Identification

Namebarley flavor

Regulatory

Physical Properties

Food Chemicals Codex Listed No

Organoleptic Properties

Taste Description barley

Safety Information

Oral/Parenteral ToxicityNot determined
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryflavored products of all types
Recommendation for barley flavor usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.

Fleurchem, Inc.

Have A Flavorful Day

A leading global manufacturer and supplier of ingredients for Flavors, Fragrances, AromaTherapy, Foods, Beverages, Personal Care Products, and other uses.

View All Website 845-341-2100 info@fleurchem.com

Potential Uses

FL barley

Natural Occurrence

can be natural

Synonyms

barley flavor PubMed: A synergistic effect of pretreatment on cell wall structural changes in barley straw (Hordeum vulgare L.) for efficient bioethanol production. PubMed: Rare allele of HvLox-1 associated with lipoxygenase activity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PubMed: Flavour generation during commercial barley and malt roasting operations: a time course study. PubMed: Early senescence of the oldest leaves of Fe-deficient barley plants may contribute to phytosiderophore release from the roots. PubMed: Oligosaccharide and substrate binding in the starch debranching enzyme barley limit dextrinase. PubMed: Rapid analysis of barley straw before and after dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment by photoluminescence. PubMed: Ionomic responses and correlations between elements and metabolites under salt stress in wild and cultivated barley. PubMed: Characterization of volatile aroma compounds in different brewing barley cultivars. PubMed: Formulation of enzyme blends to maximize the hydrolysis of alkaline peroxide pretreated alfalfa hay and barley straw by rumen enzymes and commercial cellulases. PubMed: Intake of Tibetan hull-less barley is associated with a reduced risk of metabolic related syndrome in rats fed high-fat-sucrose diets. PubMed: Altering the rate of glucose release from starch-based foods by spray-drying with an extract from barley. PubMed: Effect of dilute acid pretreatment on the conversion of barley straw with grains to fermentable sugars. PubMed: Aroma-active ester profile of ale beer produced under different fermentation and nutritional conditions. PubMed: Improved palatability and bio-functionality of super-hard rice by soaking in a barley-koji miso suspension. PubMed: Enrichment of vanillin in barley malt by hydrolysis in high temperature and high pressure steam. PubMed: Feeding behavior and performance of lambs are influenced by flavor diversity. PubMed: On the interconnection of clusters and building blocks in barley amylopectin. PubMed: Alcohol dehydrogenase 1 of barley modulates susceptibility to the parasitic fungus Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei. PubMed: Xylitol production by genetically engineered Trichoderma reesei strains using barley straw as feedstock. PubMed: Mechanisms of water transport mediated by PIP aquaporins and their regulation via phosphorylation events under salinity stress in barley roots. PubMed: Subcellular analysis of starch metabolism in developing barley seeds using a non-aqueous fractionation method. PubMed: Structure, expression profile and subcellular localisation of four different sucrose synthase genes from barley. PubMed: Combined noninvasive imaging and modeling approaches reveal metabolic compartmentation in the barley endosperm. PubMed: The role of alpha-glucosidase in germinating barley grains. PubMed: δ(13) C of leaf-respired CO(2) reflects intrinsic water-use efficiency in barley. PubMed: 2D-HPLC and MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis of barley proteins glycated during brewing. PubMed: Development of oat-based markers from barley and wheat microsatellites. PubMed: Variability in the release of free and bound hydroxycinnamic acids from diverse malted barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars during wort production. PubMed: Significance of light, sugar, and amino acid supply for diurnal gene regulation in developing barley caryopses. PubMed: Hypoglycaemic action of stevioside and а barley and brewer's yeast based preparation in the experimental model on mice. PubMed: Isolation of fungal cell wall degrading proteins from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves infected with Rhynchosporium secalis. PubMed: Integration of succinic acid and ethanol production with potential application in a corn or barley biorefinery. PubMed: Effects of worts treated with proteases on the assimilation of free amino acids and fermentation performance of lager yeast. PubMed: A dynamic model for cellulosic biomass hydrolysis: a comprehensive analysis and validation of hydrolysis and product inhibition mechanisms. PubMed: A quantitative structure-property relationship study of the release of some esters and alcohols from barley and oat beta-glucan matrices. PubMed: Enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis: enzyme reusability and visualization of β-glucosidase immobilized in calcium alginate. PubMed: 42K analysis of sodium-induced potassium efflux in barley: mechanism and relevance to salt tolerance. PubMed: Co-bombardment, integration and expression of rice chitinase and thaumatin-like protein genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Conlon). PubMed: Regulation of alpha-galactosidase gene expression in primary foliage leaves of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L) during dark-induced senescence. PubMed: Nuclear fusion leads to chromosome doubling during mannitol pretreatment of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) microspores. PubMed: 5'-Phosphodiesterase (5'-PDE) from germinated barley for hydrolysis of RNA to produce flavour nucleotides. PubMed: The influence of pretreatment on cell stage progression and the time of DNA synthesis in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L) uninucleate microspores. PubMed: PM19, a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) gene encoding a putative plasma membrane protein, is expressed during embryo development and dormancy. PubMed: Dynamic ¹³C/¹ H NMR imaging uncovers sugar allocation in the living seed. PubMed: Influence of Fe concentration in the medium on multicellular pollen grains and haploid plants induced by mannitol pretreatment in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PubMed: Mature embryo axis-based high frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from multiple cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PubMed: Effect of root perturbation and excision on nitrate influx and efflux in barley (Hordeum vulgare) seedlings. PubMed: Characterization of a methyljasmonate-inducible lipoxygenase from barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Salome) leaves. PubMed: Acid-catalyzed hydrothermal severity on the fractionation of agricultural residues for xylose-rich hydrolyzates. PubMed: Effects of graded levels of potato by-products in barley- and corn-based beef feedlot diets: II. Palatability. PubMed: Determination of the flavor attributes of cooked beef from cross-bred Angus steers fed corn- or barley-based diets. PubMed: Two isoforms of a nucleotide-sugar pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase from barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.) are distinct oligomers of HvGLP1, a germin-like protein. PubMed: Biotransformation of hop-derived monoterpene alcohols by lager yeast and their contribution to the flavor of hopped beer. PubMed: Metabolism of diclofenac in plants--hydroxylation is followed by glucose conjugation. PubMed: Effect of modification of the kilning regimen on levels of free ferulic acid and antioxidant activity in malt. PubMed: Palatability of wethers fed an 80% barley diet processed at different ages and of yearling wethers grazed on native range. PubMed: Parents lend a helping hand to their offspring in plant defence. PubMed: Fractionation of wheat and barley straw to access high-molecular-mass hemicelluloses prior to ethanol production. PubMed: Production of isomaltooligosaccharides from banana flour. PubMed: Effect of halotolerant starter microorganisms on chemical characteristics of fermented chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) sauce. PubMed: Enzymatic hydrogenation of trans-2-nonenal in barley. PubMed: A role for phosphorylation in the regulation of the barley scutellar peptide transporter HvPTR1 by amino acids. PubMed: Effect of adding and removing N-glycosylation recognition sites on the thermostability of barley alpha-glucosidase. PubMed: Comparison of barley, hull-less barley, and corn in the concentrate of dairy cows. PubMed: Influence of flame roasting and feeding frequency of barley on performance of dairy cows. PubMed: Mobility of boron-polyol complexes in the hemiparasitic association between Rhinanthus minor and Hordeum vulgare: the effects of nitrogen nutrition. PubMed: A novel WRKY transcription factor, SUSIBA2, participates in sugar signaling in barley by binding to the sugar-responsive elements of the iso1 promoter. PubMed: Barley anther culture: assessment of carbohydrate effects on embryo yield, green plant production and differential plastid development in relation with albinism. PubMed: Correlation of malt quality parameters and beer flavor stability: multivariate analysis. PubMed: Safety of barley starch syrup in patients with allergy to cereals. PubMed: Characterization of 9-fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase-like activity in germinating barley seeds that transforms 