bergamot oil bergaptene reduced italy
volatile oil obtained from the peel of citrus aurantium bergamia, rutaceae, bergaptene reduced
Identification
| Name | bergamot oil bergaptene reduced italy |
| IUPAC | citrus × bergamia peel oil bergaptene reduced |
| CAS Number | 68648-33-9 |
| FDA UNII | Search |
Regulatory
| FEMA Number | 2153 |
| FDA | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm (SATF) | 8007-75-8 ; BERGAMOT, OIL (CITRUS AURANTIUM L. SUBSP. BERGAMIA WRIGHT ET ARN.) |
| FDA Regulation | FDA PART 182 -- SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE |
Physical Properties
| Appearance | colorless to pale greenish yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Specific Gravity | 0.86200 to 0.87000 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Pounds per Gallon - (est). | 7.173 to 7.239 |
| Refractive Index | 1.45900 to 1.46790 @ 20.00 °C. |
| Optical Rotation | +15.00 to +28.00 |
| Flash Point | 125.00 °F. TCC ( 51.67 °C. ) |
| Shelf Life | 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Soluble in | alcohol |
| Insoluble in | water |
| Stability | bath foam |
Cosmetic Information
| CosIng | cosmetic data |
| Cosmetic Uses | fragrance |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Strength | medium |
| Substantivity | 8 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| Odor Description |
at 100.00 %. Citrus, floral, sweet, spicy, green and orange peely, with lemon, lime and ginger nuances fresh, citrus, green, cologne note Citrus, earl grey tea, fresh, aldehydic
|
| Odor sample from | Charabot & Co., Inc. |
| Taste Description |
at 25.00 ppm. citrus, fresh
|
Safety Information
| European information | Most important hazard(s): |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | oral-rat LD50 11520 mg/kg |
| Dermal Toxicity | Not determined |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment | Search |
| IFRA Critical Effect | Dermal sensitization and systemic toxicity |
| IFRA Purity Specification | bergaptenes reduced |
| fragrance material specification | Where the bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen) content of all relevant oils present in a compound has been determined, it is recommended that for applications on areas of skin exposed to sunshine, excluding bath preparations, soaps and other products which are washed off the skin, the total level of bergapten in the consumer products should not exceed 0.0015% (15 ppm). This is equivalent to 0.0075% (75 ppm) in a fragrance compound used at 20% in the consumer product. Where the level of bergapten has not been determined by appropriate methods, the limits specified in the guidelines on individual oils should apply. In those cases, where such oils are used in combination with other phototoxic ingredients, the additive effect has to be taken into consideration and the use levels have to be reduced accordingly. The sum of the concentrations of all phototoxic fragrance ingredients, expressed in % of their recommended maximum level in the consumer product, shall not exceed 100. |
| limits in the finished product for - "leave on the skin contact" | 0.4000 % Restriction. |
| limits in the finished product for - "wash off the skin contact" | 15.0000 % Recommendation. |
| limits in the finished product for - "no skin contact" | 30.0000 % Recommendation. |
| Recommendation for bergamot oil bergaptene reduced italy usage levels up to | 30.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. |
| baked goods | - |
| beverages(nonalcoholic) | - |
| beverages(alcoholic) | - |
| breakfast cereal | - |
| cheese | - |
| chewing gum | - |
| condiments / relishes | - |
| confectionery froastings | 1.00000 |
| egg products | - |
| fats / oils | - |
| fish products | - |
| frozen dairy | - |
| fruit ices | - |
| gelatins / puddings | 5.30000 |
| granulated sugar | - |
| gravies | - |
| hard candy | - |
| imitation dairy | - |
| instant coffee / tea | - |
| jams / jellies | - |
| meat products | - |
| milk products | - |
| nut products | - |
| other grains | - |
| poultry | - |
| processed fruits | - |
| processed vegetables | - |
| reconstituted vegetables | - |
| seasonings / flavors | - |
| snack foods | - |
| soft candy | - |
| soups | - |
| sugar substitutes | - |
| sweet sauces | - |
Azelis UK Ltd.
Chemical Distribution
Azelis is a leading global distributor of speciality chemicals.
Berje Inc.
Where the world comes to its senses
Where the world comes to its senses - Berjé is a global distributor of Essential Oils and Aromatic Chemicals.
Bontoux SAS
Major international supplier
Major international Producer of aromatic ingredients for the production of fragrances, flavors, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and Aromatherapy.
