molinate
1H-azepine-1-carbothioic acid, hexahydro-, S-ethyl ester
Identification
| Name | molinate |
| IUPAC | S-ethyl azepane-1-carbothioate |
| CAS Number | 2212-67-1 |
| EINECS | 218-661-0 |
| FDA UNII | 68N5G08DJQ |
| Molecular Formula | C9 H17 N O S |
| Molecular Weight | 187.30569000 |
| MDL Number | MFCD00055352 |
| Nikkaji Number | J1.802C |
| Beilstein | 1239196 |
| XlogP3 | 3.20 (est) |
Regulatory
Physical Properties
| Appearance | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay | 95.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Boiling Point | 279.02 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est) |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.005600 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point | 253.00 °F. TCC ( 122.50 °C. ) (est) |
| logP (o/w) | 3.210 |
| Soluble in | water, 91.97 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
No sensory data available
Safety Information
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | unreported-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 720 mg/kg |
| Dermal Toxicity | skin-rabbit LD50 3536 mg/kg |
| Inhalation Toxicity | inhalation-cat LC50 > 200 mg/m3 |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | herbicides / pesticides |
| Recommendation for molinate usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| Recommendation for molinate flavor usage levels up to | not for flavor use. |
No supplier data available
Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
1H-
azepine-1-carbothioic acid hexahydro-S-ethyl ester
1H-
azepine-1-carbothioic acid, hexahydro-, S-ethyl ester
S-
ethyl 1-azepanecarbothioate
S-
ethyl 1-hexamethyleneiminothiocarbamate
S-
ethyl azepane-1-carbothioate
S-
ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate
S-
ethyl hexahydroazepine-1-carbothioate
S-
ethyl N,N-hexamethylenethiocarbamate
S-
ethyl perhydroazepin-1-carbothioate
S-
ethyl perhydroazepine-1-thiocarboxylate
S-
ethyl-1-azepancarbothioat
S-
ethyl-N-hexamethylenethiocarbamate
S-
ethyl-N,N-hexamethylenethiocarbamate
S-
ethylazepan-1-carbothioat
felan
higalnate
hydram
jalan
molinex
molmate
ordram
stauffer R 4572
yalan
yulan
PubMed:
Shiga-Like Toxin B Subunit of Escherichia coli as Scaffold for High-Avidity Display of Anti-immunocomplex Peptides.
PubMed:
Community air monitoring for pesticides-part 2: multiresidue determination of pesticides in air by gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Community air monitoring for pesticides. Part 3: using health-based screening levels to evaluate results collected for a year.
PubMed:
Four-year advanced monitoring program of polar pesticides in groundwater of Catalonia (NE-Spain).
PubMed:
Microbial degradation of the herbicide molinate by defined cultures and in the environment.
PubMed:
Dopaminergic neurotoxicity of S-ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC), molinate, and S-methyl-N,N-diethylthiocarbamate (MeDETC) in Caenorhabditis elegans.
PubMed:
Assessment of pesticide residues in KaraboÄaz Lake from Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey.
PubMed:
Molinate quantification in environmental water by a glutathione-S-transferase based biosensor.
PubMed:
Nanopeptamers for the development of small-analyte lateral flow tests with a positive readout.
PubMed:
Molinate biodegradation in soils: natural attenuation versus bioaugmentation.
PubMed:
Determination of vitamin A and its metabolites in rat testis: possible involvement of vitamin A in testicular toxicity caused by molinate.
PubMed:
Ultra-sensitive electrochemical immunosensor using analyte peptidomimetics selected from phage display peptide libraries.
PubMed:
Gulosibacter molinativorax ON4T molinate hydrolase, a novel cobalt-dependent amidohydrolase.
PubMed:
Changes of concentrations, shipment amounts and ecological risk of pesticides in river water flowing into Lake Biwa.
PubMed:
Exposure of the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum from Portuguese rice fields to Molinate (Ordram(®)): Effects on the antioxidant system and fatty acid profile.
PubMed:
Adsorption and desorption variability of four herbicides used in paddy rice production.
PubMed:
Noncompetitive phage anti-immunocomplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for sensitive detection of small molecules.
PubMed:
Relative inhibitory potency of molinate and metabolites with aldehyde dehydrogenase 2: implications for the mechanism of enzyme inhibition.
PubMed:
Bacterial diversity and bioaugmentation in floodwater of a paddy field in the presence of the herbicide molinate.
PubMed:
Accumulation of current-use and organochlorine pesticides in crab embryos from northern California, USA.
PubMed:
Solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of several pesticides in water.
PubMed:
A multi-residue method for pesticide residue analysis in rice grains using matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection.
