para-cymene

4-methyl-1-isopropylbenzene

CAS: 99-87-6 C10 H14 MW: 134.22158000 terpenic terpenic

Identification

Namepara-cymene
IUPAC1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene
CAS Number99-87-6
EINECS202-796-7
FDA UNII1G1C8T1N7Q
Molecular FormulaC10 H14
Molecular Weight134.22158000
MDL NumberMFCD00008893
Nikkaji NumberJ11.621A
Beilstein1903377
CoE Number620
XlogP34.10 (est)

Regulatory

JECFA Food Flavoring1325 p-cymene
DG SANTE Food Flavourings01.002 1-isopropyl-4-methylbenzene
FEMA Number2356
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)99-87-6 ; P-CYMENE
FDA RegulationFDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

Physical Properties

Appearance colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay 97.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed Yes
Specific Gravity 0.85300 to 0.85500 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est). 7.098 to 7.114
Refractive Index 1.48900 to 1.49100 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point -68.90 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 176.00 to 178.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg, 91.00 to 92.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Acid Value 1.00 max. KOH/g
Vapor Pressure 1.460000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density 4.62 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point 117.00 °F. TCC ( 47.22 °C. )
logP (o/w) 4.100
Shelf Life 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Soluble in alcohol

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesfragrance

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Strength high ,
Substantivity < 2 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Odor Description
at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol.
at 1.00 % in ethyl alcohol.
terpenic, harsh, coniferous note
Fresh Citrus Terpene Woody Spicy
Sweet, soft, fresh, lemon, bergamot
Odor sample from Berje Inc.
Taste Description at 1.00 - 10.00 ppm.

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Human Experience4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 4750 mg/kg
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryflavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety AssessmentSearch
Recommendation for para-cymene usage levels up to8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU)926.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA)472.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure ClassI
baked goods-
beverages(nonalcoholic)-
beverages(alcoholic)-
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum-
condiments / relishes10.00000
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy-
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings-
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy-
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy-
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

Alfrebro LLC/ Archer Daniels Midland Company

Let's get reacquainted

Building great taste with aroma chemicals, extracts, and distillates

View All Website 513-539-7373 sforbis@alfrebro.com

Augustus Oils Ltd

The Premier Supplier

Augustus Oils Ltd, in harmony with nature - to present it at its best...

View All Website +44 (0)1420 590555 essentials@augustus-oils.ltd.uk

Axxence Aromatic GmbH

We bring nature to your flavour

Dedicated to provide the best possible quality and supply service of natural aroma ingredients.

View All Website +49.2822.68561.0 service@axxence.com

Berje Inc.

Where the world comes to its senses

Where the world comes to its senses - Berjé is a global distributor of Essential Oils and Aromatic Chemicals.

View All Website 973-748-8980 tlauzurica@berjeinc.com

ECSA Chemicals

Human Chemistry

ECSA Chemicals has been active since 1913 in the trading and international commerce of raw materials. With an organisation divided into industrial segments managed by specialists, it has become one of...

View All Website +41 91 695 88 00 marketing@ecsa.ch

Excellentia International

Ingredients by Nature

Exceptional quality and excellence in meeting our customers requirements.

View All Website 732.749.9840 info@excellentiaint.com

Fleurchem, Inc.

Have A Flavorful Day

A leading global manufacturer and supplier of ingredients for Flavors, Fragrances, AromaTherapy, Foods, Beverages, Personal Care Products, and other uses.

View All Website 845-341-2100 info@fleurchem.com

Foreverest Resources Ltd.

Leading pine based chemicals supplier

Supplying turpentine based and natural/extracted flavor & fragrance ingredients.

View All Website +86 (0)592 5105533 info@foreverest.cn

Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division

Commitment to quality

Idukern F&F Ingredients is your partner for the fragrance and flavor ingredients.

View All Website +34 93 506 91 00 info@indukern.es

Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co., Ltd

Independent Ingredients Supplier

We provide custom synthesis and contract manufacturing from milligrams to metric tonnes.

View All Website 86-510-86023169 info@healthwaychem.com

Lluch Essence S.L.

A family company dedicated to sales and distribution

Flexibility, availability, price and quality.

View All Website 34 93 379 38 49 web@lluche.com

M&U International LLC

Steady supply & demand

Meeting customers increasing demands at home as well as abroad.

View All Website 908-359-9000 sales@mu-intel.com

Moellhausen S.P.A.

THE CHEMISTRY OF EMOTIONS

Innovation and commitment in the name of excellence.

View All Website +39 039.685.6262

Natural Advantage

Manufacturer of natural flavor ingredients

With over 25 years experience in the flavor and food ingredient industries.

View All Website 318-215-1456 info@natadv.com

Odowell Co.,ltd

Fulfilling Demand

Product quality and consistency.

View All Website +86-21-56410859 info@odowell.com

Pell Wall Perfumes

Hand-made fragrances

Pell Wall maintains a broad palette of ingredients & in order to keep stocks fresh & the options wide we also sell from our own stock.

View All Website +44 (0) 20 3745 0887 https://pellwall.com/contact-us/

Penta International Corporation

Chemistry innovation

At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better.

View All Website (973) 740-2300 lisaa@pentamfg.com

Prodasynth

PRODUCTEUR PAR ESSENCE

Chemical specialist in manufacturing, distributing and sourcing of tailor-made ingredients for the Flavour & Fragrance industry.

