camalexin

2-(1H- indol-3-yl)-1,3-thiazole 3-(1,3- thiazol-2-yl)-1H-indole PubMed: Differential Roles of Glucosinolates and Camalexin at Different Stages of Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation. PubMed: Chemical priming of immunity without costs to plant growth. PubMed: Possible Interactions between the Biosynthetic Pathways of Indole Glucosinolate and Auxin. PubMed: Transcriptome dynamic of Arabidopsis roots infected with Phytophthora parasitica identifies VQ29, a gene induced during the penetration and involved in the restriction of infection. PubMed: Determination of histone epigenetic marks in Arabidopsis and tomato genes in the early response to Botrytis cinerea. PubMed: Damage-associated responses of the host contribute to defence against cyst nematodes but not root-knot nematodes. PubMed: Induction of plant disease resistance upon treatment with yeast cell wall extract. PubMed: Interactions of WRKY15 and WRKY33 transcription factors and their roles in the resistance of oilseed rape to Sclerotinia infection. PubMed: Inhibitors of the Detoxifying Enzyme of the Phytoalexin Brassinin Based on Quinoline and Isoquinoline Scaffolds. PubMed: PRR2, a pseudo-response regulator, promotes salicylic acid and camalexin accumulation during plant immunity. PubMed: Botrytis cinerea B05.10 promotes disease development in Arabidopsis by suppressing WRKY33-mediated host immunity. PubMed: Key Components of Different Plant Defense Pathways Are Dispensable for Powdery Mildew Resistance of the Arabidopsis mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 Triple Mutant. PubMed: GBF1 differentially regulates CAT2 and PAD4 transcription to promote pathogen defense in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Constitutively Active Arabidopsis MAP Kinase 3 Triggers Defense Responses Involving Salicylic Acid and SUMM2 Resistance Protein. PubMed: Albugo-imposed changes to tryptophan-derived antimicrobial metabolite biosynthesis may contribute to suppression of non-host resistance to Phytophthora infestans in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Camalexin-Induced Cell Membrane Scrambling and Cell Shrinkage in Human Erythrocytes. PubMed: Structural evidence for Arabidopsis glutathione transferase At GSTF2 functioning as a transporter of small organic ligands. PubMed: The isolation and characterization of resident yeasts from the phylloplane of Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Jasmonic Acid and Ethylene Signaling Pathways Regulate Glucosinolate Levels in Plants During Rhizobacteria-Induced Systemic Resistance Against a Leaf-Chewing Herbivore. PubMed: The Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Metabolome Signature in Arabidopsis thaliana Reveals Dynamic Reprogramming of Phytoalexin and Phytoanticipin Pathways. PubMed: Zinc triggers signaling mechanisms and defense responses promoting resistance to Alternaria brassicicola in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: PAMP Activity of Cerato-Platanin during Plant Interaction: An -Omic Approach. PubMed: Analysis of crystal structure of Arabidopsis MPK6 and generation of its mutants with higher activity. PubMed: Pathogen-Responsive MPK3 and MPK6 Reprogram the Biosynthesis of Indole Glucosinolates and Their Derivatives in Arabidopsis Immunity. PubMed: Mutation of the Glucosinolate Biosynthesis Enzyme Cytochrome P450 83A1 Monooxygenase Increases Camalexin Accumulation and Powdery Mildew Resistance. PubMed: Root-knot nematodes induce pattern-triggered immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. PubMed: The Quantitative Basis of the Arabidopsis Innate Immune System to Endemic Pathogens Depends on Pathogen Genetics. PubMed: Regulatory and Functional Aspects of Indolic Metabolism in Plant Systemic Acquired Resistance. PubMed: Regulation of Pathogen-Triggered Tryptophan Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana by MYB Transcription Factors and Indole Glucosinolate Conversion Products. PubMed: Expression of antimicrobial peptides under control of a camalexin-biosynthetic promoter confers enhanced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae. PubMed: Trichoderma volatiles effecting Arabidopsis: from inhibition to protection against phytopathogenic fungi. PubMed: Proteomic analyses of the interaction between the plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa E681 and Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: The role of MYB34, MYB51 and MYB122 in the regulation of camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: A new cyanogenic metabolite in Arabidopsis required for inducible pathogen defence. PubMed: Camalexin contributes to the partial resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana to the biotrophic soilborne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae. PubMed: Cotton polyamine oxidase is required for spermine and camalexin signalling in the defence response to Verticillium