Identification

Namefumaric acid
IUPAC(2E)-but-2-enedioic acid
CAS Number110-17-8
EINECS203-743-0
FDA UNII88XHZ13131
Molecular FormulaC4 H4 O4
Molecular Weight116.07268000
MDL NumberMFCD00002700
Beilstein0605763
CoE Number25
XlogP3-0.30 (est)

Regulatory

FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, NoticesEU SANCO
JECFA Food Flavoring618 fumaric acid
JECFA Food AdditiveFumaric Acid
GSFA CodexFumaric acid (297)
DG SANTE Food Flavourings08.025 fumaric acid
DG SANTE Food Additivesfumaric acid
DG SANTE Food Contact Materialsfumaric acid
FEMA Number2488
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)110-17-8 ; FUMARIC ACID
FDA Mainterm (IAUFC)110-17-8 ; (E)-2-BUTENEDIOIC ACID
FDA RegulationFDA PART 150 -- FRUIT BUTTERS, JELLIES, PRESERVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS

Physical Properties

Appearance white colorless crystalline powder (est)
Assay 99.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed Yes
Melting Point 298.00 to 300.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 156.00 °C. @ 1.70 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 0.000005 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point > 230.00 °F. TCC ( > 110.00 °C. )
logP (o/w) 0.460
Soluble in alcohol

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesbuffering agents

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Strength none
Odor Description at 100.00 %.

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 [sex: F] 9300 mg/kg
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryspecial dietary and nutritional additives
Recommendation for fumaric acid usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU)780.00 (μg/capita/day)
baked goods-
beverages(nonalcoholic)-
beverages(alcoholic)-
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum-
condiments / relishes-
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy-
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings-
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy-
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy-
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

Advanced Biotech. Inc.

Inspired by Nature

A diverse range of products, all meeting our stringent commitment to quality.

View All Website 973-339-6242 info@adv-bio.com

American International Chemical, Inc.

Consistent sources

North American supplier for globally sourced ingredients.

View All Website (800) 238-0001 info@aicma.com

BOC Sciences

Best of Chemicals Supplier

Quality supplier of research chemicals and biochemicals including inhibitors, building blocks, GMP Products, impurities and metabolites, APIs for Veterinary, Natural Compounds, ADCs, Stem Cell Molecul...

View All Website 1-631-485-4226 account@bocsci.com

ECSA Chemicals

Human Chemistry

ECSA Chemicals has been active since 1913 in the trading and international commerce of raw materials. With an organisation divided into industrial segments managed by specialists, it has become one of...

View All Website +41 91 695 88 00 marketing@ecsa.ch

Glentham Life Sciences Ltd

The Chemical, Biochemical & Research Essentials Supplier

Glentham Life Sciences is a supplier of fine chemicals and raw materials with warehousing, laboratories and packaging facilities in the UK.

View All Website +44 (0) 1225 667798 info@glentham.com

Penta International Corporation

Chemistry innovation

At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better.

View All Website (973) 740-2300 lisaa@pentamfg.com

Sigma-Aldrich

Complete Supply Chain

The perfect blend of products and services that bring your creativity to life.

View All Website 800-244-1173 ff@sial.com

TCI AMERICA

Moving Your Chemistry Forward

We continuously strive to advance our technology.

View All Website 1-800-423-8616 Sales-US@TCIchemicals.com;

Qingdao Free Trade Zone United International Co Ltd

Quality Products

A partner in your supply chain solution.

View All Website +86-532-83893699 info@unitedint.com

Potential Uses

buffering agents

Natural Occurrence

apple plant bean fava bean bean fava bean root broadbean root broccoli asparagus broccoli plant brussel sprout leaf cabbage leaf carrot root celery root cherry sour cherry fruit chickpea chive leaf fennel seed fig fruit fig fruit juice fish PMC fumaria officinalis grape leaf kohlrabi stem onion bulb papaya fruit parsley root pea pomegranate fruit potato tuber rhubarb plant sage plant soybean seed star fruit fruit sunflower leaf tomato fruit

