propylene glycol fatty acid esters

fatty acids propylene glycol mono- and diesters fatty acids, propylene glycol mono- and diesters propane-1,2-diol fatty acid esters propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids PubMed: Study of O/W micro- and nano-emulsions based on propylene glycol diester as a vehicle for geranic acid. PubMed: Effects of a single glucocorticoid injection on propylene glycol-treated cows with clinical ketosis. PubMed: Influence of glucogenic dietary supplementation and reproductive state of dairy cows on the composition of lipids in milk. PubMed: Effects of propylene glycol on the metabolic status and milk production of dairy buffaloes. PubMed: In vitro evaluation of transdermal patches of flurbiprofen with ethyl cellulose. PubMed: Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to early diagnose elevated concentrations of blood plasma nonesterified fatty acids in dairy cows. PubMed: Percutaneous absorption and distribution of organophosphates (chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos) following dermal exposure and decontamination scenarios using in vitro human skin model. PubMed: Effect of solubilizing agents on mupirocin loading into and release from PEGylated nanoliposomes. PubMed: In vivo evaluation of an oral self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for leuprorelin. PubMed: Antimicrobial polyurethane thermosets based on undecylenic acid: synthesis and evaluation. PubMed: Transdermal permeation of Kaempferia parviflora methoxyflavones from isopropyl myristate-based vehicles. PubMed: Pretreatment with skin permeability enhancers: importance of duration and composition on the delivery of diclofenac sodium. PubMed: Nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for polyunsaturated (ω-3) oils: formation using a spontaneous emulsification method. PubMed: Permeability and lipid organization of a novel psoriasis stratum corneum substitute. PubMed: Formulation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of levodopa transdermal delivery systems. PubMed: Penetration effect of ostrich oil as a promising vehicle on transdermal delivery of sinomenine. PubMed: Preparation and characterization of PEG-PPG-PEG copolymer/pregelatinized starch blends for use as resorbable bone hemostatic wax. PubMed: In vitro-in vivo correlation in skin permeation. PubMed: Household "HazMat". Pediatric exploratory ingestion of a single-use detergent sac. PubMed: One-Step Synthesis of W/O and O/W Emulsifiers in the Presence of Surface Active Agents. PubMed: Effect of chemical permeation enhancers on stratum corneum barrier lipid organizational structure and interferon alpha permeability. PubMed: Formulation of carbenoxolone for delivery to the skin. PubMed: Protein transduction domain-containing microemulsions as cutaneous delivery systems for an anticancer agent. PubMed: The effects of esterified solvents on the diffusion of a model compound across human skin: an ATR-FTIR spectroscopic study. PubMed: Synthesis and characterization of telechelic oligoethers with terminal cinnamylidene acetic acid moieties. PubMed: Evaluation of the effect of tacrolimus-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles on psoriasis-like skin inflammation. PubMed: Transcutaneous immunization system using a hydrotropic formulation induces a potent antigen-specific antibody response. PubMed: Enhancement of oral bioavailability of fenofibrate by solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems. PubMed: Influence of penetration enhancer on drug permeation from volatile formulations. PubMed: Effect of vehicles on the maximum transepidermal flux of similar size phenolic compounds. PubMed: Development of prilocaine gels for enhanced local anesthetic action. PubMed: Physicochemical characterization and an injection formulation study of water insoluble ZCVI₄-2, a novel NO-donor anticancer compound. PubMed: Intrathecal dihydroergotamine inhibits capsaicin-induced vasodilatation in the canine external carotid circulation via GR127935- and rauwolscine-sensitive receptors. PubMed: [Effects of two different extracts of total saponins from Cicer arietinum on kidney of T2DM rats]. PubMed: Ultrasonography as a diagnostic and prognostic approach in cattle and buffaloes with fatty infiltration of the liver. PubMed: Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of cefpodoxime proxetil containing tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate. PubMed: Supplemental feeding with glycerol or propylene glycol of dairy cows in early lactation--effects on metabolic status, body condition, and milk yield. PubMed: Characterization of semi-solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS) of atorvastatin calcium by Raman image spectroscopy and chemometrics. PubMed: Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channels contribute to reflex cutaneous vasodilation in humans. PubMed: Rheological, mechanical and adhesive properties of surfactant-containing systems designed as a potential platform for topical drug delivery. PubMed: Development of bioadhesive transdermal bupivacaine gels for enhanced local anesthetic action. PubMed: Effects of propylene glycol drenching before and after luteolysis on blood glucose, ovarian steroids and follicular dynamics in heifers. PubMed: Development of solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) I: use of poloxamer 188 as both solidifying and emulsifying agent for lipids. PubMed: Amniotic fluid elicits appetitive responses in human newborns: fatty acids and appetitive responses. PubMed: Effect of