diosgenin
nitogenin
Identification
| Name | diosgenin |
| CAS Number | 512-04-9 |
| EINECS | 208-134-3 |
| FDA UNII | K49P2K8WLX |
| Molecular Formula | C27 H42 O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 414.62934000 |
| MDL Number | MFCD00016887 |
| Nikkaji Number | J6.272C |
| Beilstein | 0094582 |
Regulatory
Physical Properties
| Appearance | white crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay | 95.00 to 100.00 |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Melting Point | 205.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point | 527.11 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est) |
| Flash Point | 523.00 °F. TCC ( 272.60 °C. ) (est) |
| logP (o/w) | 6.602 (est) |
| Soluble in | water, 0.02 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
No sensory data available
Safety Information
| Preferred SDS | View |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 3564 mg/kg |
| Dermal Toxicity | Not determined |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis |
| Recommendation for diosgenin usage levels up to | not for fragrance use. |
| Recommendation for diosgenin flavor usage levels up to | not for flavor use. |
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Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
nitogenin
PubMed:
Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis of the Dioscin Rich Medicinal Plant Dioscorea nipponica.
PubMed:
Fenugreek, A Potent Hypoglycaemic Herb Can Cause Central Hypothyroidism Via Leptin - A Threat To Diabetes Phytotherapy.
PubMed:
Methyl Protodioscin Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Caspase-Dependent and MAPK Signaling Pathways.
PubMed:
Saponin Profile of Wild Asparagus Species.
PubMed:
Plasma Creatine Kinetics After Ingestion of Microencapsulated Creatine Monohydrate with Enhanced Stability in Aqueous Solutions.
PubMed:
Oral administration with diosgenin enhances the induction of intestinal T helper 1-like regulatory T cells in a murine model of food allergy.
PubMed:
Isolation and chemoenzymatic treatment of glycoalkaloids from green, sprouting and rotting Solanum tuberosum potatoes for solanidine recovery.
PubMed:
Chemosensitizing effect of Paris Saponin I on Camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin in lung cancer cells via p38 MAPK, ERK, and Akt signaling pathways.
PubMed:
Beneficial effect of diosgenin as a stimulator of NGF on the brain with neuronal damage induced by Aβ-42 accumulation and neurotoxicant injection.
PubMed:
Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomics Reveals Key Differences between Brachiaria decumbens and B. brizantha, Two Similar Pastures with Different Toxicities.
PubMed:
Rapid and Sensitive Determination of the Major Steroidal Saponins of Ypsilandra thibetica Franch by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry.
PubMed:
Inhibitory effects of chickpea and Tribulus terrestris on lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
PubMed:
Diosgenin induces ROS-dependent autophagy and cytotoxicity via mTOR signaling pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.
PubMed:
ANTI-AMEBIC ACTIVITY OF DIOSGENIN ON NAEGLERIA FOWLERI TROPHOZOITES.
PubMed:
Antifungal activity of secondary plant metabolites from potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.): Glycoalkaloids and phenolic acids show synergistic effects.
PubMed:
Solanidine and tomatidine trigger scar pruritus.
PubMed:
Antidiabetic effect of total saponins from Polygonatum kingianum in streptozotocin-induced daibetic rats.
PubMed:
The anticancer potential of steroidal saponin, dioscin, isolated from wild yam (Dioscorea villosa) root extract in invasive human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro.
PubMed:
Transmembrane transport of steviol glucuronide and its potential interaction with selected drugs and natural compounds.
PubMed:
Microwave-assisted extraction and a new determination method for total steroid saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright.
PubMed:
Dioscin Derived from Solanum melongena L. "Usukawamarunasu" Attenuates α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in B16 Murine Melanoma Cells via Downregulation of Phospho-CREB and MITF.
PubMed:
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Effects and Phenolic Profile of Lycium barbarum L. Flowers.
PubMed:
Recovery of steroidal alkaloids from potato peels using pressurized liquid extraction.
PubMed:
Dioscin and methylprotodioscin isolated from the root of Asparagus cochinchinensis suppressed the gene expression and production of airway MUC5AC mucin induced by phorbol ester and growth factor.
PubMed:
New steroidal saponins and antiulcer activity from Solanum paniculatum L.