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid into 2(E)-nonenal. PubMed: Effect of ethanol in feed on milk flavor and chemical composition. PubMed: Auxin-induced elongation growth and expressions of cell wall-bound exo- and endo-beta-glucanases in barley coleoptiles. PubMed: Effect of dark pretreatment on the kinetics of response of barley pulvini to gravistimulation and hormones. PubMed: Overexpression, purification, and characterization of a barley alpha-glucosidase secreted by Pichia pastoris. PubMed: Enzymatic method for measuring starch gelatinization in dry products in situ. PubMed: Binding interactions between barley thaumatin-like proteins and (1,3)-beta-D-glucans. Kinetics, specificity, structural analysis and biological implications. PubMed: Relationships between antioxidant activity, color, and flavor compounds of crystal malt extracts. PubMed: Effects of feeding corn or barley on composition of milk and diet digestibility. PubMed: Transcript profiles and deduced changes of metabolic pathways in maternal and filial tissues of developing barley grains. PubMed: Identification of a vacuolar sucrose transporter in barley and Arabidopsis mesophyll cells by a tonoplast proteomic approach. PubMed: Sugars regulate cold-induced gene expression and freezing-tolerance in barley cell cultures. PubMed: Glucose and disaccharide-sensing mechanisms modulate the expression of alpha-amylase in barley embryos. PubMed: Extracellular beta-glucosidase activity in barley involved in the hydrolysis of ABA glucose conjugate in leaves. PubMed: Expression of a functional barley sucrose-fructan 6-fructosyltransferase in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. PubMed: The effect of cold acclimation on the water relations and freezing tolerance of Hordeum vulgare L. PubMed: Effects of supplemental fat on growth performance and quality of beef from steers fed barley-potato product finishing diets: I. Feedlot performance, carcass traits, appearance, water binding, retail storage, and palatability attributes. PubMed: Androgenic response to preculture stress in microspore cultures of barley. PubMed: Authentication of beef production systems using a metabolomic-based approach. PubMed: Evaluation of minimal Trichoderma reesei cellulase mixtures on differently pretreated Barley straw substrates. PubMed: Fructan accumulation induced by nitrogen deficiency in barley leaves correlates with the level of sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase mRNA. PubMed: Genetic transformation of barley microspores using anther bombardment. PubMed: Three-dimensional structure of a barley beta-D-glucan exohydrolase, a family 3 glycosyl hydrolase. PubMed: Les Maîtres de l'Orge: the proteome content of your beer mug. PubMed: The influence of barley stripe mosaic virus on the replication of tobacco mosaic virus in Hordeum vulgare L. PubMed: Utilization of fermented barley extract obtained from a by-product of barley shochu for nisin production. PubMed: Effect of barley coffee on the adhesive properties of oral streptococci. PubMed: Metabolic consequences of susceptibility and resistance (race-specific and broad-spectrum) in barley leaves challenged with powdery mildew. PubMed: Involvement of individual subsites and secondary substrate binding sites in multiple attack on amylose by barley alpha-amylase. PubMed: Glucose repression of alpha-amylase in barley embryos is independent of GAMYB transcription. PubMed: Analyses of isoamylase gene activity in wild-type barley indicate its involvement in starch synthesis. PubMed: Developmental, stress and ABA modulation of mRNA levels for bZip transcription factors and Vp1 in barley embryos and embryo-derived suspension cultures. PubMed: Compositional variations for alpha-galactosides in different species of leguminosae, brassicaceae, and barley: a chemotaxonomic study based on chemometrics and high-performance capillary electrophoresis. PubMed: Several thaumatin-like proteins bind to beta-1,3-glucans. PubMed: Sucrose transport into barley seeds: molecular characterization of two transporters and implications for seed development and starch accumulation. PubMed: Efficiency of new fungal cellulase systems in boosting enzymatic degradation of barley straw lignocellulose. PubMed: Glucose and L-lactate metabolism in pregnant and in lactating ewes fed barley- or ground maize-based diets. PubMed: Barley malt-alpha-amylase. Purification, action pattern, and subsite mapping of isozyme 1 and two members of the isozyme 2 subfamily using p-nitrophenylated maltooligosaccharide substrates. PubMed: The large subunit determines catalytic specificity of barley sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase and fescue sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase. PubMed: Modulating influence of barley on the altered metabolism