Potential Uses
FR
citrus
FL/FR
coriander
FR
cumin oil replacer
FR
grapefruit
FR
herbal
FR
lemon
FR
lime
FR
mango
FR
nutmeg
FR
spice
FR
thyme oil white replacer
FL
tropical
Natural Occurrence
achillea tenuifolia lam. flower oil iran @ 0.20%
Data
agathosma crenulata oil @ 0.09%
Data
ajowan seed oil turkey @ 11.86%
Data
allspice fruit
allspice leaf
allspice leaf oil
allspice seed
amomum testaceum ridl. fruit oil malaysia @ 0.20%
Data
angelica root oil @ 3.07%
Data
angelica seed oil CO2 extract @ 0.20%
Data
anise seed oil star china @ 0.30%
Data
anise star anise fruit
armoise oil morocco @ 1.5%
Data
artemisia campestris spp. glutinosa flower oil italy @ 0.40%
Data
artemisia santolina schrenk oil iran @ 0.90%
Data
artemisia variabilis flower oil italy @ 3.20%
Data
basil leaf oil
basil oil sweet poland @ 0.15%
Data
basil oil var. glabratum turkey @ trace%
Data
basil plant
bay laurel leaf
bay laurel leaf oil
bay leaf oil @ <0.01-0.16%
Data
bay leaf oil anise @ 0.1%
Data
bergamot oil @ 11.0%
Data
bergamot oil @ 5.266-11.151%
Data
bergamot oil turkey @ 4.12%
Data
bergamot plant wild
betel leaf oil @ 1.60%
Data
blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. sanguinello) italy @ 0.006%
Data
blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. tarocco) italy @ 0.003%
Data
blood orange oil italy @ 0.007%
Data
buchu leaf oil @ 0.34%
Data
cabbage shoot
cajuput oil @ 0.2%
Data
cajuput oil vietnam @ 4.6%
Data
calamintha nepeta (l.) savi subsp. glandulosa oil greece @ trace%
Data
calamus leaf oil @ 0.05%
Data
cananga fruit oil @ 5.6%
Data
cananga odorata oil java @ 0.07%
Data
caraway plant
caraway seed
cardamom fruit
cardamom root oil
carrot root
carrot seed oil @ 0.36%
Data
carrot seed oil spain @ 0.02-0.52%
Data
cascarilla bark oil @ 0.60%
Data
cassia plant
cassis bud oil @ trace-1.80%
Data
cedarleaf oil canada @ 0.32-0.53%
Data
cedarwood oil lebanon @ >0.10%
Data
celery leaf oil
celery seed
chamomile oil morocco @ 0.10%
Data
chenopodium ambrosioides oil @ 0.1%
Data
cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 0.50%
Data
cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 2.20%
Data
cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark
cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf
cinnamon ceylon cinnamon root bark
cinnamon ceylon cinnamon stem bark
cinnamon oil CO2 extract @ 0.01-0.03%
Data
clary sage oil sardinia @ 0.90%
Data
clary sage oil spain @ trace%
Data
coriander
coriander fruit
coriander oil
coriander seed oil
coriander seed oil @ 4.50%
Data
coriander seed oil cuba @ 4.08%
Data
cornmint leaf
cornmint oil
crithmum maritimum l. oil turkey @ 19.30%
Data
croton cajucara benth. leaf oil brazil @ trace%
Data
croton flavens l. (welensali) leaf oil curacao @ 0.20%
Data
cubeb oil @ 1.14%
Data
cumin
cumin oil
cumin seed
cumin seed oil
cumin seed oil egypt @ 19.12%
Data
cumin seed oil turkey @ 29.1%
Data
curcuma mangga
curry fruit oil india @ 3.00%
Data
curry leaf oil india @ 0.20%
Data
cypress cone oil egypt @ 0.8%
Data
cypress oil @ 0.41-0.51%
Data
dill leaf
dill seed
dill weed oil reunion @ trace%
Data
echinophora cinerea oil iran @ 0.30%
Data
eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn. leaf oil jerusalem @ 1.30%
Data
eucalyptus camaldulensis dehnh. leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.60%
Data
eucalyptus deaneti maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 2.10%
Data
eucalyptus delegatensis r. baker leaf oil ethiopia @ 18.00%