View All Website (33) 4 93 09 00 11 info@prodasynth.com

Riverside Aromatics Ltd.

Speciality Aroma Chemicals, Naturals and Synthetics

A specialist supplier of raw materials to the flavour industry.

View All Website +44 (0) 1202 679532 info@riversidearomatics.com

Robertet, Inc.

HOME OF NATURE, SEED TO SCENT

HOME OF NATURE – natural ingredients from the source.

View All Website +1.201.337.7100 info@robertetUSA.com

Sigma-Aldrich

Complete Supply Chain

The perfect blend of products and services that bring your creativity to life.

View All Website 800-244-1173 ff@sial.com

SRS Aromatics Ltd

For over 25 years

Bringing flavour and fragrance into your world.

View All Website +44 (0) 1284 704076 info@srsaromatics.co.uk

Symrise AG

Always Insiring More

Symrise aroma molecules & cosmetic ingredients for unique and innovative fragrances, flavors and cosmetics.

View All Website +49 5531 90 0 scentandcare@symrise.com

TCI AMERICA

Moving Your Chemistry Forward

We continuously strive to advance our technology.

View All Website 1-800-423-8616 Sales-US@TCIchemicals.com;

The Good Scents Company

Fragrance Creators

For your fragrance creations.

View All Website 414-764-2659 goodscnt@thegoodscentscompany.com

The John D. Walsh Company, Inc

Suppliers Since 1942

Supplying the fragrance and flavor industry with high quality products.

View All Website 973-962-1400 info@johndwalsh.com

The Lermond Company

Your Sourcing Resource

The Lermond family has been sourcing raw materials for the flavor and fragrance industry for nearly 7 decades.

View All Website 201-896-3300 info@lermond.com

R C Treatt and Co Ltd

Innovative ingredient solutions

World-leading innovative ingredient solutions provider for the flavour, fragrance and FMCG industries.

View All Website +1 863 668 9500 enquiries@treatt.com

Ernesto Ventós S.A.

Leaders in essence

We employ our five senses to do our job well.

View All Website +1 856 226 7501 info@ventos.com

Vigon International

Passion for Simplicity

Manufacturer and supplier of high quality flavor and fragrance ingredients.

View All Website 570-476-6300 sales@vigon.com

WholeChem, LLC

Connecting Innovators To the Building Blocks Of the Universe

Custom manufacturer and distributor of specialty ingredients. We make global local.

View All Website +1 (262) 995.8668 info@wholechem.com

Zanos Ltd.

Distributor of Speciality Chemicals and Natural Ingredients

Sourcing and supplying quality aroma chemicals and prestige natural ingredients for the flavour and fragrance industry.

View All Website +44 (0) 1565 755899 sales@zanos.co.uk

Potential Uses

FR basil oil replacer FR berry FR blackberry FR blueberry boldus oil replacer FR butter FL/FR camphor tree bark FL/FR caraway seed FL carrot FR celery FL/FR cilantro FR cinnamon FL/FR coriander FR cranberry FL/FR croton eluteria bark FR cumin oil replacer FR currant black currant FR cypress oil replacer FR eucalyptus oil replacer FR grapefruit FR guava FR lemon FR mandarin FR nutmeg FR orange FR oregano FR papaya FR pineapple FR tangerine FR thyme oil white replacer FL tomato

