annatto seed extract (aqueous-processed bixin)
annatto E
Identification
| Name | annatto seed extract (aqueous-processed bixin) |
| IUPAC | (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16Z,18E)-20-methoxy-4,8,13,17-tetramethyl-20-oxoicosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaenoic acid |
| CAS Number | 6983-79-5 |
| EINECS | 230-248-7 |
| FDA UNII | Search |
| Molecular Formula | C25 H30 O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 394.51090000 |
Regulatory
| FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, Notices | EU SANCO |
| JECFA Food Additive | Annatto Extract (Aqueous-Processed Bixin) |
| GSFA Codex | Annatto extracts, bixin-based (160b(i)) |
| DG SANTE Food Additives | annatto E |
Physical Properties
| Appearance | dark red brown to red purple powder (est) |
| Assay | 25.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Melting Point | 198.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 596.02 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est) |
| Flash Point | 388.00 °F. TCC ( 197.80 °C. ) (est) |
| logP (o/w) | 6.170 (est) |
| Soluble in | acetone |
| Insoluble in | water |
No sensory data available
Safety Information
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | Not determined |
| Dermal Toxicity | Not determined |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | coloring agents |
| Recommendation for annatto seed extract (aqueous-processed bixin) usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| Recommendation for annatto seed extract (aqueous-processed bixin) flavor usage levels up to | not for flavor use. |
No supplier data available
Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
annatto E
bixa orellana seed extract (aqueous-processed bixin)
c.i. 75120 (aqueous-processed bixin)
ci 75120 (aqueous-processed bixin)
natural orange 4 (aqueous-processed bixin)
Info:
EVALUATION OF CERTAIN FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS
PubMed:
Annatto prevents retinal degeneration induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed:
Systemic administration of the apocarotenoid bixin protects skin against solar UV-induced damage through activation of NRF2.
PubMed:
De novo transcriptome sequencing in Bixa orellana to identify genes involved in methylerythritol phosphate, carotenoid and bixin biosynthesis.
PubMed:
Bixin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for enhanced hepatoprotection--preparation, characterisation and in vivo evaluation.
PubMed:
Aprotic solvents effect on the UV-visible absorption spectra of bixin.
PubMed:
DFT and ENDOR Study of Bixin Radical Cations and Neutral Radicals on Silica-Alumina.
PubMed:
Short communication: norbixin and bixin partitioning in Cheddar cheese and whey.
PubMed:
Bixin protects hepatocytes against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced genotoxicity but does not suppress DNA damage and pre-neoplastic lesions in the colon of Wistar rats.
PubMed:
Inhibition of cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in rat brain by polar and non-polar extracts of Annatto (Bixa orellana) seeds.
PubMed:
Protective effect of bixin on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
PubMed:
Effect of bixin and norbixin on the expression of cytochrome P450 in HepG2 cell line.
PubMed:
Inhibition of Cholesterol and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Oxidation through the Use of Annatto and Bixin in High-Pressure Processed Fish.
PubMed:
Characterisation and stability evaluation of bixin nanocapsules.
PubMed:
Bixin activates PPARα and improves obesity-induced abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in mice.
PubMed:
Induction of liver monooxygenases by annatto and bixin in female rats.
PubMed:
Bixin action in the healing process of rats mouth wounds.
PubMed:
The antiatherogenic effect of bixin in hypercholesterolemic rabbits is associated to the improvement of lipid profile and to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
PubMed:
Protective effect of bixin on cisplatin-induced genotoxicity in PC12 cells.
PubMed:
Effects of thermal denaturation on binding between bixin and whey protein.
PubMed:
Effects of pH on the molecular binding between β-lactoglobulin and bixin.
PubMed:
Bixin and norbixin have opposite effects on glycemia, lipidemia, and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
PubMed:
A thirteen-week oral toxicity study of annatto extract (norbixin), a natural food color extracted from the seed coat of annatto (Bixa orellana L.), in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed:
Contact sensitizing potential of annatto extract and its two primary color components, cis-bixin and norbixin, in female BALB/c mice.
PubMed:
Interaction of curcumin and bixin with β-cyclodextrin: complexation methods, stability, and applications in food.
