Identification

Namecitronellal
IUPAC3,7-dimethyloct-6-enal
CAS Number106-23-0
EINECS203-376-6
FDA UNIIQB99VZZ7GZ
Molecular FormulaC10 H18 O
Molecular Weight154.25266000
MDL NumberMFCD00038090
Nikkaji NumberJ3.239E
Beilstein1720789
CoE Number110

Regulatory

JECFA Food Flavoring1220 citronellal
DG SANTE Food Flavourings05.021 citronellal
FEMA Number2307
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)106-23-0 ; CITRONELLAL
FDA RegulationFDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

Physical Properties

Appearance colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay 85.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers
Food Chemicals Codex Listed Yes
Specific Gravity 0.85000 to 0.85800 @ 25.00 °C., 0.85100 to 0.85900 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est). 7.073 to 7.139
Pounds per Gallon - est. 7.089 to 7.156
Refractive Index 1.44600 to 1.45300 @ 20.00 °C.
Optical Rotation -1.00 to -11.00
Boiling Point 206.00 to 207.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg, 106.00 to 108.00 °C. @ 15.00 mm Hg
Acid Value 3.00 max. KOH/g
Vapor Pressure 0.280000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density 5.3 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point 169.00 °F. TCC ( 76.11 °C. )
logP (o/w) 3.297 (est)
Shelf Life 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Soluble in alcohol
Insoluble in water
Stability non-discoloring

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesfragrance

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Strength high ,
Substantivity 16 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Odor Description
at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol.
Sweet, floral rosy waxy and citrus green
Powerful, fresh, green-citrusy, slightly woody
fresh, citrus, floreal
fresh citrusy-green fruity-floral-herb
CITRUS, CITRONELLA, HERBAL, ROSE
Odor sample from CA Aromatics Company Inc.
Taste Description
at 10.00 ppm.
green, aldehyde, fruity

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Human Experience4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 2420 mg/kg
Dermal Toxicityskin-rabbit LD50 > 2500 mg/kg
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryflavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety AssessmentSearch
IFRA Critical EffectDermal sensitization and systemic toxicity
IFRA RESTRICTION LIMITS IN THE FINISHED PRODUCT (%)Category 1: Products applied to the lips
NotesIFRA FLAVOR REQUIREMENTS:
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU)810.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA)324.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure ClassI
baked goods-
beverages(nonalcoholic)-
beverages(alcoholic)-
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum-
condiments / relishes-
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy-
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings-
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy-
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy-
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

Advanced Biotech. Inc.

Inspired by Nature

A diverse range of products, all meeting our stringent commitment to quality.

View All Website 973-339-6242 info@adv-bio.com

Augustus Oils Ltd

The Premier Supplier

Augustus Oils Ltd, in harmony with nature - to present it at its best...

View All Website +44 (0)1420 590555 essentials@augustus-oils.ltd.uk

Axxence Aromatic GmbH

We bring nature to your flavour

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Beijing Lys Chemicals Co, LTD.

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Fine chemical high-tech company which contains R&D, production, and sales.

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Berje Inc.

Where the world comes to its senses

Where the world comes to its senses - Berjé is a global distributor of Essential Oils and Aromatic Chemicals.

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Charkit Chemical Corporation

The Specialty Chemical Specialists

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View All Website 203-299-3220 sales@charkit.com

ECSA Chemicals

Human Chemistry

ECSA Chemicals has been active since 1913 in the trading and international commerce of raw materials. With an organisation divided into industrial segments managed by specialists, it has become one of...

View All Website +41 91 695 88 00 marketing@ecsa.ch

Excellentia International

Ingredients by Nature

Exceptional quality and excellence in meeting our customers requirements.

View All Website 732.749.9840 info@excellentiaint.com

Fleurchem, Inc.

Have A Flavorful Day

A leading global manufacturer and supplier of ingredients for Flavors, Fragrances, AromaTherapy, Foods, Beverages, Personal Care Products, and other uses.

View All Website 845-341-2100 info@fleurchem.com

Foreverest Resources Ltd.

Leading pine based chemicals supplier

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Global Essence Inc.

Preferred Partner

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View All Website 001 732 677 1100 info@globalessenceuk.com

Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division

Commitment to quality

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View All Website +34 93 506 91 00 info@indukern.es

Lluch Essence S.L.

A family company dedicated to sales and distribution

Flexibility, availability, price and quality.

View All Website 34 93 379 38 49 web@lluche.com

M&U International LLC

Steady supply & demand

Meeting customers increasing demands at home as well as abroad.

View All Website 908-359-9000 sales@mu-intel.com

Moellhausen S.P.A.

THE CHEMISTRY OF EMOTIONS

Innovation and commitment in the name of excellence.

