catalpol

catalpinoside catalposide, des-p-hydroxybenzoyl- de(para-hydroxybenzoyl) catalposide (1aS,1bS,2S,5aR,6S,6aS)-6- hydroxy-1a-(hydroxymethyl)-1a,1b,2,5a,6,6a-hexahydrooxireno[4,5]cyclopenta[1,2-c]pyran-2-yl β-D-glucopyranoside PubMed: Catalpol Inhibited the Proliferation of T24 Human Bladder Cancer Cells by Inducing Apoptosis Through the Blockade of Akt-Mediated Anti-apoptotic Signaling. PubMed: Scropolioside B Inhibits IL-1 β and Cytokines Expression through NF- κ B and Inflammasome NLRP3 Pathways. PubMed: Involvement of the central monoaminergic system in the antidepressant-like effect of catalpol in mice. PubMed: Catalpol Suppresses Proliferation and Facilitates Apoptosis of OVCAR-3 Ovarian Cancer Cells through Upregulating MicroRNA-200 and Downregulating MMP-2 Expression. PubMed: Catalpol regulates function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical-axis in an Alzheimer's disease rat model. PubMed: Rapid characterization and determination of multiple components in Bu-Shen-Yi-Qi-Fang by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. PubMed: Separation of Catalpol from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. by High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography. PubMed: Hypoglycemic effect of catalpol on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by increasing skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. PubMed: Ovarian failure-resistant effects of catalpol in aged female rats. PubMed: Protective effect of catalpol on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. PubMed: Catalpol ameliorates sodium taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis in rats via inhibiting activation of nuclear factor kappa B. PubMed: Analgesic activity of catalpol in rodent models of neuropathic pain, and its spinal mechanism. PubMed: [Study on distribution and dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoid in fresh Rehmannia glutinosa]. PubMed: [Effects of catalpol, L-shikonin and paeonol extracted from radix rehmanniae, radix arnebiaeand cortex moutan on KGF-induced HaCaT cell proliferation]. PubMed: Characteristics and kinetics of catalpol degradation and the effect of its degradation products on free radical scavenging. PubMed: [Network pharmacology study on major active compounds of siwu decoction analogous formulae for treating primary dysmenorrhea of gynecology blood stasis syndrome]. PubMed: Geniposide and its iridoid analogs exhibit antinociception by acting at the spinal GLP-1 receptors. PubMed: Catalpol provides protective effects against cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury in gerbils. PubMed: Amelioration of stroke-induced neurological deficiency by lyophilized powder of catapol and puerarin. PubMed: Catalpol promotes oligodendrocyte survival and oligodendrocyte progenitor differentiation via the Akt signaling pathway in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. PubMed: Effects of catalpol on ATPase and amino acids in gerbils with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. PubMed: Relationship between [corrected] spatial memory in diabetic rats and protein kinase Cγ, caveolin-1 in the hippocampus and neuroprotective effect of catalpol. PubMed: [Absorption and pharmacokinetics of radix rehmanniae in rats]. PubMed: Do fungivores trigger the transfer of protective metabolites from host plants to arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae? PubMed: Development of a fluorescence polarization based high-throughput assay to identify Casitas B-lineage lymphoma RING domain regulators. PubMed: Catalpol Induces Neuroprotection and Prevents Memory Dysfunction through the Cholinergic System and BDNF. PubMed: Incorporation of an introduced weed into the diet of a native butterfly: consequences for preference, performance and chemical defense. PubMed: Host dependent iridoid glycoside sequestration patterns in Cionus hortulanus. PubMed: Early Root Herbivory Impairs Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Shifts Defence Allocation in Establishing Plantago lanceolata. PubMed: Determination of phenylethanoid glycosides and iridoid glycosides from therapeutically used Plantago species by CE-MEKC. PubMed: Validated LC-MS method for simultaneous quantitation of catalpol and harpagide in rat plasma: application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and diabetic