of glucose and of basement membranes in the diabetic rat. PubMed: Cadmium translocation and accumulation in developing barley grains. PubMed: Influence of anther pretreatment on the efficiency of androgenesis in barley. PubMed: Metabolic profiling of oxylipins upon sorbitol treatment in barley leaves. PubMed: Evaluation of the effect of malt, wheat and barley extracts on the viability of potentially probiotic lactic acid bacteria under acidic conditions. PubMed: The effect of sucrose on the rate of de novo sucrose biosynthesis in leaf protoplasts from spinach, wheat and barley. PubMed: Feeding value of poultry by-products extruded with cassava, barley, and wheat middlings for broiler chicks: the effect of ensiling poultry by-products as a preservation method prior to extrusion. PubMed: Fructosans of barley. PubMed: The crystal structure of the sevenfold mutant of barley beta-amylase with increased thermostability at 2.5 A resolution. PubMed: Effects of substrate loading on enzymatic hydrolysis and viscosity of pretreated barley straw. PubMed: Amylose chain behavior in an interacting context. III. Complete occupancy of the AMY2 barley alpha-amylase cleft and comparison with biochemical data. PubMed: Performance of single comb White Leghorn layers fed corn-soybean meal and barley-corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with a direct-fed microbial. PubMed: Localization of an O-glycosylated site in the recombinant barley alpha-amylase 1 produced in yeast and correction of the amino acid sequence using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of peptide mixtures. PubMed: Changes in preferences of gestating heifers fed untreated or ammoniated straw in different flavors. PubMed: A survey of β-glucan and arabinoxylan content in wheat. PubMed: Apoptosis in developing anthers and the role of ABA in this process during androgenesis in Hordeum vulgare L. PubMed: Lactose-hydrolyzing beta-glycosidases of barley meal. PubMed: Indigestion in young calves. II. The influence of ground barley, coarse and fine hay. PubMed: Gastric emptying of barley-soya-bean diets in the pig: effects of feeding level, supplementary maize oil, sucrose or cellulose, and water intake. PubMed: Callus formation versus differentiation of cultured barley embryos: hormonal and osmotic interactions. PubMed: Biosensor reporting of root exudation from Hordeum vulgare in relation to shoot nitrate concentration. PubMed: Increasing sucrose uptake capacity of wheat grains stimulates storage protein synthesis. PubMed: Food preference and acceptance of novel foods by lambs depend on the composition of the basal diet. PubMed: Effects of grain source and enzyme additive on site and extent of nutrient digestion in dairy cows. PubMed: Physical and sensory characterization and consumer preference of corn and barley-fed beef. PubMed: Changes in denitrifier abundance, denitrification gene mRNA levels, nitrous oxide emissions, and denitrification in anoxic soil microcosms amended with glucose and plant residues. PubMed: Identification of aroma active compounds of cereal coffee brew and its roasted ingredients. PubMed: Preference of sheep for foods varying in flavors and nutrients. PubMed: Beer-induced pancreatic enzyme secretion: characterization of some signaling pathways and of the responsible nonalcoholic compounds. PubMed: Factors related to colonic fermentation of nondigestible carbohydrates of a previous evening meal increase tissue glucose uptake and moderate glucose-associated inflammation. PubMed: Transport activity of rice sucrose transporters OsSUT1 and OsSUT5. PubMed: Lactose in diet influences the degradation of mixed linked β(1-3;1-4)-D-glucan in the small intestine of pigs. PubMed: Effect of low voltage electrical stimulation on the distribution of cathepsin D and the palatability of the Longissimus dorsi from Holstein veal calves fed a corn or barley diet. PubMed: How herbivores track variable environments: Response to variability of phytotoxins. PubMed: Electron flow to photosystem I from stromal reductants in vivo: the size of the pool of stromal reductants controls the rate of electron donation to both rapidly and slowly reducing photosystem I units. PubMed: Preference for flavoured foods by lambs conditioned with intraruminal administration of nitrogen. PubMed: Sweet delivery - sugar translocators as ports of entry for antisense oligodeoxynucleotides in plant cells. PubMed: Sucrose synthase catalyzes the de novo production of ADPglucose linked to starch biosynthesis in heterotrophic tissues of plants. PubMed: Influence of dietary carbohydrates and glycaemic response on subjective appetite and food intake in healthy elderly persons. PubMed: Carbohydrate fermentation decreases hepatic glucose output in healthy subjects. PubMed: Do starch statoliths act as the gravisensors