View All Website +39 039.685.6262

Penta International Corporation

Chemistry innovation

At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better.

View All Website (973) 740-2300 lisaa@pentamfg.com

PerfumersWorld Ltd.

feeeel... the smell!

The one-stop resource for the creative perfumer.

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Prodasynth

PRODUCTEUR PAR ESSENCE

Chemical specialist in manufacturing, distributing and sourcing of tailor-made ingredients for the Flavour & Fragrance industry.

View All Website (33) 4 93 09 00 11 info@prodasynth.com

Robertet, Inc.

HOME OF NATURE, SEED TO SCENT

HOME OF NATURE – natural ingredients from the source.

View All Website +1.201.337.7100 info@robertetUSA.com

Sigma-Aldrich

Complete Supply Chain

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View All Website 800-244-1173 ff@sial.com

SRS Aromatics Ltd

For over 25 years

Bringing flavour and fragrance into your world.

View All Website +44 (0) 1284 704076 info@srsaromatics.co.uk

The Lermond Company

Your Sourcing Resource

The Lermond family has been sourcing raw materials for the flavor and fragrance industry for nearly 7 decades.

View All Website 201-896-3300 info@lermond.com

R C Treatt and Co Ltd

Innovative ingredient solutions

World-leading innovative ingredient solutions provider for the flavour, fragrance and FMCG industries.

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Van Aroma

Leading producer of Indonesian Natural Flavor and Fragrance ingredients

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Ernesto Ventós S.A.

Leaders in essence

We employ our five senses to do our job well.

View All Website +1 856 226 7501 info@ventos.com

Vigon International

Passion for Simplicity

Manufacturer and supplier of high quality flavor and fragrance ingredients.

View All Website 570-476-6300 sales@vigon.com

WholeChem, LLC

Connecting Innovators To the Building Blocks Of the Universe

Custom manufacturer and distributor of specialty ingredients. We make global local.

View All Website +1 (262) 995.8668 info@wholechem.com

Zanos Ltd.

Distributor of Speciality Chemicals and Natural Ingredients

Sourcing and supplying quality aroma chemicals and prestige natural ingredients for the flavour and fragrance industry.

View All Website +44 (0) 1565 755899 sales@zanos.co.uk

Potential Uses

FR basil oil replacer FR citronella FR citrus FR cologne FR eucalyptus oil replacer FL fruit punch FR geranium FR gingergrass FR green FR honey FR lemon FR lemongrass FR mandarin FR melissa oil replacer FR orange FR plum mirabelle plum FR rose FR tangerine

Natural Occurrence

artemisia vestita wall. flower oil @ 1.60% Data backhousia citriodora f. muell. leaf oil @ 0.30% Data bergamot oil @ 0.005-0.030% Data bergamot oil @ 0.02% Data blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. sanguinello) italy @ 0.045% Data blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. tarocco) italy @ 0.027% Data blood orange oil italy @ 0.038% Data cardamom plant cassinia laevis flower oil australia @ 0.40% Data cassinia laevis leaf oil australia @ 0.50% Data celery leaf celery shoot cherry brazilian cherry leaf cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf cinnamon leaf oil ceylon @ 0.07% Data citronella PMC citronella oil ceylon @ 6.09% Data citronella oil china @ 35.27% Data citronella oil java @ 34.79% Data citronella oil zimbabwe @ 1.02% Data citrus fruits PMC cocoa currant fruit echinophora cinerea oil iran @ 0.10% Data eucalyptus citriodora oil @ 80.10% Data eucalyptus dalrympleana maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 7.60% Data fennel seed oil ginger rhizome ginger rhizome oil ginger root oil brazil @ 0.30% Data grape grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.03% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.04% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.04% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.06% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.06% Data grapefruit oil california @ 0.11% Data grapefruit oil CO2 extract @ 0.12% Data juniper lemon balm lemon balm shoot lemon leaf oil lemon oil lemon oil california @ 0.08% Data lemon pericarp lemon pericarp oil lemon petiole lemon verbena oil turkey @ 0.17% Data lemongrass oil @ 0.10% Data lemongrass oil @ 0.38% Data lemongrass oil @ 0.80% Data lemongrass oil egypt @ 0.79% Data lemongrass oil guatemala @ 0.90% Data lemongrass oil yunnan @ 0.65% Data lemongrass plant lime fruit lime oil expressed florida @ 0.1% Data litsea cubeba oil china @ 0.17% Data lovage plant mandarin mandarin fruit mandarin oil avana @ 0.02% Data mandarin oil avana @ 0.04% Data mandarin oil italy @ 0.03% Data mandarin oil japan @ 0.10% Data mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.01% Data melissa oil @ 13.32% Data melissa oil slovak republic @ 11.31% Data mikan peel oil @ 0.03% Data nutmeg seed orange fruit orange oil terpeneless @ 2.60% Data orange peel oil bitter china @ 0.01% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.035% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.045% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.048% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.058% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.060% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. florida @ 0.04% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. valencia @ 0.05% Data parsley leaf oil cuba @ 0.03% Data pepper black pepper fruit pepper oil black india @ 0.10% Data petitgrain bergamot oil @ 0.02% Data petitgrain combava oil @ 81.49% Data petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 3.10% Data petitgrain lemon oil @ 2.36% Data petitgrain lime oil @ 0.50% Data petitgrain mandarin oil @ 0.25% Data petitgrain sweet oil @ 1.52% Data pimenta racemosa leaf oil lemon @ 0.04% Data pitanga leaf thyme oil wild or creeping pakistan @ 0.17% Data tomato turmeric root oil CO2 extract @ 4.05% Data yuzu leaf oil @ 0.28-0.30% Data