Data
eucalyptus globulus bicostata oil @ 0.15%
Data
eucalyptus globulus bud oil @ trace%
Data
eucalyptus globulus fruit oil @ 0.18%
Data
eucalyptus globulus oil @ 0.17%
Data
eucalyptus globulus oil pakistan @ 1.20%
Data
eucalyptus globulus oil rwanda @ 3.20%
Data
eucalyptus globulus oil zambia @ 0.50%
Data
eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.30%
Data
eucalyptus nitens (deane et maiden) maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.10%
Data
eucalyptus saligna smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.90%
Data
eucalyptus tereticornis smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 1.00%
Data
eucalyptus urophylla s.t. blake leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.20%
Data
featherfew leaf oil @ 1.87%
Data
fennel absolute sweet @ 0.20%
Data
fennel flower oil bitter lithuania @ 0.81%
Data
fennel oil
fennel plant
fennel seed
fennel seed oil
fennel seed oil bitter spain @ 0.40%
Data
ferula cupularis flower oil @ 2.19%
Data
feverfew flower oil @ 0.1%
Data
feverfew leaf oil belgium @ 1.0%
Data
fir needle oil canada @ 0.06-0.31%
Data
fir needle oil siberia @ 0.14%
Data
foeniculum vulgare piperitum oil @ 5.10%
Data
frankincense oil somalia @ 0.10%
Data
galangal root oil @ 0.22%
Data
ginger rhizome
ginger rhizome oil
glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) seed oil india @ 0.60%
Data
grapefruit
grapefruit juice
grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.01%
Data
grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.07%
Data
grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.08%
Data
grapefruit oil c.p. italy @ 0.02%
Data
grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.10%
Data
grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.12%
Data
grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.16%
Data
grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 15.41%
Data
grapefruit oil CO2 extract @ 0.74%
Data
guava leaf oil cuba @ trace%
Data
heracleum candolleanum rhizome oil india @ 4.60%
Data
heracleum paphlagonicum czeczott fruit oil turkey @ 0.30%
Data
herniaria incana lam. oil greece @ trace%
Data
hinoki leaf oil @ 1.77%
Data
hinoki root oil @ 0.45%
Data
hinoki wood oil @ 0.15%
Data
ho leaf oil @ 0.30%
Data
horsemint shoot
hypericum dogonbadanicum assadi oil iran @ 0.60%
Data
hyptis spicigera lam. oil mali @ trace-0.20%
Data
hyptis suaveolens (l.) poit. oil mali @ 1.00-2.10%
Data
hyssop leaf
juniper berry oil CO2 extract @ 6.90%
Data
juniper branch oil @ 1.80%
Data
juniper needle oil @ 3.00%
Data
kewda oil @ 0.28-0.76%
Data
labdanum leaf oil @ 0.40%
Data
labdanum oil @ 0.35%
Data
laurel bark oil @ 0.3%
Data
laurel berry oil @ 0.8%
Data
laurel leaf oil turkey @ 1.80%
Data
laurel stem oil @ 0.2%
Data
laurel wood oil @ 0.1%
Data
lavandin oil abrialis @ 0.26%
Data
lavandin oil grosso @ 0.40%
Data
lavandin water (lavandula hydrida) @ 0.05%
Data
lavender oil france @ 0.07%
Data
lavender oil greece @ 0.07%
Data
lavender oil spike france @ 0.15%
Data
lavender spike water @ 0.02%
Data
layana oil kenya @ 1.64%
Data
layana oil wild zimbabwe @ 0.30-1.90%
Data
layana oil zimbabwe @ 0.7%
Data
lemon fruit juice
lemon leaf oil
lemon oil
lemon oil california @ 8.32%
Data
lemon oil expressed italy @ 10.56%
Data
lemon pericarp
lemon pericarp oil
lemon petiole
lemon verbena oil morocco @ 1.0%
Data
lemon verbena oil turkey @ 0.08%
Data
lemongrass oil @ 0.04%
Data
levisticum officinale flower oil @ 1.87%
Data