rats after oral administration of Zeng-Ye-Decoction. PubMed: Effect of catalpol on diabetic nephropathy in rats. PubMed: A proposed biosynthetic pathway of picrosides linked through the detection of biochemical intermediates in the endangered medicinal herb Picrorhiza kurroa. PubMed: Catalpol improves cholinergic function and reduces inflammatory cytokines in the senescent mice induced by D-galactose. PubMed: Neuroprotective activities of catalpol against CaMKII-dependent apoptosis induced by LPS in PC12 cells. PubMed: Catalpol suppresses advanced glycation end-products-induced inflammatory responses through inhibition of reactive oxygen species in human monocytic THP-1 cells. PubMed: Catalpol decreases peroxynitrite formation and consequently exerts cardioprotective effects against ischemia/reperfusion insult. PubMed: [Simultaneous determination and optimization of extraction process of catalpol and acteoside from rehmanniae radix]. PubMed: Iridoid compound 10-O-trans-p-coumaroylcatalpol extends longevity and reduces α synuclein aggregation in Caenorhabditis elegans. PubMed: Filamentous fungi from Plantago lanceolata L. leaves: contribution to the pattern and stability of bioactive metabolites. PubMed: Catalpol inhibits LPS plus IFN-γ-induced inflammatory response in astrocytes primary cultures. PubMed: In vitro and in vivo metabolism of verproside in rats. PubMed: Synergistic effects of iridoid glycosides on the survival, development and immune response of a specialist caterpillar, Junonia coenia (Nymphalidae). PubMed: Anti-hyperglycemic effects and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine Huanglian Wan in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. PubMed: [Study on the HPCE fingerprint of Rehmannia glutinosa]. PubMed: Radio-protective effect of catalpol in cultured cells and mice. PubMed: [Effect of catalpol and puerarin freeze-dried powder on coagulability, hemorheology and no in rats with Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome]. PubMed: HPLC-APCI-MS/MS method for the determination of catalpol in rat plasma and cerebrospinal fluid: application to an in vivo pharmacokinetic study. PubMed: Host shifts from Lamiales to Brassicaceae in the sawfly genus Athalia. PubMed: Screening of glycoside isomers in P. scrophulariiflora using ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. PubMed: Memory defect induced by β-amyloid plus glutamate receptor agonist is alleviated by catalpol and donepezil through different mechanisms. PubMed: Diet quality can play a critical role in defense efficacy against parasitoids and pathogens in the Glanville fritillary (Melitaea cinxia). PubMed: [Iridoid glycosides from buds of Jasminum officinale L. var. grandiflorum]. PubMed: Plant community diversity influences allocation to direct chemical defence in Plantago lanceolata. PubMed: A rapid and sensitive determination of aucubin in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its pharmacokinetic application. PubMed: Chemical defense across three trophic levels: Catalpa bignonioides, the caterpillar Ceratomia catalpae, and its endoparasitoid Cotesia congregata. PubMed: Traditional chinese medicine for senile dementia. PubMed: Allergy-preventive effects of chlorogenic acid and iridoid derivatives from flower buds of Lonicera japonica. PubMed: [Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Liuwei Dihuang Pill and its main monomer catalpol on transforming growth factor-β1/Smad pathway in HK-2 cells]. PubMed: Differential performance of a specialist and two generalist herbivores and their parasitoids on Plantago lanceolata. PubMed: In vitro cytotoxic activity and structure activity relationships of iridoid glucosides derived from Veronica species. PubMed: Effect of high relative humidity on dried Plantago lanceolata L. leaves during long-term storage: effects on chemical composition, colour and microbiological quality. PubMed: [The 14 plants in Issenheim's altarpiece. An updated pharmaco-chemical approach]. PubMed: Iridoid content and biological activities of Veronica cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia and V. cymbalaria. PubMed: Iridoid and phenylethanoid glucosides from Veronica lavaudiana. PubMed: Traditional processing strongly affects metabolite composition by hydrolysis in Rehmannia glutinosa roots. PubMed: Protective effects of catalpol on oligodendrocyte