolone.
PubMed:
Delayed skin burns from MCI/MI biocide used in water treatment.
PubMed:
Stimulatory effect of cooling tower biocides on amoebae.
PubMed:
Allergic contact dermatitis from multiple sources of MCI/MI biocide and formaldehyde in a printer.
PubMed:
Occupational dermatitis from isothiazolinones in the nylon production.
PubMed:
Multicentre studies and conflicting prevalence data.
PubMed:
Allergic contact dermatitis from MCI/MI biocide in a printer.
PubMed:
Contact allergy to isothiazolinone derivatives: unusual clinical presentations.
PubMed:
Decreased biocide susceptibility of adherent Legionella pneumophila.
PubMed:
Assessment of the relative skin sensitizing potency of 3 biocides using the murine local lymph node assay.
PubMed:
Isothiazolinones (MCI/MI): 200 ppm versus 100 ppm in the standard series.
PubMed:
Relationship between use test and threshold patch test concentration in patients sensitive to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI/MI).
PubMed:
Contact sensitization to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI/MI). A European multicentre study.
PubMed:
Kathon CG and cosmetic products.
PubMed:
Effects of biocidal treatments to inhibit the growth of legionellae and other microorganisms in cooling towers.
PubMed:
Chemical reactivity of some isothiazolone biocides.
PubMed:
Growth inhibitory and biocidal activity of some isothiazolone biocides.
PubMed:
A patient bothered by unexpected sources of isothiazolinones.
PubMed:
Lymphocyte transformation test for diagnosis of isothiazolinone allergy in man.
PubMed:
Kathon CG and cosmetic products.
PubMed:
An epidemiological study of contact allergy to 5-chloro-3-methyl isothiazolone/3-methyl isothiazolone in Strasbourg.
PubMed:
Contact allergy to dichlorinated methylisothiazolinone.
PubMed:
The irritancy and allergenicity of 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (Skane M-8), with recommendations for patch test concentration.
PubMed:
Formaldehyde-induced depression of skin reactivity to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in the guinea pig.
PubMed:
Kathon CG: a review.
PubMed:
Isothiazolinone preservative as important contact allergen in cosmetics.
PubMed:
Contact allergy to a contaminant in Kathon CG in the guinea pig.
PubMed:
Mutagenic activity associated with cooling tower waters treated with a biocide containing 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
PubMed:
Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG.
PubMed:
Risk of isothiazolinones.
PubMed:
Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG in the guinea pig.
PubMed:
Allergic contact dermatitis due to a biocide containing 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
PubMed:
Absorption and disposition of 14C-labelled Kathon biocide, a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, following intravenous or dermal administration to male Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed:
Kathon CG: cosmetic allergy and patch test sensitization.
PubMed:
[Allergic contact eczema caused by isothiazolin-3-one derivatives].
PubMed:
Evaluation of some formaldehyde-release compounds and other biocides in the mouse micronucleus test.
PubMed:
Kathon biocide: manifestation of delayed contact dermatitis in guinea pigs is dependent on the concentration for induction and challenge.
PubMed:
The genetic toxicology of Kathon biocide, a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
PubMed:
Mutagenic activity of Kathon, an industrial biocide and cosmetics preservative containing 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
PubMed:
Laboratory studies of disinfectants against Legionella pneumophila.