levisticum officinale seed oil @ 0.39%
Data
lime fruit
lime oil CO2 extract mexico @ 2.46%
Data
lime oil distilled mexico @ 11.02%
Data
lime oil distilled peru @ 13.35%
Data
lime oil expressed florida @ 17.0%
Data
lime peel
lippia aff. gracillis h.b.k. leaf oil brazil @ 10.60%
Data
lovage flower oil @ 1.40%
Data
lovage leaf oil @ 2.60%
Data
lovage root
lovage root oil @ 0.74%
Data
lovage seed oil @ 2.11%
Data
mace oil @ 6.60%
Data
mace oil CO2 extract @ 1.20%
Data
mace oil east india @ 1.83%
Data
mandarin fruit
mandarin leaf oil
mandarin oil @ 19.17%
Data
mandarin oil avana @ 16.68%
Data
mandarin oil avana @ 17.17%
Data
mandarin oil italy @ 19.17%
Data
mandarin oil italy @ 19.85%
Data
mandarin oil japan @ 4.60%
Data
mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.01-0.02%
Data
manuka var. eximium oil australia @ 0.10%
Data
manuka var. rotundifolium oil australia @ 0.30%
Data
manuka var. scoparium oil new zealand @ 0.16%
Data
marjoram leaf
marjoram leaf oil
marjoram oil
marjoram oil @ 2.20%
Data
marjoram oil spain @ 0.10%
Data
marjoram oil sweet cuba @ 8.34%
Data
marjoram oil sweet cyprus @ 8.30-11.10%
Data
marjoram oil sweet iran @ 8.80%
Data
marjoram oil sweet morocco @ 1.21%
Data
marjoram oil sweet turkey @ 3.72-4.84%
Data
marjoram pot oil turkey @ 1.83-16.32%
Data
mastic fruit oil @ 0.02%
Data
mastic leaf oil @ 0.07%
Data
mastic oil @ 0.01%
Data
mayur pankh fruit oil himalaya @ 1.10%
Data
melissa oil @ 0.40%
Data
mentha longifolia (l.) huds. oil jordan @ 0.10%
Data
michelia alba flower absolute @ 0.01%
Data
microstrobos fitzgeraldii leaf oil australia @ 0.20%
Data
microstrobos niphophilus leaf oil australia @ 0.70%
Data
mikan peel oil @ 4.80%
Data
mint
myristica fragrans fruit oil @ 3.90%
Data
myrrhinium atropurpureum schott leaf oil brazil @ 0.80%
Data
myrtle lemon scented leaf oil australia @ 0.30%
Data
myrtle oil @ 0.15%
Data
narcissus absolute @ 10.29%
Data
narcissus absolute @ 27.21%
Data
nepeta denudata benth. oil iran @ 0.80%
Data
neroli oil CO2 extract @ 0.06%
Data
niaouli oil egypt @ 1.00%
Data
nutmeg extract CO2 west indian @ 0.80%
Data
nutmeg flower oil @ 4.63%
Data
nutmeg leaf oil @ 1.80-5.96%
Data
nutmeg oil
nutmeg oil hydrodistilled india @ 3.9%
Data
nutmeg oil india @ 1.80%
Data
nutmeg seed
nutmeg seed oil
ocimum gratissimum l. oil brazil @ 0.07%
Data
ocimun viride
orange fruit
orange fruit juice
orange oil c.p. brazil @ trace-0.02%
Data
orange peel oil
orange peel oil bitter brazil @ 0.07%
Data
orange peel oil bitter china @ 4.25%
Data
orange peel oil bitter italy @ 0.02%
Data
orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.004%
Data
orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.005%
Data
orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.006%
Data
orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.007%
Data
orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.017%
Data
oregano oil
oregano oil mexico @ 0.54%
Data
oregano plant
oregano plant
oregano shoot
oregano shoot oil
origanum oil greece @ 6.43%
Data
orthodon dianthera maxim. oil vietnam @ 0.10%
Data
osmanthus absolute @ 0.20%
Data
palmarosa oil @ trace%
Data
papaya fruit
parsley fruit oil
parsley leaf
parsley leaf oil @ 0.09%
Data
parsley leaf oil cuba @ 0.03%
Data
parsley seed
parsley seed oil
parsley seed oil @ 0.10%
Data
parsnip root
pepper bell pepper fruit
pepper black pepper fruit
pepper black pepper fruit oil
pepper black pepper seed oil
pepper oil black india @ 0.50%
Data