death and myelin breakdown in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. PubMed: A comparison of sample preparation techniques for quantifying iridoid glycosides sequestered by lepidopteran larvae. PubMed: [Bio-activity evaluation of Qinlian Siwu decoction on inhibiting mice uterine contraction in vitro and its components analysis]. PubMed: Plasma glucose lowering mechanisms of catalpol, an active principle from roots of Rehmannia glutinosa, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PubMed: Cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties of Verbascum mucronatum Lam. and its secondary metabolites. PubMed: In silico study of the inhibition of DNA polymerase by a novel catalpol derivative. PubMed: [End point determination by HPLC chromatographic fingerprint in processing prepared Rehmannia]. PubMed: [Studies on the chemical constituents of Buddleja albiflora (II)]. PubMed: Catalpol increases brain angiogenesis and up-regulates VEGF and EPO in the rat after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. PubMed: Chlorinated iridoid glucosides from Veronica longifolia and their antioxidant activity. PubMed: Analysis of catalpol derivatives by characteristic neutral losses using liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization multistage and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. PubMed: Caterpillar chemical defense and parasitoid success: Cotesia congregata parasitism of Ceratomia catalpae. PubMed: Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and wound healer glycosides from the flowers of Verbascum mucronatum Lam. PubMed: Antihyperglycemic effect of catalpol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PubMed: Enhancement of antiproliferative activity by molecular simplification of catalpol. PubMed: [Progress in studies of pharmacological action and mechanisms of catalpol on brain diease]. PubMed: Systemic administration of catalpol prevents D-galactose induced mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. PubMed: Sequestration of glucosinolates and iridoid glucosides in sawfly species of the genus Athalia and their role in defense against ants. PubMed: Catalpol attenuates MPTP induced neuronal degeneration of nigral-striatal dopaminergic pathway in mice through elevating glial cell derived neurotrophic factor in striatum. PubMed: [Investigation of oxidative stress-induced alterations in the rat brain cortical cellular culture and their correction with vitamines E and C]. PubMed: Screening of common Plantago species in Hungary for bioactive molecules and antioxidant activity. PubMed: Catalpol inhibits apoptosis in hydrogen peroxide-induced endothelium by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and modulating expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. PubMed: [Theoretical study on infrared vibration spectrum of catalpol by DFT]. PubMed: Decontamination of organochlorine pesticides residue and heavy metal in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch by SFE. PubMed: [Protective effects of catalpol against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in astrocytes]. PubMed: [HPLC determination of catalpol in cerebrospinal fluid of rats]. PubMed: Oral supplementation of catalpol ameliorates diabetic encephalopathy in rats. PubMed: Quantitation of catalpol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and its pharmacokinetic study. PubMed: Elucidation of anti-inflammatory potencies of Eucommia ulmoides bark and Plantago asiatica seeds. PubMed: Catalpol ameliorates beta amyloid-induced degeneration of cholinergic neurons by elevating brain-derived neurotrophic factors. PubMed: Iridoids from Spathodea campanulata P. Beauvais leaves. PubMed: Catalpol protects primary cultured cortical neurons induced by Abeta(1-42) through a mitochondrial-dependent caspase pathway. PubMed: The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on direct and indirect defense metabolites of Plantago lanceolata L. PubMed: Catapol production in Chinese foxglove (Rehmannia glutinosa Libos.) hairy roots transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834. PubMed: Simultaneous quantification of active components in the herbs and products of Si-Wu-Tang by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. PubMed: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species suppress inducible plant responses