hydration on the structure of non aqueous ethyl cellulose/propylene glycol dicaprylate gels. PubMed: Enhanced Controlled Transdermal Delivery of Mexazolam Using Ethylene-vinyl Acetate. PubMed: A field trial on the effect of propylene glycol on milk yield and resolution of ketosis in fresh cows diagnosed with subclinical ketosis. PubMed: Effect of fatty acids on the transdermal delivery of donepezil: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. PubMed: Investigation of microemulsion microstructures and their relationship to transdermal permeation of model drugs: ketoprofen, lidocaine, and caffeine. PubMed: Enhanced membrane transport of pharmaceutically active protic ionic liquids. PubMed: Anxiolytic-like effects of human amniotic fluid and its fatty acids in Wistar rats. PubMed: Application of hydrotropy to transdermal formulations: hydrotropic solubilization of polyol fatty acid monoesters in water and enhancement effect on skin permeation of 5-FU. PubMed: Efficacy of using multiple open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) spectrometers in an odor emission episode investigation at a semiconductor manufacturing plant. PubMed: Synthesis, characterizations and biocompatibility of alternating block polyurethanes based on P3/4HB and PPG-PEG-PPG. PubMed: Monitoring the bacterial community of maize silage stored in a bunker silo inoculated with Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri. PubMed: Influence of chemical permeation enhancers on transdermal permeation of alfuzosin: an investigation using response surface modeling. PubMed: Effects of vehicles on the percutaneous absorption of donepezil hydrochloride across the excised hairless mouse skin. PubMed: A validated GC-MS procedure for fast, simple, and cost-effective quantification of glycols and GHB in human plasma and their identification in urine and plasma developed for emergency toxicology. PubMed: Curative treatment of pelvic arteriovenous malformation--an alternative strategy: transvenous intra-operative embolisation. PubMed: Enhanced local anesthetic action of mepivacaine from the bioadhesive gels. PubMed: Improving the topical delivery of zinc phthalocyanine using oleic acid as a penetration enhancer: in vitro permeation and retention. PubMed: Effects of amines on percutaneous absorption of alendronate. PubMed: Microbicide excipients can greatly increase susceptibility to genital herpes transmission in the mouse. PubMed: Improved GC-MS procedure for simultaneous measurement of ethylene glycol and glycolic acid. PubMed: Design and in vitro evaluation of capsaicin transdermal controlled release cubic phase gels. PubMed: Transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV-1) channels contribute to cutaneous thermal hyperaemia in humans. PubMed: Preparation and evaluation of bioadhesive dibucaine gels for enhanced local anesthetic action. PubMed: Ketorolac trometamol topical formulations: release behaviour, physical characterization, skin permeation, efficacy and gastric safety. PubMed: Surfactant systems for nasal zidovudine delivery: structural, rheological and mucoadhesive properties. PubMed: The effect of permeation enhancers on the viscosity and the release profile of transdermal hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel formulations containing diltiazem HCl. PubMed: In vitro enhancement of lactate esters on the percutaneous penetration of drugs with different lipophilicity. PubMed: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose films for prolonged delivery of the antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine. PubMed: Temoporfin-loaded liposomes: physicochemical characterization. PubMed: Investigation on the synergistic effect of a combination of chemical enhancers and modulated iontophoresis for transdermal delivery of insulin. PubMed: In vitro permeation and in vivo whitening effect of topical hesperetin microemulsion delivery system. PubMed: Development and in vitro evaluation of surfactant systems for controlled release of zidovudine. PubMed: Local application of fluvastatin improves peri-implant bone quantity and mechanical properties: a rodent study. PubMed: Topical delivery of lycopene using microemulsions: enhanced skin penetration and tissue antioxidant activity. PubMed: Effects of feeding propylene glycol on dry matter intake, lactation performance, energy balance and blood metabolites in early lactation dairy cows. PubMed: Ruminal and blood responses to propylene glycol during frequent feeding. PubMed: Biodegradable thermogelling poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]-based block copolymers: micellization, gelation, and cytotoxicity and cell culture studies. PubMed: Anaerobic fermentation of glycerol in Paenibacillus macerans: metabolic pathways and environmental determinants. PubMed: Enhanced transdermal controlled delivery of glimepiride from the ethylene-vinyl acetate matrix. PubMed: Enhanced transdermal delivery of loratadine from the EVA matrix. PubMed: Preservation of liquid drug preparations for oral administration. PubMed: Effects of rumen-protected choline and dry propylene glycol on feed intake and blood parameters for Holstein dairy cows in early lactation. PubMed: Studying the effectiveness of penetration enhancers to deliver retinol through the stratum cornum by in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy. PubMed: Formulation and evaluation of ubidecarenone transdermal delivery systems. PubMed: Effect of penetration enhancers on transdermal delivery of propofol. PubMed: Preparation and evaluation of