dahliae. PubMed: Sustained exposure to abscisic acid enhances the colonization potential of the mutualist fungus Piriformospora indica on Arabidopsis thaliana roots. PubMed: Substantial reprogramming of the Eutrema salsugineum (Thellungiella salsuginea) transcriptome in response to UV and silver nitrate challenge. PubMed: TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR-LIKE EFFECTOR NUCLEASE-Mediated Generation and Metabolic Analysis of Camalexin-Deficient cyp71a12 cyp71a13 Double Knockout Lines. PubMed: A geographic cline in leaf salicylic acid with increasing elevation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Classic myrosinase-dependent degradation of indole glucosinolate attenuates fumonisin B1-induced programmed cell death in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Camalexin Quantification in Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves Infected with Botrytis cinerea PubMed: A Novel Arabidopsis microRNA promotes IAA biosynthesis via the indole-3-acetaldoxime pathway by suppressing superroot1. PubMed: Sustained mitogen-activated protein kinase activation reprograms defense metabolism and phosphoprotein profile in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Linking phytochrome to plant immunity: low red : far-red ratios increase Arabidopsis susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea by reducing the biosynthesis of indolic glucosinolates and camalexin. PubMed: The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii modulates the expression of WRKY transcription factors in syncytia to favour its development in Arabidopsis roots. PubMed: Constitutive camalexin production and environmental stress response variation in Arabidopsis populations from the Iberian Peninsula. PubMed: Cerato-platanin induces resistance in Arabidopsis leaves through stomatal perception, overexpression of salicylic acid- and ethylene-signalling genes and camalexin biosynthesis. PubMed: An Arabidopsis mutant impaired in intracellular calcium elevation is sensitive to biotic and abiotic stress. PubMed: Disruption of the ammonium transporter AMT1.1 alters basal defenses generating resistance against Pseudomonas syringae and Plectosphaerella cucumerina. PubMed: Phytoalexin biosynthesis genes are regulated and involved in plant response to Ralstonia solanacearum infection. PubMed: Spatial H2O2 signaling specificity: H2O2 from chloroplasts and peroxisomes modulates the plant transcriptome differentially. PubMed: The Biosynthetic Pathway of Indole-3-Carbaldehyde and Indole-3-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Camalexin-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells involves alterations of expression and activity of lysosomal protease cathepsin D. PubMed: The Arabidopsis LYSIN MOTIF-CONTAINING RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE3 regulates the cross talk between immunity and abscisic acid responses. PubMed: Rice OsPAD4 functions differently from Arabidopsis AtPAD4 in host-pathogen interactions. PubMed: The leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 and the cytochrome P450 PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3 contribute to innate immunity to aphids in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Targeting novel chemical and constitutive primed metabolites against Plectosphaerella cucumerina. PubMed: The phytoalexin camalexin induces fundamental changes in the proteome of Alternaria brassicicola different from those caused by brassinin. PubMed: Beyond toxicity: a regulatory role for mitochondrial cyanide. PubMed: The protein phosphatase subunit PP2A-B'γ is required to suppress day length-dependent pathogenesis responses triggered by intracellular oxidative stress. PubMed: The phytoalexins brassilexin and camalexin inhibit cyclobrassinin hydrolase, a unique enzyme from the fungal pathogen Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: Minimum set of cytochromes P450 for reconstituting the biosynthesis of camalexin, a major Arabidopsis antibiotic. PubMed: The secondary metabolism glycosyltransferases UGT73B3 and UGT73B5 are components of redox status in resistance of Arabidopsis to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. PubMed: Pipecolic acid enhances resistance to bacterial infection and primes salicylic acid and nicotine accumulation in tobacco. PubMed: The effects of glucosinolates and their breakdown products on necrotrophic fungi. PubMed: De novo genetic engineering of the camalexin biosynthetic pathway. PubMed: Metabolism of the phytoalexins camalexins, their bioisosteres and analogues in the plant pathogenic fungus Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: Glutathione and tryptophan metabolism are required for Arabidopsis immunity during the hypersensitive response to hemibiotrophs. PubMed: Analyses of wrky18 wrky40 plants reveal critical roles of SA/EDS1 signaling and indole-glucosinolate biosynthesis for Golovinomyces orontii