in cereal grass pulvini? PubMed: The relationship between induction of embryogenesis and chromosome doubling in microspore cultures. PubMed: Glucose modulates the abscisic acid-inducible Rab16A gene in cereal embryos. PubMed: Relationships between the addition rates of cellulase or glucose and silage fermentation at different temperatures. PubMed: Seed development and differentiation: a role for metabolic regulation. PubMed: myo-Inositol and sucrose concentrations affect the accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides in seeds. PubMed: Signal peptide homology between the sweet protein thaumatin II and unrelated cereal alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitors. PubMed: Phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of selected natural sweeteners available on the Polish market. PubMed: A herbicide antidote (safener) induces the activity of both the herbicide detoxifying enzyme and of a vacuolar transporter for the detoxified herbicide. PubMed: Influence of level of concentrate allocation and fermentability of forage fiber on chewing behavior and production of dairy cows. PubMed: The effect of carbohydrate source on nitrogen capture in dairy cows on pasture. PubMed: Transplanting two unique beta-glucanase catalytic activities into one multienzyme, which forms glucose. PubMed: In vitro digestion characteristics of unprocessed and processed whole grains and their components. PubMed: Effects of wheat dried distillers' grains with solubles and cinnamaldehyde on in vitro fermentation and protein degradation using the Rusitec technique. PubMed: Catalytic mechanisms and reaction intermediates along the hydrolytic pathway of a plant beta-D-glucan glucohydrolase. PubMed: Plant growth regulation activity of steviol and derivatives. PubMed: An important pool of sucrose linked to starch biosynthesis is taken up by endocytosis in heterotrophic cells. PubMed: Effects of a proteolytic feed enzyme on intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, and milk production. PubMed: Effects of various glucogenic sources on production and metabolic responses of dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets. PubMed: Comparison of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric to enzyme colorimetric quantification of glucose from enzyme-hydrolyzed starch. PubMed: Effect of protein source on amino acid supply, milk production, and metabolism of plasma nutrients in dairy cows fed grass silage. PubMed: In vitro interactions of the aphid endosymbiotic SymL chaperonin with barley yellow dwarf virus. PubMed: Fecal streptococci on barley and malt kernels and instant malted milk powder. PubMed: A cell-free system for the study of alpha-amylase synthesis in barley aleurone layers. PubMed: Mutational analysis of the active center of plant fructosyltransferases: Festuca 1-SST and barley 6-SFT. PubMed: The physical form of a barley grain and barley straw diet and nitrogen metabolism in sheep. PubMed: Dietary supplementation with nonconventional feeds from the Middle East: assessing the effects on physicochemical and organoleptic properties of Awassi sheep milk and yogurt. PubMed: Influence of the brewing process on furfuryl ethyl ether formation during beer aging. PubMed: Down-regulation of linear and activation of cyclic electron transport during drought. PubMed: Optimization of production of monacolin K from gamma-irradiated Monascus mutant by use of response surface methodology. PubMed: Dietary cation-anion difference and the health and production of pasture-fed dairy cows. 1. Dairy cows in early lactation. PubMed: The effect of two sucrose diets on formation of dentin and predentin in growing rats. PubMed: Different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae differ in their effects on ruminal bacterial numbers in vitro and in sheep. PubMed: Biochemical, physiological, and molecular characterization of sucrose synthase from Daucus carota. PubMed: Influence of supplemental protein source and feeding frequency on rumen fermentation and performance in dairy cows. PubMed: Simultaneous production of glucoamylase and acid-stable alpha-amylase using novel submerged culture of Aspergillus kawachii NBRC4308. PubMed: Chemoenzymatic synthesis of branched oligo- and polysaccharides as potential substrates for starch active enzymes. PubMed: Effects of casein and glucose on responses of cows fed diets based on restrictively fermented grass silage. PubMed: Effect of dietary carbohydrate composition and availability on utilization of ruminal ammonia nitrogen for milk protein synthesis in dairy cows. PubMed: Oligomerization status, with the monomer as active species, defines catalytic efficiency of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. PubMed: Effect of the glycemic index and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based