hydrocyanic acid
hydrogen cyanide
Identification
| Name | hydrocyanic acid |
| IUPAC | formonitrile |
| CAS Number | 74-90-8 |
| EINECS | 200-821-6 |
| FDA UNII | 2WTB3V159F |
| Molecular Formula | C H N |
| Molecular Weight | 27.02597000 |
| Nikkaji Number | J209.341C |
| Beilstein | 1718793 |
Regulatory
Physical Properties
| Appearance | colorless gas or liquid (est) |
| Assay | 95.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Specific Gravity | 0.68740 @ 0.00 °C. |
| Refractive Index | 1.26190 @ 0.00 °C. |
| Melting Point | 5.00 °C. @ 0.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 79.00 °C. @ 0.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 742.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Vapor Density | 0.94 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point | -27.00 °F. TCC ( -32.50 °C. ) (est) |
| logP (o/w) | -0.250 |
| Soluble in | water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
No sensory data available
Safety Information
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | oral-bird - wild LDLo 7500 ug/kg |
| Dermal Toxicity | subcutaneous-bird - wild LDLo 100 ug/kg |
| Inhalation Toxicity | inhalation-human LCLo 120 mg/m3/1H |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for hydrocyanic acid usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| Recommendation for hydrocyanic acid flavor usage levels up to | not for flavor use. |
No supplier data available
Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
carbon hydride nitride
cyclon
formonitrile
hydrogen cyanide
prussic acid
Info:
Hydrogen Cyanide
PubMed:
The usefulness of intermediate products of plum processing for alcoholic fermentation and chemical composition of the obtained distillates.
PubMed:
A qNMR approach for bitterness phenotyping and QTL identification in an F1 apricot progeny.
PubMed:
Toxicological evaluation of potassium sorbate added to cigarette tobacco.
PubMed:
Scope for regulation of cigarette smoke toxicity according to brand differences in published toxicant emissions.
PubMed:
Production and evaluation of Ighu from selected cassava varieties using a motorized shredder-a response surface analysis.
PubMed:
[Health risks from pest control products].
PubMed:
Transcriptional regulation of de novo biosynthesis of cyanogenic glucosides throughout the life-cycle of the burnet moth Zygaena filipendulae (Lepidoptera).
PubMed:
Millipedes as food for humans: their nutritional and possible antimalarial value-a first report.
PubMed:
The multiple strategies of an insect herbivore to overcome plant cyanogenic glucoside defence.
PubMed:
Cyanogenic glycosides: synthesis, physiology, and phenotypic plasticity.
PubMed:
Single oral dose toxicity study of prebrewed armeniacae semen in rats.
PubMed:
[Evaluation of an analytical method for cyanogenic compounds in bean paste and its application for surveillance of real samples].
PubMed:
Cyanogenic glycosides in plant-based foods available in New Zealand.
PubMed:
Molecular products from the thermal degradation of glutamic acid.
PubMed:
Genetic diversity analysis of cyanogenic potential (CNp) of root among improved genotypes of cassava using simple sequence repeat markers.
PubMed:
[Characterization of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) grown in Venezuela].
PubMed:
The usefulness of intermediate products of plum processing for alcoholic fermentation and chemical composition of the obtained distillates.
PubMed:
Feeding potential of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) peels ensiled with Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium assessed with West African dwarf goats.
PubMed:
Drying and processing protocols affect the quantification of cyanogenic glucosides in forage sorghum.
PubMed:
Estimating hydrogen cyanide in forage sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) by near-infrared spectroscopy.
PubMed:
An efficient fermentation method for the degradation of cyanogenic glycosides in flaxseed.
PubMed:
Empiric management of cyanide toxicity associated with smoke inhalation.
PubMed:
Smoke inhalation injury in a pregnant patient: a literature review of the evidence and current best practices in the setting of a classic case.
PubMed:
Effects of cyanogenic plants on fitness in two host strains of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda).
PubMed:
A mass cyanide poisoning from pickling bamboo shoots.
PubMed:
Background levels and diurnal variations of hydrogen cyanide in breath and emitted from skin.
PubMed:
A simple analytical method for dhurrin content evaluation in cyanogenic plants for their utilization in fodder and biofumigation.