resistance and a loss-of resistance towards Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato AvrRPS4. PubMed: Induced expression of defense-related genes in Arabidopsis upon infection with Phytophthora capsici. PubMed: Resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana to the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, involves camalexin and is regulated by microRNAs. PubMed: Reduced carbohydrate availability enhances the susceptibility of Arabidopsis toward Colletotrichum higginsianum. PubMed: Genetic and genomic analysis of Rhizoctonia solani interactions with Arabidopsis; evidence of resistance mediated through NADPH oxidases. PubMed: Assigning gene function in biosynthetic pathways: camalexin and beyond. PubMed: Reply: complexity in camalexin biosynthesis. PubMed: In vitro toxicity of camalexin derivatives in human cancer and non-cancer cells. PubMed: A novel Arabidopsis-oomycete pathosystem: differential interactions with Phytophthora capsici reveal a role for camalexin, indole glucosinolates and salicylic acid in defence. PubMed: Pipecolic acid, an endogenous mediator of defense amplification and priming, is a critical regulator of inducible plant immunity. PubMed: The phytoalexin camalexin mediates cytotoxicity towards aggressive prostate cancer cells via reactive oxygen species. PubMed: Water stress and aphid feeding differentially influence metabolite composition in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.). PubMed: Expression of ROS-responsive genes and transcription factors after metabolic formation of H(2)O(2) in chloroplasts. PubMed: Identification of indole-3-carboxylic acid as mediator of priming against Plectosphaerella cucumerina. PubMed: Metabolic and transcriptomic changes induced in Arabidopsis by the rhizobacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SS101. PubMed: A fast and precise method to identify indolic glucosinolates and camalexin in plants by combining mass spectrometric and biological information. PubMed: Indole-3-acetaldoxime-derived compounds restrict root colonization in the beneficial interaction between Arabidopsis roots and the endophyte Piriformospora indica. PubMed: Sulfur-containing secondary metabolites from Arabidopsis thaliana and other Brassicaceae with function in plant immunity. PubMed: Influence of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in Root Exudation of Phytoalexins, Signals, and in Disease Resistance. PubMed: Arabidopsis acetyl-amido synthetase GH3.5 involvement in camalexin biosynthesis through conjugation of indole-3-carboxylic acid and cysteine and upregulation of camalexin biosynthesis genes. PubMed: Transcriptional activation and production of tryptophan-derived secondary metabolites in arabidopsis roots contributes to the defense against the fungal vascular pathogen Verticillium longisporum. PubMed: Mitochondrial sulfide detoxification requires a functional isoform O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase C in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Loss of cytosolic NADP-malic enzyme 2 in Arabidopsis thaliana is associated with enhanced susceptibility to Colletotrichum higginsianum. PubMed: UVR8 mediates UV-B-induced Arabidopsis defense responses against Botrytis cinerea by controlling sinapate accumulation. PubMed: Chemical warfare or modulators of defence responses - the function of secondary metabolites in plant immunity. PubMed: Dissecting phosphite-induced priming in Arabidopsis infected with Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. PubMed: Arabidopsis WRKY33 is a key transcriptional regulator of hormonal and metabolic responses toward Botrytis cinerea infection. PubMed: The conjugated auxin indole-3-acetic acid-aspartic acid promotes plant disease development. PubMed: Activation of camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana in response to perception of bacterial lipopolysaccharides: a gene-to-metabolite study. PubMed: Improved sulfur nutrition provides the basis for enhanced production of sulfur-containing defense compounds in Arabidopsis thaliana upon inoculation with Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: Identification and characterization of ANAC042, a transcription factor family gene involved in the regulation of camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Phytoalexins in defense against pathogens. PubMed: Glutathione deficiency of the Arabidopsis mutant pad2-1 affects oxidative stress-related events, defense gene expression, and the hypersensitive response. PubMed: AtRbohF is a crucial modulator of defence-associated metabolism and a key actor in the interplay between intracellular oxidative stress and pathogenesis responses in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Trichoderma-induced plant immunity likely involves both hormonal- and camalexin-dependent mechanisms in Arabidopsis thaliana and confers resistance against necrotrophic fungi Botrytis