and alter defensive strategies following herbivory. PubMed: Pharmacokinetics of verproside after intravenous and oral administration in rats. PubMed: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of the catalpol-related iridoid glucosides, verproside, isovanilloylcatalpol, catalposide and 6-O-veratroyl catalpol in rat plasma. PubMed: Characterization of radix rehmanniae processing procedure using FT-IR spectroscopy through nonnegative independent component analysis. PubMed: Antihepatotoxic activity and chemical constituents of Buddleja asiatica Lour. PubMed: Iridoids from Euphrasia genargentea, a rare Sardinian endemism. PubMed: Antioxidative iridoid glycosides and phenolic compounds from Veronica peregrina. PubMed: Chemical defense, mycorrhizal colonization and growth responses in Plantago lanceolata L. PubMed: [Comparative analysis of character on germplasm resources of Rehmannia glutinosa]. PubMed: Catalpol attenuates nitric oxide increase via ERK signaling pathways induced by rotenone in mesencephalic neurons. PubMed: Effects of catalpol on mitochondrial function and working memory in mice after lipopolysaccharide-induced acute systemic inflammation. PubMed: Inhibitory Potencies of Several Iridoids on Cyclooxygenase-1, Cyclooxygnase-2 Enzymes Activities, Tumor Necrosis factor-α and Nitric Oxide Production In Vitro. PubMed: Catalpol protects mesencephalic neurons against MPTP induced neurotoxicity via attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction and MAO-B activity. PubMed: Intraspecific variation in plant defense alters effects of root herbivores on leaf chemistry and aboveground herbivore damage. PubMed: Protective effects of catalpol against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in astrocytes primary cultures. PubMed: Oviposition cues for a specialist butterfly--plant chemistry and size. PubMed: Phytochemistry and molecular systematics of Triaenophora rupestris and Oreosolen wattii (Scrophulariaceae). PubMed: d-galactose administration induces memory loss and energy metabolism disturbance in mice: protective effects of catalpol. PubMed: Neuroprotective activities of catalpol on MPP+/MPTP-induced neurotoxicity. PubMed: Catalpol protects primary cultured astrocytes from in vitro ischemia-induced damage. PubMed: Further pharmacological evidence of the neuroprotective effect of catalpol from Rehmannia glutinosa. PubMed: Catalpol attenuates the neurotoxicity induced by beta-amyloid(1-42) in cortical neuron-glia cultures. PubMed: [Study of catalpol promoting axonal growth for cultured cortical neurons from rats]. PubMed: [Hairy root induction and plant regeneration of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. f. hueichingensis (Chao et Schih) Hsiao transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes]. PubMed: [Effect of concentration of catalpol and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde from processing of Rehmanniae Radix]. PubMed: [Advances in research on pharmacodynamics and chemical conversion of catalpol]. PubMed: Catalpol protects rat pheochromocytoma cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced injury. PubMed: Catalpol ameliorates cognition deficits and attenuates oxidative damage in the brain of senescent mice induced by D-galactose. PubMed: Neuroprotective effect of catalpol against MPP(+)-induced oxidative stress in mesencephalic neurons. PubMed: Pensteminoside, an unusual catalpol-type iridoid from Penstemon gentianoides HBK (Plantaginaceae). PubMed: Constituents of Cissus quadrangularis. PubMed: Efficacy of catalpol as protectant against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction on rotenone-induced toxicity in mice brain. PubMed: Phenylethanoids, iridoids and a spirostanol saponin from Veronica turrilliana. PubMed: Antispasmodic activity of an extract from Plantago lanceolata L. and some isolated compounds. PubMed: Novel antiproliferative analogs of the Taq DNA polymerase inhibitor catalpol. PubMed: Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive glycoterpenoids from the flowers of Verbascum lasianthum Boiss. ex Bentham. PubMed: Catalpol increases hippocampal neuroplasticity and up-regulates PKC and BDNF in the aged rats. PubMed: Catalpol protects dopaminergic neurons from LPS-induced neurotoxicity in mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures. PubMed: Occurrence of iridoid