alpha-ionene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethylnaphthalene
Identification
| Name | alpha-ionene |
| IUPAC | 4,4,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphthalene |
| CAS Number | 475-03-6 |
| EINECS | 207-490-7 |
| FDA UNII | B2ZN1K7W3Q |
| Molecular Formula | C13 H18 |
| Molecular Weight | 174.28646000 |
| Nikkaji Number | J12.387K |
Regulatory
| FEMA Number | 4264 |
| FDA | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm (SATF) | 475-03-6 ; ALPHA-IONENE |
Physical Properties
| Assay | 95.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Specific Gravity | 0.93200 to 0.93800 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Pounds per Gallon - (est). | 7.755 to 7.805 |
| Refractive Index | 1.51900 to 1.52500 @ 20.00 °C. |
| Boiling Point | 242.00 to 245.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.053000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point | 208.00 °F. TCC ( 97.78 °C. ) |
| logP (o/w) | 4.960 (est) |
| Soluble in | alcohol |
| Insoluble in | water |
No sensory data available
Safety Information
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | Not determined |
| Dermal Toxicity | Not determined |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment | Search |
| Recommendation for alpha-ionene usage levels up to | 3.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU) | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI) | 3900 (μg/person/day) |
| Threshold of Concern | 540 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class | II |
| baked goods | - |
| beverages(nonalcoholic) | 0.50000 |
| beverages(alcoholic) | 0.50000 |
| breakfast cereal | 0.50000 |
| cheese | - |
| chewing gum | 0.50000 |
| condiments / relishes | - |
| confectionery froastings | 0.50000 |
| egg products | - |
| fats / oils | - |
| fish products | - |
| frozen dairy | 0.50000 |
| fruit ices | 0.50000 |
| gelatins / puddings | 0.50000 |
| granulated sugar | - |
| gravies | - |
| hard candy | 0.50000 |
| imitation dairy | 0.50000 |
| instant coffee / tea | - |
| jams / jellies | - |
| meat products | - |
| milk products | 0.50000 |
| nut products | - |
| other grains | - |
| poultry | - |
| processed fruits | 0.50000 |
| processed vegetables | - |
| reconstituted vegetables | - |
| seasonings / flavors | 0.50000 |
| snack foods | 0.50000 |
| soft candy | - |
| soups | - |
| sugar substitutes | - |
| sweet sauces | 0.50000 |
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0) | 7.00000 |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0) | 5.00000 |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0) | 10.00000 |
| Processed fruit (04.1) | 7.00000 |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2) | - |
| Confectionery (05.0) | 10.00000 |
| Chewing gum (05.3) | - |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0) | 5.00000 |
| Bakery wares (07.0) | 10.00000 |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0) | 2.00000 |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0) | 2.00000 |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0) | - |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0) | - |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0) | 5.00000 |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0) | 10.00000 |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1) | 5.00000 |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2) | 10.00000 |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0) | 20.00000 |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0) | 5.00000 |
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Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
frambilene
α-
ionene
a-
ionene
naphthalene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-
naphthalene,1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-
raspbilene
1,2,3,4-
tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethyl naphthalene
1,2,3,4-
tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethylnaphthalene
1,1,6-
trimethyl tetraline
1,1,6-
trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene
4,4,7-
trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphthalene
1,1,6-
trimethyltetraline
PubMed:
Tuning the Hydrophobic Interaction: Ultrafast Optical Kerr Effect Study of Aqueous Ionene Solutions.
PubMed:
Presence of hydrophobic groups may modify the specific ion effect in aqueous polyelectrolyte solutions.
PubMed:
Aqueous solutions of ionenes: interactions and counterion specific effects as seen by neutron scattering.
PubMed:
Explicit water molecular dynamics study of the mobility of halide ions in presence of ionene oligocations.
PubMed:
Specific counter-ion and co-ion effects revealed in mixing of aqueous solutions of 3,3 and 6,6-ionenes with solutions of low molecular weight salts.
PubMed:
Isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular dynamics study of ion-selectivity in mixtures of hydrophobic polyelectrolytes with sodium halides in water.
PubMed:
Folding of a donor-containing ionene by intercalation with an acceptor.