Synonyms

(+)- citronellal (±)- citronellal citronellal (natural) citronellal 80 citronellal 85/90% FCC (natural) citronellal china, natural isolated constituent citronellal ex eucalyptus citriodora 85/90% citronellal ex-citronella oil citronellal ex-eucalyptus citriodara oil citronellal extra citronellal FCC natural citronellal FCC, natural citronellal FCC, synthetic citronellal natural citronellal natural FCC citronellal naturel citronellal synthetic 2,3- dihydrocitral 3,7- dimethyl-6-octen-1-al (±)-3,7- dimethyl-6-octenal 3,7- dimethyl-6-octenal 3,7- dimethyloct-6-enal 6- octenal, 3,7-dimethyl- rhodinal D- rhodinal dextro- rhodinal PubMed: Alkaline ionic liquids applied in supported ionic liquid catalyst for selective hydrogenation of citral to citronellal. J-Stage: Synthesis of All the Stereoisomers of 6-Methyl-2-octadecanone, 14-Methyl-2-octadecanone, and 6,14-Dimethyl-2-octadecanone, Sex Pheromone Components of the Lyclene dharma dharma Moth, from the Enantiomers of Citronellal PubMed: An isomer of citronellal. J-Stage: Citronellal Ingestion Decreases the Appeal of Male Mouse Urinary Pheromone for Female Mice PubMed: Dose-Dependent Behavioral Response of the Mosquito Aedes albopictus to Floral Odorous Compounds. PubMed: Enantioselectivity of the bioconversion of chiral citronellal during the inhibition of wheat seeds germination. PubMed: Fumigant antifungal activity of Corymbia citriodora and Cymbopogon nardus essential oils and citronellal against three fungal species. PubMed: Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of plant essential oils from Benin against Anopheles gambiae (Giles). PubMed: Chemical composition, cytotoxicity and in vitro antitrypanosomal and antiplasmodial activity of the essential oils of four Cymbopogon species from Benin. PubMed: Differential expression of olfactory genes in the southern house mosquito and insights into unique odorant receptor gene isoforms. PubMed: Biotransformations of terpenes by fungi from Amazonian citrus plants. PubMed: Use of olfactory training in post-traumatic and postinfectious olfactory dysfunction. PubMed: Synergistic interaction and mode of action of Citrus hystrix essential oil against bacteria causing periodontal diseases. PubMed: Formulas of components of citronella oil against mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti). PubMed: Enantioselective effects of (+)- and (-)-citronellal on animal and plant microtubules. PubMed: Herbivory by the insect diaphorina citri induces greater change in citrus plant volatile profile than does infection by the bacterium, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. PubMed: Molluscicidal and larvicidal activities and essential oil composition of Cymbopogon winterianus. PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon nardus citronella essential oil against systemic bacteria of aquatic animals. PubMed: Citronellal, a monoterpene present in Java citronella oil, attenuates mechanical nociception response in mice. PubMed: In vitro and in vivo anti-tobacco mosaic virus activities of essential oils and individual compounds. PubMed: Olfactory training in patients with Parkinson's disease. PubMed: Cytosolic monoterpene biosynthesis is supported by plastid-generated geranyl diphosphate substrate in transgenic tomato fruits. PubMed: Behavioural and electroantennogram responses of the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans L.) to plant essential oils and their mixtures with attractants. PubMed: Synthesis of palmyrolide A and its cis-isomer and mechanistic insight into trans-cis isomerisation of the enamide macrocycle. PubMed: Preliminary analysis of several attractants and spatial repellents for the mosquito, Aedes albopictus using an olfactometer. PubMed: A 3-D open-framework material with intrinsic chiral topology used as a stationary phase in gas chromatography. PubMed: Essential oils and their compositions as spatial repellents for pestiferous social wasps. PubMed: Evaluation of the masking of dimethyl sulfide odors by citronellal, limonene and citral through the use of trained odor sensor mice. PubMed: Selective monoterpene-like cyclization reactions achieved by water exclusion from reactive intermediates in a supramolecular catalyst. PubMed: Phytochemical composition of Cymbopogon citratus and Eucalyptus citriodora essential oils and their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties on Wistar rats. PubMed: Chiroptical sensing of citronellal: systematic development of a stereodynamic probe using the concept of isostericity. PubMed: Synthesis of all the stereoisomers of 6-methyl-2-octadecanone, 14-methyl-2-octadecanone, and 6,14-dimethyl-2-octadecanone, sex pheromone components of the Lyclene dharma dharma moth, from the enantiomers of citronellal. PubMed: Toxicity of Zanthoxylum piperitum and Zanthoxylum armatum oil constituents and related compounds to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae). PubMed: Citronellal ingestion decreases the appeal of male mouse urinary pheromone for female mice. PubMed: Functional characterization of SlscADH1, a fruit-ripening-associated