Identification

Namerue herb
IUPACruta graveolens
CAS Number977051-88-9
FDA UNIISearch

Regulatory

FEMA Number2994
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)977051-88-9 ; RUE (RUTA GRAVEOLENS L.)
FDA RegulationFDA PART 184 -- DIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE

Physical Properties

Food Chemicals Codex Listed No

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Strength low
Odor Description at 100.00 %.

Safety Information

Oral/Parenteral ToxicityNot determined
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryspices, other natural seasonings and flavorings
Recommendation for rue herb usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
baked goods-
beverages(nonalcoholic)-
beverages(alcoholic)-
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum-
condiments / relishes-
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy-
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings-
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy-
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy-
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

No supplier data available

Potential Uses

None Found

Natural Occurrence

rue

Synonyms

herb-of-grace ruta graveolens ruta hortensis PubMed: Open-label uncontrolled pilot study to evaluate complementary therapy with Ruta graveolens 9c in patients with advanced cancer. PubMed: 2-Oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in the biosynthesis of simple coumarins. PubMed: Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the leaf methanol extract of Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) in mice and rats. PubMed: Antileishmanial activity of medicinal plants used in endemic areas in northeastern Brazil. PubMed: Discrete nanoparticles of ruta graveolens induces the bacterial and fungal biofilm inhibition. PubMed: Garden rue inhibits the arachidonic acid pathway, scavenges free radicals, and elevates FRAP: role in inflammation. PubMed: New quinoline alkaloid from Ruta graveolens aerial parts and evaluation of the antifertility activity. PubMed: Evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of CAM therapies: an in vitro study in normal kidney cell lines. PubMed: Potential therapeutic use of herbal extracts in trypanosomiasis. PubMed: A coumarin-specific prenyltransferase catalyzes the crucial biosynthetic reaction for furanocoumarin formation in parsley. PubMed: Graveoline isolated from ethanolic extract of Ruta graveolens triggers apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells: a novel apoptosis-independent autophagic signaling pathway. PubMed: [The fatty acid composition of Ruta graveolens seed oil and its byological activity]. PubMed: Anti-proliferative effects of homeopathic medicines on human kidney, colon and breast cancer cells. PubMed: Identification and field evaluation of non-host volatiles disturbing host location by the tea geometrid, Ectropis obliqua. PubMed: Oral administration of alkaloid fraction from Ruta graveolens inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. PubMed: Identity and pharmacognosy of Ruta graveolens Linn. PubMed: Bioactivity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: Nematotoxics from essential oils, essential oils fractions and decoction waters. PubMed: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from four Ruta species growing in Algeria. PubMed: Anti-inflammatory effect of quinoline alkaloid skimmianine isolated from Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: From traditional European medicine to discovery of new drug candidates for the treatment of dementia and Alzheimer's disease: acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. PubMed: CYP98A22, a phenolic ester 3'-hydroxylase specialized in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, as a new tool for enhancing the furanocoumarin concentration in Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Effect of polyamines on shoot multiplication and furanocoumarin production in Ruta graveolens cultures. PubMed: Up and down: stamen movements in Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae) enhance both outcrossing and delayed selfing. PubMed: Medicinal plants used in the Huasteca Potosina, México. PubMed: Anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects of selected Pakistani medicinal plants in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells. PubMed: [Cloning, expression and functional identification of a type III polyketide synthase gene from Huperzia serrata]. PubMed: Antidiabetic and cytotoxicity screening of five medicinal plants used by traditional African health practitioners in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, South Africa. PubMed: Acute Effects of Ruta graveolens L. on Sperm Parameters and DNA Integrity in Rats. PubMed: A 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase from Ruta graveolens L. exhibits p-coumaroyl CoA 2'-hydroxylase activity (C2'H): a missing step in