2-oxobutyric acid

2-keto butanoic acid 2-oxo butanoic acid 2-oxo- butanoic acid butanoic acid, 2-oxo- a-keto butric acid 2-keto butyric acid 2-keto-N- butyric acid 2-oxo- butyric acid 2-oxo-n- butyric acid a-keto butyric acid a-keto-n- butyric acid a-oxo butyric acid a-oxo-n- butyric acid alpha-keto butyric acid alpha-oxo-N- butyric acid butyric acid, 2-oxo- 2-oxo butyricacid a-keto butyricacid formic acid, propionyl- 3- methyl pyruvic acid methyl-pyruvic acid 3- methylpyruvic acid propionyl formic acid propionylformic acid pyruvic acid, methyl- PubMed: [Screening and identification of an endophytic bacterium with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity from Panax ginseng and its effect on host growth]. PubMed: Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens sp. nov., a urolithin-producing bacterium isolated from the human gut. PubMed: Crystal structures of human CtBP in complex with substrate MTOB reveal active site features useful for inhibitor design. PubMed: A QM/MM study on the reaction pathway leading to 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate in the catalytic cycle of AHAS. PubMed: Molecular evolution of threonine dehydratase in bacteria. PubMed: A one-pot system for production of L-2-aminobutyric acid from L-threonine by L-threonine deaminase and a NADH-regeneration system based on L-leucine dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase. PubMed: Highly stereoselective biosynthesis of (R)-α-hydroxy carboxylic acids through rationally re-designed mutation of D-lactate dehydrogenase. PubMed: Conserved pyridoxal protein that regulates Ile and Val metabolism. PubMed: Effect of amino acids on the formation of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in creatinine/phenylalanine and creatinine/phenylalanine/4-oxo-2-nonenal reaction mixtures. PubMed: C-terminal binding proteins are essential pro-survival factors that undergo caspase-dependent downregulation during neuronal apoptosis. PubMed: Enhancing (L)-isoleucine production by thrABC overexpression combined with alaT deletion in Corynebacterium glutamicum. PubMed: BRCA1 expression is epigenetically repressed in sporadic ovarian cancer cells by overexpression of C-terminal binding protein 2. PubMed: Determination of α-keto acids in pork meat and Iberian ham via tandem mass spectrometry. PubMed: Synergy as design principle for metabolic engineering of 1-propanol production in Escherichia coli. PubMed: Microbial Community-Level Physiological Profiles (CLPP) and herbicide mineralization potential in groundwater affected by agricultural land use. PubMed: Efficient bioconversion of l-threonine to 2-oxobutyrate using whole cells of Pseudomonas stutzeri SDM. PubMed: Isolation of Rhizobacteria from Jatropha curcas and characterization of produced ACC deaminase. PubMed: Variability of Escherichia coli O157 strain survival in manure-amended soil in relation to strain origin, virulence profile, and carbon nutrition profile. PubMed: Effects of gamma-ray-induced free radicals on the metal content and amino acid composition of human metallothionein-1. PubMed: Asymmetric formal [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of isocyanoesters to 2-oxobutenoate esters by a multifunctional chiral silver catalyst. PubMed: Kinetic resolution of 2-hydroxybutanoate racemic mixtures by NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase. PubMed: Mechanistic studies of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase: characterization of an unusual pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent reaction. PubMed: Biosynthesis of chiral 3-hydroxyvalerate from single propionate-unrelated carbon sources in metabolically engineered E. coli. PubMed: Three-component assembly and divergent ring-expansion cascades of functionalized 2-iminooxetanes. PubMed: Therapeutic targeting of C-terminal binding protein in human cancer. PubMed: Cloning and characterisation of a cystathionine β/γ-lyase from two Oenococcus oeni oenological strains. PubMed: Exploring methionine γ-lyase structure-function relationship via microspectrophotometry and X-ray crystallography. PubMed: Expanding metabolism for total biosynthesis of the nonnatural amino acid L-homoalanine. PubMed: Characterization of ACC deaminase gene in Pseudomonas