short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase of tomato. PubMed: Influence of extraction methodologies on the analysis of five major volatile aromatic compounds of citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) grown in Thailand. PubMed: Comparative molecular docking analysis of essential oil constituents as elastase inhibitors. PubMed: Thymol nanospheres as an effective anti-bacterial agent. PubMed: Contact and fumigant toxicity of Cyperus rotundus steam distillate constituents and related compounds to insecticide-susceptible and -resistant Blattella germanica. PubMed: The synergistic effects of insecticidal essential oils and piperonyl butoxide on biotransformational enzyme activities in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). PubMed: Variation in the volatile oil composition of Eucalyptus citriodora produced by hydrodistillation and supercritical fluid extraction techniques. PubMed: Prokaryotic squalene-hopene cyclases can be converted to citronellal cyclases by single amino acid exchange. PubMed: Plant terpenoids: acute toxicities and effects on flight motor activity and wing beat frequency in the blow fly Phaenicia sericata. PubMed: A piperidine chiron for the Veratrum alkaloids. PubMed: Nature-inspired total synthesis of (-)-fusarisetin A. PubMed: MOFs as multifunctional catalysts: one-pot synthesis of menthol from citronellal over a bifunctional MIL-101 catalyst. PubMed: A dual catalyst system provides the shortest pathway for L-menthol synthesis. PubMed: In silico analysis of enzyme involved in enrichment of citronella oil. PubMed: Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus, stapf (Lemon grass). PubMed: Activation-independent cyclization of monoterpenoids. PubMed: Concise formal synthesis of (-)-7-deoxyloganin via N-heterocyclic carbene catalysed rearrangement of α,β-unsaturated enol esters. PubMed: Microencapsulation of citronella oil for mosquito-repellent application: formulation and in vitro permeation studies. PubMed: Characterization of biofumigated Ralstonia solanacearum cells using micro-Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy. PubMed: Microwave-assisted partial hydrogenation of citral by using ionic liquid-coated porous glass catalysts. PubMed: Repellent constituents of essential oil of Cymbopogon distans aerial parts against two stored-product insects. PubMed: Chemical composition analysis of the essential oil of Melissa officinalis L. from Kurdistan, Iran by HS/SPME method and calculation of the biophysicochemical coefficients of the components. PubMed: Terpenoids inhibit Candida albicans growth by affecting membrane integrity and arrest of cell cycle. PubMed: Antibacterial activity of essential oils from Eucalyptus and of selected components against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. PubMed: Antinociceptive action and redox properties of citronellal, an essential oil present in lemongrass. PubMed: Antifungal activity of Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt ex bor against Candida albicans. PubMed: Comparison of Eucalyptus cinerea essential oils produced by hydrodistillation and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. PubMed: Aliphatic C-H to C-C conversion: synthesis of (-)-cameroonan-7α-ol. PubMed: Enhanced repellency of binary mixtures of Zanthoxylum armatum seed oil, vanillin, and their aerosols to mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions. PubMed: Seasonal variation in the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatile oils of three species of Leptospermum (Myrtaceae) grown in Brazil. PubMed: On the synergistic catalytic properties of bimetallic mesoporous materials containing aluminum and zirconium: the Prins cyclisation of citronellal. PubMed: Anti-inflammatory and redox-protective activities of citronellal. PubMed: Alteration of mouse urinary odor by ingestion of the xenobiotic monoterpene citronellal. PubMed: The effects of high hydrostatic pressure treatment on the flavor and color of grated ginger. PubMed: Towards preparative-scale, biocatalytic alkene reductions. PubMed: Drosophila TRPA1 channel is required to avoid the naturally occurring insect repellent citronellal. PubMed: Antinociceptive effects of citronellal in formalin-, capsaicin-, and glutamate-induced orofacial nociception in rodents and its action on nerve excitability. PubMed: Antinociceptive effect of citronellal in mice. PubMed: The cobalt way to angucyclinones: asymmetric total synthesis of the antibiotics (+)-rubiginone B2, (-)-tetrangomycin, and (-)-8-O-methyltetrangomycin. PubMed: Pyrrolidinyl-camphor derivatives as a new class of organocatalyst for direct asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes and ketones to beta-nitroalkenes. PubMed: One-step microwave-assisted asymmetric cyclisation/hydrogenation of citronellal to menthols using supported nanoparticles on mesoporous materials. PubMed: Volatile organic components of fresh leaves as indicators of indigenous and cultivated citrus species in Taiwan. PubMed: Biological activity of essential oils from Aloysia polystachya and Aloysia citriodora (Verbenaceae) against the soybean