alpha-farnesene
(3E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,3,6,10-tetraene
Identification
| Name | alpha-farnesene |
| IUPAC | (3E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,3,6,10-tetraene |
| CAS Number | 502-61-4 |
| EINECS | 207-948-6 |
| FDA UNII | 7E1785CZ0H |
| Molecular Formula | C15 H24 |
| Molecular Weight | 204.35628000 |
| MDL Number | MFCD00036650 |
| Nikkaji Number | J47.112G |
| CoE Number | 10998 |
Regulatory
| JECFA Food Flavoring | 1343 alpha-farnesene |
| DG SANTE Food Flavourings | 01.040 alpha-farnesene |
| FEMA Number | 3839 |
| FDA | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
| FDA Mainterm (SATF) | 502-61-4 ; FARNESENE |
Physical Properties
| Appearance | pale yellow to yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay | 67.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed | No |
| Specific Gravity | 0.84400 to 0.87900 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Pounds per Gallon - (est). | 7.023 to 7.314 |
| Refractive Index | 1.49000 to 1.50500 @ 20.00 °C. |
| Boiling Point | 260.00 to 262.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.010000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point | > 212.00 °F. TCC ( > 100.00 °C. ) |
| logP (o/w) | 6.139 (est) |
| Soluble in | alcohol |
| Insoluble in | water |
Cosmetic Information
| CosIng | cosmetic data |
| Cosmetic Uses | fragrance |
Organoleptic Properties
| Odor Description |
at 100.00 %. at 1.00 % in ethyl alcohol. A woody, green vegetative odor with a lavender background Mild, green-floral, herbacious, sweet, warm, woody. Tenacious
|
| Odor sample from | Bedoukian Research, Inc. |
| Taste Description |
at 10.00 - 20.00 ppm. Terpeny, herbal, slight celery notes
|
Safety Information
| Preferred SDS | View |
| European information | Most important hazard(s): |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity | Not determined |
| Dermal Toxicity | Not determined |
| Inhalation Toxicity | Not determined |
GHS Classification
['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']
Safety in Use
| Category | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment | Search |
| Recommendation for alpha-farnesene usage levels up to | 8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU) | 0.61 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA) | 40.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Threshold of Concern | 1800 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class | I |
| baked goods | 10.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic) | 5.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic) | 5.00000 |
| breakfast cereal | 10.00000 |
| cheese | 2.00000 |
| chewing gum | 30.00000 |
| condiments / relishes | 5.00000 |
| confectionery froastings | 20.00000 |
| egg products | - |
| fats / oils | 5.00000 |
| fish products | 1.00000 |
| frozen dairy | 5.00000 |
| fruit ices | 5.00000 |
| gelatins / puddings | 2.00000 |
| granulated sugar | - |
| gravies | 5.00000 |
| hard candy | 10.00000 |
| imitation dairy | 1.00000 |
| instant coffee / tea | 5.00000 |
| jams / jellies | 2.00000 |
| meat products | 1.00000 |
| milk products | 10.00000 |
| nut products | 5.00000 |
| other grains | 10.00000 |
| poultry | 1.00000 |
| processed fruits | 5.00000 |
| processed vegetables | 2.00000 |
| reconstituted vegetables | 5.00000 |
| seasonings / flavors | 10.00000 |
| snack foods | 5.00000 |
| soft candy | 10.00000 |
| soups | 5.00000 |
| sugar substitutes | 1.00000 |
| sweet sauces | 2.00000 |
Bedoukian Research, Inc.
Perfecting the Art of Chemistry
Working closely with our customers to meet their requirements.
BOC Sciences
Best of Chemicals Supplier
Quality supplier of research chemicals and biochemicals including inhibitors, building blocks, GMP Products, impurities and metabolites, APIs for Veterinary, Natural Compounds, ADCs, Stem Cell Molecul...
M&U International LLC
Steady supply & demand
Meeting customers increasing demands at home as well as abroad.
Pell Wall Perfumes
Hand-made fragrances
Pell Wall maintains a broad palette of ingredients & in order to keep stocks fresh & the options wide we also sell from our own stock.
Penta International Corporation
Chemistry innovation
At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better.
Synerzine, Inc.
Innovation. Customization. Aroma Ingredients.
Synerzine is a leading supplier of flavor and fragrance ingredients.
Potential Uses
Natural Occurrence
Synonyms
(E)-7,11-
dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene
7,11-
dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene
(E)-7,11-
dimethyl-3-methylenedodeca-1,6,10-triene
1,3,6,10-
dodecatetraene, 3,7,11-trimethyl-, (3E,6E)-
(3E,6E)-3,7,11-
trimethyl-1,3,6,10-dodecatetraene
(E,E)-3,7,11-
trimethyl-1,3,6,10-dodecatetraene; 2,6,10-trimethyl-2,6,9,10-dodecatetrene
(3E,6E)-3,7,11-
trimethyldodeca-1,3,6,10-tetraene
(E,E)-alpha-
farnesene
(3E,6E)-alpha-
farnesene
US Patents:
Use of isomeric farnesene product-by-process for augmenting or enhancing the aroma of perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles
PubMed:
Use of hydrodistillation and headspace solid-phase microextraction to characterize the volatile composition of different hop cultivars.
