Identification

Namebromelain
IUPACstem bromelain
FDA UNIIZLM4P8929R
Molecular Formulaunspecified

Regulatory

JECFA Food AdditiveBromelain
GSFA CodexBromelain (1101(iii))
FDA Mainterm (SATF)9001-00-7 ; BROMELAIN
FDA RegulationFDA PART 184 -- DIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE

Physical Properties

Appearance white to tan powder (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed No
Soluble in water

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Useskeratolytics

No sensory data available

Safety Information

Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 > 10000 mg/kg
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryenzyme preparations and microorganisms
Recommendation for bromelain usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
Recommendation for bromelain flavor usage levels up tonot for flavor use.

BOC Sciences

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Charkit Chemical Corporation

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Glentham Life Sciences Ltd

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Glentham Life Sciences is a supplier of fine chemicals and raw materials with warehousing, laboratories and packaging facilities in the UK.

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SRS Aromatics Ltd

For over 25 years

Bringing flavour and fragrance into your world.

View All Website +44 (0) 1284 704076 info@srsaromatics.co.uk

Potential Uses

None Found

Natural Occurrence

pineapple fruit pineapple fruit juice pineapple juice pineapple leaf pineapple pericarp pineapple stem

Synonyms

bromelain juice pineapple protease pineapple protease and milk clotting enzyme plant protease concentrate traumanase PubMed: DNase I and proteinase K impair Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation and induce dispersal of pre-existing biofilms. PubMed: Bromelain: an overview of industrial application and purification strategies. PubMed: Seafood-like flavour obtained from the enzymatic hydrolysis of the protein by-products of seaweed (Gracilaria sp.). PubMed: Process optimization for reverse micellar extraction of stem bromelain with a focus on back extraction. PubMed: Exogenous proteases for meat tenderization. PubMed: Effects of L- and iso-ascorbic acid on meat protein hydrolyzing activity of four commercial plant and three microbial protease preparations. PubMed: Incomplete stomach emptying as a complication of intragastric balloon treatment and a solution suggestion: Pineapple juice drinking. PubMed: Application of taste sensing system for characterisation of enzymatic hydrolysates from shrimp processing by-products. PubMed: The chemopreventive action of bromelain, from pineapple stem (Ananas comosus L.), on colon carcinogenesis is related to antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects. PubMed: Polymer-based alternative method to extract bromelain from pineapple peel waste. PubMed: Assessment of viral replication in eggs and HA protein yield of pre-pandemic H5N1 candidate vaccine viruses. PubMed: The improvement of the endogenous antioxidant property of stone fish (Actinopyga lecanora) tissue using enzymatic proteolysis. PubMed: Tenderization effect of cold-adapted collagenolytic protease MCP-01 on beef meat at low temperature and its mechanism. PubMed: Actinopyga lecanora Hydrolysates as Natural Antibacterial Agents. PubMed: Antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates from whole anchovy sprat (Clupeonella engrauliformis) prepared using endogenous enzymes and commercial proteases. PubMed: The role of molecular size in antioxidant activity of peptide fractions from Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) hydrolysates. PubMed: Pineapple stem bromelain immobilized on different supports: catalytic properties in model wine. PubMed: Utilisation of chitinous materials in pigment adsorption. PubMed: Production of defatted palm kernel cake protein hydrolysate as a valuable source of natural antioxidants. PubMed: Enzyme Hydrolysates from Stichopus horrens as a New Source for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides. PubMed: Bromelain enzyme from pineapple: in vitro activity study under different micropropagation conditions. PubMed: Evaluation of pre-rigor injection of beef with proteases on cooked meat volatile profile after 1 day and 21 days post-mortem storage. PubMed: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, 15-LOX, and AGEs inhibitions by pineapple stem waste. PubMed: Peptides derived from atlantic salmon skin gelatin as dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitors. PubMed: Purification of a novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide with an antihypertensive effect from loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). PubMed: Rice-induced anaphylaxis: IgE-mediated allergy against a 56-kDa glycoprotein. PubMed: Bromelain-induced apoptosis in GI-101A breast cancer cells. PubMed: Preparative purification of bromelain (EC 3.4.22.33) from pineapple fruit by high-speed counter-current chromatography using a reverse-micelle solvent system. PubMed: Production of plant proteases in vivo and in vitro--a review. PubMed: Extraction of bromelain from pineapple peels. PubMed: A review of the use of bromelain in cardiovascular diseases. PubMed: Physicochemical and flavor characteristics of flavoring agent from mungbean protein hydrolyzed by bromelain. PubMed: Recombinant HA1 produced in E. coli forms functional oligomers and generates strain-specific SRID potency antibodies for pandemic influenza vaccines. PubMed: Soybean β-conglycinin bromelain hydrolysate stimulates cholecystokinin secretion by enteroendocrine STC-1 cells to suppress the appetite of rats under meal-feeding conditions. PubMed: Effect of wine inhibitors