entomophila strain PS-PJH isolated from the rhizosphere soil. PubMed: Efficient production of 2-oxobutyrate from 2-hydroxybutyrate by using whole cells of Pseudomonas stutzeri strain SDM. PubMed: Site-directed mutagenesis on human cystathionine-gamma-lyase reveals insights into the modulation of H2S production. PubMed: Transaminase-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of L-2-aminobutyric acid from achiral reactants. PubMed: Acetohydroxyacid synthase, a novel target for improvement of L-lysine production by Corynebacterium glutamicum. PubMed: Directed evolution of Methanococcus jannaschii citramalate synthase for biosynthesis of 1-propanol and 1-butanol by Escherichia coli. PubMed: Identification of a methioninase inhibitor, myrsinoic acid B, from Myrsine seguinii Lév., and its inhibitory activities. PubMed: Direct methods and residue type specific isotope labeling in NMR structure determination and model-driven sequential assignment. PubMed: Isothermal titration microcalorimetry reveals the cooperative and noncompetitive nature of inhibition of Sinorhizobium meliloti L5-30 dihydrodipicolinate synthase by (S)-lysine. PubMed: [Overproduction of noncanonical amino acids by Escherichia coli cells]. PubMed: Elucidation of an alternate isoleucine biosynthesis pathway in Geobacter sulfurreducens. PubMed: Production of the apoptotic cellular mediator 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutyric acid by using an enzymatic stirred tank reactor with in situ product removal. PubMed: SanM catalyzes the formation of 4-pyridyl-2-oxo-4-hydroxyisovalerate in nikkomycin biosynthesis by interacting with SanN. PubMed: Perspectives of bacterial ACC deaminase in phytoremediation. PubMed: A novel strategy for enzymatic synthesis of 4-hydroxyisoleucine: identification of an enzyme possessing HMKP (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-keto-pentanoate) aldolase activity. PubMed: The crystal structure of Escherichia coli TdcF, a member of the highly conserved YjgF/YER057c/UK114 family. PubMed: Bacillus decisifrondis sp. nov., isolated from soil underlying decaying leaf foliage. PubMed: Enzymology and evolution of the pyruvate pathway to 2-oxobutyrate in Methanocaldococcus jannaschii. PubMed: Silencing threonine deaminase and JAR4 in Nicotiana attenuata impairs jasmonic acid-isoleucine-mediated defenses against Manduca sexta. PubMed: Evidence for distinct L-methionine catabolic pathways in the yeast Geotrichum candidum and the bacterium Brevibacterium linens. PubMed: Accumulation of homolanthionine and activation of a novel pathway for isoleucine biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum McbR deletion strains. PubMed: Functional analysis of all aminotransferase proteins inferred from the genome sequence of Corynebacterium glutamicum. PubMed: Crystallization and some properties of D-lactate dehydrogenase from Staphylococcus sp. LDH-1. PubMed: Involvement of a branched-chain aminotransferase in production of volatile sulfur compounds in Yarrowia lipolytica. PubMed: The mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase (AtBCAT-1) is capable to initiate degradation of leucine, isoleucine and valine in almost all tissues in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Structural analysis of Pseudomonas 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase complexes: insight into the mechanism of a unique pyridoxal-5'-phosphate dependent cyclopropane ring-opening reaction. PubMed: Transcarboxylase 5S structures: assembly and catalytic mechanism of a multienzyme complex subunit. PubMed: Assay method for antitumor L-methionine gamma-lyase: comprehensive kinetic analysis of the complex reaction with L-methionine. PubMed: Role of a conserved arginine in the mechanism of acetohydroxyacid synthase: catalysis of condensation with a specific ketoacid substrate. PubMed: Reduced transaminase B (IlvE) activity caused by the lack of yjgF is dependent on the status of threonine deaminase (IlvA) in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. PubMed: Effect of alpha-ketobutyrate on microvascular thickness in the diabetic rat kidney. PubMed: Catabolism of volatile sulfur compounds precursors by Brevibacterium linens and Geotrichum candidum, two microorganisms of the cheese ecosystem. PubMed: Detection of carboxylic acids and inhibition of hippuric acid formation in rats treated with 3-butene-1,2-diol, a major metabolite of 1,3-butadiene. PubMed: Dual influence of the carbon source and L-methionine on the synthesis of sulphur compounds in the cheese-ripening yeast Geotrichum candidum. PubMed: A sensitive and robust method for obtaining intermolecular NOEs between side chains in large protein complexes. PubMed: Reaction of 1-amino-2-methylenecyclopropane-1-carboxylate with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase: analysis and mechanistic implications. PubMed: Amino acid catabolism and generation of volatiles by lactic acid bacteria. PubMed: Substrate recognition by 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Sulfolobus sp. strain 7. PubMed: Synthesis of labeled 1-amino-2-methylenecyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, an inactivator of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. PubMed: Sulfur compound production by Geotrichum candidum from L-methionine: importance of the transamination step. PubMed: Contribution of enzymic alpha, gamma-elimination reaction in detoxification pathway of selenomethionine in mouse liver. PubMed: The large scale synthesis of "unnatural" amino acids. PubMed: Conversion of Escherichia coli pyruvate oxidase to an 'alpha-ketobutyrate oxidase'. PubMed: Biochemical and molecular characterization of taurine:pyruvate aminotransferase from the anaerobe Bilophila wadsworthia. PubMed: L-Vinylglycine is an alternative substrate as well as a mechanism-based inhibitor of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase. PubMed: Metabolic and K(ATP) channel-independent actions of keto acid initiators of insulin secretion. PubMed: Engineering of a novel biochemical pathway for the biosynthesis of L-2-aminobutyric acid in Escherichia coli K12. PubMed: Artefactual pyruvate and 2-oxobutyrate produced by trimethylsilylation of methylmalonic and ethylmalonic acids in the presence of oxygen. PubMed: Metabolic engineering of Arabidopsis and Brassica for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) copolymer production. PubMed: Description of Cellulophaga baltica gen. nov., sp. nov. and Cellulophaga fucicola gen. nov., sp. nov. and reclassification of [Cytophaga] lytica to Cellulophaga lytica gen. nov., comb. nov. PubMed: Use of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography to examine methionine catabolism by lactococci. PubMed: Substrate selectivity and biochemical properties of 4-hydroxy-2-keto-pentanoic acid aldolase from Escherichia coli. PubMed: Pyruvate protects neurons against hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity. PubMed: Active site plasticity in D-amino acid oxidase: a crystallographic analysis. PubMed: Oocyte and zygote ketoaldehyde utilisation. PubMed: High resolution 1H NMR investigations of the reactivities of alpha-keto acid anions with hydrogen peroxide. PubMed: Production of heteropolymeric polyhydroxyalkanoate in Escherichia coli from a single carbon source. PubMed: Determination of short-chain aliphatic, oxo- and hydroxy-acids in drinking water at low microgram per liter concentrations. PubMed: Metabolic effects of inhibitors of two enzymes of the branched-chain amino acid pathway in Salmonella typhimurium. PubMed: The effect of three alpha-keto acids on 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase activity. PubMed: In vivo threonine oxidation rate is dependent on threonine dietary supply in growing pigs fed low to adequate levels. PubMed: A spectrophotometric determination of alpha-dicarbonyl compounds and its application to the enzymatic formation of alpha-ketobutyrate. PubMed: Channeling behavior and activity models for Escherichia coli K-12 acetohydroxy acid synthases at physiological substrate levels. PubMed: Threonine dehydratases of Corynebacterium glutamicum with altered allosteric control: their generation and biochemical and structural analysis. PubMed: Methionine transamination--metabolic function and subcellular compartmentation. PubMed: Threonine 246 at the active site of the L-lactate dehydrogenase of Bacillus stearothermophilus is important for catalysis but not for substrate binding. PubMed: The oxygenase reaction of acetolactate synthase. PubMed: Cofactor