Charkit Chemical Corporation
The Specialty Chemical Specialists
Explore this website to discover the products and services that Charkit provides for your industry and please contact us directly to find out how we can be of service to you.
Elixens America, Inc.
Sharing What Nature Inspires
US affiliate supplying Conventional and Certified Organic Essential Oils since 1998; specializing in French Essential Oils.
Excellentia International
Ingredients by Nature
Exceptional quality and excellence in meeting our customers requirements.
Fleurchem, Inc.
Have A Flavorful Day
A leading global manufacturer and supplier of ingredients for Flavors, Fragrances, AromaTherapy, Foods, Beverages, Personal Care Products, and other uses.
Hermitage Oils / Neroli S.R.L.
Perfumery and Aromatherapy materials since 1979
Hermitage Oils, the true home of essential oils!
Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division
Commitment to quality
Idukern F&F Ingredients is your partner for the fragrance and flavor ingredients.
Lluch Essence S.L.
A family company dedicated to sales and distribution
Flexibility, availability, price and quality.
Pell Wall Perfumes
Hand-made fragrances
Pell Wall maintains a broad palette of ingredients & in order to keep stocks fresh & the options wide we also sell from our own stock.
Penta International Corporation
Chemistry innovation
At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better.
Taytonn ASCC Pte Ltd
Supplying Asia Pacific
We fully understand the demands of the F&F industry and we endeavour to supply quality products, with ready availability and a personalised service.
The John D. Walsh Company, Inc
Suppliers Since 1942
Supplying the fragrance and flavor industry with high quality products.
The Lermond Company
Your Sourcing Resource
The Lermond family has been sourcing raw materials for the flavor and fragrance industry for nearly 7 decades.
The Perfumery
Bringing You Quality, Innovation, and Value... Naturally!
Highest Quality Wholesale Essential Oils & Natural Isolates.
R C Treatt and Co Ltd
Innovative ingredient solutions
World-leading innovative ingredient solutions provider for the flavour, fragrance and FMCG industries.
Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
bergamot B.F oil organic
bergamot EO-hiXform
bergamot ess. oil (for fragrance) (Robertet)
bergamot essential oil BF
bergamot italy BF essential oil
bergamot oil bergaptene free italy
bergamot oil (bergaptene free) italy, calabria organic
bergamot oil B.F.
bergamot oil bergaptene free
bergamot oil bergaptene free FCC
bergamot oil bergaptene reduced
bergamot oil bergaptene reduced (citrus aurantium var. bergamia wright et arn.) italy
bergamot oil bergaptene reduced italy
bergamot oil italian bergaptene free
bergamot oil psoralen reduced italy
bergamot oil rectified ivory coast
bergamot oil, B.F.
bergamot oil, bergaptene free colorless
bergamot orange oil bergaptene reduced italy
bergamote SS bergaptene deco eo
bergamote SS bergaptene ess select 01
citrus aurantium bergamia peel oil psoralen reduced italy
citrus aurantium var. bergamia peel oil bergaptene reduced italy
citrus bergamia peel oil psoralen reduced italy
citrus x bergamia peel oil psoralen reduced italy
oil bergamot italian rectified, furo coumarin reduced
volatile oil obtained from the peel of citrus aurantium bergamia, rutaceae, bergaptene reduced
PubMed:
Citrus bergamia essential oil: from basic research to clinical application.
PubMed:
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) Flavonoids and Their Potential Benefits in Human Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis: an Overview.
PubMed:
The essential oil of Citrus bergamiaâ
Risso induces vasorelaxation of the mouse aorta by activating K(+) channels and inhibiting Ca(2+) influx.
PubMed:
In vitro effect of bergamot (Citrus bergamia) juice against cagA-positive and-negative clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori.
PubMed:
Effects of bergamot ( Citrus bergamia (Risso) Wright & Arn.) essential oil aromatherapy on mood states, parasympathetic nervous system activity, and salivary cortisol levels in 41 healthy females.
PubMed:
Effect of Citrus bergamia juice on human neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in metastatic xenograft models.
PubMed:
Ultra high performance liquid chromatography with ion-trap TOF-MS for the fast characterization of flavonoids in Citrus bergamia juice.
PubMed:
Mechanisms underlying the anti-tumoral effects of Citrus Bergamia juice.
PubMed:
Citrus bergamia Risso Elevates Intracellular Ca (2+) in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells due to Release of Ca (2+) from Primary Intracellular Stores.