Natural Occurrence

achillea tenuifolia lam. flower oil iran @ 5.40% Data agathosma crenulata oil @ 0.41% Data ajowan ajowan seed oil turkey @ 15.57% Data allspice fruit allspice leaf allspice leaf oil allspice seed alpinia galanga oil @ 0.80% Data amomum testaceum ridl. fruit oil malaysia @ 1.50% Data angelica angelica root oil @ 6.39% Data angelica seed oil @ 1.10% Data angelica seed oil CO2 extract @ 0.80% Data anise seed oil star china @ 0.29% Data anise star anise fruit anise star anise seed apricot fruit apricot leaf armoise oil morocco @ 0.1% Data artemisia campestris spp. glutinosa flower oil italy @ 0.10% Data artemisia deserti krasch. oil iran @ 1.20% Data artemisia diffusa krasch. ex poljak oil iran @ 1.00% Data artemisia gypsacea krasch. oil iran @ 2.80% Data artemisia variabilis flower oil italy @ 0.40% Data ayou wood oil @ trace% Data basil leaf oil basil oil basil oil sweet poland @ 0.02% Data basil oil var. glabratum turkey @ trace% Data basil plant basil shoot oil basil tissue culture bay laurel leaf bay laurel leaf oil bay leaf oil @ <0.01-0.97% Data bay leaf oil anise @ 0.1% Data bay leaf oil clove @ 0.3% Data bay leaf oil lemon @ 0.5% Data bergamot mint oil @ 0.0-0.1% Data bergamot oil @ 0.010-0.893% Data bergamot oil @ 3.5% Data bergamot oil turkey @ 0.35% Data bergamot plant wild blackberry fruit PMC blueberry fruit bois de rose leaf oil brazil @ trace-0.03% Data bois de rose oil brazil @ trace-0.03% Data boldo leaf boldo leaf oil italy @ 9.51% Data boldus leaf oil chile @ 8.63% Data buchu leaf oil @ 0.16% Data cabocla flower oil brazil @ 9.10% Data cajuput oil @ 0.6% Data cajuput oil vietnam @ 6.8% Data calamus leaf oil @ 0.04% Data camel grass oil @ 0.10% Data caraway seed caraway seed oil @ trace-0.01% Data cardamom fruit cardamom fruit oil cardamom root oil cardamom seed oil carrot root carrot seed carrot seed oil @ 0.41% Data carrot seed oil @ trace% Data carrot seed oil spain @ 0.06-2.48% Data cascarilla bark oil @ 9.91% Data cassia bark oil china @ 4.18% Data cassia leaf oil china @ 4.18% Data cassia plant cassis bud oil @ trace-0.48% Data cedarleaf oil canada @ 0.32-0.59% Data cedarwood oil lebanon @ >0.10% Data celery leaf oil celery leaf oil @ 0.50% Data celery root oil celery seed celery seed oil celery stem oil chamomile flower oil germany @ 0.07% Data chamomile garden chamomile plant champaca concrete @ 0.33% Data chenopodium ambrosioides oil @ 18.0% Data cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 17.60% Data cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 2.40% Data cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum blume) sri lauka @ 0.25-0.35% Data cinnamon bark oil ceylon @ 4.18% Data cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon root bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon stem bark cinnamon leaf oil ceylon @ 0.36% Data cinnamon oil CO2 extract @ 0.36-0.78% Data cistus oil @ 0.4% Data citronella oil ceylon @ 0.10% Data citronella oil china @ 0.01% Data clary sage oil france @ trace% Data clary sage oil sardinia @ 0.10% Data clove bud oil @ 0.07% Data clove leaf oil @ 0.05% Data clove stem oil india @ 0.05% Data coriander fruit coriander oil coriander seed coriander seed oil coriander seed oil @ 2.60% Data coriander seed oil cuba @ 0.90% Data cornmint leaf cornmint oil india @ 0.02% Data costmary oil @ 0.11% Data crithmum maritimum l. oil turkey @ 5.30% Data croton cajucara benth. leaf oil brazil @ 0.20% Data croton flavens l. (welensali) leaf oil curacao @ 1.70% Data cubeb oil @ 0.59% Data cumin oil cumin seed cumin seed oil cumin seed oil egypt @ 4.91% Data cumin seed oil turkey @ 25.2% Data currant black currant fruit currant black currant leaf curry fruit oil india @ 0.10% Data curry leaf oil india @ 0.10% Data curry wood leaf oil australia @ trace% Data cypress oil @ 0.21-0.24% Data davana oil @ 0.8% Data dill leaf dill leaf oil dill oil dill root dill root oil dill seed dill seed oil dill shoot dill weed oil cuba @ 14.38% Data dill weed oil reunion @ 3.80% Data