PubMed:
A survey of total hydrocyanic acid content in ready-to-eat cassava-based chips obtained in the Australian market in 2008.
PubMed:
Comparison of gas chromotography, spectrophotometry and near infrared spectroscopy to quantify prussic acid potential in forages.
PubMed:
Moisture-pressure combination treatments for cyanide reduction in grated cassava.
PubMed:
Cyanogenic glucosides in the biological warfare between plants and insects: the Burnet moth-Birdsfoot trefoil model system.
PubMed:
The use of a novel tobacco treatment process to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke.
PubMed:
The concentration of ethyl carbamate in commercial ume (Prunus mume) liqueur products and a method of reducing it.
PubMed:
Effect of germination and autoclaving of sprouted finger millet and kidney beans on cyanide content.
PubMed:
An FTIR study of the induction and release of kiwifruit buds from dormancy.
PubMed:
Nutritional and anti-nutritional potential of three accessions of itching bean (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC var. pruriens): an under-utilized tribal pulse.
PubMed:
Semi-quantitative tests of cyanide in foods and excreta of Three Hapalemur species in Madagascar.
PubMed:
Growth and nutritive value of cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz.) are reduced when grown in elevated CO.
PubMed:
Quorum-quenching acylase reduces the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model.
PubMed:
Changes in nutritional value of cyanogenic trifolium repens grown at elevated atmospheric CO2.
PubMed:
Analysis of cyanogens with resorcinol and picrate.
PubMed:
Aposematism in Archips cerasivoranus not linked to the sequestration of host-derived cyanide.
PubMed:
Evaluation of production of some antifungal metabolites by fluorescent pseudomonads in vitro and their inhibitory effect on Penicillium digitatum in semi-commercial condition.
PubMed:
Cyanogenesis in plants and arthropods.
PubMed:
The conversion of chicken manure to bio-oil by fast pyrolysis. III. Analyses of chicken manure, bio-oils and char by Py-FIMS and Py-FDMS.
PubMed:
The concentration distributions of some metabolites in the exhaled breath of young adults.
PubMed:
Quantitative measurement of cyanide released from Prussian Blue.
PubMed:
Toxicological evaluation of potassium sorbate added to cigarette tobacco.
PubMed:
Validation of an in vitro method for the determination of cyanide release from ferric-hexacyanoferrate: Prussian blue.
PubMed:
Isolation and characterization of rhizosphere bacteria with potential for biological control of weeds in vineyards.
PubMed:
Isolation and characterization of a novel banana rhizosphere bacterium as fungal antagonist and microbial adjuvant in micropropagation of banana.
PubMed:
Chronic poisoning by hydrogen cyanide in cassava and its prevention in Africa and Latin America.
PubMed:
Glass distilling collector applied for HCN recovery from submerged culture broth and fruiting body of Pleurotus eryngii for identification and quantification.
PubMed:
Determination of cyanide in blood by isotope-dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Retrospective trends and current status of ethyl carbamate in German stone-fruit spirits.
PubMed:
Rapid screening for ethyl carbamate in stone-fruit spirits using FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics.
PubMed:
Study on tobacco components involved in the pyrolytic generation of selected smoke constituents.
PubMed:
Characterization of antifungal metabolite produced by a new strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PUPa3 that exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity and biofertilizing traits.
PubMed:
Effects of temperature, atmosphere and pH on the generation of smoke compounds during tobacco pyrolysis.
PubMed:
Acute Cycas seed poisoning in Taiwan.
PubMed:
Cyanide toxicosis in goats after ingestion of California Holly (Heteromeles arbutifolia).
PubMed:
Cassava cyanogens and free amino acids in raw and cooked leaves.
PubMed:
Chemical composition of certain tribal pulses in South India.
PubMed:
The clinicopathologic significance of enriching grated cassava mash with red palm oil in the production of gari.
PubMed:
The enhancement of the nutritive value of mango seed kernels for poultry by thermal treatment and radiation processing.
PubMed:
Evaluation of the potential effects of ingredients added to cigarettes. Part 2: chemical composition of mainstream smoke.