cinerea. PubMed: Quantification of camalexin, a phytoalexin from Arabidopsis thaliana: a comparison of five analytical methods. PubMed: Anti-apoptotic machinery protects the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea from host-induced apoptotic-like cell death during plant infection. PubMed: Role of the 4-phosphopantetheinyl transferase of Trichoderma virens in secondary metabolism and induction of plant defense responses. PubMed: Conservation and clade-specific diversification of pathogen-inducible tryptophan and indole glucosinolate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana relatives. PubMed: The plant growth-promoting fungus Aspergillus ustus promotes growth and induces resistance against different lifestyle pathogens in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Cytosolic γ-glutamyl peptidases process glutathione conjugates in the biosynthesis of glucosinolates and camalexin in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Crosstalk between abiotic ultraviolet-B stress and biotic (flg22) stress signalling in Arabidopsis prevents flavonol accumulation in favor of pathogen defence compound production. PubMed: Arabidopsis cell death in compatible and incompatible interactions with Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: The Arabidopsis phi class glutathione transferase AtGSTF2: binding and regulation by biologically active heterocyclic ligands. PubMed: Phosphorylation of a WRKY transcription factor by two pathogen-responsive MAPKs drives phytoalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Indolic secondary metabolites protect Arabidopsis from the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora brassicae. PubMed: Intronic T-DNA insertion renders Arabidopsis opr3 a conditional jasmonic acid-producing mutant. PubMed: The microRNA miR393 re-directs secondary metabolite biosynthesis away from camalexin and towards glucosinolates. PubMed: Prunus domestica pathogenesis-related protein-5 activates the defense response pathway and enhances the resistance to fungal infection. PubMed: Camalexin induces apoptosis in T-leukemia Jurkat cells by increased concentration of reactive oxygen species and activation of caspase-8 and caspase-9. PubMed: Role of camalexin, indole glucosinolates, and side chain modification of glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates in defense of Arabidopsis against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PubMed: Autophagy differentially controls plant basal immunity to biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. PubMed: Auxin signaling and transport promote susceptibility to the root-infecting fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Impact of the unfolded protein response on the pathogenicity of the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: Transcript profiling of chitosan-treated Arabidopsis seedlings. PubMed: Glutathione-indole-3-acetonitrile is required for camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Detoxification of cruciferous phytoalexins in Botrytis cinerea: spontaneous dimerization of a camalexin metabolite. PubMed: MAMP-responsive MAPK cascades regulate phytoalexin biosynthesis. PubMed: Transcriptional reprogramming regulated by WRKY18 and WRKY40 facilitates powdery mildew infection of Arabidopsis. PubMed: Redirection of tryptophan metabolism in tobacco by ectopic expression of an Arabidopsis indolic glucosinolate biosynthetic gene. PubMed: Cell wall integrity and high osmolarity glycerol pathways are required for adaptation of Alternaria brassicicola to cell wall stress caused by brassicaceous indolic phytoalexins. PubMed: Arabidopsis histone methyltransferase SET DOMAIN GROUP8 mediates induction of the jasmonate/ethylene pathway genes in plant defense response to necrotrophic fungi. PubMed: Disruption of the Bcchs3a chitin synthase gene in Botrytis cinerea is responsible for altered adhesion and overstimulation of host plant immunity. PubMed: Peroxisomal hydrogen peroxide is coupled to biotic defense responses by ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1 in a daylength-related manner. PubMed: The differential spatial distribution of secondary metabolites in Arabidopsis leaves reacting hypersensitively to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato is dependent on the oxidative burst. PubMed: Deficiencies in jasmonate-mediated plant defense reveal quantitative variation in Botrytis cinerea pathogenesis. PubMed: Tryptophan-derived secondary metabolites in Arabidopsis thaliana confer non-host resistance to necrotrophic Plectosphaerella cucumerina fungi. PubMed: The Arabidopsis P450 protein CYP82C2 modulates jasmonate-induced root growth inhibition, defense gene expression and indole glucosinolate biosynthesis. PubMed: Innate immune responses activated in Arabidopsis roots by microbe-associated molecular patterns. PubMed: Disease resistance of Arabidopsis to Phytophthora brassicae is