echinophora cinerea oil iran @ 6.10% Data elemi oil @ 7.70% Data eriocephalus punctulatus oil @ 8.00% Data eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn. leaf oil jerusalem @ 24.20% Data eucalyptus camaldulensis dehnh. leaf oil ethiopia @ 17.80% Data eucalyptus citriodora oil @ trace% Data eucalyptus globulus bicostata oil @ 0.27% Data eucalyptus globulus bud oil @ 8.04% Data eucalyptus globulus fruit oil @ 6.44% Data eucalyptus globulus maidenii f. muell oil @ 0.35% Data eucalyptus globulus oil @ 0.86% Data eucalyptus globulus oil burundia @ 0.80% Data eucalyptus globulus oil pakistan @ 0.60% Data eucalyptus globulus oil rwanda @ 8.23% Data eucalyptus globulus oil zambia @ 0.80% Data eucalyptus globulus pseudoglobulus oil @ 1.60% Data featherfew leaf oil @ 0.63% Data fennel absolute sweet @ trace% Data fennel flower oil bitter lithuania @ 1.21% Data fennel oil fennel root oil fennel seed fennel seed oil bitter spain @ trace% Data fennel seed oil sweet @ 0.12% Data feverfew flower oil @ 0.5% Data feverfew leaf oil belgium @ 3.1% Data fig leaf fir needle oil canada @ 0.03-0.16% Data fir needle oil siberia @ 0.15% Data foeniculum vulgare piperitum oil @ 7.20% Data frankincense oil somalia @ 0.50% Data galangal root oil @ 1.60% Data geranium leaf oil india @ 0.08% Data geranium oil bourbon @ 0.05% Data geranium oil rwanda @ 0.10% Data geranium petiole oil india @ 0.06% Data geranium stem oil india @ 0.08% Data ginger rhizome ginger rhizome oil ginger root oil brazil @ 0.20% Data ginger root oil china @ 0.13% Data ginkgo biloba oil ginkgo biloba wood glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) seed oil india @ 2.90% Data grapefruit grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.18% Data guava fruit guava leaf oil cuba @ trace% Data helichrysum italicum oil america @ 0.13% Data heracleum candolleanum rhizome oil india @ 9.00% Data heracleum paphlagonicum czeczott fruit oil turkey @ 0.20% Data hinoki leaf oil @ 0.82% Data hinoki root oil @ 0.53% Data hinoki wood oil @ 0.22% Data ho leaf oil @ 0.01% Data horsemint shoot hyacinthus orientalis absolute @ 0.05-0.56% Data hypericum dogonbadanicum assadi oil iran @ 0.60% Data hyptis spicigera lam. oil mali @ 0.20-0.30% Data hyptis suaveolens (l.) poit. oil mali @ 0.30-1.30% Data hyssop oil hyssop oil @ 0.1% Data hyssop plant hyssop shoot juniper berry oil @ 0.20% Data juniper berry oil CO2 extract @ 1.20% Data juniper branch oil @ 0.90% Data juniper needle oil @ 3.60% Data kachur oil @ 0.10% Data kewda oil @ 1.08-1.42% Data labdanum leaf oil @ 1.70% Data labdanum oil @ 0.43% Data laurel bark oil @ 0.5% Data laurel berry oil @ 1.4% Data laurel leaf oil @ 3.8% Data laurel leaf oil turkey @ 1.50% Data laurel stem oil @ 0.4% Data laurel wood oil @ 0.1% Data lavandin oil abrialis @ 0.22% Data lavandin oil grosso @ 0.16% Data lavender oil @ 1.06% Data lavender oil france @ 0.33% Data lavender oil greece @ 0.09% Data lavender oil spike france @ 1.39% Data lavender water bulgaria @ 0.13% Data layana oil kenya @ 2.30% Data layana oil wild zimbabwe @ 0.30-2.00% Data layana oil zimbabwe @ 0.8% Data lemon balm shoot lemon leaf oil lemon oil lemon oil california @ 0.14% Data lemon oil expressed italy @ 0.27% Data lemon pericarp oil lemon petiole lemon verbena oil morocco @ 0.2% Data lemon verbena oil turkey @ 0.11% Data lemongrass oil @ 0.05% Data lemongrass oil @ 0.22% Data lemongrass oil rwanda @ 0.06% Data levisticum officinale flower oil @ 0.92% Data levisticum officinale seed oil @ 0.59% Data lime fruit lime oil CO2 extract mexico @ 3.07% Data lime oil distilled mexico @ 1.89% Data lime oil distilled peru @ 2.30% Data lime oil expressed florida @ 0.1% Data lippia aff. gracillis h.b.k. leaf oil brazil @ 14.50% Data litsea cubeba oil china @ 0.11% Data lovage flower oil @ 2.33% Data lovage leaf oil @ 7.11% Data lovage root lovage root oil @ 0.86% Data lovage seed oil @ 3.50% Data mace oil @ 0.20% Data mace oil CO2 extract @ 0.80% Data mandarin fruit mandarin leaf oil mandarin oil @ 0.28% Data mandarin oil @ 