pest Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). PubMed: Comparative anticonvulsant activities of the essential oils (EOs) from Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt and Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. in mice. PubMed: A divergent approach to the diastereoselective synthesis of several ant-associated iridoids. PubMed: Bioactivity against Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) of Cymbopogon citratus and Eucalyptus citriodora essential oils grown in Colombia. PubMed: High loading fragrance encapsulation based on a polymer-blend: preparation and release behavior. PubMed: Semiochemical-mediated oviposition avoidance by female house flies, Musca domestica, on animal feces colonized with harmful fungi. PubMed: Solution to spectroscopy challenge 14. Citronellal. PubMed: Synthesis, structural characterization and antiproliferative and toxic bio-activities of copper(II) and nickel(II) citronellal N4-ethylmorpholine thiosemicarbazonates. PubMed: Chemical composition of Eucalyptus spp. essential oils and their insecticidal effects on Lutzomyia longipalpis. PubMed: Citral and carvone chemotypes from the essential oils of Colombian Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown: composition, cytotoxicity and antifungal activity. PubMed: In vitro larvicidal activity of geraniol and citronellal against Contracaecum sp (Nematoda: Anisakidae). PubMed: Catalytic conjugate additions of geminal bis(sulfone)s: expanding the chemistry of sulfones as simple alkyl anion equivalents. PubMed: Laboratory evaluation of products to reduce settling of sweetpotato whitefly adults. PubMed: Repellent activity of essential oils: a review. PubMed: Characterization and antioxidant activity of essential oils from fresh and decaying leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis. PubMed: Grape waste extract obtained by supercritical fluid extraction contains bioactive antioxidant molecules and induces antiproliferative effects in human colon adenocarcinoma cells. PubMed: Essential oil of Lindera neesiana fruit: chemical analysis and its potential use in topical applications. PubMed: Coupling reactions of catechins with natural aldehydes and allyl alcohols and radical scavenging activities of the triglyceride-soluble products. PubMed: Chemical compositions and antioxidant/antimicrobial activities of various samples prepared from Schinus terebinthifolius leaves cultivated in Egypt. PubMed: Reactivity in the confined spaces of zeolites: the interplay between spectroscopy and theory to develop structure-activity relationships for catalysis. PubMed: A tin-tungsten mixed oxide as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for C-C bond-forming reactions. PubMed: Effects of olfactory training in patients with olfactory loss. PubMed: Chemical composition of the defensive secretion of the longhorned beetle, Chloridolum loochooanum. PubMed: Cyclisation of citronellal over heterogeneous inorganic fluorides--highly chemo- and diastereoselective catalysts for (+/-)-isopulegol. PubMed: Zr-zeolite beta: a new heterogeneous catalyst system for the highly selective cascade transformation of citral to (+/-)-menthol. PubMed: Larvicidal and oviposition-altering activity of monoterpenoids, trans-anithole and rosemary oil to the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). PubMed: Synthesis of a dialuminum-substituted silicotungstate and the diastereoselective cyclization of citronellal derivatives. PubMed: Effects of chemopreventive citrus phytochemicals on human P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance protein 1. PubMed: Activity of essential oils and individual components against acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase. PubMed: The promoting effect of a dicyanamide based ionic liquid in the selective hydrogenation of citral. PubMed: Melissa officinalis oil affects infectivity of enveloped herpesviruses. PubMed: Feasibility of detection and quantification of gas-phase carbonyls in indoor environments using PFBHA derivatization and solid-phase microextraction (SPME). PubMed: Essential oil composition of three accessions of Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth. cultivated at Palampur, India. PubMed: Oxidation of citronellal to citronellic acid by molecular oxygen using supported gold catalysts. PubMed: Chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Melissa officinalis L. from Romania. PubMed: Host-seeking and blood-feeding behavior of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) exposed to vapors of geraniol, citral, citronellal, eugenol, or anisaldehyde. PubMed: Citral derived amides as potent bacterial NorA efflux pump inhibitors. PubMed: Anti-inflammation activity of fruit essential oil from Cinnamomum insularimontanum Hayata. PubMed: Inhibitory effects of terpenoids on multidrug resistance-associated protein 2- and breast cancer resistance protein-mediated transport. PubMed: First asymmetric total syntheses of cernuane-type Lycopodium alkaloids, cernuine, and cermizine D. PubMed: Synthesis and catalysis of di- and tetranuclear metal sandwich-type