PubMed:
Interplay of ion-specific and charge-density effects in aqueous solutions of weakly charged ionenes as revealed by electric-transport measurements.
PubMed:
Ionic gelators: oligomeric and polymeric electrolytes as novel gel forming materials.
PubMed:
Modelling fast mode dielectric relaxation of counterions in aqueous solutions of ionene bromides and fluorides.
PubMed:
Computer simulations of ionenes, hydrophobic ions with unusual solution thermodynamic properties. The ion-specific effects.
PubMed:
Explicit-water molecular dynamics study of a short-chain 3,3 ionene in solutions with sodium halides.
PubMed:
Determination of light-absorbing layers at inner capillary surface by cw excitation crossed-beam thermal-lens spectrometry.
PubMed:
Investigation of ionene adsorption on quartz surfaces by thermal-lens spectrometry.
PubMed:
Interaction of polyelectrolytes with proteins, 3. Influence of complexing polycations on the thermoaggregation of oligomeric enzymes.
PubMed:
Fusion-fission transport of probes and quenchers in microdomains of an amphiphilic ionene polyelectrolyte.
PubMed:
Dependency of particle sizes and colloidal stability of polyelectrolyte complex dispersions on polyanion structure and preparation mode investigated by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy.
PubMed:
[Analysis of recombinant erythropoietin and its tryptic digest by capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry using capillary coated with 6,6-ionene].
PubMed:
Ionene-dynamically coated capillary for analysis of urinary and recombinant human erythropoietin by capillary electrophoresis and online electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Recognition and selective binding of DNA by ionenes of different charge density.
PubMed:
Lyotropic and thermotropic phase transitions in films of ionene-alkyl sulfate complexes.
PubMed:
Polarity and motility of large polymer-actin complexes.
PubMed:
Beta-carotene cleavage products after oxidation mediated by hypochlorous acid--a model for neutrophil-derived degradation.
PubMed:
Growth of large polymer-actin complexes.
PubMed:
Application of water-soluble polymers as modifiers in electrophoretic analysis of phenols.
PubMed:
Ordered polyelectrolyte multilayers. Rules governing layering in organic binary multilayers.
PubMed:
Recent progress in adsorbed stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography.
PubMed:
Aliphatic ionenes as gene delivery agents: elucidation of structure-function relationship through modification of charge density and polymer length.
PubMed:
Lonene-coated sulfonated silica as a packing material in the packed-capillary mode of electrochromatography.
PubMed:
Covalently bound ionene polyelectrolyte-silica gel stationary phases for HPLC.
PubMed:
Ion-chromatographic selectivity of polyelectrolyte sorbents based on some aliphatic and aromatic ionenes.
PubMed:
Controllable stability of DNA-containing polyelectrolyte complexes in water-salt solutions.
PubMed:
Molecular dynamics in stiff ionene below glass transition.
PubMed:
Analytical applications and implications of intramolecular micelle-mimetic ionene aggregates.
PubMed:
[Interaction of the calcium salt of heparin with specific antagonists and ethacizine].
PubMed:
Role of heparin in realization of the hypoglycaemic action of insulin.
PubMed:
[Chemiluminescence of peritoneal macrophages activated by non-natural polyelectrolytes].
PubMed:
[Protamine sulfate-induced resistance to the hypoglycemic effect of insulin].
PubMed:
[Quantitative determination of heparin in the blood during hemosorption].
PubMed:
Effect of three bile acid binding polymers on the biosynthesis of 14C-cholesterol from 14C-sodium acetate in the rat.
PubMed:
[Effect of regulating blood clotting with heparin and its antagonists on mast cells].
PubMed:
The bile acid binding and hypocholesterolemic action of two water-soluble polymers.
PubMed:
[The effect of the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt,2,5-ionene on blood coagulation].
PubMed:
Effect of polyamines on the uptake of poly (2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylic acid) by a mammalian cell line.
PubMed:
BETA-CAROTENE: THERMAL DEGRADATION.
PubMed:
IONENE: A THERMAL DEGRADATION PRODUCT OF BETA-CAROTENE.
PubMed:
THE MECHANISM OF THE IONENE SYNTHESIS.