4.25% Data mandarin oil avana @ 0.23% Data mandarin oil italy @ 0.33% Data mandarin oil italy @ 4.25% Data mandarin oil japan @ 0.10% Data mangrove bark red oil cuba @ 0.30% Data manuka var. eximium oil australia @ trace% Data manuka var. rotundifolium oil australia @ 2.30% Data manuka var. scoparium oil new zealand @ 0.16% Data marjoram leaf oil marjoram oil marjoram oil spain @ 0.30% Data marjoram oil sweet cuba @ 4.98% Data marjoram oil sweet cyprus @ 1.00-4.20% Data marjoram oil sweet iran @ 5.70% Data marjoram oil sweet morocco @ 8.07% Data marjoram oil sweet turkey @ 4.31-4.68% Data marjoram plant marjoram pot oil turkey @ 4.93-24.90% Data mastic fruit oil @ 0.33% Data mastic leaf oil @ 0.11% Data mastic oil @ 0.22% Data melissa oil @ 0.83% Data melon bitter melon seed oil michelia alba flower absolute @ 1.49% Data microstrobos fitzgeraldii leaf oil australia @ 0.10% Data microstrobos niphophilus leaf oil australia @ 0.10% Data mikan peel oil @ 0.22% Data mikania cordata (burm. f.) b.l. robinson var. cordata leaf oil france @ 0.40% Data myristica fragrans fruit oil @ 0.70% Data myrtle oil @ 0.65% Data narcissus absolute @ 1.27% Data narcissus absolute @ 8.53% Data nepeta cephalotes boiss. oil iran @ 2.30% Data nepeta denudata benth. oil iran @ 4.20% Data neroli oil CO2 extract @ 0.04% Data niaouli oil egypt @ 0.20% Data nutmeg extract CO2 west indian @ 0.80% Data nutmeg flower oil @ 4.55% Data nutmeg leaf oil nutmeg leaf oil @ 2.49-4.78% Data nutmeg oil nutmeg oil hydrodistilled india @ 0.7% Data nutmeg oil india @ 1.87% Data nutmeg seed nutmeg seed oil olibanum onion fruit juice onion juice orange bigarade oil @ 1.01% Data orange fruit orange oil c.p. brazil @ trace-0.04% Data orange peel oil bitter brazil @ trace% Data orange peel oil bitter china @ 0.52% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. egypt @ 1.94% Data oregano oil oregano oil mexico @ 8.12% Data oregano plant oregano plant oregano shoot oregano shoot oil origanum PMC origanum oil greece @ 6.58% Data orthodon dianthera maxim. oil vietnam @ 0.20% Data osmanthus absolute @ trace% Data palmarosa oil @ trace% Data papaya fruit parsley fruit oil parsley leaf parsley leaf oil @ 1.46% Data parsley leaf oil cuba @ 0.03% Data parsley leaf oil egypt @ 0.82% Data parsley seed parsley seed oil parsley seed oil @ 0.11% Data parsnip root pennyroyal oil cuba @ 0.08% Data pennyroyal oil spain @ 0.10% Data pepper bell pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit oil pepper black pepper seed oil pepper tree berry oil @ 2.93% Data pepper tree leaf oil @ 0.59% Data peppermint leaf peppermint oil america @ 0.24% Data peppermint oil mongolia @ 0.22% Data persea americana mill. fruit oil cuba @ trace% Data petitgrain bigarade oil @ trace% Data petitgrain combava oil @ trace% Data petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 1.40% Data petitgrain lemon oil @ trace% Data petitgrain lime oil @ trace% Data petitgrain mandarin oil @ 0.32% Data petitgrain oil @ trace% Data petitgrain sweet oil @ 3.17% Data peucedanum petiolare (dc) boiss oil iran @ 0.10% Data phoebe oil brazil @ 0.38% Data pimenta leaf oil @ 1.87% Data pimenta racemosa leaf oil lemon @ 0.18% Data pimento berry oil @ 0.2% Data pimento berry oil CO2 extract jamaica @ trace% Data pine needle oil dwarf @ 0.09% Data pineapple fruit pinus sylvestris l. needle oil estonia @ 0.10% Data pinus sylvestris l. needle oil yugoslavia @ 0.20% Data plectranthus glandulosus hook f. leaf oil cameroon @ 0.40% Data pomelo prangos uechtritzii boiss. et hausskn. fruit oil turkey @ 10.90% Data prangos uloptera dc. oil iran @ 1.00% Data prangos uloptera dc. seed oil iran @ trace% Data protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march leaf oil brazil @ 1.10% Data protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march resin oil brazil @ 6.00% Data pteronia oil @ 11.30% Data ravintsara leaf oil @ 0.97%% Data rose oil otto bulgaria @ 0.09% Data rosemary rosemary leaf rosemary leaf oil rosemary oil rosemary oil china @ 1.00% Data