US Patents:
Use of isomeric mixtures of farnesene for augmenting or enhancing the aroma of detergent compositions
PubMed:
Cell wall, cell membrane, and volatile metabolism are altered by antioxidant treatment, temperature shifts, and peel necrosis during apple fruit storage.
US Patents:
Use of isomeric farnesene product-by-process for augmenting or enhancing the aroma of perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles
PubMed:
Isolation and characterization of terpene synthases potentially involved in flavor development of ripening olive (Olea europaea) fruits.
PubMed:
The compositions of volatiles and aroma-active compounds in dried omija fruits (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) according to the cultivation areas.
PubMed:
Heritability and genetic and phenotypic correlations of apple (Malus x domestica) fruit volatiles in a genetically diverse breeding population.
PubMed:
Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods.
PubMed:
Changes in the volatile compounds and chemical and physical properties of Kuerle fragrant pear (Pyrus serotina Reld) during storage.
PubMed:
Screening for key odorants in Moroccan green olives by gas chromatography-olfactometry/aroma extract dilution analysis.
PubMed:
Aroma evaluation of an aquatic herb, Changpo (Acorus calamus Var. angustatus Bess), by AEDA and SPME.
PubMed:
Changes of the volatile profile and artifact formation in Daidai (Citrus aurantium) cold-pressed peel oil on storage.
PubMed:
Character impact odorants of Citrus Hallabong [(C. unshiu Marcov x C. sinensis Osbeck) x C. reticulata Blanco] cold-pressed peel oil.
PubMed:
Volatile flavor components of ripe and overripe ki-mikans (Citrus flaviculpus Hort. ex Tanaka) in comparison with Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka).
PubMed:
Characterization of the key aroma compounds in dried fruits of the West African peppertree Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich (Annonaceae) using aroma extract dilution analysis.
PubMed:
Relationship between ethylene response manipulation and volatile production in Jonagold variety apples.
PubMed:
Expression of terpene synthase genes associated with the formation of volatiles in different organs of Vitis vinifera.
PubMed:
Narrow tuning of an odorant receptor to plant volatiles in Spodoptera exigua (Hübner).
PubMed:
'Scarlett Spur Red Delicious' apple volatile production accompanying physiological disorder development during low pO2 controlled atmosphere storage.
PubMed:
A new source of elemol rich essential oil and existence of multicellular oil glands in leaves of the Dioscorea species.
PubMed:
Combined effect of temperature and controlled atmosphere on storage and shelf-life of 'Rocha' pear treated with 1-methylcyclopropene.
PubMed:
Hepatoprotection of sesquiterpenoids: a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach.
PubMed:
Modulation of aphid alarm pheromone emission of pea aphid prey by predators.
PubMed:
Apple volatiles synergize the response of codling moth to pear ester.
PubMed:
Use of hydrodistillation and headspace solid-phase microextraction to characterize the volatile composition of different hop cultivars.
PubMed:
Cell wall, cell membrane, and volatile metabolism are altered by antioxidant treatment, temperature shifts, and peel necrosis during apple fruit storage.
PubMed:
Functional genomics reveals that a compact terpene synthase gene family can account for terpene volatile production in apple.
PubMed:
Volatiles from apple trees infested with light brown apple moth larvae attract the parasitoid Dolichogenidia tasmanica.
PubMed:
Aphid alarm pheromone as a cue for ants to locate aphid partners.
PubMed:
Aerosol delivery of trail pheromone disrupts the foraging of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta.
PubMed:
Differences in the volatile compositions of ginseng species (Panax sp.).
PubMed:
Aphid alarm pheromone: an overview of current knowledge on biosynthesis and functions.
PubMed:
Essential oil from Ocimum basilicum (Omani Basil): a desert crop.
PubMed:
The compositions of volatiles and aroma-active compounds in dried omija fruits (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) according to the cultivation areas.
PubMed:
A non-synonymous nucleotide substitution can account for one evolutionary route to sesquiterpene synthase activity in the TPS-b subgroup.
PubMed:
New analogues of (E)-β-farnesene with insecticidal activity and binding affinity to aphid odorant-binding proteins.
PubMed:
Constitutive emission of the aphid alarm pheromone, (E)-β-farnesene, from plants does not serve as a direct defense against aphids.
PubMed:
Floral sesquiterpenes and their synthesis in dioecious kiwifruit.
PubMed:
Trail pheromone disruption of red imported fire ant.
PubMed:
Evolution of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in virgin olive oil during fruit ripening.
PubMed:
Effect of Matricaria chamomilla L. flower essential oil on the growth and ultrastructure of Aspergillus niger van Tieghem.
PubMed:
Biotic and abiotic factors affect green ash volatile production and emerald ash borer adult feeding preference.
PubMed:
Heritability and genetic and phenotypic correlations of apple (Malus x domestica) fruit volatiles in a genetically diverse breeding population.
PubMed:
Studies on the antioxidant activity of essential oil and different solvent extracts of Vitexagnuscastus L. fruits from Turkey.
