alpha-pinene

DL-pin-2(3)-ene

CAS: 80-56-8 C10 H16 MW: 136.23752000 herbal woody

Identification

Namealpha-pinene
IUPAC4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene
CAS Number80-56-8
EINECS201-291-9
FDA UNIIJPF3YI7O34
Molecular FormulaC10 H16
Molecular Weight136.23752000
MDL NumberMFCD00001339
Nikkaji NumberJ3.210G
Beilstein3194807
CoE Number2113

Regulatory

JECFA Food Flavoring1329 alpha-pinene
DG SANTE Food Flavourings01.004 DL-pin-2(3)-ene
DG SANTE Food Contact MaterialsDL-pin-2(3)-ene
FEMA Number2902
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)80-56-8 ; ALPHA-PINENE
FDA RegulationFDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

Physical Properties

Appearance colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay 97.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers
Food Chemicals Codex Listed Yes
Specific Gravity 0.85300 to 0.86100 @ 25.00 °C., 0.85400 to 0.86200 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est). 7.098 to 7.164
Pounds per Gallon - est. 7.114 to 7.181
Refractive Index 1.46300 to 1.46700 @ 20.00 °C., 1.46400 @ 25.00 °C.
Optical Rotation -35.00 to -40.00
Melting Point -64.00 to -62.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 155.00 to 156.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg, 72.00 to 73.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 4.750000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Flash Point 90.00 °F. TCC ( 32.22 °C. )
logP (o/w) 4.830
Shelf Life 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Soluble in alcohol
Insoluble in water

Cosmetic Information

CosIng['cosmetic data2', 'cosmetic data']
Cosmetic Usesperfuming agents

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Strength high ,
Substantivity 4 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Odor Description
at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol.
at 10.00 %.
Dry.woody, resinous-piney
Warm-woody, fresh-pine, resinous
Odor sample from Berje Inc.
Taste Description at 5.00 - 100.00 ppm.

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Human Experience1 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 3700 mg/kg
Dermal Toxicityskin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Inhalation Toxicityinhalation-guinea pig LCLo 572 ug/m3

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryflavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety AssessmentSearch
IFRA Other Specification< 10 mmoles / liter peroxides
Recommendation for alpha-pinene usage levels up to10.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU)1800.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA)2444.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure ClassI
baked goods35.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic)16.00000
beverages(alcoholic)10.00000
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum175.00000
condiments / relishes47.00000
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy13.00000
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings6.00000
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy253.00000
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products10.00000
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy31.00000
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

Advanced Biotech. Inc.

Inspired by Nature

A diverse range of products, all meeting our stringent commitment to quality.

View All Website 973-339-6242 info@adv-bio.com

Augustus Oils Ltd

The Premier Supplier

Augustus Oils Ltd, in harmony with nature - to present it at its best...

View All Website +44 (0)1420 590555 essentials@augustus-oils.ltd.uk

Berje Inc.

Where the world comes to its senses

Where the world comes to its senses - Berjé is a global distributor of Essential Oils and Aromatic Chemicals.

View All Website 973-748-8980 tlauzurica@berjeinc.com

BOC Sciences

Best of Chemicals Supplier

Quality supplier of research chemicals and biochemicals including inhibitors, building blocks, GMP Products, impurities and metabolites, APIs for Veterinary, Natural Compounds, ADCs, Stem Cell Molecul...

View All Website 1-631-485-4226 account@bocsci.com

ECSA Chemicals

Human Chemistry

ECSA Chemicals has been active since 1913 in the trading and international commerce of raw materials. With an organisation divided into industrial segments managed by specialists, it has become one of...

View All Website +41 91 695 88 00 marketing@ecsa.ch

Excellentia International

Ingredients by Nature

Exceptional quality and excellence in meeting our customers requirements.

View All Website 732.749.9840 info@excellentiaint.com

Fleurchem, Inc.

Have A Flavorful Day

A leading global manufacturer and supplier of ingredients for Flavors, Fragrances, AromaTherapy, Foods, Beverages, Personal Care Products, and other uses.

View All Website 845-341-2100 info@fleurchem.com

Foreverest Resources Ltd.

Leading pine based chemicals supplier

Supplying turpentine based and natural/extracted flavor & fragrance ingredients.