established by the sequential action of indole glucosinolates and camalexin. PubMed: Tryptophan-derived metabolites are required for antifungal defense in the Arabidopsis mlo2 mutant. PubMed: Negative regulation of stress-activated MAPK signaling in Arabidopsis. PubMed: MAP kinase phosphatase1 and protein tyrosine phosphatase1 are repressors of salicylic acid synthesis and SNC1-mediated responses in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Downstream targets of WRKY33. PubMed: The multifunctional enzyme CYP71B15 (PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3) converts cysteine-indole-3-acetonitrile to camalexin in the indole-3-acetonitrile metabolic network of Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Evolution of camalexin and structurally related indolic compounds. PubMed: Controlled indole-3-acetaldoxime production through ethanol-induced expression of CYP79B2. PubMed: Synthetic inhibitors of the fungal detoxifying enzyme brassinin oxidase based on the phytoalexin camalexin scaffold. PubMed: Layers of defense responses to Leptosphaeria maculans below the RLM1- and camalexin-dependent resistances. PubMed: Inducible expression of a Nep1-like protein serves as a model trigger system of camalexin biosynthesis. PubMed: The ABC transporter BcatrB from Botrytis cinerea exports camalexin and is a virulence factor on Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Genetic analysis of acd6-1 reveals complex defense networks and leads to identification of novel defense genes in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Cloning, purification and characterisation of brassinin glucosyltransferase, a phytoalexin-detoxifying enzyme from the plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PubMed: Antioxidant status, peroxidase activity, and PR protein transcript levels in ascorbate-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana vtc mutants. PubMed: Complex genetics control natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana resistance to Botrytis cinerea. PubMed: The transcript and metabolite networks affected by the two clades of Arabidopsis glucosinolate biosynthesis regulators. PubMed: Activation of MAPK kinase 9 induces ethylene and camalexin biosynthesis and enhances sensitivity to salt stress in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Arabidopsis MAP kinase 4 regulates gene expression through transcription factor release in the nucleus. PubMed: Glycerol-3-phosphate levels are associated with basal resistance to the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum higginsianum in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Biosynthetic origin of BE-10988 in Streptomyces sp. BA10988. PubMed: Direct fungicidal activities of C6-aldehydes are important constituents for defense responses in Arabidopsis against Botrytis cinerea. PubMed: Brassinin oxidase, a fungal detoxifying enzyme to overcome a plant defense -- purification, characterization and inhibition. PubMed: The glutathione-deficient mutant pad2-1 accumulates lower amounts of glucosinolates and is more susceptible to the insect herbivore Spodoptera littoralis. PubMed: Wounding of Arabidopsis leaves causes a powerful but transient protection against Botrytis infection. PubMed: Towards global understanding of plant defence against aphids--timing and dynamics of early Arabidopsis defence responses to cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) attack. PubMed: Distinct roles of jasmonates and aldehydes in plant-defense responses. PubMed: A fungal-responsive MAPK cascade regulates phytoalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. PubMed: A diffusible signal from germinating Orobanche ramosa elicits early defense responses in suspension-cultured Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Bacterial non-host resistance: interactions of Arabidopsis with non-adapted Pseudomonas syringae strains. PubMed: Phytoalexins and phytoanticipins from the wild crucifers Thellungiella halophila and Arabidopsis thaliana: rapalexin A, wasalexins and camalexin. PubMed: Identification of loci controlling non-host disease resistance in Arabidopsis against the leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina. PubMed: Bacteria-derived peptidoglycans constitute pathogen-associated molecular patterns triggering innate immunity in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 71A13 catalyzes the conversion of indole-3-acetaldoxime in camalexin synthesis. PubMed: Detoxification of the phytoalexin brassinin by isolates of Leptosphaeria maculans pathogenic on brown mustard involves an inducible hydrolase. PubMed: ABA is required for Leptosphaeria maculans resistance via ABI1- and ABI4-dependent signaling. PubMed: Pathogen-associated molecular pattern recognition rather than development of tissue necrosis contributes to bacterial induction of systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Transcriptional responses to