PubMed:
Bixin and norbixin protect against DNA-damage and alterations of redox status induced by methylmercury exposure in vivo.
PubMed:
Annatto constituent cis-bixin has selective antimyeloma effects mediated by oxidative stress and associated with inhibition of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase.
PubMed:
Binding between bixin and whey protein at pH 7.4 studied by spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry.
PubMed:
Simultaneous extraction and analysis by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and mass spectrometric detectors of bixin and phenolic compounds from annatto seeds.
PubMed:
Extraction of an hyperglycaemic principle from the annatto (Bixa orellana), a medicinal plant in the West Indies.
PubMed:
Bixin regulates mRNA expression involved in adipogenesis and enhances insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through PPARgamma activation.
PubMed:
Studies on application of annatto (Bixa orellena L.) dye formulations in dairy products.
PubMed:
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of Bixa orellana seeds.
PubMed:
Toxicity of the hyperglycaemic-inducing extract of the annatto (Bixa orellana) in the dog.
PubMed:
Evaluation of the clastogenicity and anticlastogenicity of the carotenoid bixin in human lymphocyte cultures.
PubMed:
Model studies on the photosensitized isomerization of bixin.
PubMed:
Analysis of binding interaction between the natural apocarotenoid bixin and human serum albumin by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy.
PubMed:
Antioxidant action of bixin against cisplatin-induced chromosome aberrations and lipid peroxidation in rats.
PubMed:
Bixin and norbixin in human plasma: determination and study of the absorption of a single dose of Annatto food color.
PubMed:
[Analysis of the uncertainty of the easily oxidized substance of the injector by titration].
PubMed:
Thermal degradation kinetics of bixin in an aqueous model system.
PubMed:
Biosynthesis of the food and cosmetic plant pigment bixin (annatto).
PubMed:
Inhibitory effect of apocarotenoids on the activity of tyrosinase: Multi-spectroscopic and docking studies.
PubMed:
Next generation sequencing and de novo transcriptome analysis of Costus pictus D. Don, a non-model plant with potent anti-diabetic properties.
PubMed:
Circular dichroism and absorption spectroscopic data reveal binding of the natural cis-carotenoid bixin to human alpha1-acid glycoprotein.
PubMed:
Generalized and rapid supramolecular solvent-based sample treatment for the determination of annatto in food.
PubMed:
Hypoglycaemic activity of Bixa orellana extract in the dog.
PubMed:
ToF-SIMS characterization of thermal modifications of bixin from Bixa orellana fruit.
PubMed:
Protective effect of curcumin, ellagic acid and bixin on radiation induced genotoxicity.
PubMed:
Detection of bixin, lycopene, canthaxanthin, and beta-apo-8'-carotenal in products derived from red pepper.
PubMed:
The coupled reactions between methyl linoleate and bixin or tocopherol during oxidation by lipoxidase.
PubMed:
Determination of bixin and norbixin in meat using liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection.
PubMed:
Norbixin ingestion did not induce any detectable DNA breakage in liver and kidney but caused a considerable impairment in plasma glucose levels of rats and mice.
PubMed:
[Detection of the annatto dye norbixin/bixin in cheese using derivative spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)].
PubMed:
Protective effect of curcumin, ellagic acid and bixin on radiation induced toxicity.
PubMed:
High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of carminic acid, alpha- and beta-bixin, and alpha- and beta-norbixin, and the determination of carminic acid in foods.
PubMed:
Characterization of bixin by LC-MS and LC-NMR.
PubMed:
In vitro scavenging capacity of annatto seed extracts against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
PubMed:
Identification and expression pattern of a new carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase gene member from Bixa orellana.
PubMed:
Characteristic Parameters of MTF of the Retina-Brain System.
PubMed:
Energized state of mitochondria as revealed by the spectral change of bound bixin.
PubMed:
Spectral changes of bixin upon interaction with respiring rat liver mitochondria.
PubMed:
The induced reaction between methyl linoleate and bixin during oxidation by lipoxidase.
PubMed:
THE PREPARATION OF BIXIN.
PubMed:
Development of carotenoid storage cells in Bixa orellana L. seed arils.