on free pineapple stem bromelain activity in a model wine system. PubMed: Preparation of antioxidant enzymatic hydrolysates from honeybee-collected pollen using plant enzymes. PubMed: A comparative study of the effects of bromelain and fresh pineapple juice on the early phase of healing in acute crush achilles tendon injury. PubMed: Sensitization to cereals and peanut evidenced by skin prick test and specific IgE in food-tolerant, grass pollen allergic patients. PubMed: Immunoglobulin-E reactivity to wine glycoproteins in heavy drinkers. PubMed: Prospective study of sensitization and food allergy to flaxseed in 1317 subjects. PubMed: IgG2 dominancy and carbohydrate recognition specificity of C3H/He mouse antibodies directed to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) bearing beta-(1,2)-xylose and alpha-(1,3)-fucose. PubMed: Application of exogenous enzymes to beef muscle of high and low-connective tissue. PubMed: An alternative method for preparation of pandemic influenza strain-specific antibody for vaccine potency determination. PubMed: Isolation, purification, and properties of a novel small heat shock protein from the hyperthermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus. PubMed: Susceptibility of lupin gamma-conglutin, the plasma glucose-lowering protein of lupin seeds, to proteolytic enzymes. PubMed: A novel ACE inhibitory peptide isolated from Acaudina molpadioidea hydrolysate. PubMed: Immunoglobulin-E reactivity to a glycosylated food allergen (peanuts) due to interference with cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants in heavy drinkers. PubMed: Preparation and some functional properties of rice bran protein concentrate at different degree of hydrolysis using bromelain and alkaline extraction. PubMed: Peanut allergy diagnosis in the context of grass pollen sensitization for 125 patients: roles of peanut and cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants specific IgE. PubMed: Allergy to kiwi in patients with baker's asthma: identification of potential cross-reactive allergens. PubMed: Evaluation of bitterness in enzymatic hydrolysates of soy protein isolate by taste dilution analysis. PubMed: Detection and quantification of soy allergens in food: study of two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. PubMed: Use of reverse micellar systems for the extraction and purification of bromelain from pineapple wastes. PubMed: Comparison of the aggregation behavior of soy and bovine whey protein hydrolysates. PubMed: Oral immunogenicity of the plant proteinase bromelain. PubMed: Natural rubber latex and hymenoptera venoms share ImmunoglobinE-epitopes accounting for cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants. PubMed: Natural products and anti-inflammatory activity. PubMed: Cross-linked bromelain inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production involving cellular signaling suppression in rats. PubMed: Benzodioxole derivatives as negative effectors of plant proteases. PubMed: Treatment with oral bromelain decreases colonic inflammation in the IL-10-deficient murine model of inflammatory bowel disease. PubMed: IgE-reactive carbohydrate epitopes--classification, cross-reactivity, and clinical impact. PubMed: Exfoliation of Helicobacter pylori from gastric mucin by glycopolypeptides from buttermilk. PubMed: Proteolytic activity and immunogenicity of oral bromelain within the gastrointestinal tract of mice. PubMed: Purification and characterization of phytocystatins from kiwifruit cortex and seeds. PubMed: An overview of herbal supplement utilization with particular emphasis on possible interactions with dental drugs and oral manifestations. PubMed: Application potency of engineered G159 mutants on P1 substrate pocket of subtilisin YaB as improved meat tenderizers. PubMed: Purification and characterization of hydrolase with chitinase and chitosanase activity from commercial stem bromelain. PubMed: Efficiency of enzymatic and other alternative clarification and fining treatments on turbidity and haze in cherry juice. PubMed: Improvement in protein utilization in nursing-home patients on tube feeding supplemented with an enzyme product derived from Aspergillus niger and bromelain. PubMed: Lupus erythematosus and nutrition: a review of the literature. PubMed: Natural treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. PubMed: Involvement of carbohydrate epitopes in the IgE response of celery-allergic patients. PubMed: Fruit-pollen-latex cross-reactivity: implication of profilin (Bet v 2). PubMed: Isolation of peptides from an enzymatic hydrolysate of food proteins and characterization of their taste properties. PubMed: A cysteine proteinase inhibitor purified from apple fruit. PubMed: Asthma caused by Ficus benjamina latex: evidence of cross-reactivity with fig fruit and papain. PubMed: [Cross-reactivity between bromelain and soluble fraction from wheat flour]. PubMed: Modification of wheat flour with bromelain and baking hypoallergenic bread with added ingredients. PubMed: Kiwi fruit allergy: a new birch pollen-associated food allergy. PubMed: IgG1 and IgG2a production by autoimmune B cells treated in vitro with IL-4 and IFN-gamma. PubMed: Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. PubMed: Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. PubMed: Declogging small-bore feeding tubes. PubMed: Tenderization of beef with bacterial collagenase. PubMed: [Determination of processing conditions for obtaining a pepitona (Arca zebra) hydrolysate for human consumption]. PubMed: [Proteolytic enzymes: potential allergens for the skin and respiratory tract?]. PubMed: Studies on the specificity of human IgE-antibodies to the plant proteases papain and bromelain. PubMed: Retinol inhibition of some proteolytic enzymes.