ethyl nitrite
nitrous acid, ethyl ester
Identification
| Name | ethyl nitrite |
| IUPAC | ethyl nitrite |
| CAS Number | 109-95-5 |
| EINECS | 203-722-6 |
| FDA UNII | 8C7CJ279RV |
| Molecular Formula | C2 H5 N O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 75.06725000 |
| MDL Number | MFCD00010257 |
| Nikkaji Number | J47.917I |
| Beilstein | 1699562 |
| CoE Number | 11869 |
Regulatory
| FEMA Number | 2446 |
| FDA | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm (SATF) | 109-95-5 ; ETHYL NITRITE |
| FDA Regulation | FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION |
Physical Properties
| Appearance | colorless clear liquid (est) |
| Assay | 98.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Specific Gravity | 0.90090 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Boiling Point | 17.40 to 18.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 905.966980 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point | 59.00 °F. TCC ( 15.00 °C. ) |
| logP (o/w) | 0.712 (est) |
| Soluble in | alcohol |
| Insoluble in | water |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Description | at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. |
Safety Information
| Preferred SDS | View |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | Not determined |
| Dermal Toxicity | Not determined |
| Inhalation Toxicity | inhalation-rat LC50 160 ppm/4H |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements', 'BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT\nBEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)\nLUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS']
Safety in Use
| Category | information only not used for fragrances or flavors |
| Recommendation for ethyl nitrite usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| baked goods | - |
| beverages(nonalcoholic) | - |
| beverages(alcoholic) | - |
| breakfast cereal | - |
| cheese | - |
| chewing gum | - |
| condiments / relishes | - |
| confectionery froastings | - |
| egg products | - |
| fats / oils | - |
| fish products | - |
| frozen dairy | - |
| fruit ices | - |
| gelatins / puddings | - |
| granulated sugar | - |
| gravies | - |
| hard candy | 0.10000 |
| imitation dairy | - |
| instant coffee / tea | - |
| jams / jellies | - |
| meat products | - |
| milk products | - |
| nut products | - |
| other grains | - |
| poultry | - |
| processed fruits | - |
| processed vegetables | - |
| reconstituted vegetables | - |
| seasonings / flavors | - |
| snack foods | - |
| soft candy | - |
| soups | - |
| sugar substitutes | - |
| sweet sauces | - |
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Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
ethyl nitrite 15% in ethanol
ethyl nitrite solution
ethylnitrite
hyponitrous ether
nitrosyl ethoxide
nitrous acid ethyl ester
nitrous acid, ethyl ester
nitrous ether
nitrous ether 15% in ethanol
nitrous ethyl ether
spirit of nitrous ether
sweet spirit of nitre
PubMed:
Chirped-Pulse millimeter-Wave spectroscopy for dynamics and kinetics studies of pyrolysis reactions.
PubMed:
S-nitrosylation therapy to improve oxygen delivery of banked blood.
PubMed:
Repletion of S-nitrosohemoglobin improves organ function and physiological status in swine after brain death.
PubMed:
A comparison of organic and inorganic nitrates/nitrites.
PubMed:
Pharmacologically augmented S-nitrosylated hemoglobin improves recovery from murine subarachnoid hemorrhage.
PubMed:
Inclusion of a nitric oxide congener in the insufflation gas repletes S-nitrosohemoglobin and stabilizes physiologic status during prolonged carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum.
PubMed:
Transport rather than diffusion-dependent route for nitric oxide gas activity in alveolar epithelium.
PubMed:
Formation of nitric oxide, ethyl nitrite and an oxathiolone derivative of caffeic acid in a mixture of saliva and white wine.
PubMed:
Protection from lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by augmentation of airway S-nitrosothiols.
PubMed:
[Effect of ethyl nitrite versus inhaled nitric oxide in a rat model of acute pulmonary hypertension].
PubMed:
The potent vasodilator ethyl nitrite is formed upon reaction of nitrite and ethanol under gastric conditions.
PubMed:
Transformation of ethyl alcohol to ethyl nitrite in acidified saliva: possibility of its occurrence in the stomach.
PubMed:
Isomeric recognition by ion/molecule reactions: the ionized phenol-cyclohexadienone case.
PubMed:
Ab initio, density functional theory, and continuum solvation model prediction of the product ratio in the S(N)2 reaction of NO2(-) with CH3CH2Cl and CH3CH2Br in DMSO solution.
PubMed:
Efficacy of ethyl nitrite in reversing surgical vasospasm.
PubMed:
Inhaled ethyl nitrite prevents hyperoxia-impaired postnatal alveolar development in newborn rats.
PubMed:
Inclusion of an S-nitrosylating agent in the insufflating gas does not alter gastric activity in rats following pneumoperitoneum.
PubMed:
A nitric oxide processing defect of red blood cells created by hypoxia: deficiency of S-nitrosohemoglobin in pulmonary hypertension.
PubMed:
Formation of ethyl nitrite in vivo after ethanol administration.
PubMed:
A method to attenuate pneumoperitoneum-induced reductions in splanchnic blood flow.
PubMed:
Fourier transform infrared-probed O(3P) microreactor: demonstration with ethylene reactions in argon matrix.
PubMed:
The combined solid/solution-phase synthesis of nitrosamines: the evolution of the "libraries from libraries" concept.
PubMed:
Inhaled ethyl nitrite gas for persistent pulmonary hypertension in infants.
PubMed:
Inhaled ethyl nitrite gas for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.
PubMed:
Spin-labeled 1-alkyl-1-nitrosourea synergists of antitumor antibiotics.
PubMed:
Preparation and properties of S-nitroso-L-cysteine ethyl ester, an intracellular nitrosating agent.
PubMed:
Synthesis, characterization, solid-state molecular structures, and deprotonation reactions of cationic alcohol complexes of osmium nitrosyl porphyrins.
PubMed:
[A gas chromatographic method for detecting nitrites in the blood and stomach contents].
PubMed:
Direct demonstration of NO formation in vivo from organic nitrites and nitrates, and correlation to effects on blood pressure and to in vitro effects.
PubMed:
Oxidation of deoxyhemerythrin to semi-methemerythrin by nitrite.
PubMed:
Study of artificial flavouring substances for mutagenicity in the Salmonella/microsome, Basc and micronucleus tests.
PubMed:
Oxidation of hemoglobin and myoglobin by alkyl nitrites inhibition by oxygen.
PubMed:
Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of human deoxyhemoglobin by nitrites.
PubMed:
Ethyl nitrite. The in vivo synthesis of a mutagenic substance from tobacco smoke and ethanol.
PubMed:
Sudden death in an infant from methemoglobinemia after administration of "sweet spirits of nitre".
PubMed:
[Acute poisoning due to inhalation of ethyl nitrite vapors].