breakfast meals on glucose tolerance at lunch in healthy subjects. PubMed: Purification and characterisation of crystalline -amylase from barley. PubMed: Glucose entry rates in sheep given diets of barley, dried grass or hay. PubMed: Effect of kinetin on the level of reducing sugars in barley leaves. PubMed: Inhibition of barley malt alpha-glucosidase by Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and erythritol. PubMed: [Sucrose hydrolysis and glucose absorption by isolated barley embryos]. PubMed: [Behavior of various enzyme systems of barley seed]. PubMed: Purification and antigenicity of three isolates of barley yellow dwarf virus. PubMed: The formation of uridine diphosphate-glucuronic acid in plants. Uridine diphosphate-glucuronic acid pyrophosphorylase from barley seedlings. PubMed: Viral and host RNA synthesis in BSMV-infected barley. PubMed: Influence of grain processing on in vitro enzymatic starch digestion of barley and sorghum grain. PubMed: Culture methods and detection of glucanases in suspension cultures of wheat and barley. PubMed: Randomization of the carbon atoms in glucose and fructose during their metabolism in barley seedlings. PubMed: Extreme variations in the ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitution rates in signal peptide evolution. PubMed: Glycaemic index and glycaemic load of selected popular foods consumed in Southeast Asia. PubMed: Comparison on the fatty acid profiles of liver, subcutaneous fat and muscle from feedlot steers finished on diets supplemented with or without cinnamaldehyde or monensin. PubMed: Effects of ruminal doses of sucrose, lactose, and corn starch on ruminal fermentation and expression of genes in ruminal epithelial cells. PubMed: Effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation and feeding level on dairy performance, milk fatty acid composition, and body fat changes in mid-lactation goats. PubMed: How sweet it is: identification of vacuolar sucrose transporters. PubMed: Effects of supplemental fat on growth performance and quality of beef from steers fed corn finishing diets. PubMed: Cyclitols protect glutamine synthetase and malate dehydrogenase against heat induced deactivation and thermal denaturation. PubMed: Various grain substrates for the production of fruiting bodies and bioactive compounds of the medicinal caterpillar mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes). PubMed: Comparison of different ionic liquids pretreatment for corn stover enzymatic saccharification. PubMed: Combinatorial effects of distillery and sugar factory effluents in crop plants. PubMed: Microbiota during fermentation of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) sauce mash inoculated with halotolerant microbial starters: analyses using the plate count method and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). PubMed: TaEIL1, a wheat homologue of AtEIN3, acts as a negative regulator in the wheat-stripe rust fungus interaction. PubMed: Nutrient-specific preferences by lambs conditioned with intraruminal infusions of starch, casein, and water. PubMed: Epithelial response to high-grain diets involves alteration in nutrient transporters and Na+/K+-ATPase mRNA expression in rumen and colon of goats. PubMed: Peroxisomal carnitine acetyl transferase is required for elaboration of penetration hyphae during plant infection by Magnaporthe grisea. PubMed: Growing rate of gain on subsequent feedlot performance, meat, and carcass quality of beef steers. PubMed: Separation of thylakoid membrane proteins by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation or blue native-SDS-PAGE two-dimensional electrophoresis. PubMed: TaMYB13 is a transcriptional activator of fructosyltransferase genes involved in β-2,6-linked fructan synthesis in wheat. PubMed: [Highly molassed sugar beef pulp in ruminant's nutrition. I. Composition, compatibility, digestibility of a diet containing high ratios of highly molassed sugar beef pulp, and its physiological effects on ruminal metabolism of the sheep (author's transl)]. PubMed: Production disease control: three dairy herd case studies in NE Scotland. PubMed: A viscometric assay for pullulanase-type, debranching enzymes. PubMed: The effect of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on nutrient intake, digestibility and finishing performance of lambs fed a diet based on dried molasses sugar beet-pulp. PubMed: The biosynthetic pathway of vitamin C in higher plants. PubMed: Analysis and significance of gravity-induced asymmetric growth in the grass leaf-sheath pulvinus. PubMed: A new improved method for the assay of endo-beta-1,3-glucanase. PubMed: The effect of frequency of feeding and of the dietary energy source upon microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of sheep [proceedings]. PubMed: A review of bloat in cattle. PubMed: The influence of dietary protein upon blood composition in dairy cows. PubMed: Reed canary grass as a feedstock for 2nd generation bioethanol production. PubMed: A soluble acid invertase is directed to the vacuole by a signal anchor mechanism. PubMed: Tempeh: a mold-modified indigenous fermented food made from soybeans and/or cereal grains. PubMed: Some thaumatin-like proteins hydrolyse polymeric beta-1,3-glucans. PubMed: Effects of glucose, propionic acid, and nonessential amino acids on glucose metabolism and milk yield in Holstein dairy cows. PubMed: Properties of duck meat sausages supplemented with cereal flours. PubMed: The FgHOG1 pathway regulates hyphal growth, stress responses, and plant infection in Fusarium graminearum. PubMed: A member of the mitogen-activated protein 3-kinase family is involved in the regulation of plant vacuolar glucose uptake. PubMed: Banana as adjunct in beer production: applicability and performance of fermentative parameters. PubMed: Ferulic acid release and 4-vinylguaiacol formation during brewing and fermentation: indications for feruloyl esterase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PubMed: Characterization of factors that transform linoleic acid into di- and trihydroxyoctadecenoic acids in mash. PubMed: Seed 1-cysteine peroxiredoxin antioxidants are not involved in dormancy, but contribute to inhibition of germination during stress. PubMed: Arabidopsis sucrose transporter AtSUC9. High-affinity transport activity, intragenic control of expression, and early flowering mutant phenotype. PubMed: The effect of fermented apple diet supplementation on the growth performance and meat quality in finishing pigs. PubMed: Prospects for using nonconventional feeds in diets for Awassi dairy sheep in Syria. PubMed: Vinasse added to the concentrate for fattening lambs: intake, animal performance, and carcass and meat characteristics. PubMed: Study of the intercellular fluid of healthy Lupinus albus organs. Presence of a chitinase and a thaumatin-like protein. PubMed: Abscisic acid-induced secretory proteins in suspension-cultured cells of winter wheat. PubMed: Cinnamaldehyde in feedlot cattle diets: intake, growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood metabolites. PubMed: [Isomeric trihydroxy-octadecenoic acids in beer: Evidence for their presence and quantitative determination (author's transl)]. PubMed: Dose response to cinnamaldehyde supplementation in growing beef heifers: ruminal and intestinal digestion. PubMed: An evaluation of the acidogenic potential of maltodextrins in vivo. PubMed: Characterization of a pathogenesis-related thaumatin-like protein gene TaPR5 from wheat induced by stripe rust fungus. PubMed: Cognitive performance is associated with glucose regulation in healthy elderly persons and can be enhanced with glucose and dietary carbohydrates. PubMed: Histomonas meleagridis (Protozoa: Trichomonadidae): analysis of growth requirements in vitro. PubMed: Reduction of fumonisin B1 in extruded corn breakfast cereals with salt, malt and sugar in their formulation. PubMed: Supplementation with plant extracts (carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and capsaicin): its effects on acid-base status and productive performance in growing/finishing bull calves. PubMed: Positively selected disease response orthologous gene sets in the cereals identified using Sorghum bicolor L. Moench expression profiles and comparative genomics. PubMed: Hymenolepis diminuta: glucose and glycogen gradients in the adult tapeworm. PubMed: Use of protease inhibitors for detecting autophagy in plants. PubMed: Effect of safflower oil, flaxseed oil, monensin, and vitamin E on concentration of conjugated linoleic acid in bovine milk fat. PubMed: Glucose and protein metabolism during late pregnancy in triplet-bearing ewes given fresh forages ad lib. 1. Voluntary intake and birth weight. PubMed: Comparison of measurements of glucose flux rates in wethers and in pregnant and lactating ewes using C14 and H3 labelled tracers. PubMed: Effects of dietary glucogenic precursors and fat on feed intake and carbohydrate status of transition dairy cows. PubMed: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36)amide and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion in response to nutrient ingestion in man: acute post-prandial and 24-h secretion patterns. PubMed: Effects of a new molasses byproduct, concentrated separator byproduct, on nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in cattle. PubMed: Inhibition of glycosidases by aldonolactones of corresponding configuration. The specificity of alpha-L-arabinosidase. PubMed: Multiple specificity of human serum dextran-binding immunoglobulin: alpha (1-->6)- and beta (1-->3)-linked glucose and alpha (1-->3)-linked galactose in natural glycoconjugates are recognized. PubMed: AtATG genes, homologs of yeast autophagy genes, are involved in constitutive autophagy in Arabidopsis root tip cells. PubMed: Effects of alfalfa extract, anise, capsicum, and a mixture of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on ruminal fermentation and protein degradation in beef heifers fed a high-concentrate diet. PubMed: Effect of milking frequency and diet on milk production, energy balance, and reproduction in dairy cows. PubMed: Effect of long-term feed restriction on seasonal endocrine changes in soay sheep. PubMed: Effects of resalination on intestinal glucose transport in chickens adapted to low Na+ intakes. PubMed: Na/D-glucose cotransport and SGLT1 expression in hen colon correlates with dietary Na+. PubMed: Molecular cloning and characterization of six cDNAs expressed during glucose starvation in excised maize (Zea mays L.) root tips. PubMed: Dietary components of malt extract such as maltodextrins, proteins and inorganic salts have distinct effects on glucose uptake and glycogen concentrations in rats. PubMed: Factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by sheep. 6. The effect of monosodium glutamate on the palatability of straw diets by sham-fed and normal animals. PubMed: Beta 1,4-oligoglucosides inhibit the binding of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia to human monocytes. PubMed: Cloning and sequence of the Salmonella typhimurium hemL gene and identification of the missing enzyme in hemL mutants as glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase. PubMed: Cloning and characterization of the beta-amylase gene from Bacillus polymyxa. PubMed: Effect of dietary cereals on intestinal permeability in experimental enteropathy in rats. PubMed: Effect of intravenous supplements of L-methionine on milk yield and composition in cows given silage-cereal diets. PubMed: [The contribution of betaine and glutamic acid to nitrogen digestion and balance during feeding of vinasse to growing pigs]. PubMed: Influence of carbohydrate source on liver fat accumulation in hens. PubMed: A novel connection between nucleotide and carbohydrate metabolism in mitochondria: sugar regulation of the Arabidopsis nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3a gene. PubMed: Constitutive autophagy in plant root cells. PubMed: Gene cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of a bi-functional beta-D-xylosidase/alpha-L-arabinosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus involved in xylan degradation. PubMed: Production, purification, and biochemical characterization of two beta-glucosidases from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PubMed: Chemoenzymatic syntheses of linear and branched hemithiomaltodextrins as potential inhibitors for starch-debranching enzymes. PubMed: Growth, carcass characteristics, muscle conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content, and response to intravenous glucose challenge in high percentage Wagyu, Wagyu x Limousin, and Limousin steers fed sunflower oil-containing diet. PubMed: Effects of abomasal infusions of histidine, glucose, and leucine on milk production and plasma metabolites of dairy cows fed grass silage diets. PubMed: Diet-related adaptation of the small intestine at weaning in pigs is functional rather than structural. PubMed: Starch digestion rate in the small intestine of broiler chickens differs among feedstuffs. PubMed: Importance of enzyme purity and activity in the measurement of total dietary fiber and dietary fiber components. PubMed: Transgenic potato tubers accumulate high levels of 1-kestose and nystose: functional identification of a sucrose sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase of artichoke (Cynara scolymus) blossom discs. PubMed: Starch utilization by ruminants: from basics to the bunk. PubMed: A novel family 9 endoglucanase gene (celD), whose product cleaves substrates mainly to glucose, and its adjacent upstream homolog (celE) from Fibrobacter succinogenes S85. PubMed: The effect of sucrose supplements on particle-associated carboxymethylcellulase (EC 3.2.1.4) and xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) activities in cattle given grass-silage-based diet. PubMed: Duodenal infusion of fat, cholecystokinin secretion and satiety in the pig. PubMed: Glycosyl ureides in ruminant nutrition. 3. In vivo studies on the metabolism of glycosyl ureides and corresponding mixtures of their free component molecules. PubMed: [Effects of the presence of hydrolyzed amides in the diets of weaned piglets on the digestive utilization of various nutrients]. PubMed: Studies on digestion and absorption in the intestines of growing pigs. 7. Measurements of the flow of total carbohydrate, total reducing substances and glucose.