the synthesis of umbelliferone in plants. PubMed: Molecular authentication of the medicinal herb Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae) and an adulterant using nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers. PubMed: Floral ontogeny of Ruteae (Rutaceae) and its systematic implications. PubMed: Plant extracts to control Alternaria alternata in Murcott tangor fruits. PubMed: [Effects of ruta SSP on the activity of the smooth gastrointestinal muscle isolated of rat]. PubMed: Ruta graveolens extract induces DNA damage pathways and blocks Akt activation to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and survival. PubMed: Consensus of local knowledge on medicinal plants among traditional healers in Mayiladumparai block of Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India. PubMed: Ruta graveolens L. toxicity in Vampirolepis nana infected mice. PubMed: Bioprocess optimization of furanocoumarin elicitation by medium renewal and re-elicitation: a perfusion-based approach. PubMed: Medicinal plants with bioprospecting potential used in semi-arid northeastern Brazil. PubMed: Screening of traditional European herbal medicines for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. PubMed: Inhibitory effect of Ruta graveolens L. on oxidative damage, inflammation and aortic pathology in hypercholesteromic rats. PubMed: Free phenolic acids in Ruta graveolens L. in vitro culture. PubMed: Repellent activity of plant-derived compounds against Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs. PubMed: Protective effects of isolated polyphenolic and alkaloid fractions of Ruta graveolens L. on acute and chronic models of inflammation. PubMed: Furanocoumarins: novel topoisomerase I inhibitors from Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Cell cycle analysis and cytotoxic potential of Ruta graveolens against human tumor cell lines. PubMed: Phytophotodermatitis due to Ruta graveolens prescribed for fibromyalgia. PubMed: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Clastogenic potential of Ruta graveolens extract and a homeopathic preparation in mouse bone marrow cells. PubMed: Methanolic extract of Ruta graveolens L. inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress in adjuvant induced model of arthritis in rats. PubMed: In silico target fishing for rationalized ligand discovery exemplified on constituents of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Extraction of antioxidants from plants using ultrasonic methods and their antioxidant capacity. PubMed: 4-Phenoxybutoxy-substituted heterocycles--a structure-activity relationship study of blockers of the lymphocyte potassium channel Kv1.3. PubMed: Review on plants with CNS-effects used in traditional South African medicine against mental diseases. PubMed: Novel technique for scaling up of micropropagated Ruta graveolens shoots using liquid culture systems: a step towards commercialization. PubMed: In vitro antimicrobial activity of plants in Acute Otitis Externa. PubMed: Unusually divergent 4-coumarate:CoA-ligases from Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Prolongation of AV nodal refractoriness by Ruta graveolens in isolated rat hearts. Potential role as an anti-arrhythmic agent. PubMed: Continuity and change in the Mediterranean medical tradition: Ruta spp. (rutaceae) in Hippocratic medicine and present practices. PubMed: Effect of homeopathy on analgesic intake following knee ligament reconstruction: a phase III monocentre randomized placebo controlled study. PubMed: Application of chitin and chitosan as elicitors of coumarins and fluoroquinolone alkaloids in Ruta graveolens L. (common rue). PubMed: Effect of homeopathic medicines on transplanted tumors in mice. PubMed: Identification of Ruta graveolens L. metabolites accumulated in the presence of abiotic elicitors. PubMed: The ecological aspect of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology of population in Bosnia and Herzegovina. PubMed: Immobilization effect of Ruta graveolens L. on human sperm: a new hope for male contraception. PubMed: Anthranilate N-methyltransferase, a branch-point enzyme of acridone biosynthesis. PubMed: Effective biotic elicitation of Ruta graveolens L. shoot cultures by lysates from Pectobacterium atrosepticum and Bacillus sp. PubMed: Herb of grace: an unusual cause of phytophotodermatitis mimicking burn injury. PubMed: Ethnoveterinary medicines used to treat endoparasites and stomach problems in pigs and pets in British Columbia, Canada. PubMed: Effect of Ruta graveolens and Cannabis sativa alcoholic extract on spermatogenesis in the adult wistar male rats. PubMed: Compounds from Ageratum conyzoides: isolation, structural elucidation and insecticidal activity. PubMed: Ruta Graveolens intoxication. PubMed: Ethnomedicines used in Trinidad and Tobago for reproductive problems. PubMed: The combined effect of two aqueous extracts on the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis, in