glycosides in in vitro cultures and intact plants of Scrophularia nodosa L. PubMed: Catalpol modulates the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax and attenuates apoptosis in gerbils after ischemic injury. PubMed: Taxonomical markers in two endemic plants of Sardinia: Verbascum conocarpum and Scrophularia trifoliata. PubMed: Suppressive effect of verproside isolated from Pseudolysimachion longifolium on airway inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. PubMed: Effect on capillary permeability in rabbits of iridoids from Buddleia scordioides. PubMed: Chemotaxonomy of Veroniceae and its allies in the Plantaginaceae. PubMed: Catalpol prevents the loss of CA1 hippocampal neurons and reduces working errors in gerbils after ischemia-reperfusion injury. PubMed: A sugar ester and an iridoid glycoside from Scrophularia ningpoensis. PubMed: Anti-protozoal and plasmodial FabI enzyme inhibiting metabolites of Scrophularia lepidota roots. PubMed: Inhibition of Taq DNA polymerase by catalpol. PubMed: Patterns of iridoid glycoside production and induction in Plantago lanceolata and the importance of plant age. PubMed: Phylogeny of Veronica--a combination of molecular and chemical evidence. PubMed: Neuroprotective properties of catalpol in transient global cerebral ischemia in gerbils: dose-response, therapeutic time-window and long-term efficacy. PubMed: Neuroprotection of catalpol in transient global ischemia in gerbils. PubMed: [Determination of catalpol in dried rehmannia root and Taohong Siwu Decoction with high performance liquid chromatography]. PubMed: Aliphatic alcohol and iridoid glycosides from Asystasia intrusa. PubMed: Iridoid glucosides of Paederota lutea and the relationships between Paederota and Veronica. PubMed: Earthworms and litter distribution affect plant-defensive chemistry. PubMed: Dopaol 2-keto- and 2,3-diketoglycosides from Chelone obliqua. PubMed: Plant chemical defense against herbivores and pathogens: generalized defense or trade-offs? PubMed: Iridoids as allelochemicals and DNA polymerase inhibitors. PubMed: Catalpol inhibits apoptosis in hydrogen peroxide-induced PC12 cells by preventing cytochrome c release and inactivating of caspase cascade. PubMed: Determination of aucubin and catalpol in Plantago species by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. PubMed: Hostplant suitability and defensive chemistry of the Catalpa sphinx, Ceratomia catalpae. PubMed: Aragoside and iridoid glucosides from Aragoa cundinamarcensis. PubMed: Iridoid glucosides from Veronica pectinata var. glandulosa. PubMed: [Comparison and correlative analysis on characters of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. Varieties]. PubMed: Determination of iridoid glycosides in larvae and adults of butterfly Melitaea cinxia by partial filling micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. PubMed: [Study on chitosan clarification refining the decoction of jiangtangtongmai by homogenous design method]. PubMed: Effect of iridoid glycoside content on oviposition host plant choice and parasitism in a specialist herbivore. PubMed: Colorimetric estimation of total iridoid content of Picrorhiza kurrooa. PubMed: Iridoids from Globularia dumulosa. PubMed: On-line identification of unstable catalpol derivatives from Jamesbrittenia fodina by LC-mS and LC-NMR. PubMed: Systemic, genotype-specific induction of two herbivore-deterrent iridoid glycosides in Plantago lanceolata L. in response to fungal infection by Diaporthe adunca (Rob.) Niessel. PubMed: Iridoid and phenolic glycosides from Wulfenia carinthiaca. PubMed: Phenylethanoid and iridoid glycosides from Veronica persica. PubMed: Changes in the concentrations of bioactive compounds in plantain leaves. PubMed: Iridoid patterns of genus Plantago L. and their systematic significance. PubMed: Wound healing activity of acylated iridoid glycosides from Scrophularia nodosa. PubMed: Iridoids from Stachys grandidentata (Labiatae). PubMed: Determination of iridoid glycosides by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography-mass spectrometry with use of the partial filling technique. PubMed: Taste cell responses in the polyphagous arctiid, Grammia geneura: towards a general pattern for caterpillars. PubMed: Selective sequestration of iridoid glycosides from their host plants in Longitarsus flea beetles. PubMed: Iridoid glycosides from