View All Website +86 (0)592 5105533 info@foreverest.cn

Global Essence Inc.

Preferred Partner

Accommodate each customers unique needs.

View All Website 001 732 677 1100 info@globalessenceuk.com

Indukern, S.A. F&F Ingredients Division

Commitment to quality

Idukern F&F Ingredients is your partner for the fragrance and flavor ingredients.

View All Website +34 93 506 91 00 info@indukern.es

Lluch Essence S.L.

A family company dedicated to sales and distribution

Flexibility, availability, price and quality.

View All Website 34 93 379 38 49 web@lluche.com

M&U International LLC

Steady supply & demand

Meeting customers increasing demands at home as well as abroad.

View All Website 908-359-9000 sales@mu-intel.com

Pell Wall Perfumes

Hand-made fragrances

Pell Wall maintains a broad palette of ingredients & in order to keep stocks fresh & the options wide we also sell from our own stock.

View All Website +44 (0) 20 3745 0887 https://pellwall.com/contact-us/

Penta International Corporation

Chemistry innovation

At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better.

View All Website (973) 740-2300 lisaa@pentamfg.com

Prodasynth

PRODUCTEUR PAR ESSENCE

Chemical specialist in manufacturing, distributing and sourcing of tailor-made ingredients for the Flavour & Fragrance industry.

View All Website (33) 4 93 09 00 11 info@prodasynth.com

Robertet, Inc.

HOME OF NATURE, SEED TO SCENT

HOME OF NATURE – natural ingredients from the source.

View All Website +1.201.337.7100 info@robertetUSA.com

SRS Aromatics Ltd

For over 25 years

Bringing flavour and fragrance into your world.

View All Website +44 (0) 1284 704076 info@srsaromatics.co.uk

Synerzine, Inc.

Innovation. Customization. Aroma Ingredients.

Synerzine is a leading supplier of flavor and fragrance ingredients.

View All Website (404) 524-6744 info@synerzine.com

The John D. Walsh Company, Inc

Suppliers Since 1942

Supplying the fragrance and flavor industry with high quality products.

View All Website 973-962-1400 info@johndwalsh.com

The Lermond Company

Your Sourcing Resource

The Lermond family has been sourcing raw materials for the flavor and fragrance industry for nearly 7 decades.

View All Website 201-896-3300 info@lermond.com

R C Treatt and Co Ltd

Innovative ingredient solutions

World-leading innovative ingredient solutions provider for the flavour, fragrance and FMCG industries.

View All Website +1 863 668 9500 enquiries@treatt.com

Ernesto Ventós S.A.

Leaders in essence

We employ our five senses to do our job well.

View All Website +1 856 226 7501 info@ventos.com

Vigon International

Passion for Simplicity

Manufacturer and supplier of high quality flavor and fragrance ingredients.

View All Website 570-476-6300 sales@vigon.com

Potential Uses

FL/FR coriander FR cumin oil replacer fir FR herbal FR labdanum FR lavender FR lemon FL/FR litsea cubeba FR mango FR neroli FR nutmeg FR pepper FR pine FR rosemary FR thyme oil white replacer FR witch hazel FR woody FR ylang ylang