identification of threonine-serine dehydratase from sheep liver. PubMed: Acetohydroxy acid synthase and threonine deaminase activities, and the biosynthesis of isoleucine-leucine-valine in Streptococcus bovis. PubMed: Alpha-keto acids are novel siderophores in the genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella and are produced by amino acid deaminases. PubMed: A mechanism for valine-resistant growth of Escherichia coli K-12 supported by the valine-sensitive acetohydroxy acid synthase IV activity from ilvJ662. PubMed: Eurystatins A and B, new prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors. II. Physico-chemical properties and structure determination. PubMed: In vivo nephrotoxic action of an isomeric mixture of S-(1-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)glutathione and S-(2-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)glutathione in Fischer-344 rats. PubMed: Physiological implications of the substrate specificities of acetohydroxy acid synthases from varied organisms. PubMed: Leaky pantothenate and thiamin mutations of Salmonella typhimurium conferring suphometuron methyl sensitivity. PubMed: Pleiotropic effects of poxA regulatory mutations of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, mutations conferring sulfometuron methyl and alpha-ketobutyrate hypersensitivity. PubMed: Effects of alpha-ketobutyrate and alpha-hydroxybutyrate on the enzymatic determination of acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. PubMed: Physiological implications of the specificity of acetohydroxy acid synthase isozymes of enteric bacteria. PubMed: Involvement of ack-pta operon products in alpha-ketobutyrate metabolism by Salmonella typhimurium. PubMed: Toxic accumulation of alpha-ketobutyrate caused by inhibition of the branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic enzyme acetolactate synthase in Salmonella typhimurium. PubMed: A method for simultaneous determination of the two possible products of acetohydroxy acid synthase. PubMed: Methionine metabolism in isolated perfused livers from rats fed on zinc-deficient and restricted diets. PubMed: Effect of alpha-ketobutyrate on palmitic acid and pyruvate metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes. PubMed: Effects of organic acids on the synthesis of citrulline by intact rat liver mitochondria. PubMed: The occurrence of 4-methylthio-2-hydroxybutyrate in human urine. PubMed: Sensitivity of a Salmonella typhimurium aspC mutant to sulfometuron methyl, a potent inhibitor of acetolactate synthase II. PubMed: High performance liquid chromatography determination of cystathionase activity in human and rabbit lenses. PubMed: p-Cresol formation by cell-free extracts of Clostridium difficile. PubMed: alpha-Ketobutyrate metabolism in perfused rat liver: regulation of alpha-ketobutyrate decarboxylation and effects of alpha-ketobutyrate on pyruvate dehydrogenase. PubMed: Directed biosynthesis of paulomycin A. The effect of L-methionine, L-threonine and alpha-ketobutyric acid. PubMed: Heat-shock treatment lethal for mammalian cells deprived of glucose and glutamine: protection by alpha-keto acids. PubMed: Biochemical oxygen activation as the basis for the physiological action of tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO). PubMed: Defect in alpha-ketobutyrate metabolism: a new inborn error. PubMed: [Kinetics of uptake of Pherajod by the rabbit eye]. PubMed: Biochemical model reactions for cataract research. PubMed: [The uptake of potassium iodide and its effect as an antioxidant in isolated rabbit eyes]. PubMed: In vivo study of LDH isoenzyme activities in heart, liver and testis cytosols of gossypol-treated rats. PubMed: Synthesis of the isoleucyl- and valyl-tRNA synthetases and the isoleucine-valine biosynthetic enzymes in a threonine deaminase regulatory mutant of Escherichia coli K-12. PubMed: Characterization of alpha-ketobutyrate metabolism in rat tissues: effects of dietary protein and fasting. PubMed: Transaminase inhibitors block glycolysis and G1 to S phase progression in chick embryo fibroblasts: reversal by alpha-keto acids. PubMed: Metabolic alterations mediated by 2-ketobutyrate in Escherichia coli K12. PubMed: Role of 2-ketobutyrate as an alarmone in E. coli K12: inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity mediated by the phosphoenolpyruvate: glycose phosphotransferase transport system. PubMed: Mycoplanecins, novel antimycobacterial antibiotics from Actinoplanes awajinensis subsp. mycoplanecinus subsp. nov. III. Structural determination of mycoplanecin A. PubMed: The structure of the abortive nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-pyruvate-lactate dehydrogenase complex as determined by circular dichroism. PubMed: 2-Ketobutyrate: a putative alarmone of Escherichia coli. PubMed: Metabolic basis for the isoleucine, pantothenate or methionine requirement of ilvG strains of Salmonella typhimurium. PubMed: Effect of pyruvate and its analogs on the thiamine pyrophosphate binding in the active center of muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase. PubMed: Acetohydroxy acid synthase isoenzymes of Escherichia coli K12 and Salmonella typhimurium. PubMed: Mechanistic studies on the pyridoxal phosphate enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase from Pseudomonas sp. PubMed: Conversion of alpha-ketobutyrate to alpha-amino-n-butyric acid by isolated rat liver cells: effect of ethanol. PubMed: A role for threonine deaminase in the regulation of alpha-acetolactate biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K12. PubMed: Properties of alpha-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase isozymes from Trypanosoma cruzi. PubMed: Decrease of intracellular cystine content in cystinotic fibroblasts by inhibitors of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. PubMed: [Estimation of serine- and threonine dehydratase activity of blood serum]. PubMed: A sensitive determination of alpha-keto acids by gas-liquid chromatography and its application to the assay of L-glutamate dehydrogenase and aminotransferases. PubMed: Hydroxyamino acid utilization and alpha-ketobutyrate toxicity in Pseudomonas cepacia. PubMed: Substrate channeling: alpha-ketobutyrate inhibition of acetohydroxy acid synthase in Salmonella typhimurium. PubMed: Beta-hydroxy-alpha-ketobutyric acid in Drosophila melanogaster, with reference to biosynthesis of drosopterins. PubMed: Stereochemistry of the conversions of L-threonine and D-threonine into 2-oxobutanoate by the L-threonine and D-threonine dehydratases of Serratia marcescens. PubMed: Serine sensitivity of Escherichia coli K 12: partial characterization of a serine resistnat mutant that is extremely sensitive to 2-ketobutyrate. PubMed: [Oxidative deamination of beta-methylaspartic acid]. PubMed: Inactivation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase component from pigeon breast muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by alpha-ketobutyric acid. PubMed: Methionine degradation by Pseudomonas fluorescens UK1 and its methionine-utilizing mutant. PubMed: High-speed liquid chromatographic determination of phenylpyruvic acid. PubMed: Sheep liver serine-threonine dehydratase. I. Purification and evidence for covalently linked alpha-ketobutyrate as its cofactor. PubMed: The formation of 2-hydroxybutyric acid in experimental animals. PubMed: beta-Decarboxylation of L-aspartic acid: a metal chelate-catalyzed reaction. PubMed: Neuropharmacological comparison of cystathionine, cysteine, homoserine and alpha-ketobutyric acid in cats. PubMed: A comparative study of the ability of methionine or linolenic acid to act as precursors of ethylene in plant tissues. PubMed: Biosynthesis of ethylene. 4-methylmercapto-2-oxobutyric acid: an intermediate in the formation from methionine. PubMed: On the mechanism of sensitivity to leucine in the case of "leucine sensitive hypoglycemia". II. The hypoglycemic affect of alpha-ketobutyric acid in the case of "leucine sensitive hypoglycemia". PubMed: 2-Oxobutyric acid: effects of its condensation products on lactate dehydrogenase activity. PubMed: Effect of alpha-ketobutyric acid on exytetracycline production in serine-containing medium. PubMed: Alpha-keto acids in vitamin-free casein hydrolyzates (acid). PubMed: Effects of certain thiamine analogs on the enzymatic decarboxylation of alpha-ketobutyric acid. PubMed: alpha-Ketobutyric acid as a product in the enzymatic cleavage of cystathionine. PubMed: Pyruvate oxidation in brain: Evidence derived from the metabolism of alpha-ketobutyric acid.