miconazole nitrate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for topical delivery. PubMed: Development of the loratadine gel for enhanced transdermal delivery. PubMed: In vitro permeation of carvedilol through porcine skin: effect of vehicles and penetration enhancers. PubMed: Successful treatment of sebaceous adenitis in a rabbit with ciclosporin and triglycerides. PubMed: In vitro evaluation of topical microemulsion of capsaicin free of surfactant. PubMed: Aqueous solvent system for the solubilization of azole compounds. PubMed: Ice recrystallization inhibition in ice cream by propylene glycol monostearate. PubMed: Transdermal delivery of tadalafil. I. Effect of vehicles on skin permeation. PubMed: Gelation of microemulsions and release behavior of sodium salicylate from gelled microemulsions. PubMed: Effects of peripartum propylene glycol supplementation on nitrogen metabolism, body composition, and gene expression for the major protein degradation pathways in skeletal muscle in dairy cows. PubMed: Skin permeation enhancement of diclofenac by fatty acids. PubMed: Effect of peripartum dietary energy supplementation of dairy cows on metabolites, liver function and reproductive variables. PubMed: Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 20016 produces cobalamin-dependent diol dehydratase in metabolosomes and metabolizes 1,2-propanediol by disproportionation. PubMed: Quercetin in lyotropic liquid crystalline formulations: physical, chemical and functional stability. PubMed: Preparation and evaluation of diltiazem hydrochloride diffusion-controlled transdermal delivery system. PubMed: Alkyd-amino resins based on waste PET for coating applications. PubMed: Topical application of statin affects bone healing around implants. PubMed: Effect of restricted feeding and monopropylene glycol postpartum on metabolic hormones and postpartum anestrus in grazing dairy heifers. PubMed: Enhancement of nortriptyline penetration through human epidermis: influence of chemical enhancers and iontophoresis. PubMed: Development of the ambroxol gels for enhanced transdermal delivery. PubMed: Nutritional and management strategies for the prevention of fatty liver in dairy cattle. PubMed: The effects of fatty acids in propylene glycol on the percutaneous absorption of alendronate across the excised hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Microcompartments for B12-dependent 1,2-propanediol degradation provide protection from DNA and cellular damage by a reactive metabolic intermediate. PubMed: The effect of feeding propylene glycol to dairy cows during the early postpartum period on follicular dynamics and on metabolic parameters related to fertility. PubMed: Some considerations about the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance system. PubMed: In vitro permeation study of hinokitiol: effects of vehicles and enhancers. PubMed: Pharmacokinetics of formulated tenoxicam transdermal delivery systems. PubMed: Conjugates of unsaturated fatty acids with propylene glycol as potentially less-irritant skin penetration enhancers. PubMed: Analgesic synergy between topical opioids and topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the mouse model of thermal pain. PubMed: Formulation optimization of self-emulsifying preparations of puerarin through self-emulsifying performances evaluation in vitro and pharmacokinetic studies in vivo. PubMed: An integrated pharmacokinetic and imaging evaluation of vehicle effects on solute human epidermal flux and, retention characteristics. PubMed: Ruminal and intermediary metabolism of propylene glycol in lactating Holstein cows. PubMed: Ruminal fermentation of propylene glycol and glycerol. PubMed: Effects of peripartum propylene glycol or fats differing in fatty acid profiles on feed intake, production, and plasma metabolites in dairy cows. PubMed: Enhanced uptake of glycerol by butyrate treatment in HCT-15 human colon cancer cell line. PubMed: Hydrolytic degradation and protein release studies of thermogelling polyurethane copolymers consisting of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate], poly(ethylene glycol), and poly(propylene glycol). PubMed: Hydrogel-thickened microemulsion for topical administration of drug molecule at an extremely low concentration. PubMed: Effects of penetration enhancers on in vitro permeability of meloxicam gels. PubMed: Potential mucoadhesive dosage form of lidocaine hydrochloride: II. In vitro and in vivo evaluation. PubMed: Effect of propylene glycol on ibuprofen absorption into human skin in vivo. PubMed: Chain-length and solvent dependent morphological changes in sodium soap fibers. PubMed: Role of peripartum dietary propylene glycol or protected fats on metabolism and early postpartum ovarian follicles. PubMed: Effect of monopropylene glycol on luteinizing hormone, metabolites, and postpartum anovulatory intervals in primiparous dairy cows. PubMed: New biodegradable thermogelling copolymers having very low gelation concentrations. PubMed: Delivery of ethinylestradiol from film forming polymeric solutions across human epidermis in vitro and in vivo in pigs. PubMed: Free-choice-profile descriptive analysis of sticks with conditioning agents. PubMed: Phlorizin administration does not attenuate hypophagia induced by intraruminal propionate infusion in lactating dairy cattle. PubMed: Topical buparvaquone formulations for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. PubMed: PduL is an evolutionarily distinct phosphotransacylase involved in B12-dependent 1,2-propanediol degradation by Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium LT2. PubMed: Characterisation of microemulsions containing orange oil with water and propylene glycol as hydrophilic components. PubMed: Enhanced transdermal delivery of pranoprofen from the bioadhesive gels. PubMed: The effects of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 and Pediococcus pentosaceus R1094 on the fermentation of corn silage. PubMed: Design of a transdermal delivery system for aspirin as an antithrombotic drug. PubMed: Preparation and evaluation of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) containing atorvastatin. PubMed: Linkage between cellular communications, energy utilization, and proliferation in metastatic neuroendocrine cancers. PubMed: Evaluating the influence of deposition conditions on solvation of reactive conducting polymers with neutron reflectivity. PubMed: Microemulsions as transdermal drug delivery vehicles. PubMed: Energy balance, metabolic status, and the first postpartum ovarian follicle wave in cows administered propylene glycol. PubMed: In-vitro transcutaneous delivery of ketoprofen and polyunsaturated fatty acids from a pluronic lecithin organogel vehicle containing fish oil. PubMed: Impact of formulation excipients on human intestinal transit. PubMed: Microemulsion-based hydrogel formulation of ibuprofen for topical delivery. PubMed: Mechanism of hilA repression by 1,2-propanediol consists of two distinct pathways, one dependent on and the other independent of catabolic production of propionate, in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. PubMed: In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Arctium lappa as a phytotherapeutic agent used in intracanal dressings. PubMed: Structural influence of mono and polyhydric alcohols on the stabilization of collagen. PubMed: [Anti-adhesive solutions, better knowledge for better use]. PubMed: Limonene GP1/PG organogel as a vehicle in transdermal delivery of haloperidol. PubMed: Effect of vehicles and enhancers on the topical delivery of cyclosporin A. PubMed: An aqueous-organic two-phase bioprocess for efficient production of the natural aroma chemicals 2-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethylacetate with yeast. PubMed: Oleic acid as optimizer of the skin delivery of 5-aminolevulinic acid in photodynamic therapy. PubMed: Solubilization of two structurally related anticancer drugs: XK-469 and PPA. PubMed: The antithrombotic action of propylene glycol mannite sulfate (PGMS). PubMed: [Effect of penetration enhancers on the transdermal penetration of sinomenine liposome patch]. PubMed: Novel mucoadhesive oral patch containing diazepam. PubMed: Amphiphilic transdermal permeation enhancers: structure-activity relationships. PubMed: Effect of forage conservation method, concentrate level and propylene glycol on the fatty acid composition and vitamin content of cows' milk. PubMed: Effect of sucrose fatty acid esters on transdermal permeation of lidocaine and ketoprofen. PubMed: [Effects of different penetration enhancers on percutaneous absorption of lappaconitine gel in vitro]. PubMed: A rheological investigation of the self-assembly and adsorption behavior of a surfactant salt. PubMed: Bioavailability of seocalcitol I: Relating solubility in biorelevant media with oral bioavailability in rats--effect of medium and long chain triglycerides. PubMed: Transcutaneous delivery of levodopa: enhancement by fatty acid synthesis inhibition. PubMed: An attempt to clarify the influence of glycerol, propylene glycol, isopropyl myristate and a combination of propylene glycol and isopropyl myristate on human stratum corneum. PubMed: Buccal permeation of buspirone: mechanistic studies on transport pathways. PubMed: Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for propylene glycol monomethyl ether and its acetate in rats and humans. PubMed: Skin permeation of physostigmine from fatty acids-based formulations: evaluating the choice of solvent. PubMed: Comparing the synergistic effects of oleic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide as vehicles for optical clearing of skin tissue in vitro. PubMed: Effects of propylene glycol on carcass traits and its related gene expression in Korean native steers. PubMed: Analysis of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, DL-lactic acid, glycolic acid, ethylene glycol and other glycols in body fluids by a direct injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for wide use. PubMed: New vehicle based on a microemulsion for topical ocular administration of dexamethasone. PubMed: Effects of vehicle on the uptake and elimination kinetics of capsaicinoids in human skin in vivo. PubMed: Peripartal propylene glycol supplementation and metabolism, animal health, fertility, and production in dairy cows. PubMed: Effects of dietary glucogenic precursors and fat on feed intake and carbohydrate status of transition dairy cows. PubMed: A study of microemulsion systems for transdermal delivery of triptolide. PubMed: Transdermal delivery of ketorolac tromethamine: effects of vehicles and penetration enhancers. PubMed: Production and blood parameters of Holstein cows treated prepartum with sodium monensin or propylene glycol. PubMed: Synchrotron FT-IR microscopic study of chemical enhancers in transdermal drug delivery: example of fatty acids. PubMed: Transdermal delivery of ondansetron hydrochloride: effects of vehicles and penetration enhancers. PubMed: Transdermal delivery of phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomers across hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Solubilizing excipients in oral and injectable formulations. PubMed: Temporal dynamics and degradation activity of an bacterial inoculum for treating waste metal-working fluid. PubMed: Role of solvent in interactions between fatty acids-based formulations and lipids in porcine stratum corneum. PubMed: Improving microdialysis extraction efficiency of lipophilic eicosanoids. PubMed: Effects of fatty acids and iontophoresis on the delivery of midodrine hydrochloride and the structure of human skin. PubMed: Protein charge-state distributions in electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry do not appear to be limited by the surface tension of the solvent. PubMed: Effect of calcium-energy supplements on calving-related disorders, fertility and milk yield during the transition period in cows fed anionic diets. PubMed: Drug release from Kollicoat SR 30D-coated nonpareil beads: evaluation of coating level, plasticizer type, and curing condition. PubMed: Effects of propylene glycol or fat drench on plasma metabolites, liver composition, and production of dairy cows during the periparturient period. PubMed: Allergic contact dermatitis from propylene glycol ricinoleate in a lipstick. PubMed: [Simultaneous analysis of four kinds of emulsifiers in beverages by GC/MS]. PubMed: Minoxidil-containing dosage forms: skin retention and after-rinsing hair-growth promotion. PubMed: Preparation of polyol esters based on vegetable and animal fats. PubMed: Propylene glycol monomethyl ether occupational exposure (PGME). 4. Analysis of 2-methoxypropionic acid in urine. PubMed: Propionyl coenzyme A is a common intermediate in the 1,2-propanediol and propionate catabolic pathways needed for expression of the prpBCDE operon during growth of Salmonella enterica on 1,2-propanediol. PubMed: Keratolytic activity of microemulsions. PubMed: Effect of nutrient limitation on product formation during continuous fermentation of xylose with Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus JW200 Fe(7). PubMed: Microemulsions for dermal drug delivery studied by dynamic light scattering: effect of interparticle interactions in oil-in-water microemulsions. PubMed: Significance of 2-methoxypropionic acid formed from beta-propylene glycol monomethyl ether: integration of pharmacokinetic and developmental toxicity assessments in rabbits. PubMed: Examination of the mechanism of oleic acid-induced percutaneous penetration enhancement: an ultrastructural study. PubMed: Amino acid catabolism and generation of volatiles by lactic acid bacteria. PubMed: Comparison of the enzymatic stability and intraocular pressure effects of 2-arachidonylglycerol and noladin ether, a novel putative endocannabinoid. PubMed: Metabolism of propionate and 1,2-propanediol absorbed from the washed reticulorumen of lactating cows. PubMed: Calcium-alginate gel bead cross-linked with gelatin as microcarrier for anchorage-dependent cell culture. PubMed: Effect of vehicles and enhancers on the in vitro permeation of melatonin through hairless mouse skin. PubMed: In-vitro release and transdermal fluxes of a highly lipophilic drug and of enhancers from matrix TDS. PubMed: Metabolic responses of transition Holstein cows fed anionic salts and supplemented at calving with calcium and energy. PubMed: Transdermal delivery of highly lipophilic drugs: in vitro fluxes of antiestrogens, permeation enhancers, and solvents from liquid formulations. PubMed: Effect of permeation enhancer pretreatment on the iontophoresis of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) through human epidermal membrane (HEM). PubMed: Development of an ethyl laurate-based microemulsion for rapid-onset intranasal delivery of diazepam. PubMed: Oleic acid, a skin penetration enhancer, affects Langerhans cells and corneocytes. PubMed: Lactobacillus diolivorans sp. nov., a 1,2-propanediol-degrading bacterium isolated from aerobically stable maize silage. PubMed: Effect of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of tenoxicam through hairless mouse skin. PubMed: In vitro percutaneous absorption of tenoxicam from pressure-sensitive adhesive matrices across the hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Short-term oral administration of a product derived from a probiotic, Clostridium butyricum induced no pathological effects in rats. PubMed: Effects of propylene glycol drenching on energy balance, plasma glucose, plasma insulin, ovarian function and conception in dairy cows. PubMed: Final report on the safety assessment of Arnica montana extract and Arnica montana. PubMed: Fate and toxicity of aircraft deicing fluid additives through anaerobic digestion. PubMed: Combined effect of oleic acid and propylene glycol on the percutaneous penetration of tenoxicam and its retention in the skin. PubMed: Characterization of the influence of polyol fatty acid esters on the permeation of diclofenac through rat skin. PubMed: Effects of topical anandamide-transport inhibitors, AM404 and olvanil, on intraocular pressure in normotensive rabbits. PubMed: Comparison of impact of the different hydrophilic carriers on the properties of piperazine-containing drug. PubMed: Evaluation of creams and ointments as suitable formulations for peldesine. PubMed: Developing porosity of poly(propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid) bone graft substitutes and the effect on osteointegration: a preliminary histology study in rats. PubMed: Propylene glycol toxicosis in a llama. PubMed: Effects of vehicles and enhancers on transdermal delivery of melatonin. PubMed: Monohydroxylation and esterification as determinants of the effects of cis- and trans-9-octadecenoic acids on the permeation of hydrocortisone and 5-fluorouracil across hairless mouse skin in vitro. PubMed: Anaerobic conversion of lactic acid to acetic acid and 1, 2-propanediol by Lactobacillus buchneri. PubMed: Etiology of fatty liver in dairy cattle: effects of nutritional and hormonal status on hepatic microsomal triglyceride transfer protein. PubMed: Effect of skin pretreatment with fatty acids on percutaneous absorption and skin retention of piroxicam after its topical application. PubMed: Use of electroporation to accelerate the skin permeability enhancing action of oleic acid. PubMed: Microdialysis sampling coupled to HPLC for transdermal delivery study of ondansetron hydrochloride in rats. PubMed: In vitro/in vivo characterization of a tramadol HCl depot system composed of monoolein and water. PubMed: Effect of penetration enhancers on isosorbide dinitrate penetration through rat skin from a transdermal therapeutic system. PubMed: Effects of follicular status at treatment on follicular development and ovulation in response to FSH in Spanish merino ewes. PubMed: Structural and functional effects of oleic acid and iontophoresis on hairless mouse stratum corneum. PubMed: Percutaneous transport of diclofenac sodium from mixtures of fatty alcohol (or fatty acid) and propylene glycol through the rabbit abdominal skin. PubMed: Rat model for renal effects of 2-alkoxyalcohols and their acetates. PubMed: Hyperglycemic effect of a neurotoxic fraction (F3) from Naja haje venom: role of hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA). PubMed: On the suitability of fiberglass reinforced polyester as building material for mesocosms. PubMed: Frozen/thawed platelets: importance of osmotic tolerance and platelet subpopulations. PubMed: Enhancement of propylene glycol distribution in the skin by high purity cis-unsaturated fatty acids with different alkyl chain lengths having different double bond position. PubMed: Cloud point of nonionic surfactants: modulation with pharmaceutical excipients. PubMed: In vivo human skin permeability enhancement by oleic acid: a laser Doppler velocimetry study. PubMed: Codiffusion of propylene glycol and dimethyl isosorbide in hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Effect of cod-liver oil extract on the buccal permeation of ergotamine tartrate. PubMed: Studies of regulation of expression of the propionate (prpBCDE) operon provide insights into how Salmonella typhimurium LT2 integrates its 1,2-propanediol and propionate catabolic pathways. PubMed: Influence of propylene glycol and isopropyl myristate on the in vitro percutaneous penetration of diclofenac sodium from carbopol gels. PubMed: Alcohol and acid formation during the anaerobic decomposition of propylene glycol under methanogenic conditions. PubMed: Fermentation of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol and 2,3-butanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae. PubMed: Enhanced transdermal delivery of AZT (Zidovudine) using iontophoresis and penetration enhancer. PubMed: Prevention of intestinal adhesions after laparotomy in a rat model--a randomized prospective study. PubMed: Skin penetration enhancing action of cis-unsaturated fatty acids with omega-9, and omega-12-chain lengths. PubMed: Anti-inflammatory benefits of tilmicosin in calves with Pasteurella haemolytica-infected lungs. PubMed: In vivo human skin barrier modulation by topical application of fatty acids. PubMed: Combined effect of ampicillin, colistin and dexamethasone administered intramuscularly to dairy cows on the clinico-pathological course of E. coli-endotoxin mastitis. PubMed: Synergistic effect of iontophoresis and a series of fatty acids on LHRH permeability through porcine skin. PubMed: Topical delivery of keloid therapeutic drug, tranilast, by combined use of oleic acid and propylene glycol as a penetration enhancer: evaluation by skin microdialysis in rats. PubMed: Heparin absorption across the intestine: effects of sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]caprylate in rat in situ intestinal instillations and in Caco-2 monolayers. PubMed: Optimal ratios of topical stratum corneum lipids improve barrier recovery in chronologically aged skin. PubMed: Effect of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the in vitro and in vivo percutaneous absorption of methotrexate and edatrexate through hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Biomonitoring of technical grade 1-alkoxy-2-propanol acetates by analysing urinary 2-alkoxypropionic acids. PubMed: Analysis of phase composition in aqueous two-phase systems using a two-column chromatographic method: Application to lactic acid production by extractive fermentation. PubMed: Effect of method of delivery of propylene glycol on plasma metabolites of feed-restricted cattle. PubMed: Acute lung injury induced by a commercial leather conditioner. PubMed: In vitro human skin barrier modulation by fatty acids: skin permeation and thermal analysis studies. PubMed: cobB function is required for catabolism of propionate in Salmonella typhimurium LT2: evidence for existence of a substitute function for CobB within the 1,2-propanediol utilization (pdu) operon. PubMed: The effects of permeabilizers on the in vitro penetration of propranolol through porcine buccal epithelium. PubMed: Effect of permeation enhancers on the release of ketoprofen through transdermal drug delivery systems. PubMed: Kinetic study of cutaneous and subcutaneous