rosemary oil CO2 extract @ 1.81% Data rosemary oil corsica @ 1.20% Data rosemary oil egypt @ 1.77% Data rosemary oil france @ 1.39-1.54% Data rosemary oil morocco @ 0.99-1.40% Data rosemary oil spain @ 1.8% Data rosemary oil turkey @ 10.50% Data rosemary plant rosemary sap rosemary shoot rosemary shoot oil rue oil china @ 0.02% Data rue oil cuba @ 0.01% Data safflower bud safflower leaf saffron stigma saffron stigma sage leaf oil sage oil sage oil albania @ 0.20% Data sage oil cuba @ 0.35% Data sage oil dalmatian @ 0.20% Data sage oil dalmatian @ 0.30% Data sage oil dalmatian @ 0.90% Data sage oil england @ 0.20% Data sage oil germany @ 1.29% Data sage oil hydrodistillation france @ 1.50% Data sage oil lithuania @ 0.60% Data sage oil reunion @ 0.40% Data sage oil sardinia @ 0.90% Data sage oil spain @ 0.4-2.1% Data sage oil spain @ 1.1% Data sage oil spain @ 2.00% Data sage plant sage shoot salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil @ 0.10% Data salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil spain @ 0.40% Data salvia officinalis oil cuba @ 0.35% Data salvia officinalis seed oil tunisia @ 1.52% Data salvia sclarea oil @ 0.18% Data salvia sclarea seed oil tunisia @ 0.12% Data salvia verbenaca seed oil tunisia @ 0.37% Data satureja khuzistanica jamzad oil iran @ 39.60% Data satureja viminea l. oil costa rica @ trace% Data savin oil @ 0.14% Data savin oil @ 0.20% Data savory oil summer @ 3.31-8.60% Data savory oil winter @ 24.70% Data savory oleoresin winter @ 24.70% Data savory summer savory plant savory winter savory oil savory winter savory plant snake root oil canada @ 0.30% Data spearmint leaf spearmint oil spearmint oil america @ trace-0.04% Data stachys recta l. oil serbia @ trace% Data star fruit oil cuba @ trace% Data sugandha kokila berry oil @ 3.60% Data sunflower flower tagete flower oil rwanda @ 0.30% Data tagete oil CO2 extract @ 1.12% Data tagete oil rwanda @ trace% Data tanacetum annum l. oil marocco @ 8.90% Data tangerine fruit tangerine oil america @ 0.48% Data tansy flower oil canada @ 0.37% Data tansy flower oil dutch @ 0.40% Data tansy leaf oil dutch @ 0.40% Data tansy oil argentina @ 0.32% Data tansy oil canada @ 0.80% Data tansy oil marocco @ 2.20% Data tarragon oil tarragon oil @ trace% Data tea tree oil australia @ 4.96% Data tejpat oil @ 3.20% Data thyme absolute @ 0.95% Data thyme oil thyme oil portuguese @ 19.9% Data thyme oil red CO2 extract @ 2.55% Data thyme oil red CO2 extract spain @ 14.3% Data thyme oil red india @ 7.9% Data thyme oil red spain @ 18.60-25.34% Data thyme oil spain @ 2.95% Data thyme oil spain @ 27.63% Data thyme oil wild or creeping canada @ 0.70% Data thyme oil wild or creeping finland @ 1.10% Data thyme oil wild or creeping france @ 0.16% Data thyme oil wild or creeping pakistan @ 9.54% Data thyme plant thymus richardii pers. subsp. nitidus (guss.) jalas oil italy @ 2.10% Data tomato trachyspermum roxburghianum benth. ex. kurz. seed oil india @ 1.30% Data tsauri grass oil @ 0.30% Data turmeric leaf turmeric rhizome turmeric root oil CO2 extract @ 1.15% Data turmeric root oil hydrodistilled @ 1.09% Data turmeric root oil vietnam @ 0.05% Data valerian root oil @ 0.1-1.5% Data valerian root oil china @ 0.40% Data valerian root oil CO2 extract china @ 0.02% Data vassoura oil @ 0.10% Data water mint leaf water mint shoot wormseed oil america @ 8.09% Data wormseed oil spain @ 0.03% Data wormseed oil spain @ 0.2% Data wormwood oil america @ 0.28% Data wormwood oil annus france @ trace-1.23% Data wormwood oil annus vietnam @ 4.08% Data wormwood oil cuba @ 1.55% Data wormwood oil italy @ 1.0% Data wormwood oil poland @ 0.77% Data xylopia aromatica (lam.) mart. leaf oil cuba @ 0.10% Data yarrow leaf oil @ 2.80% Data yarrow oil @ 0.60% Data yarrow oil greece @ 7.40% Data yuzu leaf oil @ 0.71-1.09% Data yuzu peel oil c.p. @ 0.21-0.40% Data yuzu peel oil CO2 extract @ 0.11-0.48% Data zanthoxylum bracchyacanthum l. leaf oil australia @ 0.10% Data zinnia elegans jacq. flower oil brazil @ 9.10% Data