Globularia trichosantha. PubMed: Chemotaxonomy of Plantago. Iridoid glucosides and caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides. PubMed: Iridoid glycosides from Gmelina philippensis. PubMed: Aquaticol, a bis-sesquiterpene and iridoid glucosides from Veronica anagallis-aquatica. PubMed: Megastigmane, benzyl and phenethyl alcohol glycosides, and 4,4'-dimethoxy-beta-truxinic acid catalpol diester from the leaves of Premna subscandens MERR. PubMed: Extraction of iridoid glycosides and their determination by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. PubMed: Sensitivity to chemically diverse phagostimulants in a single gustatory neuron of a polyphagous caterpillar. PubMed: Iridoids from plantago lagopus. PubMed: Pikuroside: a novel iridoid from Picrorhiza kurroa. PubMed: Liver-protective activities of aucubin derived from traditional oriental medicine. PubMed: Verbaspinoside, a new iridoid glycoside from Verbascum spinosum. PubMed: A new iridoid from Scrophularia auriculata ssp. pseudoauriculata. PubMed: Cardioactive iridoid glycosides from Eremophila species. PubMed: [Catalpol content changes in Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) Libosch. under certain conditions]. PubMed: Neuritogenic effect of natural iridoid compounds on PC12h cells and its possible relation to signaling protein kinases. PubMed: [Studies on Rehmanniae radix. III. The relation between changes of constituents and improvable effects on hemorheology with the processing of roots of Rehmannia glutinosa]. PubMed: In vitro antispasmodic activity of peracetylated penstemonoside, aucubin and catalpol. PubMed: Promotion of neuronal differentiation of PC12h cells by natural lignans and iridoids. PubMed: Structural considerations on the iridoids as anti-inflammatory agents. PubMed: Iridoid glycoside sequestration byThessalia leanira (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) feeding onCastilleja integra (Scrophulariaceae). PubMed: Iridoid glycosides ofChelone glabra (Scrophulariaceae) and their sequestration by larvae of a sawfly,Tenthredo grandis (Tenthredinidae). PubMed: Karsoside and scropolioside D, two new iridoid glycosides from Scrophularia ilwensis. PubMed: The effect of nutrients and enriched CO$_2$ environments on production of carbon-based allelochemicals in Plantago: a test of the carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis. PubMed: Chemical variation within and between individuals ofPlantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae). PubMed: Fate of iridoid glycosides in different life stages of the Buckeye,Junonia coenia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). PubMed: [Quality of dihuang (Rehmannia spp.)]. PubMed: A New Non-Glycosidic Iridoid and a New Bisiridoid from Argylia radiata1. PubMed: Iridoid glycoside metabolism and sequestration byPoladryas minuta (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) feeding onPenstemon virgatus (Scrophulariaceae). PubMed: In vitro studies on the effect of certain natural products against hepatitis B virus. PubMed: Iridoid glycoside content ofEuphydryas anicia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and its major hostplant,Besseya plantaginea (Scrophulariaceae), at a high plains colorado site. PubMed: Host plant utilization and iridoid glycoside sequestration byEuphydryas anicia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). PubMed: Iridoid glycosides as oviposition stimulants for the buckeye butterfly,Junonia coenia (Nymphalidae). PubMed: Iridoid glycoside sequestration by two aposematicPenstemon-feeding geometrid larvae. PubMed: Response of generalist and specialist insects to qualitative allelochemical variation. PubMed: Euphydryas anicia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) utilization of iridoid glycosides fromCastilleja andBesseya (Scrophulariaceae) host plants. PubMed: The role of iridoid glycosides in host-plant specificity of checkerspot butterflies. PubMed: Isolation of 6-O-(p-coumaroyl)-catalpol from Tabebuia rosea. PubMed: Iridoid glycosides in the nectar ofCatalpa speciosa are unpalatable to nectar thieves. PubMed: [Research on heterosides: catalpol from Paulownia and Catalpa, arbutoside from Sorbaria, the knautioside, saponoside from Knautia arvensis Coult]. PubMed: CATALPOL AND METHYLCATALPOL: NATURALLY OCCURRING GLYCOSIDES IN PLANTAGO AND BUDDLEIA SPECIES.