PubMed:
In vitro activity of Citrus bergamia (bergamot) oil against clinical isolates of dermatophytes.
PubMed:
Protective effects of an extract from Citrus bergamia against inflammatory injury in interferon-γ and histamine exposed human keratinocytes.
PubMed:
In vitro antimycoplasmal activity of Citrus bergamia essential oil and its major components.
PubMed:
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) fruit extracts and identified components alter expression of interleukin 8 gene in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cell lines.
PubMed:
Citrus bergamia juice: phytochemical and technological studies.
PubMed:
Acute effects of bergamot oil on anxiety-related behaviour and corticosterone level in rats.
PubMed:
Antiviral activity of seed extract from Citrus bergamia towards human retroviruses.
PubMed:
Selective removal of monoterpenes from bergamot oil by inclusion in deoxycholic acid.
PubMed:
Proline derivatives in fruits of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poit): presence of N-methyl-L-proline and 4-hydroxy-L-prolinebetaine.
PubMed:
In vitro photo-induced cytotoxic activity of Citrus bergamia and C. medica L. cv. Diamante peel essential oils and identified active coumarins.
PubMed:
Action spectrum for bergamot-oil phototoxicity measured by sunburn cell counting.
PubMed:
Citrus bergamia Risso & Poiteau juice protects against renal injury of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats.
PubMed:
Phototoxic properties of perfumes containing bergamot oil on human skin: photoprotective effect of UVA and UVB sunscreens.
PubMed:
Implication of limonene and linalyl acetate in cytotoxicity induced by bergamot essential oil in human neuroblastoma cells.
PubMed:
In vitro photostability and photosensitizing properties of bergamot oil. Effects of a cinnamate sunscreen.
PubMed:
Bergamot essential oil differentially modulates intracellular Ca2+ levels in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells: a new finding seen with fura-2.
PubMed:
Phototumorigenesis studies of 5-methoxypsoralen in bergamot oil: evaluation and modification of risk of human use in an albino mouse skin model.
PubMed:
[Phototoxicity of Bergamot oil. Comparison between humans and guinea pigs].
PubMed:
Statin-like principles of bergamot fruit (Citrus bergamia): isolation of 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl flavonoid glycosides.
PubMed:
Effects of rootstock on the composition of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) essential oil.
PubMed:
Phototoxicity of bergamot oil assessed by in vitro techniques in combination with human patch tests.
PubMed:
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) fruit extracts as γ-globin gene expression inducers: phytochemical and functional perspectives.
PubMed:
High quality bergamot oil from Greece: Chemical analysis using chiral gas chromatography and larvicidal activity against the West Nile virus vector.
PubMed:
[Toxic mustard plaster dematitis and phototoxic dematitis after application of bergamot oil].
PubMed:
Evaluation of phototoxic and photogenotoxic risk associated with the use of photosensitizers in suntan preparations: application to tanning preparations containing bergamot oil.
PubMed:
Genotoxicity of bergapten and bergamot oil in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed:
Pectin methylesterase in Citrus bergamia R.: purification, biochemical characterisation and sequence of the exon related to the enzyme active site.
PubMed:
Comparison of the volatile constituents in cold-pressed bergamot oil and a volatile oil isolated by vacuum distillation.
PubMed:
The photochemistry and photobiology of bergamot oil as a perfume ingredient: an overview.
PubMed:
Local sensitization of the skin to Grenz rays by bergamot oil.
PubMed:
The protective effect of bergamot oil extract on lecitine-like oxyLDL receptor-1 expression in balloon injury-related neointima formation.
PubMed:
Combination of supercritical CO2 and vacuum distillation for the fractionation of bergamot oil.
PubMed:
Toxic profile of bergamot essential oil on survival and proliferation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
PubMed:
Hypolipidemic effects of Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau juice in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet.
PubMed:
Distribution of flavonoids and furocoumarins in juices from cultivars of Citrus bergamia Risso.
PubMed:
Chemical and biological diversity of Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) in relation to environmental factors.
PubMed:
A study of oil of bergamot and its importance as a phototoxic agent. II. Factors which affect the phototoxic reaction induced by bergamot oil and psoralen derivatives.
PubMed:
Study of the extraction procedure by experimental design and validation of a LC method for determination of flavonoids in Citrus bergamia juice.
PubMed:
[Contact dermatitis caused by bergamot oil].