PubMed:
Cryopreserved hepatocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a validation study to support their application in bioaccumulation assessment.
PubMed:
Development of PBPK model of molinate and molinate sulfoxide in rats and humans.
PubMed:
Comparative toxicity of bentazon and molinate on growth, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis, and respiration of the Portuguese ricefield cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum.
PubMed:
Effects of thiobencarb in combinations with molinate and chlorpyrifos on selected soil microbial processes.
PubMed:
Pesticides in water and sediment from littoral area of Lake Biwa.
PubMed:
Pesticides in water, fish and shellfish from littoral area of Lake Biwa.
PubMed:
[Emergent treatment of source water contaminated by representative herbicide molinate and ametryn].
PubMed:
Effects of molinate on survival and development of Bombina orientalis (Boulenger) embryos.
PubMed:
HPLC based method using sample precolumn cleanup for the determination of triazines and thiolcarbamates in hemodialysis saline solutions.
PubMed:
Spatial and temporal distribution of pesticide residues in surface waters in northeastern Greece.
PubMed:
Detoxification of molinate sulfoxide: comparison of spontaneous and enzmatic glutathione conjugation using human and rat liver cytosol.
PubMed:
Xenobiotic intrinsic clearance in freshly isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): determination of trout hepatocellularity, optimization of cell concentrations and comparison of serum and serum-free incubations.
PubMed:
New insights into a bacterial metabolic and detoxifying association responsible for the mineralization of the thiocarbamate herbicide molinate.
PubMed:
Analysis of 17 polar to semi-polar pesticides in the Ebro river delta during the main growing season of rice by automated on-line solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Assessing the biological relevance of exposing freshwater organisms to atrazine and molinate in environmentally realistic exposure test systems.
PubMed:
Calibration and field application of a solvent-based cellulose membrane passive sampling device for the monitoring of polar herbicides.
PubMed:
Pesticides removal in the process of drinking water production.
PubMed:
Calibration and validation of a dynamic water model in agricultural scenarios.
PubMed:
Determination of herbicides by solid phase extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in drinking waters.
PubMed:
Reactions of thiocarbamate, triazine and urea herbicides, RDX and benzenes on EPA Contaminant Candidate List with ozone and with hydroxyl radicals.
PubMed:
Combined use of biomarkers and in situ bioassays in Daphnia magna to monitor environmental hazards of pesticides in the field.
PubMed:
Acute toxicities of trace metals and common xenobiotics to the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus: Evaluation of its use as a benchmark species for routine ecotoxicity tests in Western Pacific coastal regions.
PubMed:
Determination of xenobiotic intrinsic clearance in freshly isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and rat and its application in bioaccumulation assessment.
PubMed:
The use of Chironomus riparius larvae to assess effects of pesticides from rice fields in adjacent freshwater ecosystems.
PubMed:
Field dissipation and environmental hazard assessment of clomazone, molinate, and thiobencarb in Australian rice culture.
PubMed:
The influence of activated carbon surface properties on the adsorption of the herbicide molinate and the bio-regeneration of the adsorbent.
PubMed:
Relative rate constants of contaminant candidate list pesticides with hydroxyl radicals.
PubMed:
Organic contaminant loads into the Western Mediterranean Sea: estimate of Ebro River inputs.
PubMed:
Study of the presence of pesticides in surface waters in the Ebro river basin (Spain).
PubMed:
Mode of action: reduction of testosterone availability--molinate-induced inhibition of spermatogenesis.
PubMed:
Environmental fate of the herbicide molinate in a rice-paddy-soil lysimeter.
PubMed:
Effect of operating parameters on molinate biodegradation.
PubMed:
Fully automated multianalyte determination of different classes of pesticides, at picogram per litre levels in water, by on-line solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Effect of river water, sediment and time on the toxicity and bioavailability of molinate to the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri (Microtox).
PubMed:
Analyte peptidomimetics selected from phage display peptide libraries: a systematic strategy for the development of environmental immunoassays.
PubMed:
Toxicity and bioavailability of atrazine and molinate to the freshwater fish (Melanotenia fluviatilis) under laboratory and simulated field conditions.
PubMed:
A case study of molinate application in a Portuguese rice field: herbicide dissipation and proposal of a clean-up methodology.
PubMed:
The toxicity and bioavailability of atrazine and molinate to Chironomus tepperi larvae in laboratory and river water in the presence and absence of sediment.
PubMed:
Square-wave voltametric method for determination of molinate concentration in a biological process using a hanging mercury drop electrode.
PubMed:
Acute exposure to molinate alters neuroendocrine control of ovulation in the rat.