Natural Occurrence

abies holophylla PbMd achillea tenuifolia lam. flower oil iran @ 7.70% Data agathosma crenulata oil @ 0.73% Data ajowan seed oil turkey @ 0.32% Data allspice fruit allspice leaf allspice leaf oil alpinia galanga oil @ 10.20% Data amomum testaceum ridl. fruit oil malaysia @ 3.20% Data angelica root oil @ 32.19% Data angelica seed oil @ 5.20% Data angelica seed oil CO2 extract @ 11.80% Data anise oil anise seed anise seed oil star china @ 0.49% Data anise star anise fruit apple custard apple plant apple fruit PMC armoise oil morocco @ 1.5% Data artemisia campestris spp. glutinosa flower oil italy @ 2.60% Data artemisia diffusa krasch. ex poljak oil iran @ 0.40% Data artemisia santolina schrenk oil iran @ 0.70% Data artemisia variabilis flower oil italy @ 0.80% Data ayou wood oil @ 2.80% Data basil flower oil sweet @ 0.04% Data basil leaf oil basil leaf oil sweet (ocimum basilicum) @ 0.13% Data basil oil basil oil CO2 sweet @ trace% Data basil oil sweet @ 0.16% Data basil oil sweet egypt @ 0.28% Data basil oil sweet poland @ 0.83% Data basil oil var. glabratum turkey @ 0.43% Data basil plant basil shoot oil basswood flower bay laurel bark bay laurel flower bay laurel fruit oil bay laurel leaf bay laurel leaf oil bay laurel wood bay leaf oil @ 0.46-0.47% Data bay leaf oil anise @ 0.2% Data bay leaf oil lemon @ 0.5% Data bergamot mint oil @ 0.0-0.1% Data bergamot oil @ 0.720-1.844% Data bergamot oil @ 2.2% Data bergamot oil turkey @ 0.81% Data bergamot plant wild blackberry fruit PMC blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. sanguinello) italy @ 0.502% Data blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. tarocco) italy @ 0.478% Data blood orange oil italy @ 0.480% Data blueberry fruit boldo leaf oil italy @ 0.02% Data boldus leaf oil chile @ 0.01% Data bombycilaena erecta oil greece @ 0.40% Data buchu leaf oil @ 0.37% Data cabocla flower oil brazil @ 0.90% Data cajuput oil @ 1.0% Data cajuput oil vietnam @ 3.2% Data calamintha nepeta (l.) savi subsp. glandulosa oil greece @ 0.70% Data calamus root oil mongolia @ 0.70% Data cananga fruit oil @ 11.1% Data cananga leaf oil @ 14.0% Data cananga odorata oil java @ 0.06% Data caraway plant caraway seed caraway seed oil @ 0.05% Data cardamom fruit cardamom fruit oil cardamom oil CO2 extract guatemala @ 0.70% Data cardamom root oil cardamom seed oil cardamom seed oil @ 2.30% Data carqueja oil @ 6.40% Data carrot leaf oil @ trace% Data carrot root carrot seed carrot seed oil @ 9.09% Data carrot seed oil @ trace% Data carrot seed oil spain @ 0.50-1.73% Data carrot shoot carrot weed oil @ 1.42% Data cascarilla bark oil @ 2.59% Data cassia bark cassia bark oil china @ 3.47% Data cassia leaf oil china @ 3.47% Data cassinia laevis flower oil australia @ 13.60% Data cassinia laevis leaf oil australia @ 9.80% Data cassis bud oil @ 1.30-9.23% Data cedarleaf oil canada @ 0.55-1.31% Data celery leaf oil celery leaf oil @ 0.20% Data celery seed celery seed oil celery seed oil egypt @ 0.14% Data celery seed oil india @ 0.05% Data celery stem oil chamomile flower oil germany @ trace% Data chamomile garden chamomile plant chamomile oil @ 1.05% Data chamomile oil morocco @ 15.00% Data champaca concrete @ 0.12% Data champaca concrete @ trace% Data chenopodium ambrosioides oil @ 10.0% Data cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 4.80% Data cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 8.00% Data cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum blume) india @ 0.18% Data cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum blume) sri lauka @ 0.04-0.07% Data cinnamon bark oil ceylon @ 3.47% Data cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon root bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon stem bark cinnamon fruit oil india @ 0.1-1.6% Data cinnamon leaf oil ceylon @ 0.33% Data cinnamon oil CO2 extract @ 0.06-0.21% Data cinnamon twig oil @ 0.21% Data citronella oil ceylon @ 1.87% Data citronella oil china @ 0.01% Data citronella oil java @ 0.05% Data citronella oil zimbabwe @ 0.32% Data clary sage oil france @ 0.10-0.20% Data clary sage oil greece @ 0.10% Data clary sage oil sardinia @ 0.10% Data clary sage oil spain @ 0.30% Data clove bud oil @ 0.02% Data clove leaf oil @ 0.03% Data clove stem oil india @ 0.03% Data coriander fruit coriander oil coriander seed oil coriander seed oil @ 