silicotungstates [(gamma-SiW10O36)2M2(mu-OH)2]10- and [(gamma-SiW10O36)2M4(mu4-O)(mu-OH)6]8- (M = Zr or Hf). PubMed: Polar intermetallic compounds as catalysts for hydrogenation reactions: synthesis, structures, bonding, and catalytic properties of Ca(1-x)Sr(x)Ni4Sn2 (x=0.0, 0.5, 1.0) and catalytic properties of Ni3Sn and Ni3Sn2. PubMed: Efficient and selective synthesis of (S,R,R,S,R,S)-4,6,8,10,16,18-hexamethyl-docosane via Zr-catalyzed asymmetric carboalumination of alkenes (ZACA reaction). PubMed: Antimicrobial activity and potential use of monoterpenes as tropical fruits preservatives. PubMed: Expression of two old yellow enzyme homologues from Gluconobacter oxydans and identification of their citral hydrogenation abilities. PubMed: Phythochemical screening and anticonvulsant activity of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (Poaceae) leaf essential oil in rodents. PubMed: Screening of antibacterial activities of twenty-one oxygenated monoterpenes. PubMed: Differences in (-)citronellal binding to various odorant receptors. PubMed: Structural determinants of odorant recognition by the human olfactory receptors OR1A1 and OR1A2. PubMed: Evaluation of phototoxic properties of fragrances. PubMed: Toxicity of Myristica fagrans seed compounds against Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). PubMed: Enantioselective total synthesis of isishippuric acid B via intramolecular Michael reaction. PubMed: High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of 24 fragrance allergens to study scented products. PubMed: Repellence of the red bud borer Resseliella oculiperda from grafted apple trees by impregnation of rubber budding strips with essential oils. PubMed: Antibiogram and GC analysis of Euphorbia hirta leaf extract. PubMed: Assessment of sensitization potential of monoterpenes using the rat popliteal lymph node assay. PubMed: Comparison of three lychee cultivar odor profiles using gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chromatography-sulfur detection. PubMed: Authenticity control of essential oils containing citronellal and citral by chiral and stable-isotope gas-chromatographic analysis. PubMed: First enantiospecific synthesis of (-)-parvifoline and (-)-curcuquinone. PubMed: Antimicrobial effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde, (-)-perillaldehyde, (-)-citronellal, citral, eugenol and carvacrol on airborne microbes using an airwasher. PubMed: Chemical composition and phytotoxicity of volatile essential oil from intact and fallen leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora. PubMed: Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport by terpenoids contained in herbal medicines and natural products. PubMed: Probing the Lewis acidity and catalytic activity of the metal-organic framework [Cu3(btc)2] (BTC=benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate). PubMed: Phytotoxicity of the volatile monoterpene citronellal against some weeds. PubMed: Foot odor due to microbial metabolism and its control. PubMed: Enthalpy change on mixing a couple of S- and R-enantiomers of some chiral compounds at 298.15 K. PubMed: Lipolytic effects of citrus peel oils and their components. PubMed: Chemical composition and inhibitory activity of essential oil from decaying leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora. PubMed: Acaricidal activities of paeonol and benzoic acid from Paeonia suffruticosa root bark and monoterpenoids against Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Acaridae). PubMed: [Extraction and determination of volatile constituents in leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora]. PubMed: Domino-cyclisation and hydrogenation of citronellal to menthol over bifunctional Ni/Zr-Beta and Zr-beta/Ni-MCM-41 catalysts. PubMed: Effects of citronellal, a monoterpenoid in Zanthoxyli Fructus, on the intestinal absorption of digoxin in vitro and in vivo. PubMed: Insecticidal activity of selected monoterpenoids and rosemary oil to Agriotes obscurus (Coleoptera: Elateridae). PubMed: Volatile constituents of redblush grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) and pummelo (Citrus grandis) peel essential oils from Kenya. PubMed: A highly selective, organocatalytic route to chiral dihydro-1,2-oxazines. PubMed: Photochemical release of aldehydes from alpha-acetoxy nitroveratryl ethers. PubMed: Pectin gel vehicles for controlled fragrance delivery. PubMed: Investigation of factors affecting the adsorption of functional molecules onto gel silicas. 