PubMed:
Diosgenin reorganises hyperglycaemia and distorted tissue lipid profile in high-fat diet-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
PubMed:
Yamogenin in fenugreek inhibits lipid accumulation through the suppression of gene expression in fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes.
PubMed:
Effects of Jamaican bitter yam (Dioscorea polygonoides) and diosgenin on blood and fecal cholesterol in rats.
PubMed:
Rapid metabolic discrimination and prediction of dioscin content from African yam tubers using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis.
PubMed:
Polyphyllin D induces apoptosis in U87 human glioma cells through the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathway.
PubMed:
The effects of diosgenin in the regulation of renal proximal tubular fibrosis.
PubMed:
A new source of elemol rich essential oil and existence of multicellular oil glands in leaves of the Dioscorea species.
PubMed:
Dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, induces apoptosis and DNA damage through reactive oxygen species: a potential new drug for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme.
PubMed:
Anti-inflammatory effects of 27 selected terpenoid compounds tested through modulating Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion profiles using murine primary splenocytes.
PubMed:
Anti-cancer effects of dioscin on three kinds of human lung cancer cell lines through inducing DNA damage and activating mitochondrial signal pathway.
PubMed:
Anti-inflammatory properties of potato glycoalkaloids in stimulated Jurkat and Raw 264.7 mouse macrophages.
PubMed:
Influence of different particle processing on hypocholesterolemic and antiatherogenic activities of yam (Dioscorea pseudojaponica) in cholesterol-fed rabbit model.
PubMed:
Preparation of nano/submicrometer yam and its benefits on collagen secretion from skin fibroblast cells.
PubMed:
Structural and Sensory Characterization of Bitter Tasting Steroidal Saponins from Asparagus Spears (Asparagus officinalis L.).
PubMed:
Dioscin: a synergistic tyrosinase inhibitor from the roots of Smilax china.
PubMed:
Prebiotic effect of diosgenin, an immunoactive steroidal sapogenin of the Chinese yam.
PubMed:
In vitro propagation of Dioscorea alata var. purpurae.
PubMed:
A 90-day subchronic toxicological assessment of dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed:
Targeting inflammatory pathways by triterpenoids for prevention and treatment of cancer.
PubMed:
Relative feeding and development of armyworm on switchgrass and corn, and its potential effects on switchgrass grown for biomass.
PubMed:
Osteoprotective effect of Monascus-fermented dioscorea in ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
PubMed:
Development of a rapid HPLC-UV method for simultaneous quantification of protodioscin and rutin in white and green asparagus spears.
PubMed:
Diosgenin suppresses hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by down-regulation of Mdm2 and vimentin.
PubMed:
Effect of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. (yam) supplementation on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of yogurt.
PubMed:
Chemoprevention of azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced mouse colon carcinogenesis by freeze-dried yam sanyaku and its constituent diosgenin.
PubMed:
Diosgenin stimulates osteogenic activity by increasing bone matrix protein synthesis and bone-specific transcription factor Runx2 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
PubMed:
Plant-derived bioactive compounds produced by endophytic fungi.
PubMed:
Diosgenin, the main aglycon of fenugreek, inhibits LXRα activity in HepG2 cells and decreases plasma and hepatic triglycerides in obese diabetic mice.
PubMed:
Top 10 botanical ingredients in 2010 anti-aging creams.
PubMed:
Biochemical monitoring in fenugreek to develop functional food and medicinal plant variants.
PubMed:
Diosgenin present in fenugreek improves glucose metabolism by promoting adipocyte differentiation and inhibiting inflammation in adipose tissues.
PubMed:
Antihyperlipidemic effect of protodioscin, an active ingredient isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea nipponica.
PubMed:
Diosgenin, a plant-derived sapogenin, enhances regulatory T-cell immunity in the intestine of mice with food allergy.
PubMed:
Diosgenin attenuates inflammatory changes in the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages.
PubMed:
Novel effects of diosgenin on skin aging.
PubMed:
Diosgenin attenuates allergen-induced intestinal inflammation and IgE production in a murine model of food allergy.
PubMed:
Diosgenin stimulation of fecal cholesterol excretion in mice is not NPC1L1 dependent.