exposure to the brassicaceous defence metabolites camalexin and allyl-isothiocyanate in the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: Camalexin. PubMed: Histochemical and genetic analysis of host and non-host interactions of Arabidopsis with three Botrytis species: an important role for cell death control. PubMed: Nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation reprograms gene expression and activates defense markers in Arabidopsis tocopherol-deficient mutants. PubMed: Phytotoxicity and innate immune responses induced by Nep1-like proteins. PubMed: Expression of a nitric oxide degrading enzyme induces a senescence programme in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Identification of PAD2 as a gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase highlights the importance of glutathione in disease resistance of Arabidopsis. PubMed: The role of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the biosynthesis of camalexin. PubMed: Yeast increases resistance in Arabidopsis against Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea by salicylic acid-dependent as well as -independent mechanisms. PubMed: Metabolic changes in Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the feedback-resistant anthranilate synthase alpha subunit gene OASA1D. PubMed: Early responses in the Arabidopsis-Verticillium longisporum pathosystem are dependent on NDR1, JA- and ET-associated signals via cytosolic NPR1 and RFO1. PubMed: ETR1-, JAR1- and PAD2-dependent signaling pathways are involved in C6-aldehyde-induced defense responses of Arabidopsis. PubMed: Analysis of defensive responses activated by volatile allo-ocimene treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: The Arabidopsis flavin-dependent monooxygenase FMO1 is an essential component of biologically induced systemic acquired resistance. PubMed: Regulatory variability of camalexin biosynthesis. PubMed: CYP71B15 (PAD3) catalyzes the final step in camalexin biosynthesis. PubMed: WRKY70 modulates the selection of signaling pathways in plant defense. PubMed: Transgressive segregation reveals two Arabidopsis TIR-NB-LRR resistance genes effective against Leptosphaeria maculans, causal agent of blackleg disease. PubMed: Early physiological responses of Arabidopsis thaliana cells to fusaric acid: toxic and signalling effects. PubMed: Premature leaf senescence modulated by the Arabidopsis PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 gene is associated with defense against the phloem-feeding green peach aphid. PubMed: Camalexin induces detoxification of the phytoalexin brassinin in the plant pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans. PubMed: Secondary metabolites influence Arabidopsis/Botrytis interactions: variation in host production and pathogen sensitivity. PubMed: New insight into the biosynthesis and regulation of indole compounds in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Structural complexity, differential response to infection, and tissue specificity of indolic and phenylpropanoid secondary metabolism in Arabidopsis roots. PubMed: ups1, an Arabidopsis thaliana camalexin accumulation mutant defective in multiple defence signalling pathways. PubMed: B1-phytoprostanes trigger plant defense and detoxification responses. PubMed: The BOS loci of Arabidopsis are required for resistance to Botrytis cinerea infection. PubMed: Detoxification of the cruciferous phytoalexin brassinin in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum requires an inducible glucosyltransferase. PubMed: A key role for ALD1 in activation of local and systemic defenses in Arabidopsis. PubMed: RCH1, a locus in Arabidopsis that confers resistance to the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum. PubMed: Tryptophan-derived sulfur-containing phytoalexins--a general overview. PubMed: Camalexin is synthesized from indole-3-acetaldoxime, a key branching point between primary and secondary metabolism in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Light conditions influence specific defence responses in incompatible plant-pathogen interactions: uncoupling systemic resistance from salicylic acid and PR-1 accumulation. PubMed: Identification of Botrytis cinerea susceptibility loci in Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: Beta-amino-butyric acid-induced resistance against necrotrophic pathogens is based on ABA-dependent priming for callose. PubMed: Designer phytoalexins: probing camalexin detoxification pathways in the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani. PubMed: Characterisation of an Arabidopsis-Leptosphaeria maculans pathosystem: resistance partially requires camalexin biosynthesis and is independent of salicylic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling. PubMed: Genetic evidence that expression of NahG modifies defence pathways independent of salicylic acid biosynthesis in the