1. Flow microcalorimetry and infrared spectroscopy. PubMed: Type 4 phosphodiesterase inhibition impairs detection of low odor concentrations in mice. PubMed: Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport by extracts of and monoterpenoids contained in Zanthoxyli fructus. PubMed: Identification of specific ligands for orphan olfactory receptors. G protein-dependent agonism and antagonism of odorants. PubMed: Repellency of essential oils of some Kenyan plants against Anopheles gambiae. PubMed: Micelle-hosted palladium nanoparticles catalyze citral molecule hydrogenation in supercritical carbon dioxide. PubMed: Synthesis of the four stereoisomers of 7-acetoxy-15-methylnonacosane, a component of the female sex pheromone of the screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax. PubMed: Differences in the volatile components and their odor characteristics of green and ripe fruits and dried pericarp of Japanese pepper (Xanthoxylum piperitum DC.). PubMed: Ir-Beta zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot transformation of citronellal to menthol. PubMed: Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Melissa officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) essential oil. PubMed: Utilisation of on-line acoustic irradiation as a means to counter-effect catalyst deactivation in heterogeneous catalysis. PubMed: Variability in the content and composition of essential oil from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) cultivated in Poland. PubMed: Sn-Beta zeolite as diastereoselective water-resistant heterogeneous Lewis-acid catalyst for carbon-carbon bond formation in the intramolecular carbonyl-ene reaction. PubMed: Synthesis of the enantiomers of 21-methyl-7-hentriacontanone and a stereoisomeric mixture of 5-acetoxy-19-methylnonacosane, candidates for the female sex pheromone of the screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax. PubMed: Receptor contributions to configural and elemental odor mixture perception. PubMed: Biotransformation of citronellal by Solanum aviculare suspension cultures: preparation of p-menthane-3,8-diols and determination of their absolute configurations. PubMed: Assessing the separation of neutral plant secondary metabolites by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. PubMed: Identification of aroma active compounds in orange essence oil using gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. PubMed: Catalyst-controlled inverse-electron-demand hetero-Diels-Alder reactions in the enantio- and diastereoselective synthesis of iridoid natural products. PubMed: Character impact odorants of Citrus Hallabong [(C. unshiu Marcov x C. sinensis Osbeck) x C. reticulata Blanco] cold-pressed peel oil. PubMed: Inhibition of citrus postharvest pathogens by vapor of citral and related compounds in culture. PubMed: Synthesis of the four stereoisomers of 3,12-dimethylheptacosane, (Z)-9-pentacosene and (Z)-9-heptacosene, the cuticular hydrocarbons of the ant, Diacamma sp.. PubMed: Improved hardware and software for quick gas chromatography-olfactometry using CHARM and GC-"SNIF" analysis. PubMed: Effects of storage conditions on the composition of Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka (hyuganatsu) essential oil. PubMed: Characteristic odor components of Citrus sphaerocarpa Tanaka (Kabosu) cold-pressed peel oil. PubMed: Susceptibility of the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and its parasitoid Dinarmus basalis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to three essential oils. PubMed: Comparison of extraction methods for marker compounds in the essential oil of lemon grass by GC. PubMed: The influence of the harvest cut height on the quality of the herbal drugs Melissae folium and Melissae herba. PubMed: Volatile components of peel and leaf oils of lemon and lime species. PubMed: Isolation of a deet-insensitive mutant of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae). PubMed: New Lewis-Acidic Molybdenum(II) and Tungsten(II) Catalysts for Intramolecular Carbonyl Ene and Prins Reactions. Reversal of the Stereoselectivity of Cyclization of Citronellal. PubMed: Evaluation of vetiver oil and seven insect-active essential oils against the Formosan subterranean termite. PubMed: Local anaesthetic activity of monoterpenes and phenylpropanes of essential oils. PubMed: Synthesis and absolute configuration of Stellettadine A: a marine alkaloid that induces larval metamorphosis in ascidians. PubMed: A threshold-like measure for the assessment of olfactory sensitivity: the "random" procedure. PubMed: Changes in essential oil during enzyme-assisted ensiling of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.) and lemon eucalyptus (Eucalyptus citriodora Hook). PubMed: Specific structural determinants are responsible for the antioxidant activity and the cell cycle effects of resveratrol. PubMed: Acute, sublethal, antifeedant, and synergistic effects of monoterpenoid essential oil compounds on the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lep., Noctuidae). PubMed: Biotransformation of constituents of essential oils by germinating wheat seed. PubMed: The use of linear expressions of solute boiling point versus retention to indicate special interactions with the molecular rings of modified cyclodextrin phases in gas chromatography PubMed: Effects of the sniffing port air makeup in gas chromatography-olfactometry. PubMed: Effects of branched cyclodextrins on the solubility and stability of terpenes. PubMed: In vitro evaluation of the sensitization potential of weak contact allergens using langerhans-like dendritic cells and autologous T cells. PubMed: Solid phase microextraction of volatile constituents from individual fresh Eucalyptus