PubMed:
Toxicity and bioavailability of atrazine and molinate to the freshwater shrimp (Paratya australiensis) under laboratory and simulated field conditions.
PubMed:
Laboratory investigation into the development of resistance of Daphnia magna to the herbicide molinate.
PubMed:
Preliminary feasibility study for the use of an adsorption/bio-regeneration system for molinate removal from effluents.
PubMed:
Toxicity of atrazine and molinate to the cladoceran Daphnia carinata and the effect of river water and bottom sediment on their bioavailability.
PubMed:
Alternative control of two biotypes of Echinochloa phyllopogon susceptible and resistant to fenoxaprop-ethyl.
PubMed:
Gulosibacter molinativorax gen. nov., sp. nov., a molinate-degrading bacterium, and classification of 'Brevibacterium helvolum' DSM 20419 as Pseudoclavibacter helvolus gen. nov., sp. nov.
PubMed:
Oxidative degradation of the carbothioate herbicide, molinate, using nanoscale zero-valent iron.
PubMed:
Characterization of S-(N,N-Dialkylaminocarbonyl)cysteine Adducts and Enzyme Inhibition Produced by Thiocarbamate Herbicides in the Rat.
PubMed:
Robust and sensitive monoclonal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the herbicide molinate.
PubMed:
Cross-resistance pattern and alternative herbicides for Cyperus difformis resistant to sulfonylurea herbicides in Korea.
PubMed:
Evaluation of the genotoxicity of four herbicides in the wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster using two different strains.
PubMed:
Multianalyte determination of different classes of pesticides (acidic, triazines, phenyl ureas, anilines, organophosphates, molinate and propanil) by liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
A novel pathway for mineralization of the thiocarbamate herbicide molinate by a defined bacterial mixed culture.
PubMed:
Sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant Monochoria vaginalis in Korean rice culture.
PubMed:
Comparative study of the toxicity of molinate for freshwater organisms.
PubMed:
Pesticides in Portuguese surface and ground waters.
PubMed:
Community exposures to airborne agricultural pesticides in California: ranking of inhalation risks.
PubMed:
Effects of bensulfuron-methyl and cinosulfuron on growth of four freshwater species of phytoplankton.
PubMed:
Factors affecting multiresidue determination of priority herbicides when using solid-phase microextraction.
PubMed:
Algal growth inhibition by river water pollutants in the agricultural area around Lake Biwa, Japan.
PubMed:
Identification of a S-hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbonyl adduct produced by molinate on rat hemoglobin beta(2) and beta(3) chains in vivo.
PubMed:
Application of the Microtox test and pollution indices to the study of water toxicity in the Albufera Natural Park (Valencia, Spain).
PubMed:
Concentration and loading of pesticide residues in Lake Biwa basin (Japan).
PubMed:
Glutathione-dependent resistance of the European eel Anguilla anguilla to the herbicide molinate.
PubMed:
Laboratory and field studies on the effect of molinate, clomazone, and thiobencarb on nontarget aquatic invertebrates.
PubMed:
Effects of the organophosphorus insecticide fenitrothion on growth in five freshwater species of phytoplankton.
PubMed:
Effects of S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate (molinate) on di-n-butyl dichlorovinyl phosphate (DBDCVP) neuropathy.
PubMed:
Photodegradation of selected herbicides in various natural waters and soils under environmental conditions.
PubMed:
Accumulative characteristics of pesticide residues in organs of bivalves (Anodonta woodiana and Corbicula leana) under natural conditions.
PubMed:
Adsorption-desorption studies of selected herbicides in soil-Fly ash mixtures.
PubMed:
Determination of rice herbicides, their transformation products and clofibric acid using on-line solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography with diode array and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric detection.
PubMed:
Use of solid-phase microextraction for the quantitative determination of herbicides in soil and water samples.
PubMed:
Simultaneous determination of acidic and non-acidic pesticides in natural waters by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Cholinesterase activity and hematological parameters as biomarkers of sublethal molinate exposure in Anguilla anguilla.
PubMed:
In vitro fertilization after in vivo treatment of rats with three reproductive toxicants.
PubMed:
Comparison of the performance of graphitized carbon black and poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) cartridges for the determination of pesticides and industrial phosphates in environmental waters.
PubMed:
An assessment of fertility in male workers exposed to molinate.
PubMed:
Comparison of human and rat metabolism of molinate in liver microsomes and slices.
PubMed:
In vivo and in vitro promutagen activation by Vicia faba of thiocarbamate herbicides molinate and butylate to products inducing sister chromatid exchanges in human lymphocyte cultures.