PubMed:
Effects of bergamot essential oil and its extractive fractions on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell growth.
PubMed:
Characterization of flavonoids and pectins from bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) peel, a major byproduct of essential oil extraction.
PubMed:
[Chemical composition of the endocarpus of the fruit of bergamot (Citrus bergamia, Risso)].
PubMed:
[The zinc oxide and bergamot oil gingival dressing and rationale of its preparation].
PubMed:
[EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF GINGIVAL DRESSING WITH BERGAMOT OIL].
PubMed:
Evaluation of flavonoids and furanocoumarins from Citrus bergamia (Bergamot) juice and identification of new compounds.
PubMed:
Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids extracted from bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) peel, a byproduct of the essential oil industry.
PubMed:
Enzymatic hydrolysis of flavonoids and pectic oligosaccharides from bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) peel.
PubMed:
Flavonoid glycosides in bergamot juice (Citrus bergamia Risso).
PubMed:
Rodenticidal activity of two natural coumarines from ether extract of Citrus bergamia.
PubMed:
[Accidents due to tanning cosmetics with a base of bergamot oil].
PubMed:
[Simplified method of preparation of the zinc oxide-bergamot oil gingival dressing].
PubMed:
The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of bergamot juice extract (BJe) in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease.
PubMed:
Linalool Affects the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Essential Oils.
PubMed:
In Vitro Activity of Twenty Commercially Available, Plant-Derived Essential Oils against Selected Dermatophyte Species.
PubMed:
A Systematic Review of the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Essential Oils in Animal Models.
PubMed:
TELOMERE AND TELOMERASE MODULATION BY BERGAMOT POLYPHENOLIC FRACTION IN EXPERIMENTAL PHOTOAGEING IN HUMAN KERATINOCYTES.
PubMed:
Eriocitrin and Apigenin as New Carbonic Anhydrase VA Inhibitors from a Virtual Screening of Calabrian Natural Products.
PubMed:
Fungal decay and shelf life of oranges coated with chitosan and bergamot, thyme, and tea tree essential oils.
PubMed:
The use of aromasticks at a cancer centre: a retrospective audit.
PubMed:
The essential oil of bergamot stimulates reactive oxygen species production in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
PubMed:
Antibacterial activity of essential oils, their blends and mixtures of their main constituents against some strains supporting livestock mastitis.
PubMed:
Flavonoid fraction of Bergamot juice reduces LPS-induced inflammatory response through SIRT1-mediated NF-κB inhibition in THP-1 monocytes.
PubMed:
Bergamot juice extract inhibits proliferation by inducing apoptosis in human colon cancer cells.
PubMed:
Magnetically recoverable, thermostable, hydrophobic DNA/silica encapsulates and their application as invisible oil tags.
PubMed:
Role of D-Limonene in autophagy induced by bergamot essential oil in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
PubMed:
Anticancer activity of liposomal bergamot essential oil (BEO) on human neuroblastoma cells.
PubMed:
Peripherally injected linalool and bergamot essential oil attenuate mechanical allodynia via inhibiting spinal ERK phosphorylation.
PubMed:
The anti-biofilm activity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) essential oils against five strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
PubMed:
N-methylated tryptamine derivatives in citrus genus plants: identification of N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine in bergamot.
PubMed:
Inhibitory effect of essential oils against Trichosporon ovoides causing Piedra Hair Infection.
PubMed:
Effects of systemic administration of the essential oil of bergamot (BEO) on gross behaviour and EEG power spectra recorded from the rat hippocampus and cerebral cortex.
PubMed:
The mechanism of action of a citrus oil blend against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.
PubMed:
Prevention of Glutamate Accumulation and Upregulation of Phospho-Akt may Account for Neuroprotection Afforded by Bergamot Essential Oil against Brain Injury Induced by Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rat.
PubMed:
Inhalation aromatherapy in children and adolescents undergoing stem cell infusion: results of a placebo-controlled double-blind trial.
PubMed:
Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil into the mouse hindpaw: effects on capsaicin-induced nociceptive behaviors.
PubMed:
Occurrence of pipecolic acid and pipecolic acid betaine (homostachydrine) in Citrus genus plants.
PubMed:
[Analysis of 14 elements for Jinhua bergamot by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and elemental analyser].
PubMed:
Cell signaling pathways in the mechanisms of neuroprotection afforded by bergamot essential oil against NMDA-induced cell death in vitro.