PubMed:
RNA-Seq analysis and annotation of a draft blueberry genome assembly identifies candidate genes involved in fruit ripening, biosynthesis of bioactive compounds, and stage-specific alternative splicing.
PubMed:
Carotenoids inhibit proliferation and regulate expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in K562 cancer cells.
PubMed:
Development of a novel PPARγ ligand screening system using pinpoint fluorescence-probed protein.
PubMed:
Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants.
PubMed:
Optical characterization in annatto and commercial colorific.
PubMed:
Determination of annatto in high-fat dairy products, margarine and hard candy by solvent extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:
Method development and analysis of retail foods for annatto food colouring material.
PubMed:
Effect of annatto seed and coriander leaves as natural antioxidants in fish meatballs during frozen storage.
PubMed:
Effect of carotenoids on the respiratory burst of rat peritoneal macrophages.
PubMed:
Unraveling new genes associated with seed development and metabolism in Bixa orellana L. by expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis.
PubMed:
Carotenoids enhance gap junctional communication and inhibit lipid peroxidation in C3H/10T1/2 cells: relationship to their cancer chemopreventive action.
PubMed:
Invited review: Annatto usage and bleaching in dairy foods.
PubMed:
Capillary NMR detection in separation science.
PubMed:
Evaluation of the developmental toxicity of annatto in the rat.
PubMed:
Suppressive effect of carotenoids on the luminol dependent chemiluminescence of the stimulated rat macrophages.
PubMed:
Effect of dietary supplementation with carotenoids on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in the liver, lung, kidney and small intestine of the rat.
PubMed:
Antigenotoxic and antimutagenic potential of an annatto pigment (norbixin) against oxidative stress.
PubMed:
Analysis of annatto (Bixa orellana) food coloring formulations. 2. Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon thermal degradation products by gas chromatography.
PubMed:
Effects of Singlet Oxygen Quenchers and pH on the Bacterially Induced Hypersensitive Reaction in Tobacco Suspension Cell Cultures.
PubMed:
Cellular toxicity of elsinochrome phytotoxins produced by the pathogenic fungus, Elsinoë fawcettii causing citrus scab.
PubMed:
Relative inhibition of lipid peroxidation, cyclooxygenase enzymes, and human tumor cell proliferation by natural food colors.
PubMed:
Absence of carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic effects of annatto in the rat liver medium-term assay.
PubMed:
Subacute toxicity assessment of annatto in rat.
PubMed:
Novel method for the determination of added annatto colour in extruded corn snack products.
PubMed:
Dietary supplementation with a natural carotenoid mixture decreases oxidative stress.
PubMed:
Effect of natural food colorings on immunoglobulin production in vitro by rat spleen lymphocytes.
PubMed:
Diverse carotenoids protect against chemically induced neoplastic transformation.
PubMed:
[Determination of the pigmenting carotenoids in feeds and premixes for laying hens and broilers (author's transl)].
PubMed:
Isolation and purification of RNA from tissues rich in polyphenols, polysaccharides, and pigments of annatto (Bixa orellana L.).
PubMed:
Chitosan microspheres containing the natural urucum pigment.
PubMed:
To dye or not to dye: biochemistry of annatto unveiled.
PubMed:
FT-IR study of some seco- and apocarotenoids.
PubMed:
Modified atmosphere packaged cheddar cheese shreds: influence of fluorescent light exposure and gas type on color and production of volatile compounds.
PubMed:
In vitro antimutagenic and in vivo anticlastogenic effects of carotenoids and solvent extracts from fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids.
PubMed:
Retinoic acid and beta-carotene inhibit fibronectin synthesis and release by fibroblasts; antagonism to phorbol ester.
PubMed:
Characterization of the principal colouring components of annatto using high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection.
PubMed:
Carotenoids up-regulate connexin43 gene expression independent of their provitamin A or antioxidant properties.
PubMed:
Carotenoids, tocopherols and thiols as biological singlet molecular oxygen quenchers.
PubMed:
[Analysis of the seed Bixa orellana, L. (annatto) and the waste generated in the extraction of its pigments].
PubMed:
Controlled release of metformin hydrochloride and repaglinide from sandwiched osmotic pump tablet.