PubMed:
The impact of rice pesticides on the aquatic ecosystems of the Sacramento River and Delta (California).
PubMed:
Use of new microbiotests with Daphnia magna and Selenastrum capricornutum immobilized forms.
PubMed:
Monitoring of pesticide residues and their metabolites in surface and underground waters of Imathia (N. Greece) by means of solid-phase extraction disks and gas chromatography.
PubMed:
Effects of molinate on growth of five freshwater species of phytoplankton.
PubMed:
On-line coupling of solid-phase extraction to gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection to determine pesticides in water.
PubMed:
The reproductive toxicity of molinate and metabolites to the male rat: effects on testosterone and sperm morphology.
PubMed:
Molinate: rodent reproductive toxicity and its relevance to humans--a review.
PubMed:
Identification of a carboxylesterase as the major protein bound by molinate.
PubMed:
Testicular toxicity of molinate in the rat: metabolic activation via sulfoxidation.
PubMed:
Pesticides and their oxidation products in water and fish from rivers flowing into Lake Biwa.
PubMed:
Effects of the herbicide molinate on mixotrophic growth, photosynthetic pigments, and protein content of Anabaena sphaerica under different light conditions.
PubMed:
Physiological responses of fathead minnow larvae to rice pesticides.
PubMed:
Genotoxicity of six pesticides by Salmonella mutagenicity test and SOS chromotest.
PubMed:
Characterization of risks associated with the use of molinate.
PubMed:
[Gas chromatographic analysis of molinate residue in rice].
PubMed:
Environmental fate of rice pesticides in California.
PubMed:
S-methylation as a bioactivation mechanism for mono- and dithiocarbamate pesticides as aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors.
PubMed:
Acute and chronic toxicity of the thiocarbamate herbicide, molinate, to the cladoceran Moina australiensis Sars.
PubMed:
Evaluation of herbicide migration from water to gorgonzola and mozzarella cheeses in industrial processing.
PubMed:
Inhibition of rat liver low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase by thiocarbamate herbicides. Occupational implications.
PubMed:
Aldehyde dehydrogenase of mice inhibited by thiocarbamate herbicides.
PubMed:
Sublethal effects of three pesticides on Japanese medaka.
PubMed:
Biological monitoring for pesticide absorption.
PubMed:
Biological monitoring for pesticide exposure--the role of human volunteer studies.
PubMed:
Reproductive risks from contaminants in drinking water.
PubMed:
Molinate decontamination processes in effluent water from rice fields.
PubMed:
Mitotic toxicity, sister chromatid exchange, and rec assay of pesticides.
PubMed:
Lethality, hexobarbital narcosis and behavior in rats exposed to atrazine, bentazon or molinate.
PubMed:
The effect of structurally divergent herbicides on mouse liver xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (P-450-dependent mono-oxygenases, epoxide hydrolases and glutathione S-transferases) and carnitine acetyltransferase.
PubMed:
Cytogenetic effect of the thiocarbamate herbicides butylate, molinate and vernolate in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test.
PubMed:
Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a gas chromatographic procedure for the determination of molinate residues.
PubMed:
Genotoxicity of selected herbicides.
PubMed:
WHO drinking water quality guidelines for selected herbicides.
PubMed:
Comparative biotransformation of molinate (Ordram) in the white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
PubMed:
Pesticide residues in Lake Albufera, Valencia, Spain.
PubMed:
Toxicity of some ricefield pesticides to the crayfish P. clarkii, under laboratory and field conditions in Lake Albufera (Spain).
PubMed:
Evaluation of immune function in mice exposed to Ordram.
PubMed:
The effects of selected rice and soybean pesticides on the eggs of Psorophora columbiae.
PubMed:
Worker exposure during aerial application of a liquid and a granular formulation of Ordram Selective Herbicide to rice.
PubMed:
[New products of the microbial degradation of ordram].
PubMed:
[Ordram transformation by microorganisms].
PubMed:
[Role of coryneform bacteria in the degradation of ordram in a reservoir].
PubMed:
The degradation of [14C]molinate in soil under flooded and nonflooded conditions.
PubMed:
Herbicidal treatments for control of Papaver somniferum L.
PubMed:
Mercapturic acid occurrence in fish bile. A terminal product of metabolism of the herbicide molinate.
PubMed:
Metabolism of [ring-14C]ordram (molinate) in the rat. 2. Urinary metabolite identification.
PubMed:
Metabolism of [ring-14C]ordram (molinate) in the rat. I. Balance and tissue residue study.
PubMed:
Acute toxicity of the insecticides toxaphene and carbaryl and the herbicides propanil and molinate to four species of aquatic organisms.