Identification

Namegrapefruit oil
IUPACcitrus paradisi macf. oil
CAS Number8016-20-4
FDA UNIISearch
CoE Number140

Regulatory

FEMA Number2530
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)8016-20-4 ; GRAPEFRUIT, OIL (CITRUS PARADISI MACF.)
FDA RegulationFDA PART 146 -- CANNED FRUIT JUICES

Physical Properties

Appearance yellowish to reddish yellow clear liquid (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed Yes
Specific Gravity 0.84800 to 0.85600 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est). 7.056 to 7.123
Refractive Index 1.47300 to 1.47900 @ 20.00 °C.
Optical Rotation +91.00 to +96.00
Boiling Point 171.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point 111.00 °F. TCC ( 43.89 °C. )
Shelf Life 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Soluble in alcohol
Insoluble in water

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesfragrance

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Strength medium
Substantivity 264 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Odor Description at 100.00 %.
Taste Description grapefruit

Safety Information

Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Dermal Toxicityskin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryflavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety AssessmentSearch
IFRA Critical EffectPhototoxicity
IFRA Purity Specification< 20 mmoles / L of peroxides
fragrance material specificationWhere the bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen) content of all relevant oils present in a compound has been determined, it is recommended that for applications on areas of skin exposed to sunshine, excluding bath preparations, soaps and other products which are washed off the skin, the total level of bergapten in the consumer products should not exceed 0.0015% (15 ppm). This is equivalent to 0.0075% (75 ppm) in a fragrance compound used at 20% in the consumer product. Where the level of bergapten has not been determined by appropriate methods, the limits specified in the guidelines on individual oils should apply. In those cases, where such oils are used in combination with other phototoxic ingredients, the additive effect has to be taken into consideration and the use levels have to be reduced accordingly. The sum of the concentrations of all phototoxic fragrance ingredients, expressed in % of their recommended maximum level in the consumer product, shall not exceed 100.
IFRA RESTRICTION LIMITS IN THE FINISHED PRODUCT (%)Category 1: Products applied to the lips
NotesIFRA FLAVOR REQUIREMENTS:
baked goods-
beverages(nonalcoholic)-
beverages(alcoholic)-
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum-
condiments / relishes-
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy-
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings-
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy-
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy-
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

Augustus Oils Ltd

The Premier Supplier

Augustus Oils Ltd, in harmony with nature - to present it at its best...

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Axxence Aromatic GmbH

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Azelis UK Ltd.

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Berje Inc.

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Bontoux SAS

Major international supplier

Major international Producer of aromatic ingredients for the production of fragrances, flavors, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and Aromatherapy.

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Firmenich Inc.

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Hermitage Oils / Neroli S.R.L.

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FRUTAROM USA INC,

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Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division

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Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd

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Lluch Essence S.L.

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M&U International LLC

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OQEMA

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Penta International Corporation

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PerfumersWorld Ltd.

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Robertet, Inc.

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Taytonn ASCC Pte Ltd

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The John D. Walsh Company, Inc

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The Lermond Company

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The Perfumery

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Ernesto Ventós S.A.

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Potential Uses

FR abronia FR agrumen aldehyde FR aldehydic FR almond FR alpine bouquet FR amaryllis FR apple FR apple blossom FR crabapple FR apricot FR ash mountain ash berry FR bergamot FR blackberry FR blue grass FR blue mist FR bouquet FR bramble arctic bramble blackberry FR cabreuva wood FR calamus oil replacer FR cherry blossom FL cherry wild cherry FR chypre FL/FR cilantro FR citrus FL cloudberry bakeapple FR cologne FR colonia FR crabapple blossom FR cranberry FL curacao FR daffodil FR elder berry FR fig FR fir needle oil replacer FR florida breeze FR forest FR freesia FR gardenia FL ginger ale FR grapefruit FR heather FR herbal FR hibiscus FR hinoki oil replacer FR kumquat FR lemon FR linden flower FR lotus FR mandarin FR melissa oil replacer FR mock orange FL necterine FR neroli FL/FR orange bitter orange peel FR orange blossom FR papaya FR passion fruit FR pear FR petitgrain FL/FR petitgrain bergamot petitgrain FL/FR petitgrain mandarin oil replacer FR petitgrain orange petitgrain FL/FR petitgrain tangerine petitgrain FR pine FR pineapple FR pomegranate FR rhubarb rose wild rose FR saffron FR spice FR spring rain FR stephanotis FR tangerine FL tea FL tropical FR verbena watercress nasturtium