Arabidopsis-Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato interaction. PubMed: Antiproliferative and cancer chemopreventive activity of phytoalexins: focus on indole phytoalexins from crucifers. PubMed: Arabidopsis local resistance to Botrytis cinerea involves salicylic acid and camalexin and requires EDS4 and PAD2, but not SID2, EDS5 or PAD4. PubMed: Characterization of the early response of Arabidopsis to Alternaria brassicicola infection using expression profiling. PubMed: The cDNA microarray analysis using an Arabidopsis pad3 mutant reveals the expression profiles and classification of genes induced by Alternaria brassicicola attack. PubMed: Arabidopsis ecotype variability in camalexin production and reaction to infection by Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: Probing the phytopathogenic stem rot fungus with phytoalexins and analogues: unprecedented glucosylation of camalexin and 6-methoxycamalexin. PubMed: Esa1, an Arabidopsis mutant with enhanced susceptibility to a range of necrotrophic fungal pathogens, shows a distorted induction of defense responses by reactive oxygen generating compounds. PubMed: Infection of Arabidopsis with a necrotrophic pathogen, Botrytis cinerea, elicits various defense responses but does not induce systemic acquired resistance (SAR). PubMed: Characterization of an Arabidopsis-Phytophthora pathosystem: resistance requires a functional PAD2 gene and is independent of salicylic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling. PubMed: The biosynthesis of shikimate metabolites. PubMed: Constitutive salicylic acid-dependent signaling in cpr1 and cpr6 mutants requires PAD4. PubMed: Jasmonate-dependent induction of indole glucosinolates in Arabidopsis by culture filtrates of the nonspecific pathogen Erwinia carotovora. PubMed: Accumulation of soluble and wall-bound indolic metabolites in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves infected with virulent or avirulent Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato strains. PubMed: Arabidopsis dth9 mutation identifies a gene involved in regulating disease susceptibility without affecting salicylic acid-dependent responses. PubMed: Three unique mutants of Arabidopsis identify eds loci required for limiting growth of a biotrophic fungal pathogen. PubMed: Interplay of signaling pathways in plant disease resistance. PubMed: Arabidopsis cytochrome P450s that catalyze the first step of tryptophan-dependent indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis. PubMed: Biotransformation of the phytoalexin camalexin by the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani. PubMed: Arabidopsis PAD3, a gene required for camalexin biosynthesis, encodes a putative cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. PubMed: Arabidopsis thaliana PAD4 encodes a lipase-like gene that is important for salicylic acid signaling. PubMed: The role of phytoalexins in plant protection. PubMed: Deficiency in phytoalexin production causes enhanced susceptibility of Arabidopsis thaliana to the fungus Alternaria brassicicola. PubMed: Salicylic acid induction-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis express PR-2 and PR-5 and accumulate high levels of camalexin after pathogen inoculation. PubMed: Camalexin accumulation in Arabis lyrata. PubMed: Correlation of defense gene induction defects with powdery mildew susceptibility in Arabidopsis enhanced disease susceptibility mutants. PubMed: Biosynthesis of camalexin from tryptophan pathway intermediates in cell-suspension cultures of Arabidopsis. PubMed: PAD4 functions upstream from salicylic acid to control defense responses in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Induction of Arabidopsis tryptophan pathway enzymes and camalexin by amino acid starvation, oxidative stress, and an abiotic elicitor. PubMed: Phytoalexin-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis reveal that PAD4 encodes a regulatory factor and that four PAD genes contribute to downy mildew resistance. PubMed: Identification of an Arabidopsis locus required for resistance to turnip crinkle virus. PubMed: Origin of the thiazole ring of camalexin, a phytoalexin from Arabidopsis thaliana. PubMed: The promoter of the tobacco Tnt1 retrotransposon is induced by wounding and by abiotic stress. PubMed: Coordinate regulation of the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway and indolic phytoalexin accumulation in Arabidopsis. PubMed: Characterization of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) resistance in virus-resistant ecotypes of Arabidopsis. PubMed: Mode of action of the Arabidopsis thaliana phytoalexin camalexin and its role in Arabidopsis-pathogen interactions. PubMed: Use of Arabidopsis thaliana defense-related mutants to dissect the plant response to pathogens. PubMed: Isolation of phytoalexin-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana and characterization of their interactions with bacterial pathogens.