peppermint leaf
peppermint oil america @ 0.68%
Data
petitgrain bigarade oil @ 1.60%
Data
petitgrain combava oil @ 0.07%
Data
petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 12.00%
Data
petitgrain lemon oil @ 0.79%
Data
petitgrain lime oil @ 0.30%
Data
petitgrain oil @ 0.10%
Data
petitgrain sweet oil @ 0.11%
Data
peucedanum petiolare (dc) boiss oil iran @ 0.10%
Data
phoebe oil brazil @ 0.03%
Data
pimenta leaf oil @ 0.56%
Data
pimenta racemosa leaf oil lemon @ 0.04%
Data
pimento berry oil @ 1.1%
Data
pimento berry oil CO2 extract jamaica @ trace%
Data
pine needle oil dwarf @ 0.23%
Data
pine needle oil scotch siberia @ 0.9-1.2%
Data
pinus spp.
pinus sylvestris l. needle oil estonia @ 0.30%
Data
pinus sylvestris l. needle oil yugoslavia @ 0.20%
Data
plectranthus glandulosus hook f. leaf oil cameroon @ 0.20%
Data
prangos uechtritzii boiss. et hausskn. fruit oil turkey @ 7.00%
Data
prangos uloptera dc. oil iran @ 2.10%
Data
ravintsara leaf oil @ 2.15%%
Data
rosemary leaf
rosemary leaf oil
rosemary oil corsica @ 1.90%
Data
rosemary oil egypt @ 0.26%
Data
rosemary oil france @ 0.28-1.28%
Data
rosemary oil morocco @ 0.93-1.19%
Data
rosemary oil spain @ 10.8%
Data
rosemary oil turkey @ 1.52%
Data
rosemary plant
rosemary sap
rosemary shoot
rosemary shoot oil
saffron stigma
sage clary sage
sage leaf
sage leaf oil
sage oil albania @ 0.50%
Data
sage oil cuba @ 0.29%
Data
sage oil dalmatian @ 0.16%
Data
sage oil dalmatian @ 0.20%
Data
sage oil dalmatian @ 0.50%
Data
sage oil england @ 0.10%
Data
sage oil germany @ 0.20%
Data
sage oil hydrodistillation france @ 0.20%
Data
sage oil reunion @ 0.30%
Data
sage oil sardinia @ 0.20%
Data
sage oil spain @ 0.0-0.7%
Data
sage oil spain @ 0.1%
Data
sage oil spain @ 0.30%
Data
sage plant
salvia atropatana bunge oil iran @ 0.10%
Data
salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil spain @ 1.10%
Data
salvia officinalis oil cuba @ 0.29%
Data
salvia officinalis oil reunion @ 0.32%
Data
santolina oil @ 1.35%
Data
satureja khuzistanica jamzad oil iran @ 18.90%
Data
satureja viminea l. oil costa rica @ trace%
Data
savin
savin oil @ 1.30%
Data
savory oil summer @ 47.23-53.22%
Data
savory oil winter @ 10.80%
Data
savory oleoresin winter @ 10.80%
Data
savory summer savory plant
savory winter savory oil
savory winter savory plant
snake root oil canada @ 0.80%
Data
spearmint oil
spearmint oil america @ 0.07-0.14%
Data
stachys recta l. oil serbia @ 0.30%
Data
star fruit oil cuba @ trace%
Data
sugandha kokila berry oil @ 0.60%
Data
tagete oil CO2 extract @ 0.26%
Data
tagete oil rwanda @ trace%
Data
tagete oil turkey @ 0.05%
Data
tanacetum annum l. oil marocco @ 1.50%
Data
tangerine oil america @ 1.96%
Data
tansy flower oil canada @ 0.37%
Data
tansy flower oil dutch @ trace%
Data
tansy leaf oil dutch @ 0.30%
Data
tansy oil argentina @ 0.25%
Data
tansy oil canada @ 0.30%
Data
tansy oil marocco @ 0.40%
Data
tarragon oil
tarragon shoot
tea tree oil australia @ 21.15%
Data
thevetia peruviana (pers.) k. schum. flower oil brazil @ 2.00%
Data
thyme absolute @ 2.45%
Data
thyme oil
thyme oil portuguese @ 15.0%
Data
thyme oil red CO2 extract @ 0.67%
Data
thyme oil red CO2 extract spain @ 25.0%
Data
thyme oil red india @ 14.5%
Data
thyme oil red spain @ 12.06-12.27%
Data
thyme oil spain @ 0.36%
Data
thyme oil spain @ 10.95%
Data
thyme oil wild or creeping canada @ 0.50%
Data
thyme oil wild or creeping pakistan @ 1.66%
Data
thyme plant
thymus richardii pers. subsp. nitidus (guss.) jalas oil italy @ trace%