PubMed:
The effect of lemon, orange and bergamot essential oils and their components on the survival of Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli O157, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in food systems.
PubMed:
Betaines in fruits of Citrus genus plants.
PubMed:
Aroma-therapeutic effects of massage blended essential oils on humans.
PubMed:
Antioxidant/lipoxygenase inhibitory activities and chemical compositions of selected essential oils.
PubMed:
Update of the toxicological assessment of furanocoumarins in foodstuffs (Update of the SKLM statement of 23/24 September 2004)--Opinion of the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (DFG).
PubMed:
Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil induces peripheral antinociception mediated by opioid mechanism.
PubMed:
UVB phototherapeutic modalities. Comparison of two treatments for chronic plaque psoriasis.
PubMed:
Neuropharmacology of the essential oil of bergamot.
PubMed:
Effects of music and essential oil inhalation on cardiac autonomic balance in healthy individuals.
PubMed:
[Not Available].
PubMed:
In vitro protective effects of two extracts from bergamot peels on human endothelial cells exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).
PubMed:
New asymmetrical per-substituted cyclodextrins (2-O-methyl-3-O-ethyl- and 2-O-ethyl-3-O-methyl-6-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-beta-derivatives) as chiral selectors for enantioselective gas chromatography in the flavour and fragrance field.
PubMed:
[Purely natural: phototoxic dermatitis].
PubMed:
Assessment of the phototoxic hazard of some essential oils using modified 3T3 neutral red uptake assay.
PubMed:
In vitro activity of bergamot natural essence and furocoumarin-free and distilled extracts, and their associations with boric acid, against clinical yeast isolates.
PubMed:
Inhibition of bergaptene toxicity by UV-A filters.
PubMed:
Determination of 5-methoxypsoralen in human serum.
PubMed:
[The effects of aromatherapy on stress and stress responses in adolescents].
PubMed:
In vitro inhibition of vancomycin-susceptible and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis in the presence of citrus essential oils.
PubMed:
Estimating bergamot juice adulteration of lemon juice by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of flavanone glycosides.
PubMed:
Further insights into the floral character of Touriga Nacional wines.
PubMed:
Phytophotodermatitis.
PubMed:
The survival of three strains of Arcobacter butzleri in the presence of lemon, orange and bergamot essential oils and their components in vitro and on food.
PubMed:
Inhalation aromatherapy during radiotherapy: results of a placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial.
PubMed:
Analysis of limette and bergamot distilled essential oils by HPLC.
PubMed:
Dangers of the intake of psoralens and subsequent UV exposure producing significant burns.
PubMed:
Quantitative assessment of epidermal melanogenesis in C3H/Tif hr/hr mice treated with topical furocoumarins and UVA radiation.
PubMed:
High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of citropten and bergapten in suction blister fluid after solar product application in humans.
PubMed:
[Vitamin content of bergamot].
PubMed:
Mosquito larvicidal activity of aromatic medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens.
PubMed:
Toxic effects of six plant oils alone and in combination with controlled atmosphere on Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae).
PubMed:
Studies on the genotoxic properties of essential oils with Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and Salmonella/microsome reversion assay.
PubMed:
[Effects of aroma hand massage on pain, state anxiety and depression in hospice patients with terminal cancer].
PubMed:
Evaluation of phototoxic properties of fragrances.
PubMed:
[The effects of the inhalation method using essential oils on blood pressure and stress responses of clients with essential hypertension].
PubMed:
The essential oil of bergamot enhances the levels of amino acid neurotransmitters in the hippocampus of rat: implication of monoterpene hydrocarbons.
PubMed:
High-throughput analysis of bergamot essential oil by fast solid-phase microextraction-capillary gas chromatography-flame ionization detection.
PubMed:
Determination of some heavy metals and selenium in Sicilian and Calabrian citrus essential oils using derivative stripping chronopotentiometry.
PubMed:
Pesticide and plasticizer residues in bergamot essential oils from Calabria (Italy).
PubMed:
Earl Grey, in excess.
PubMed:
Accidental bullous phototoxic reactions to bergamot aromatherapy oil.
PubMed:
How big is a drop? A volumetric assay of essential oils.
PubMed:
Photoreactivity of 5-geranoxypsoralen and lack of photoreaction with DNA.
PubMed:
Citropten and bergapten suction blister fluid concentrations after solar product application in man.
PubMed:
A quantitative in vitro assay for the evaluation of phototoxic potential of topically applied materials.