vitro. PubMed: Rue the herb: Ruta graveolens--associated phytophototoxicity. PubMed: Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-inducible nitric oxide synthase and IL-1beta through suppression of NF-kappaB activation by 3-(1'-1'-dimethyl-allyl)-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-coumarin isolated from Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: An acridone-producing novel multifunctional type III polyketide synthase from Huperzia serrata. PubMed: Investigation of cytotoxic activity on human cancer cell lines of arborinine and furanoacridones isolated from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Anti-tumour activity of Ruta graveolens extract. PubMed: Fifth instar experience reduces aversiveness of the plant extract ruda (Ruta Graveolens) in the adult triatomine Rhodnius prolixus Stal 1859. PubMed: Inhibitory effects of Ruta graveolens L. extract on guinea pig liver aldehyde oxidase. PubMed: Antiandrogenic activity of Ruta graveolens L in male Albino rats with emphasis on sexual and aggressive behavior. PubMed: Screening of plants used in Danish folk medicine to treat memory dysfunction for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. PubMed: Algicidal and antifungal compounds from the roots of Ruta graveolens and synthesis of their analogs. PubMed: Anti-inflammatory effect of Ruta graveolens L. in murine macrophage cells. PubMed: Medicinal plant use in the Bredasdorp/Elim region of the Southern Overberg in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. PubMed: Accumulation of biologically active furanocoumarins in agitated cultures of Ruta graveolens L. and Ruta graveolens ssp. divaricata (Tenore) Gams. PubMed: Unusual pseudosubstrate specificity of a novel 3,5-dimethoxyphenol O-methyltransferase cloned from Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Accumulation of biologically active furanocoumarins in Ruta graveolens ssp. divaricata (Tenore) Gams in vitro culture. PubMed: Starter substrate specificities of wild-type and mutant polyketide synthases from Rutaceae. PubMed: Effect of Ruta graveolens L. on pregnant mice. PubMed: Volatile components of some Rutaceae species. PubMed: Phytotoxins from the leaves of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Specific accumulation and revised structures of acridone alkaloid glucosides in the tips of transformed roots of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Furanocoumarin biosynthesis in Ammi majus L. Cloning of bergaptol O-methyltransferase. PubMed: Cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase mechanism-based inactivation by psoralen derivatives: cloning and characterization of a C4H from a psoralen producing plant-Ruta graveolens-exhibiting low sensitivity to psoralen inactivation. PubMed: Ruta graveolens aqueous extract retards mouse preimplantation embryo development. PubMed: Ruta 6 selectively induces cell death in brain cancer cells but proliferation in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes: A novel treatment for human brain cancer. PubMed: Evaluating companion planting and non-host masking odors for protecting roses from the Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). PubMed: Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid. PubMed: Effect of Ruta graveolens L. and Euphorbia peplus L. anti-inflammatory extracts on nutritional status of rats and the safety of their use. PubMed: Antibacterial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in Asia. PubMed: Potential allelochemicals from the essential oil of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Preliminary observations on experimental Ruta graveolens toxicosis in Nubian goats. PubMed: Biological effects of rutin on the survival of Escherichia coli AB1157 and on the electrophoretic mobility of plasmid PUC 9.1 DNA. PubMed: Transformation of acridone synthase to chalcone synthase. PubMed: Comparative study of the assay of Artemia salina L. and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (LD50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts. PubMed: [Not Available]. PubMed: Characterization of rice anthranilate synthase alpha-subunit genes OASA1 and OASA2. Tryptophan accumulation in transgenic rice expressing a feedback-insensitive mutant of OASA1. PubMed: Water-soluble glycosides from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Intracranial cysticercosis: an effective treatment with alternative medicines. PubMed: In vitro anti-mycotic activity of some medicinal plants containing flavonoids. PubMed: Specificities of functionally expressed chalcone and acridone synthases from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of some coumarin containing herbal plants growing in Finland. PubMed: High-resolution gas-chromatographic analysis of the secondary metabolites obtained by subcritical-fluid extraction from Colombian rue (Ruta graveolens L.). PubMed: A bioassay using Artemia salina for detecting phototoxicity of plant coumarins. PubMed: Traditional antihelmintic, antiparasitic and repellent uses of plants in Central Italy. PubMed: Phytophotodermatitis due to Ruta graveolens applied as protection against evil spells. PubMed: Enhancement of the nerve growth factor-mediated neurite outgrowth from PC12D cells by Chinese and Paraguayan medicinal plants. PubMed: [Bullous phototoxic contact dermatitis caused by Ruta graveolens L. (garden rue), Rutaceae. Case report and review of literature]. PubMed: Native acridone synthases I and II from Ruta graveolens L. form homodimers. PubMed: Saprophytic and cycloheximide resistant fungi isolated from golden hamster. PubMed: Differential regulation and distribution of acridone synthase in Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of some Jordanian medicinal plant extracts. PubMed: The cardiovascular effects of green beans (Phaseolus aureus), common rue (Ruta graveolens), and kelp (Laminaria japonica) in rats. PubMed: Anthranilate synthase from Ruta graveolens. Duplicated AS alpha genes encode tryptophan-sensitive and tryptophan-insensitive isoenzymes specific to amino acid and alkaloid biosynthesis. PubMed: In vitro cytotoxic effect of some medicinal plants containing flavonoids. PubMed: Purification and cDNA cloning of anthranilate synthase from Ruta graveolens: modes of expression and properties of native and recombinant enzymes. PubMed: Molecular cloning and heterologous expression of acridone synthase from elicited Ruta graveolens L. cell suspension cultures. PubMed: Purification and properties of acridone synthase from cell suspension cultures of Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Inhibitory effects of furocoumarins in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 on the mutagenicity of dictamnine and rutacridone, promutagens from Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Post-coital antifertility action of Ruta graveolens in female rats and hamsters. PubMed: Effects of some potassium channel blockers on the ionic currents in myelinated nerve. PubMed: Gravacridondiolacetate, A New Dihydrofuroacridone Alkaloid from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Isogravacridonchlorine: a potent and direct acting frameshift mutagen from the roots of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Dermatitis-inducing furanocoumarins on leaf surfaces of eight species of Rutaceous and Umbelliferous plants. PubMed: Mutagenic compounds in an extract from Rutae Herba (Ruta graveolens L.). II. UV-A mediated mutagenicity in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by furoquinoline alkaloids and furocoumarins present in a commercial tincture from Rutae Herba. PubMed: Antifertility principle of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Naphthoherniarin: an unusual coumarin derivative from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Mutagenicity testing of rutacridone epoxide and rutacridone, alkaloids in Ruta graveolens L., using the Salmonella/microsome assay. PubMed: Elicitor Induced Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Suspension-Cultured Cells of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Determination of Furanocoumarins on the Leaf Surface of Ruta graveolens with an Improved Extraction Technique. PubMed: Effect of heavy metals on the growth of tissue cultures (II). PubMed: Mutagenic compounds in an extract from rutae herba (Ruta graveolens L.). I. Mutagenicity is partially caused by furoquinoline alkaloids. PubMed: Biotransformation of a [14CH3]-2-Methylaminobenzophenone by Plant Cell Cultures. PubMed: New Furoacridone Alkaloids from Tissue Culture of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Anti-implantation activity of some indigenous plants in rats. PubMed: Elicitor-Induced Accumulation of Acridone Alkaloid Epoxides in Ruta graveolens Suspension Cultures. PubMed: N-Methylation of Anthranilic Acid to N-Methylanthranilic Acid by Cell-free Extracts of Ruta graveolens Tissue Cultures. PubMed: Biosynthesis of rutacridone: the N-methylation step. PubMed: Phytophotodermatitis due to Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Phytophotodermatitis due to common rue (Ruta graveolens). PubMed: [Studies on Ruta graveolens ssp. divaricata]. PubMed: [Rutacridonepoxide in Suspensionskulturen von Ruta graveolens. Einfluss von Elicitoren und Mischkultur mit Hefen.] PubMed: New Alkaloids from Haplophyllum glabrinum and Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Biosynthesis of rutacridone in tissue cultures of Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Antimicrobial substances in callus cultures of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: Action of Phytohormones and Fungal Infections on the Content of Antimicrobial Acridone Alkaloid Epoxides in Callus Cultures of Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: Effect of secondary substances isolated from the Ruta graveolens L. on the coronary smooth muscle. PubMed: Plants used as abortifacients and emmenagogues