Synonyms

boletic acid (2E)- but-2-enedioic acid (E)- but-2-enedioic acid trans- but-2-enedioic acid (E)- butene dioic acid (2E)-2- butenedioic acid (E)- butenedioic acid (E)-2- butenedioic acid trans-2- butenedioic acid 2- butenedioic acid (2E)- 2- butenedioic acid, (2E)- butenedioic acid, (E)- 2- butenedioic acid, (E)- trans-1,2- ethenedicarboxylic acid 1,2- ethenedicarboxylic acid, trans- (E)-1,2- ethylene dicarboxylic acid alpha,beta- ethylene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid (E)-1,2- ethylenedicarboxylic acid trans-1,2- ethylenedicarboxylic acid fumaric acid FCC fumaric acid FCC powder cold water soluble CWS 31502 fumaric acid natural fumaric acid NF FCC granular FF fumaricacid fumarsaeure lichenic acid allo maleic acid allo- maleic acid allo- malenic acid (E)- tumaric acid PubMed: Fumaric Acid Production by Torulopsis glabrata: Engineering the Urea Cycle and the Purine Nucleotide Cycle. PubMed: Design of oral agents for the management of multiple sclerosis: benefit and risk assessment for dimethyl fumarate. PubMed: Microbial biosynthesis and secretion of l-malic acid and its applications. PubMed: Efficient transformation of Rhizopus delemar by electroporation of germinated spores. PubMed: Process characterization and influence of alternative carbon sources and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio on organic acid production by Aspergillus oryzae DSM1863. PubMed: Pathophysiological processes in multiple sclerosis: focus on nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and emerging pathways. PubMed: Characteristics of organic acids in the fruit of different pumpkin species. PubMed: Metabolic differentiation of diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella (L.)) resistance in cabbage ( Brassica oleracea L. ssp. capitata). PubMed: Non-volatile taste components of several cultivated mushrooms. PubMed: Fumaric acid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by simultaneous use of oxidative and reductive routes. PubMed: Stability of monacolin K and citrinin and biochemical characterization of red-koji vinegar during fermentation. PubMed: Fumaric acid attenuates the eotaxin-1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated fibroblasts by suppressing p38 MAPK-dependent NF-κB signaling. PubMed: Biosurfactants of Rhodococcus erythropolis IMV Ас-5017: synthesis intensification and practical application. PubMed: Development of an effective treatment for A 5-log reduction of Escherichia coli in refrigerated pickle products. PubMed: Fumaric acid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by in silico aided metabolic engineering. PubMed: Peach fruit: metabolic comparative analysis of two varieties with different resistances to insect attacks by NMR spectroscopy. PubMed: Phytochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of some medicinal plants. PubMed: Key technologies for the industrial production of fumaric acid by fermentation. PubMed: Composition of sugars, organic acids, and total phenolics in 25 wild or cultivated berry species. PubMed: Metabolic engineering of Rhizopus oryzae: effects of overexpressing pyc and pepc genes on fumaric acid biosynthesis from glucose. PubMed: Phenolic compounds analysis of root, stalk, and leaves of nettle. PubMed: Field enhancement sample stacking for analysis of organic acids in traditional Chinese medicine by capillary electrophoresis. PubMed: Reconstruction of cytosolic fumaric acid biosynthetic pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PubMed: Optimization of fumaric acid production by Rhizopus delemar based on the morphology formation. PubMed: Preservation of acidified cucumbers with a combination of fumaric acid and cinnamaldehyde that target lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. PubMed: Antimicrobial effects of weak acids on the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 under anaerobic conditions. PubMed: Identification and characterization of two new derivatives of chlorogenic acids in Arnica (Arnica montana L.) flowers by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. PubMed: Preservation of acidified cucumbers with a natural preservative combination of fumaric acid and allyl isothiocyanate that target lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. PubMed: Michael acceptor based antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal cysteine protease inhibitors with unusual amino acids. PubMed: Psoriasis (chronic plaque). PubMed: Exploring abiotic stress on asynchronous protein metabolism in single kernels of wheat studied by NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics. PubMed: Comparative characterization of L-lactic