PubMed:
Cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of diosgenin, a food saponin.
PubMed:
Distribution of glycoalkaloids in potato tubers of 59 accessions of two wild and five cultivated Solanum species.
PubMed:
Potential of spice-derived phytochemicals for cancer prevention.
PubMed:
Antioxidative and hypolipidemic effects of diosgenin, a steroidal saponin of yam (Dioscorea spp.), on high-cholesterol fed rats.
PubMed:
Diosgenin, a naturally occurring steroid [corrected] saponin suppresses 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase expression and induces apoptosis in HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells.
PubMed:
Biological activities and syntheses of steroidal saponins: the shark-repelling pavoninins.
PubMed:
Diosgenin contents and DNA fingerprint screening of various yam (Dioscorea sp.) genotypes.
PubMed:
Effects of domestic processing on steroidal saponins in Taiwanese yam cultivar (Dioscorea pseudojaponica Yamamoto).
PubMed:
Effect of ethanol extract of dried Chinese yam (Dioscorea batatas) flour containing dioscin on gastrointestinal function in rat model.
PubMed:
Molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer.
PubMed:
Purification and characterization of dioscin-alpha-L-rhamnosidase from pig liver.
PubMed:
Hypoglycemic effects of steroidal sapogenins isolated from Jamaican bitter yam, Dioscorea polygonoides.
PubMed:
Final report of the amended safety assessment of Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) root extract.
PubMed:
Synthesis of bidesmosidic dihydrodiosgenin saponins bearing a 3-O-beta-chacotriosyl moiety.
PubMed:
Isolation and identification of steroidal saponins in Taiwanese yam cultivar (Dioscorea pseudojaponica Yamamoto).
PubMed:
Quantification of protodioscin and rutin in asparagus shoots by LC/MS and HPLC methods.
PubMed:
Anti-obesity effect of Dioscorea nipponica Makino with lipase-inhibitory activity in rodents.
PubMed:
The effects of sustained delivery of diosgenin on the adrenal gland of female rats.
PubMed:
Solanidine hydrolytic extraction and separation from the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) vines by using solid-liquid-liquid systems.
PubMed:
[Screening of steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Lilium brownii var. colchesteri by combination of high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and electron impact mass spectrometry].
PubMed:
Effect of feeding solanidine, solasodine and tomatidine to non-pregnant and pregnant mice.
PubMed:
In vitro effect of fenugreek extracts on intestinal sodium-dependent glucose uptake and hepatic glycogen phosphorylase A.
PubMed:
Variation in diosgenin levels among 10 accessions of fenugreek seeds produced in western Canada.
PubMed:
Microdetermination of diosgenin from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds.
PubMed:
Selected herbals and human exercise performance.
PubMed:
A capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence method for analysis of potato glycoalkaloids based on a solution-phase immunoassay. 1. Separation and quantification of immunoassay products.
PubMed:
Determination of solanidine- and tomatidine-type glycoalkaloid aglycons by gas Chromatography/Mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices.
PubMed:
Dietary diosgenin attenuates subacute intestinal inflammation associated with indomethacin in rats.
PubMed:
Feeding of potato, tomato and eggplant alkaloids affects food consumption and body and liver weights in mice.
PubMed:
A preliminary assessment of the toxic and mutagenic potential of steroidal alkaloids in transgenic mice.
PubMed:
Steroid research at Syntex: "the pill" and cortisone.
PubMed:
Absence of genotoxicity of potato alkaloids alpha-chaconine, alpha-solanine and solanidine in the Ames Salmonella and adult and foetal erythrocyte micronucleus assays.
PubMed:
Developmental toxicology of potato alkaloids in the frog embryo teratogenesis assay--Xenopus (FETAX).
PubMed:
Hepatic ornithine decarboxylase induction by potato glycoalkaloids in rats.
PubMed:
Measurement of potato steroidal alkaloids in human serum and saliva by radioimmunoassay.
PubMed:
The day of the yam.
PubMed:
Determination of solanidine in human plasma by radioimmunoassay.
PubMed:
Potato glycoalkaloids.
PubMed:
Effect of food toxicants on voluntary wheel running in rats.