PubMed:
Two terpene synthases are responsible for the major sesquiterpenes emitted from the flowers of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa).
PubMed:
Plant odor analysis of potato: response of guatemalan moth to above- and belowground potato volatiles.
PubMed:
Attraction of New Zealand flower thrips, Thrips obscuratus, to cis-jasmone, a volatile identified from Japanese honeysuckle flowers.
PubMed:
Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of leaf essential oil and extracts of Metasequioa glyptostroboides Miki ex Hu.
PubMed:
Superficial scald and bitter pit development in cold-stored transgenic apples suppressed for ethylene biosynthesis.
PubMed:
Defining the potassium binding region in an apple terpene synthase.
PubMed:
In vivo ESR spin trapping detection of carbon-centered alpha-Farnesene radicals.
PubMed:
In situ volatile collection, analysis, and comparison of three Centaurea species and their relationship to biocontrol with herbivorous insects.
PubMed:
Ethylene and alpha-farnesene metabolism in green and red skin of three apple cultivars in response to 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment.
PubMed:
Oxidation products of alpha-farnesene associated with superficial scald development in d'Anjou pear fruits are conjugated trienols.
PubMed:
Unusual features of a recombinant apple alpha-farnesene synthase.
PubMed:
Changes in the volatile compounds and chemical and physical properties of Kuerle fragrant pear (Pyrus serotina Reld) during storage.
PubMed:
Volatile constituents of redblush grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) and pummelo (Citrus grandis) peel essential oils from Kenya.
PubMed:
Effects of cyclamen mite (Phytonemus pallidus) and leaf beetle (Galerucella tenella) damage on volatile emission from strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) plants and orientation of predatory mites (Neoseiulus cucumeris, N. californicus, and Euseius finlandicus).
PubMed:
Relationship of superficial scald development and alpha-farnesene oxidation to reactions of diphenylamine and diphenylamine derivatives in Cv. Granny Smith apple peel.
PubMed:
1-Methylcyclopropene interactions with diphenylamine on diphenylamine degradation, alpha-farnesene and conjugated trienol concentrations, and polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities in apple fruit.
PubMed:
Identification of characteristic aroma-active compounds from water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica DC.).
PubMed:
Analysis of hop-derived terpenoids in beer and evaluation of their behavior using the stir bar-sorptive extraction method with GC-MS.
PubMed:
Screening for key odorants in Moroccan green olives by gas chromatography-olfactometry/aroma extract dilution analysis.
PubMed:
Aroma evaluation of an aquatic herb, Changpo (Acorus calamus Var. angustatus Bess), by AEDA and SPME.
PubMed:
Ester variability in apple varieties as determined by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:
Chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oils from endemic Psiadia species growing in mauritius.
PubMed:
Character impact odorants of Citrus Hallabong [(C. unshiu Marcov x C. sinensis Osbeck) x C. reticulata Blanco] cold-pressed peel oil.
PubMed:
Solid-phase microextraction of volatile compounds from the chopped leaves of three species of Eucalyptus.
PubMed:
Differences in the fragrances of pollen, leaves, and floral parts of garland (Chrysanthemum coronarium) and composition of the essential oils from flowerheads and leaves.
PubMed:
Volatiles from leaves, fruits, and virgin oil from Olea europaea Cv. Olivastra Seggianese from Italy.
PubMed:
Effects of storage conditions on the composition of Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka (hyuganatsu) essential oil.
PubMed:
Plant odor analysis of apple: antennal response of codling moth females to apple volatiles during phenological development.
PubMed:
Sesquiterpene, alkene, and alkane hydrocarbons in virgin olive oils of different varieties and geographical origins.
PubMed:
Volatile flavor components of ripe and overripe ki-mikans (Citrus flaviculpus Hort. ex Tanaka) in comparison with Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka).
PubMed:
Composition of the essential oil of Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka (Hyuganatsu).
PubMed:
Volatile chemicals identified in extracts from leaves of Japanese mugwort (Artemisia princeps pamp.).
PubMed:
Volatile components of green walnut husks.
PubMed:
Stripped corn oil controls scald and maintains volatile production potential in golden supreme and delicious apples.
PubMed:
Characterization of the key aroma compounds in dried fruits of the West African peppertree Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich (Annonaceae) using aroma extract dilution analysis.
PubMed:
Relationship between ethylene response manipulation and volatile production in Jonagold variety apples.
PubMed:
Effect of superficial scald suppression by diphenylamine application on volatile evolution by stored Cortland apple fruit.
PubMed:
Aphids, predators and parasitoids.
PubMed:
Chemical, physical and antimicrobial properties of essential oils of Leptospermum scoparium and Kunzea ericoides.
PubMed:
Solid phase microextraction for quantitative headspace sampling of apple volatiles.
PubMed:
(Z,E)-alpha-farnesene--an electroantennogram-active component of Maladera matrida volatiles.
PubMed:
[The effect of a controlled gas atmosphere on farnesene dynamics and the development of sunburn in apples].
PubMed:
Superficial scald, a functional disorder of stored apples. IV. Effect of variety, maturity, oiled wraps and diphenylamine on the concentration of alpha-farnesene in the fruit.