by Spanish New Mexicans. PubMed: Affinity chromatography of Ruta graveolens L. O-methyltransferases. Studies demonstrating the potential of the technique in the mechanistic investigation of O-methyltransferases. PubMed: Separation of the S-adenosylmethionine: 5- and 8-hydroxyfuranocoumarin O-methyltransferases of Ruta graveolens L. by general ligand affinity chromatography. PubMed: Affinity chromatography on immobilized S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. Purification of a furanocoumarin O-methyltransferase from cell cultures of Ruta graveolens L. PubMed: [Coumarins and alkaloids from root tissue cultures from Ruta graveolens L. ssp. hortensis (Mill)]. PubMed: The biosynthesis of isopimpinellin. PubMed: Localization,purification,and characterization of dimethylallylpyrophosphate:umbelliferone dimethylallythransferase from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: [Fluorescence microscopic investigations on the localisation of acridone alkaloids in the organs of Ruta graveolens (author's transl)]. PubMed: [The volatile oil of tissue cultures of Ruta graveolens L. I. The composition of the coil (author's transl)]. PubMed: Isolation of dimethylallylpyrophosphate: umbelliferone dimethylally transferase from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: [Isolation of coumarin glycosides from tissue culture of Ruta graveolens]. PubMed: [Criminal abortion using ruta roots (Ruta graveolens L.)]. PubMed: Biosynthesis of furocoumarins: further studies on Ruta graveolens. PubMed: [Acridine-alkaloids from callus cultures of Ruta graveolens L]. PubMed: [Volatile oil from Ruta graveolens L. II. Geijerene, principle component of the root oil]. PubMed: Ethylene production by plant cell cultures: the effect of auxins, abscisic Acid, and kinetin on ethylene production in suspension cultures of rose and ruta cells. PubMed: Ethylene Production by Plant Cell Cultures: Variations in Production during Growing Cycle and in Different Plant Species. PubMed: Isolation and identification of xanthotoxin from the underground parts of Ruta graveolens. PubMed: [Autotrophic tissue cultures of Ruta graveolens and their (14)CO 2-labelled products]. PubMed: [The essential oil of Ruta graveolens L. I]. PubMed: [Lignanes of roots of Ruta graveolens: helioxnathine]. PubMed: [Quinoline-alkaloids from Ruta graveolens L. 24. N-methylplatydesminium and ribalinidin]. PubMed: [On the coumarins of roots of Ruta graveolens. Xanthyletin and (-)-byak-angelicin]. PubMed: [A new alkaloid-type from Ruta graveolens]. PubMed: [On further C3-substituted coumarin-derivatives from Ruta graveolens: daphnoretin and daphnoretin-methylether]. PubMed: [3-(3-1',1'-dimethylallyl)-6-(3',3'-dimethylallyl)-umbelliferone (gravelliferone) from the roots of Ruta graveolens]. PubMed: [Alkaloids from Ruta angustifolia Pers., Ruta chalepensis L., Ruta graveolens L. and Ruta montana Mill]. PubMed: [Quaternary alkaloids from Ruta graveolens L]. PubMed: [On the tissue cultures of Ruta graveolens]. PubMed: Rutacridone from Ruta graveolens. PubMed: [Isolation of some effective substance from the herb of Ruta graveolens L]. PubMed: [Studies of the active substances of Ruta graveolens L. IV]. PubMed: [Rutamarin, coumarin derivative of Ruta graveolens]. PubMed: [Rutaretine, a new furocoumarin from Ruta graveolens L]. PubMed: [Studies of the hormones of the Ruta graveolens 3]. PubMed: [Contributions on the knowledge of the active substances in Ruta graveolens L]. PubMed: [New contents in Ruta graveolens L. 3. Studies in the field of the chemistry of natural substances]. PubMed: [Pharmacological findings on alkaloids from Ruta graveolens L]. PubMed: [Isolation of gamma-Eagarine from Ruta graveolens L]. PubMed: [THE ISOLATION OF ADDITIONAL SPASMOLYTIC SUBSTANCES FROM RUTA GRAVEOLENS L]. PubMed: [CRYSTALLINE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS OF RUTA GRAVEOLENS]. PubMed: [THE DISTRIBUTION OF ALKALOIDS IN RUTA GRAVEOLENS L]. PubMed: [PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF A NEW ACTIVE FACTOR IN RUTA GRAVEOLENS]. PubMed: [Investigations on the content of oil in various organs of Ruta graveolens L. subsp. hortensis (Miller) Gams. during 1 year of its growth]. PubMed: [Leaf extracts of Ruta graveolens L., factors in the in vitro growth of fragments of Helanthus tuberosus L. tubercles]. PubMed: [Experimental phenocopies induced in Ruta graveolens: comparison with various genera of Rutaceae and more or less closely related families]. PubMed: [Effect of genetic & climatic factors on the secondary biosynthesis of common rue (Ruta graveolens)]. PubMed: [Study on the role of physical factors in dermatitis caused by Ruta graveolens]. PubMed: [Multiple bullous dermatitis caused by contact with Ruta graveolens as an occupational disease]. PubMed: [Ruta graveolens (rue); an example of multiple effects of medicinal plants]. PubMed: [Pharmacognostic study of rue leaf (Ruta graveolens) its principle components; rutoside and essence].