distribution following topical application of [7,8-14C]rac-alpha-lipoic acid onto hairless mice. PubMed: Effect of polyol fatty acid esters on diclofenac permeation through rat skin. PubMed: Microscopic FT-IR/DSC system used to simultaneously investigate the conversion process of protein structure in porcine stratum corneum after pretreatment with skin penetration enhancers. PubMed: [Effect of enhancers on the permeation of ketoprofen in vitro]. PubMed: DNA polymerase I function is required for the utilization of ethanolamine, 1,2-propanediol, and propionate by Salmonella typhimurium LT2. PubMed: Increased norfloxacin skin permeability for fatty alcohol propylene glycol (FAPG) ointment by optimized process of preparation: behavior of stearic acid in stratum corneum lipids. PubMed: Effect of PGML excipient mixture in a transdermal system on the in vitro transport of estradiol across skin. PubMed: Glutathione is required for maximal transcription of the cobalamin biosynthetic and 1,2-propanediol utilization (cob/pdu) regulon and for the catabolism of ethanolamine, 1,2-propanediol, and propionate in Salmonella typhimurium LT2. PubMed: Contact allergy to neopentyl glycol di-iso-octanoate. PubMed: Chemical hydrolysis of phospholipids. PubMed: Accumulation of lauric acid in skin as an enhancer for the percutaneous absorption of thiamine disulfide. PubMed: Isolation and characterization of a thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium, Desulfotomaculum thermosapovorans sp. nov. PubMed: Behavior of propylene glycol (PG) in dermis after treatment of rat intact skin surface with fatty acids, fatty amines or azone dissolved in PG. PubMed: Seborrhoeic dermatitis and Pityrosporum yeasts. PubMed: [Transdermal iontophoresis of insulin: effect of penetration enhancers on blood glucose level in diabetic rats]. PubMed: Prevention of bovine ketosis with glucogenic substance and its effect on fertility in Finnish dairy cows. PubMed: Analysis of [3H]estradiol-17beta metabolites in calf perirenal fat. PubMed: Effect of propylene glycol dosage during feed restriction on metabolites in blood of prepartum Holstein heifers. PubMed: Absorption and metabolism of hydrocortisone 21-butyrate, 21-hemisuccinate and hydrocortisone by skin of the rabbit ear during single-pass perfusion. PubMed: Vehicle effects on in vitro percutaneous absorption through rat and human skin. PubMed: Assay of the enantiomers of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, and the corresponding hydroxyacids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. PubMed: Effect of fatty acid on the accumulation of thiamine disulfide in rat skin. PubMed: Tubal sterilization by selective catheterization in an animal model. PubMed: Modification by propylene glycol of ovulation rate in ewes in response to a single injection of FSH. PubMed: Management of acute radiodermatitis. Pharmacological or nonpharmacological remedies? PubMed: Effect of prepartum propylene glycol administration on periparturient fatty liver in dairy cows. PubMed: Differential patterns of epidermal leukocyte infiltration in patch test reactions to structurally unrelated chemical irritants. PubMed: Effects of oleic acid/propylene glycol on rat abdominal stratum corneum: lipid extraction and appearance of propylene glycol in the dermis measured by Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR/ATR) spectroscopy. PubMed: In vitro percutaneous absorption of thiamine disulfide through rat skin from a mixture of propylene glycol and fatty acid or its analog. PubMed: In vitro percutaneous absorption of thiamine disulfide from a mixture of propylene glycol and fatty acid. PubMed: Studies of in vitro skin permeation and retention of a leukotriene antagonist from topical vehicles with a hairless guinea pig model. PubMed: Effects of fatty acids, fatty amines and propylene glycol on rat stratum corneum lipids and proteins in vitro measured by fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflection (FT-IR/ATR) spectroscopy. PubMed: Improved transdermal delivery of prostaglandin E1 through hairless mouse skin: combined use of carboxymethyl-ethyl-beta-cyclodextrin and penetration enhancers. PubMed: Role of calcium and arachidonic acid metabolites in creatine kinase release from isolated rat skeletal muscles damaged by organic cosolvents. PubMed: In vitro studies of intestinal drug absorption. Determination of partition and distribution coefficients with brush border membrane vesicles. PubMed: Preparation and evaluation of Eudragit gels. I: Eudragit organogels containing drugs as rectal sustained-release preparations. PubMed: Evaluation of the primary skin irritation and allergic contact sensitization potential of transdermal triprolidine. PubMed: Effects of energy balance on hepatic capacity for oleate and propionate metabolism and triglyceride secretion. PubMed: A quick-mixed aluminum hematoxylin stain. PubMed: Transdermal oxymorphone formulation development and methods for evaluating flux and lag times for two skin permeation-enhancing vehicles. PubMed: Percutaneous penetration enhancement in vivo measured by attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy. PubMed: Contributions of drug solubilization, partitioning, barrier disruption, and solvent permeation to the enhancement of skin permeation of various compounds with fatty acids and amines. PubMed: Percutaneous absorption of indomethacin from mixtures of fatty alcohol and propylene glycol (FAPG bases) through rat skin: effects of oleic acid added to FAPG base. PubMed: Intravenous injection of