Natural Occurrence

grapefruit

Synonyms

citrus paradisi peel oil grapefruit concentreatt pink grapefruit EO white grapefruit EO grapefruit oil grapefruit oil natural grapefruit oil pinky grapefruit oil white grapefruit pink oil organic grapefruit stabilized ess. oil (for fragrance) (Robertet) grapefruit white oil organic PubMed: Olfactory stimulatory with grapefruit and lavender oils change autonomic nerve activity and physiological function. PubMed: Effects of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi MACF) (Rutaceae) peel oil against developmental stages of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). PubMed: Efficacy of grapefruit, tangerine, lime, and lemon oils as solvents for softening gutta-percha in root canal retreatment procedures. PubMed: The anti-biofilm activity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) essential oils against five strains of Staphylococcus aureus. PubMed: Assessing the biosynthetic capabilities of secretory glands in Citrus peel. PubMed: A formulation to encapsulate nootkatone for tick control. PubMed: Investigating the potential of selected natural compounds to increase the potency of pyrethrum against houseflies Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae). PubMed: Susceptibility of four tick species, Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor variabilis, Ixodes scapularis, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae), to nootkatone from essential oil of grapefruit. PubMed: Mosquito larvicidal activity of citrus limonoids against Aedes albopictus. PubMed: Skin application of urea-containing cream affected cutaneous arterial sympathetic nerve activity, blood flow, and water evaporation. PubMed: Activities of ten essential oils towards Propionibacterium acnes and PC-3, A-549 and MCF-7 cancer cells. PubMed: [Mouthwash solutions with microencapsuled natural extracts: Efficiency for dental plaque and gingivitis]. PubMed: Major diet-drug interactions affecting the kinetic characteristics and hypolipidaemic properties of statins. PubMed: Grapefruit oil attenuates adipogenesis in cultured subcutaneous adipocytes. PubMed: [Flushing stones? "Liver purging" and "gallbladder lavage"]. PubMed: Minor furanocoumarins and coumarins in grapefruit peel oil as inhibitors of human cytochrome P450 3A4. PubMed: [Antioxidant properties of essential oils from lemon, grapefruit, coriander, clove, and their mixtures]. PubMed: Fumigant toxicity of citrus oils against cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). PubMed: Quantification in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography. PubMed: Day-night difference in thermoregulatory responses to olfactory stimulation. PubMed: Effects of olfactory stimulations with scents of grapefruit and lavender oils on renal sympathetic nerve and blood pressure in Clock mutant mice. PubMed: [Effect of aromatherapy massage on abdominal fat and body image in post-menopausal women]. PubMed: Radical scavenging and cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitory activity of bergaptol and geranylcoumarin from grapefruit. PubMed: Mechanism of changes induced in plasma glycerol by scent stimulation with grapefruit and lavender essential oils. PubMed: Autonomic and cardiovascular responses to scent stimulation are altered in cry KO mice. PubMed: Long aculeus and behavior of Anastrepha ludens render gibberellic acid ineffective as an agent to reduce 'ruby red' grapefruit susceptibility to the attack of this pestiferous fruit fly in commercial groves. PubMed: Nonvolatiles of commercial lime and grapefruit oils separated by high-speed countercurrent chromatography. PubMed: Volatile constituents of redblush grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) and pummelo (Citrus grandis) peel essential oils from Kenya. PubMed: Biotransformation of citrus aromatics nootkatone and valencene by microorganisms. PubMed: Olfactory stimulation with scent of essential oil of grapefruit affects autonomic neurotransmission and blood pressure. PubMed: Grapefruit oil enhances attraction of Mexican fruit flies to a synthetic food-odor lure. PubMed: Olfactory stimulation with scent of lavender oil affects autonomic nerves, lipolysis and appetite in rats. PubMed: Olfactory stimulation with scent of grapefruit oil affects autonomic nerves, lipolysis and appetite in rats. PubMed: Photodynamic and photo-cross-linking potential of bergamottin. PubMed: Identification and biological evaluation of grapefruit oil components as potential novel efflux pump modulators in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains. PubMed: Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of herbal extracts on the activity of six major cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and automated online extraction. PubMed: Induction of apoptosis by Citrus paradisi essential oil in human leukemic (HL-60) cells. PubMed: Effect of olfactory stimulation with flavor of grapefruit oil and lemon oil on the activity of sympathetic branch in the white adipose tissue of the epididymis. PubMed: Effects of fragrance inhalation on sympathetic activity in normal adults. PubMed: Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity by essential oil from Citrus paradisi. PubMed: Efficacy and reproducibility of a produce wash in killing Salmonella on the surface of tomatoes assessed with a proposed standard method for produce sanitizers. PubMed: Grapefruit gland oil composition is affected by wax application, storage temperature, and storage time. PubMed: Mechanisms of enhanced oral availability of CYP3A4 substrates by grapefruit constituents. Decreased enterocyte CYP3A4 concentration and mechanism-based inactivation by furanocoumarins.