Synonyms

benzene, 1-isopropyl-4-methyl- benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)- camphogen cumene, p-methyl- p- cumidine 4- cymene p- cymene para- cymene 70% (non citrus) natural p- cymene FCC p- cymene natural para- cymene P & F cymene para FCC para- cymene PF cymene, p- p- cymol para- cymol dolcymene p- mentha-1,3,5-triene p- methyl cumene para- methyl cumene 4- methyl isopropyl benzene 4- methyl isopropylbenzene 4- methyl-1-(methylethyl)benzene 4- methyl-1-(propan-2-yl)benzene 4- methyl-1-isopropyl benzene 4- methyl-1-isopropylbenzene 1- methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl) benzene 1- methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzene methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzene 1- methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzene 1- methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)benzene 1- methyl-4-isopropyl benzene 1- methyl-4-isopropylbenzene 1- methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene p- methyl-cumene p- methylcumene para- methylcumene 4- methylisopropylbenzene p- methylisopropylbenzene paracymene paracymol p-iso propyl methyl benzene para-iso propyl methyl benzene 4-iso propyl toluene p-iso propyl toluene para-iso propyl toluene 4-iso propyl-1-methylbenzene 1-iso propyl-4-methyl benzene 1-iso propyl-4-methyl-benzene 1-iso propyl-4-methylbenzene 1-iso propyl-4-methylbenzol p-iso propylmethylbenzene para-iso propylmethylbenzene 4-iso propyltoluene p-iso propyltoluene para-iso propyltoluene PubMed: Satureja horvatii essential oil: in vitro antimicrobial and antiradical properties and in situ control of Listeria monocytogenes in pork meat. PubMed: Volatile compounds of black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa L.) from microwave-heating and conventional roasting. PubMed: Volatile aroma components and antioxidant activities of the flavedo peel extract of unripe Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata). PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Satureja kitaibelii essential oil against pathogenic microbial strains. PubMed: Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods. PubMed: Chemical and physical stability of citral and limonene in sodium dodecyl sulfate-chitosan and gum arabic-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. PubMed: Flavor components of monoterpenes in citrus essential oils enhance the release of monoamines from rat brain slices. PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of carvacrol toward Bacillus cereus on rice. PubMed: Analysis of the essential oil components from different Carum copticum L. samples from Iran. PubMed: Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography for determination of the terpenes profile of blue honeysuckle berries. PubMed: Stabilization of sunflower oil with Carum copticum Benth & Hook essential oil. PubMed: Identification and Characterization of Dimeric Oxidation Products of p-Cymene-2,3-diol Isolated from Thymus vulgaris L. PubMed: Satureja horvatii essential oil: in vitro antimicrobial and antiradical properties and in situ control of Listeria monocytogenes in pork meat. PubMed: Essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Origanum vulgare subsp. glandulosum Desf. at different phenological stages. PubMed: Comparative investigation of Umbellularia californica and Laurus nobilis leaf essential oils and identification of constituents active against Aedes aegypti. PubMed: Disruption of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade and induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells by an essential oil from Monarda citriodora. PubMed: Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination of volatile compounds in different varieties of African star apple fruit (Chrysophillum albidum). PubMed: Isolation of volatiles from Nigella sativa seeds using microwave-assisted extraction: effect of whole extracts on canine and murine CYP1A. PubMed: Enhanced inhibition of Aspergillus niger on sedge (Lepironia articulata) treated with heat-cured lime oil. PubMed: Efficacy of plant essential oils on postharvest control of rots caused by fungi on different stone fruits in vivo. PubMed: Comparison between supercritical CO2 extraction and hydrodistillation for two species of eucalyptus: yield, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity. PubMed: Coupled extruder-headspace, a new method for analysis of the essential oil components of Coriandrum sativum fruits. PubMed: A herbal antifungal formulation of Thymus serpillum, Origanum vulgare and Rosmarinus officinalis for treating ovine dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes. PubMed: Effect of essential oil from fresh leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. on mycoflora during storage of peanuts in Benin. PubMed: Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from Carum copticum seed and Ferula assafoetida latex. PubMed: Synergistic combinations of high hydrostatic pressure and essential oils or their constituents and their use in preservation of fruit juices. PubMed: Relation between chemical composition or antioxidant activity and antihypertensive activity for six essential oils. PubMed: The effects of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oils on Brochothrix thermosphacta and on the shelf life of beef packaged in high-oxygen modified atmosphere. PubMed: Insecticidal and acetylcholine esterase inhibition activity of Apiaceae plant essential oils and their constituents against adults of German cockroach (Blattella germanica). PubMed: Inhibitory effects of Zataria multiflora essential oil and its main components on nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production in glucose-stimulated human monocyte. PubMed: Volatile aroma components and antioxidant activities of the flavedo peel extract of unripe Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata). PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Satureja kitaibelii essential oil against pathogenic microbial strains. PubMed: Effect of gamma-irradiation on some chemical characteristics and volatile content of linseed. PubMed: Oregano: chemical analysis and evaluation of its antimalarial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial and spasmolytic properties of Poliomintha longiflora and Lippia graveolens essential oils. PubMed: Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil from Gnaphlium affine. PubMed: Composition of the essential oil of Bidens tripartita L. roots and its antibacterial and antifungal activities. PubMed: Chemoprevention by essential oil of turmeric leaves (Curcuma longa L.) on the growth of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production. PubMed: Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil from Cicuta virosa L. var. latisecta Celak. PubMed: Chemical and genetic diversity of Zataria multiflora Boiss. accessions growing wild in Iran. PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of Satureja montana L. essential oil against Clostridium perfringens type A inoculated in mortadella-type sausages formulated with different levels of sodium nitrite. PubMed: Essential oil of Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. from Matmata, Tunisia: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. PubMed: Composition and antimicrobial activities of Lippia multiflora Moldenke, Mentha x piperita L. and Ocimum basilicum L. essential oils and their major monoterpene alcohols alone and in combination. PubMed: Fatty Acids, Essential Oil, And Phenolics Modifications of Black Cumin Fruit under NaCl Stress Conditions. PubMed: Antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Satureja wiedemanniana against Bacillus species isolated from chicken meat. PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of cumin oil (Cuminum cyminum, Apiaceae). PubMed: Screening of the constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of endemic Origanum hypericifolium O. Schwartz & P.H. Davis. PubMed: Chemical composition and anticancer and antioxidant activities of Schinus molle L. and Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi berries essential oils. PubMed: Assessment of factors influencing antimicrobial activity of carvacrol and cymene against Vibrio cholerae in food. PubMed: Essential oils of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. glandulosum (Desf.) Ietswaart from Tunisia: chemical composition and antioxidant activity. PubMed: Chemical composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Thymus marschallianus Will. and Thymus proximus Serg. PubMed: Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl subsp. longicaulis var. longicaulis. PubMed: The influence of harvest time on essential oil composition, phenolic constituents and antioxidant properties of Turkish oregano (Origanum onites L.). PubMed: Antibacterial activities of essential oils and extracts of Turkish Achillea, Satureja and Thymus species against plant pathogenic bacteria. PubMed: Synergistic antimicrobial effect of nisin and p-cymene on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in vitro and on ready-to-eat food. PubMed: Chemical composition and inhibitory activity against Helicobacter pylori of the essential oil of Apium nodiflorum (Apiaceae). PubMed: In vitro screening of essential oil from young and mature leaves of Artemisia scoparia compared to its major constituents for free radical scavenging activity. PubMed: Lippia origanoides chemotype differentiation based on essential oil GC-MS and principal component analysis. PubMed: Comparison of volatile profiles of nine litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cultivars from Southern China. PubMed: Influence of growth regulators in biomass production and volatile profile of in vitro plantlets of Thymus vulgaris L. PubMed: Comparison of chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa seed essential oils obtained by different extraction methods. PubMed: Chemical composition of essential oils of Thymus and Mentha species and their antifungal activities. PubMed: Bioactivity-guided fractionation and GC/MS fingerprinting of Angelica sinensis and Angelica archangelica root components for antifungal and mosquito deterrent activity. PubMed: Processing and storage effects on orange juice aroma: a review. PubMed: Chemical composition of essential oil and headspace-solid microextracts from fruits of Myrica gale L. and antifungal activity. PubMed: Composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil of the Brazilian Chenopodium ambrosioides L. PubMed: Chemical composition and antifungal activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) oil from Turkey. PubMed: Tunisian Salvia officinalis L. and Schinus molle L. essential oils: their chemical compositions and their preservative effects against Salmonella inoculated in minced beef meat. PubMed: Increasing antioxidant activity and reducing decay of blueberries by essential oils. PubMed: Effect of maturation on the composition and biological activity of the essential oil of a commercially important Satureja species from Turkey: Satureja cuneifolia Ten. (Lamiaceae). PubMed: Antimycotoxigenic characteristics of Rosmarinus officinalis and Trachyspermum copticum L. essential oils. PubMed: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of Laurus nobilis essential oil composition of northern Cyprus. PubMed: Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli mutants exhibiting altered response to thymol. PubMed: Characterization of the volatile constituents in the essential oil of Pistacia lentiscus L. from different origins and its antifungal and antioxidant activity. PubMed: Interaction of four monoterpenes contained in essential oils with model membranes: implications for their antibacterial activity. PubMed: Chemical and physical stability of citral and limonene in sodium dodecyl sulfate-chitosan and gum arabic-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. PubMed: Conflicting demands on detoxification pathways influence how common brushtail possums choose their diets. PubMed: Composition of the essential oils of Thymus and Origanum species from Algeria and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. PubMed: Critical components of odors in evaluating the performance of food waste composting plants. PubMed: Lipolytic effects of citrus peel oils and their components. PubMed: Structural requirements for the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol. PubMed: Estimation of aroma glycosides of nutmeg and their changes during radiation processing. PubMed: Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oils isolated from Thymbra capitata L. (Cav.) andOriganum vulgare L. PubMed: Identification of characteristic aroma-active compounds from water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica DC.). PubMed: Volatile components and key odorants of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) oil extracts obtained by simultaneous distillation-extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. PubMed: Carvacrol and p-cymene inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 in apple juice. PubMed: Increase in activity of essential oil components carvacrol and thymol against Escherichia coli O157:H7 by addition of food stabilizers. PubMed: Application of artificial neural network on mono- and sesquiterpenes compounds determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the Piedmont ricotta cheese traceability. PubMed: Effect of solution conductivity on the volatile constituents of Origanum dictamnus L. in nutrient film culture. PubMed: Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of citrus essences on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PubMed: Antioxidant activity of plant extracts on the inhibition of citral off-odor formation. PubMed: Formation mechanism of p-methylacetophenone from citral via a tert-alkoxy radical intermediate. PubMed: Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods--a review. PubMed: Chemical constituents, antifungal and antioxidative effects of ajwain essential oil and its acetone extract. PubMed: In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils and various extracts of Thymus eigii M. Zohary et P.H. Davis. PubMed: Investigation of the Origanum onites L. essential oil using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. PubMed: Influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris). PubMed: Seasonal and phenological variations of the essential oil from the narrow endemic species Artemisia molinieri and its biological activities. PubMed: Unexpected superoxide dismutase antioxidant activity of ferric chloride in acetonitrile. PubMed: In vitro analysis of the properties of Beiqishen tea. PubMed: Isolation of volatile oil from thyme (Thymbra spicata) by steam distillation. PubMed: Changes in volatile compounds of carrots (Daucus carota L.) during refrigerated and frozen storage. PubMed: Chemical composition and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant effect of free volatile compounds from Satureja montana L. PubMed: In vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extracts of herbal parts and callus cultures of Satureja hortensis L. PubMed: Mechanism of inhibition of lipid peroxidation by gamma-terpinene, an unusual and potentially useful hydrocarbon antioxidant. PubMed: Bacterial susceptibility to and chemical composition of essential oils from Thymus kotschyanus and Thymus persicus. PubMed: Analysis of volatile compounds of taperebá (Spondias mombin L.) and cajá (Spondias mombin L.) by simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and solid phase microextraction (SPME). PubMed: Characterization of Citrus unshiu (C. unshiu Marcov. forma Miyagawa-wase) blossom aroma by solid-phase microextraction in conjunction with an electronic nose. PubMed: Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Thymus pectinatus Fisch. et Mey. Var. pectinatus (Lamiaceae). PubMed: SPME applied to the study of volatile organic compounds emitted by three species of Eucalyptus in situ. Solid-phase micro extraction. PubMed: Effect of phosphorus concentration of the nutrient solution on the volatile constituents of leaves and bracts of Origanum dictamnus. PubMed: Determination of monoterpene hydrocarbons and alcohols in Majorana hortensis Moench by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic. PubMed: Effects of storage conditions on the composition of Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka (hyuganatsu) essential oil. PubMed: Modeling the partition of volatile aroma compounds from a cloud emulsion. PubMed: Essential oil composition of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum) form Turkey. PubMed: Attractiveness of 79 compounds and mixtures to wild Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in field trials. PubMed: Quantitative analysis of aroma compounds in carrot (Daucus carota L.) cultivars by capillary gas chromatography using large-volume injection technique. PubMed: Correlation between the chemical and genetic relationships among commercial thyme cultivars. PubMed: Fungitoxic activity of 12 essential oils against four postharvest citrus pathogens: chemical analysis of thymus capitatus oil and its effect in subatmospheric pressure conditions. PubMed: In vivo measurement of flavour release from mixed phase gels. PubMed: Comparison of eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. oils from Mozambique as obtained by hydrodistillation and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. PubMed: Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins by phenolic substances in different essential oils varieties. PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of carvacrol toward Bacillus cereus on rice. PubMed: Orbital cortex neuronal responses during an odor-based conditioned associative task in rats. PubMed: Airborne Compositae dermatitis: monoterpenes and no parthenolide are released from flowering Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew) plants. PubMed: Four weeks' inhalation exposure of rats to p-cymene affects regional and synaptosomal neurochemistry. PubMed: Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method to characterise the transfer of dietary odorous compounds into plasma and milk.