propylene glycol causes pulmonary hypertension in sheep. PubMed: Transdermal delivery of 5-fluorouracil through skin of hairless mice and humans in vitro: a comparison of the effect of formulations and a prodrug. PubMed: Epidermal damage induced by irritants in man: a light and electron microscopic study. PubMed: The preparation of acetic acid for use in otic drops and its effect on endocochlear potential and pH in inner ear fluid. PubMed: Structure/effect studies of fatty acid isomers as skin penetration enhancers and skin irritants. PubMed: Effects of propylene glycol on redox state of the perfused rat liver--a note of caution. PubMed: Effect of oleic acid on diffusion of drugs through hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Effect of 3-methylindole on the plasma and lung concentrations of prostaglandins and thromboxane B2 in goats. PubMed: Effect of choline esters and oleic acid on the penetration of acyclovir, estradiol, hydrocortisone, nitroglycerin, retinoic acid and trifluorothymidine across hairless mouse skin in vitro. PubMed: Micellar solubilization of timobesone acetate in aqueous and aqueous propylene glycol solutions of nonionic surfactants. PubMed: Action of penetration enhancers on human skin as assessed by the permeation of model drugs 5-fluorouracil and estradiol. I. Infinite dose technique. PubMed: Prostacyclin and thromboxane formation following chronic exposure to cigarette smoke condensate administered via osmotic pumps in rats. A method for chronic administration of particulates of whole smoke. PubMed: Percutaneous absorption of nicardipine and ketorolac in rhesus monkeys. PubMed: Ethanol and its novel metabolites inhibit insulin action on adipocytes. PubMed: Hairless mouse skin is limited as a model for assessing the effects of penetration enhancers in human skin. PubMed: Percutaneous absorption of indomethacin from mixtures of fatty alcohol and propylene glycol (FAPG bases) through rat skin: effects of fatty acid to FAPG base. PubMed: Effect of penetration enhancers on the permeation of mannitol, hydrocortisone and progesterone through human skin. PubMed: Metabolic changes in lipids of rat plasma and hepatocytes induced by 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol treatment. PubMed: The effect of vehicle on the diffusion of salicylic acid through hairless mouse skin. PubMed: Development of an objective comedogenicity assay. PubMed: Use of a combination of propylene glycol and niacin for subclinical ketosis. PubMed: The production of 1,2-propanediol in ethanol treated rats. PubMed: Effect of fatty acids and alcohols on the penetration of acyclovir across human skin in vitro. PubMed: Adverse drug reactions in the newborn. PubMed: Sterol carrier protein 2 and fatty acid-binding protein. Separate and distinct physiological functions. PubMed: Increased skin permeability for lipophilic molecules. PubMed: Comedogenicity of current therapeutic products, cosmetics, and ingredients in the rabbit ear. PubMed: The acute toxicity of perfluorooctanoic and perfluorodecanoic acids in male rats and effects on tissue fatty acids. PubMed: Nanosecond fluorescence anisotropy decays of n-(9-anthroyloxy) fatty acids in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles with regard to isotropic solvents. PubMed: Protection from oxygen-induced seizures by clonazepam and propylene glycol. PubMed: The effect of cosmetic vehicles on the penetration of N-nitrosodiethanolamine through excised human skin. PubMed: Appearance of chemically treated root canal walls in the scanning electron microscope. PubMed: Is propylene glycol an inert substance? PubMed: Synthesis of various kinds of esters by four microbial lipases. PubMed: Allergy to ingredients of vehicles. PubMed: An evaluation in rats of nutritional status and reproduction performance post oral contraceptive therapy. PubMed: Nutritional application and implication of 1,3-butanediol. PubMed: [Allergy against components of medical and cosmetic external preparations. Polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexantriole]. PubMed: Contact dermatitis from stearyl alcohol and propylene glycol in fluocinonide cream. PubMed: Oral contraceptive-alpha-tocopherol interrelationships. PubMed: Ethoxylated glycerol and propylene glycol glycoside palmitates from lactose. PubMed: Anticoagulant activity of glycol analogs of phosphatidylserine. PubMed: [The effect of orally administered glycogenic substance to dairy cows. 3. Oral treatment for ketosis with a combination of Na propionate, glycerol and propylene glycol in moderate doses]. PubMed: [The effect of orally administered glycogenic substance to dairy cows. I. Na propionate, glycerol and propylene glycol to healthy, normally fed cows]. PubMed: Hydrolysis of fully esterified alcohols containing from one to eight hydroxyl groups by the lipolytic enzymes of rat pancreatic juice. PubMed: [Glucose and ketone body levels in the blood of cows during late pregnancy and at the initiation of lactation, as well as their modification through 1,2 propanediol (propylene glycol)]. PubMed: Metabolism of stearoyl propylene glycol hydrogen succinate. PubMed: A chromatographic method for the analysis of propylene glycol fatty acid esters in shortenings containing mono- and diglycerides. PubMed: A TREATMENT FOR SEBORRHEA CAPITIS (CRADLE CAP). PubMed: An investigation of the in vivo hydrolysis and absorption of propylene glycol distearate. PubMed: Studies on absorption and metabolism of propylene glycol distearate. PubMed: Propylene glycol dipropionate (a new fungicide); preliminary report.