leaves of three species. PubMed: Ethnobotany, volatile oils and secretion tissues of werneria poposa from Argentina. PubMed: Odor suppression of voltage-gated currents contributes to the odor-induced response in olfactory neurons. PubMed: Grapefruit gland oil composition is affected by wax application, storage temperature, and storage time. PubMed: Sex steroids and odorants modulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion in primary cultures of human olfactory cells. PubMed: Potentiation of GABAA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes by perfume and phytoncid. PubMed: Early changes in murine epidermal cell phenotype by contact sensitizers. PubMed: Identification of ligands for olfactory receptors by functional expression of a receptor library. PubMed: Preparation, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of Polymer-Stabilized Ruthenium Colloids. PubMed: The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778): current situation and future prospects for control. PubMed: [Study of the olfactory effects of citronellal in the environmental air]. PubMed: Comparative repellency of commercial formulations of deet, permethrin and citronellal against the mosquito Aedes aegypti, using a collagen membrane technique compared with human arm tests. PubMed: Mutagenicity testing (+/-)-camphor, 1,8-cineole, citral, citronellal, (-)-menthol and terpineol with the Salmonella/microsome assay. PubMed: Effect of urine-derived compounds on cAMP accumulation in mouse vomeronasal cells. PubMed: In vitro inhibition of CYP2B1 monooxygenase by beta-myrcene and other monoterpenoid compounds. PubMed: Coupling of Metabolism and Bioconversion: Microbial Esterification of Citronellol with Acetyl Coenzyme A Produced via Metabolism of Glucose in an Interface Bioreactor. PubMed: Decomposition of Terpenes by Ozone during Sampling on Tenax. PubMed: In vitro primary sensitization of hapten-specific T cells by cultured human epidermal Langerhans cells--a screening predictive assay for contact sensitizers. PubMed: The aphid sex pheromone cyclopentanoids: synthesis in the elucidation of structure and biosynthetic pathways. PubMed: Chemical ecology of astigmatid mites--XLV. (2R, 3R)-epoxyneral: sex pheromone of the acarid mite Caloglyphus sp. (Acarina: Acaridae). PubMed: Insecticidal properties of several monoterpenoids to the house fly (Diptera: Muscidae), red flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and southern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). PubMed: Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants deficient in the utilization of the terpenoid citronellic acid. PubMed: Studies of new short-period method for delayed contact hypersensitivity assay in the guinea pig. (2). Studies of the enhancement effect of cyclophosphamide. PubMed: Vapour toxicity & repellence of some essential oils & terpenoids to adults of Aedes aegypti (L) (Diptera: Culicidae). PubMed: Studies of new short-period method for delayed contact hypersensitivity assay in the guinea pig. (I). Development and comparison with other methods. PubMed: Quantitative analysis on odor intensity and quality of optical isomers in turtle olfactory system. PubMed: Studies of the reductive biotransformation of selected carbonyl compounds by whole cells and extracts of baker's yeast, Saccharomyces carevisiae. PubMed: Catalysis by cytochrome P-450 of an oxidative reaction in xenobiotic aldehyde metabolism: deformylation with olefin formation. PubMed: Effect of selected chemicals on mosquito larval orientation behaviour using a new apparatus. PubMed: Olfactory sensitivity of two sympatric species of rice leaf folders (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to plant volatiles. PubMed: Cinnamyl derivatives and monoterpenoids as nonspecific ovipositional deterrents of the onion fly. PubMed: Value of the cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) response for distinguishing weak contact sensitization from irritation reactions in the guinea pig. PubMed: Terpenoid biotransformation in mammals. V. Metabolism of (+)-citronellal, (+-)-7-hydroxycitronellal, citral, (-)-perillaldehyde, (-)-myrtenal, cuminaldehyde, thujone, and (+-)-carvone in rabbits. PubMed: Application of response surface methodology to evaluation of bioconversion experimental conditions. PubMed: [Chemical composition of the essential oil from melissa]. PubMed: A new one-step synthesis of hexahydrocannabinoid analogs. PubMed: Microbial transformation of terpenoids. I. Identification of metabolites produced by a pseudomonad from citronellal and citral. PubMed: Effect of various essential oils isolated from Douglas fir needles upon sheep and deer rumen microbial activity. PubMed: Chemotherapy of human carcinoma with citronellal and citral and their action on carcinoma tissue in its histological aspects up to healing. PubMed: [Clinical effect of d-Rhodinicacid and d-Citronellal on pulmonary tuberculosis]. PubMed: Experiments on the chemotherapeutic treatment of carcinoma with citral and citronellal and those combined with PCMB. PubMed: [Direct action of citral and citronellal on cancer cells].