PubMed:
Nutritional potential of biochemical components in Galactia longifolia Benth. (Fabaceae).
PubMed:
Chemical analysis and nutritional assessment of Teramnus labialis (L.) Spreng. (Fabaceae).
PubMed:
Evaluation of the nutritional quality and acceptability of fingermillet-based tempe as potential weaning foods in Tanzania.
PubMed:
Degradation of cyanogenic glycosides by Lactobacillus plantarum strains from spontaneous cassava fermentation and other microorganisms.
PubMed:
Reduction of some toxicants in Icacina mannii by fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed:
Assessment of cyanogenic glucoside (cyanide) residues in Mbege: an opaque traditional Tanzanian beer.
PubMed:
The nutritional value of indigenous fruits and vegetables in Sarawak.
PubMed:
Low cyanide exposure from consumption of cassava in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
PubMed:
Physicochemical properties and garification (gari yield) of selected cassava cultivars in Rivers State, Nigeria.
PubMed:
Acute cyanide toxicity caused by apricot kernel ingestion.
PubMed:
Long-term follow-up of konzo patients.
PubMed:
Mechanism of cyanogenesis: the crystal structure of hydroxynitrile lyase from Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:
Effect of traditional processing of cassava on the cyanide content of gari and cassava flour.
PubMed:
Chemical composition of the edible leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedii.
PubMed:
Studies on the underexploited legumes, Indigofera linifolia and Sesbania bispinosa: nutrient composition and antinutritional factors.
PubMed:
Ion chromatographic determination of cyanide released from flaxseed under autohydrolysis conditions.
PubMed:
The adverse effects of long-term cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) consumption.
PubMed:
Black cherry poisoning in an Angora goat.
PubMed:
Biochemical studies of some non-conventional sources of proteins. Part 7. Effect of detoxification treatments on the nutritional quality of apricot kernels.
PubMed:
Microdiffusion method with solid state detection of cyanogenic glycosides from cassava in human urine.
PubMed:
Development and implementation of a safety evaluation program for chemical fibers.
PubMed:
The effect of fermentation on the nutrient status and on some toxic components of Icacinia manni.
PubMed:
Hydrocyanate, oxalate, phytate, calcium and zinc in selected brands of Nigerian cocoa beverage.
PubMed:
Yields of tar and other smoke components from UK cigarettes.
PubMed:
The toxic effects of cassava (manihot esculenta grantz) diets on humans: a review.
PubMed:
Ethyl carbamate: analytical methodology, occurrence, formation, biological activity and risk assessment.
PubMed:
Cyanogenesis in plants.
PubMed:
Cyanoglycoside gynocardin fromAcraea horta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Acraeinae) : Possible implications for evolution of acraeine host choice.
PubMed:
Metabolism of linamarin in rats.
PubMed:
Cyanogenesis in animal-plant interactions.
PubMed:
Anti-nutritional and toxic factors in food legumes: a review.
PubMed:
Mantakassa: an epidemic of spastic paraparesis associated with chronic cyanide intoxication in a cassava staple area of Mozambique. 2. Nutritional factors and hydrocyanic acid content of cassava products. Ministry of Health, Mozambique.
PubMed:
Particle size distribution of hydrocyanic acid in gari, a cassava-based product.
PubMed:
Cassava - a valuable food but a possible poison.
PubMed:
Volatiles produced by microorganisms isolated from refrigerated chicken at spoilage.
PubMed:
Production of hydrogen cyanide by Pseudomonas fluorescens.
PubMed:
[Hydrogen cyanide content in stewed stone fruits and wines].
PubMed:
Some aspects of food and nutrition in Sierra Leone.
PubMed:
Semiochemical--structure and function.
PubMed:
[Method of determination of hydrogen cyanide in grain and flour].
PubMed:
Cassava as food in Nigeria.
PubMed:
Nutritive value of Nigerian water melon.
PubMed:
[HYDROCYANIC ACID POISONING BY BITTER ALMONDS FROM THE PSYCHOLOGIC AND THERAPEUTIC VIEWPOINT].
PubMed:
[DETERMINATION OF RESIDUAL HYDROGEN CYANIDE IN FUMIGATED BANANAS].