Data
trachyspermum roxburghianum benth. ex. kurz. seed oil india @ 6.70%
Data
turmeric leaf
turmeric oil china @ 2.72%
Data
turmeric rhizome
valerian root oil @ trace-0.2%
Data
vassoura oil @ 0.10%
Data
water mint shoot
wormseed
wormseed oil america @ 0.58%
Data
wormseed oil spain @ 0.03%
Data
wormwood oil america @ 0.41%
Data
wormwood oil annus france @ 0.07-0.34%
Data
wormwood oil cuba @ 2.08%
Data
wormwood oil italy @ 0.6%
Data
yarrow leaf oil @ 1.80%
Data
yarrow oil @ 0.60%
Data
yarrow oil greece @ 0.30%
Data
yuzu leaf oil @ 13.62-18.46%
Data
yuzu peel oil c.p. @ 7.59-7.78%
Data
yuzu peel oil CO2 extract @ 7.43-10.49%
Data
zanthoxylum bracchyacanthum l. leaf oil australia @ 0.10%
Data
Synonyms
crithmene
1,4-
cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-
1,4-
cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-isopropyl-
p-
mentha-1,4-diene
para-
mentha-1,4-diene
1,4-p-
menthadiene
1,4-para-
menthadiene
4-
methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-
methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-
methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-
methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexa-1,4-diene
1-
methyl-4-isopropyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-
methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
moslene
4-iso
propyl-1-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-iso
propyl-4-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-iso
propyl-4-methylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
g-
terpinene
gamma-
terpinene 60% ex lemon natural
gamma-
terpinene 70% ex lemon natural
terpinene gamma natural
gamma-
terpinene natural
gamma-
terpinene P&F
PubMed:
The chemical composition and the content of volatile oil: potential factors that can contribute to the oxidative stability of Nigella sativa L. crude oil.
PubMed:
Volatile aroma components and antioxidant activities of the flavedo peel extract of unripe Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata).
PubMed:
Comparative study on the antioxidant capacity and cholinesterase inhibitory activity of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, C. aurantium L., and C. bergamia Risso and Poit. peel essential oils.
PubMed:
a-Terpinene, an antioxidant in tea tree oil, autoxidizes rapidly to skin allergens on air exposure.
PubMed:
A comparative study on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum).
PubMed:
Terpene synthases of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and their roles in the pathway and regulation of terpene biosynthesis.
PubMed:
Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods.
PubMed:
Flavor components of monoterpenes in citrus essential oils enhance the release of monoamines from rat brain slices.
PubMed:
Character impact odorants of Citrus Hallabong [(C. unshiu Marcov x C. sinensis Osbeck) x C. reticulata Blanco] cold-pressed peel oil.
PubMed:
Characterization of the odor-active volatiles in citrus Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka).
PubMed:
Volatile flavor components of ripe and overripe ki-mikans (Citrus flaviculpus Hort. ex Tanaka) in comparison with Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka).
PubMed:
Encapsulation of lemon oil by paste method using beta-cyclodextrin: encapsulation efficiency and profile of oil volatiles.
PubMed:
A comparative study on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum).