acid-producing thermotolerant Rhizopus fungi. PubMed: Relatedness of medically important strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as revealed by phylogenetics and metabolomics. PubMed: Comparison of the skin sensitizing potential of unsaturated compounds as assessed by the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) and the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). PubMed: Co-production of fumaric acid and chitin from a nitrogen-rich lignocellulosic material - dairy manure - using a pelletized filamentous fungus Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 20344. PubMed: Fumaric and sorbic acid as additives in broiler feed. PubMed: A convenient route to the synthesis of isotopomeric dihydro-2(3H)furanones. PubMed: [Simultaneous determination of twenty-one organic acids in food by ion chromatography with eluent autogeneration]. PubMed: L-(-)-malic acid production by Saccharomyces spp. during the alcoholic fermentation of wine (1). PubMed: Metabolomic discrimination of different grades of pine-mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake Sing.) using 1H NMR spectrometry and multivariate data analysis. PubMed: Methane emissions from beef cattle: effects of fumaric acid, essential oil, and canola oil. PubMed: Efficiency of sodium hypochlorite, fumaric acid, and mild heat in killing native microflora and Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium DT104, and Staphylococcus aureus attached to fresh-cut lettuce. PubMed: Succinate-based preparation alleviates manifestations of the climacteric syndrome in women. PubMed: Propionate precursors and other metabolic intermediates as possible alternative electron acceptors to methanogenesis in ruminal fermentation in vitro. PubMed: Methane emissions from beef cattle: Effects of monensin, sunflower oil, enzymes, yeast, and fumaric acid. PubMed: Pharmacokinetics of oral fumarates in healthy subjects. PubMed: Fumaric acid in apple juice: a potential indicator of microbial spoilage of apples used as raw material. PubMed: A sphingolipid and tyrosinase inhibitors from the fruiting body of Phellinus linteus. PubMed: Organic acids influence iron uptake in the human epithelial cell line Caco-2. PubMed: Study of the organic acids composition of quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) fruit and jam. PubMed: Addition of fumaric acid and sodium benzoate as an alternative method to achieve a 5-log reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 populations in apple cider. PubMed: Effect of activated charcoal on patulin, fumaric acid and some other properties of apple juice. PubMed: Antibacterial activity in extracts of Camellia japonica L. petals and its application to a model food system. PubMed: Methods for determination of milt protein and epsilon-polylysine in food additive preparations and processed foods by capillary zone electrophoresis. PubMed: [Effects of chemical agents on the prevention of fungal contamination during household wheat storage in Cixian county]. PubMed: Determination of fumaric acid in apple juice by on-line coupled capillary isotachophoresis-capillary zone electrophoresis with UV detection. PubMed: Production of multifunctional organic acids from renewable resources. PubMed: Estimation of the distribution of the maximum theoretical intake for ten additives in France. PubMed: Simultaneous quantification of released succinic acid and a weakly basic drug compound in dissolution media. PubMed: Use of ion chromatography for monitoring microbial spoilage in the fruit juice industry. PubMed: Fumaric acid, anti-thrombin substance from Rhizopus javanicus. PubMed: Retention and utilization of amino acids in piglets fed ad libitum or restrictively diets supplemented with organic acids. PubMed: Fumaric acid overproduction in yeast mutants deficient in fumarase. PubMed: Induction of glutathione transferases and NAD(P)H:quinone reductase by fumaric acid derivatives in rodent cells and tissues. PubMed: Evaluation of Malolactic Bacteria Isolated from Oregon Wines. PubMed: Simultaneous gas chromatographic determination of carboxylic acids in soft drinks and jams. PubMed: Fumaric acid: a new feed additive for pigs. PubMed: Response of starter pigs to supplementation of corn-soybean meal diets with organic acids. PubMed: Feed additive studies with newly weaned pigs: efficacy of supplemental copper, antibiotics and organic acids. PubMed: Immobilization of fumarase by entrapment of rat liver mitochondria in polyacrylamide gel using gamma rays. PubMed: [Mineral and trace element content of rats with dietary fumaric acid supplement]. PubMed: Deamination of glumatic and aspartic acids by Geotrichum candidum.