1.80% Data coriander seed oil cuba @ 1.14% Data corn husk oil cornmint oil india @ 0.15% Data cornmint plant costmary oil @ 0.04% Data cotton plant crithmum maritimum l. oil turkey @ 0.70% Data croton cajucara benth. leaf oil brazil @ 0.60% Data croton flavens l. (welensali) leaf oil curacao @ 16.00% Data cubeb oil @ 5.44% Data cumin cumin seed cumin seed oil cumin seed oil egypt @ 0.78% Data cumin seed oil turkey @ 1.2% Data curcuma amada roxb. rhizome oil india @ 0.40% Data currant black currant fruit currant black currant leaf curry fruit oil india @ 48.10% Data curry leaf oil india @ 9.00% Data curry wood leaf oil australia @ 0.30% Data cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf. oil cuba @ 0.10% Data cypress cone oil egypt @ 48.2% Data cypress oil @ 47.00-52.76% Data dill leaf dill oil dill seed dill seed oil dill shoot oil dill weed oil cuba @ 3.17% Data dill weed oil reunion @ 1.70% Data echinophora cinerea oil iran @ 9.60% Data elemi oil @ 5.40% Data elyonurus muticus (sprengel) o.kuntze leaf oil brazil @ 0.90% Data erigeron graveolens l. oil iran @ 0.20% Data eriocephalus punctulatus oil @ 6.00% Data eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn. leaf oil jerusalem @ 0.70% Data eucalyptus camaldulensis dehnh. leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.80% Data eucalyptus citriodora oil @ 0.14% Data eucalyptus dalrympleana maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 26.20% Data eucalyptus deaneti maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.90% Data eucalyptus delegatensis r. baker leaf oil ethiopia @ 28.30% Data eucalyptus globulus bicostata oil @ 1.90% Data eucalyptus globulus fruit oil @ 3.61% Data eucalyptus globulus maidenii f. muell oil @ 3.65% Data eucalyptus globulus oil @ 12.49% Data eucalyptus globulus oil burundia @ 8.80% Data eucalyptus globulus oil pakistan @ 0.30% Data eucalyptus globulus oil rwanda @ 6.23% Data eucalyptus globulus oil zambia @ 14.00% Data eucalyptus globulus pseudoglobulus oil @ 12.27% Data eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 44.70% Data eucalyptus nitens (deane et maiden) maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 21.70% Data eucalyptus saligna smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 38.50% Data eucalyptus tereticornis smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 24.40% Data eucalyptus urophylla s.t. blake leaf oil ethiopia @ 13.30% Data eucalyptus viminalis labill. leaf oil ethiopia @ 28.20% Data featherfew leaf oil @ 1.65% Data fennel flower oil bitter lithuania @ 4.08% Data fennel oil fennel plant fennel root oil fennel seed fennel seed oil fennel seed oil bitter lithuania @ 19.50% Data fennel seed oil bitter spain @ 0.20% Data fennel seed oil sweet @ 0.25% Data feverfew flower oil @ 0.2% Data feverfew leaf oil belgium @ 1.0% Data fig leaf oil fir korean fir PbMd fir needle oil canada @ 6.18-14.29% Data fir needle oil siberia @ 13.74% Data fleabane oil @ 0.20% Data foeniculum vulgare piperitum oil @ 0.60% Data frankincense oil somalia @ 3.50% Data galangal root oil @ 5.80% Data geranium leaf oil india @ 0.20% Data geranium oil bourbon @ 0.24% Data geranium oil rwanda @ 0.03% Data geranium petiole oil india @ 0.13% Data geranium stem oil india @ 0.10% Data ginger ginger rhizome ginger rhizome oil ginger root oil brazil @ 2.30% Data ginger root oil china @ 1.04% Data gingergrass oil @ 0.02% Data glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) seed oil india @ 2.10% Data grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.50% Data grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.51% Data grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.52% Data grapefruit oil c.p. italy @ 0.42% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.74% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.74% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.78% Data grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 1.76% Data grapefruit oil california @ 0.45% Data grapefruit oil CO2 extract @ 0.21% Data guava fruit guava leaf oil guava oil guava pericarp oil helichrysum italicum oil america @ 3.41% Data heracleum candolleanum rhizome oil india @ 18.90% Data heracleum paphlagonicum czeczott fruit oil turkey @ 0.10% Data herniaria incana lam. oil greece @ trace% Data hinoki leaf oil @ 1.01% Data hinoki root oil @ 0.73% Data hinoki wood oil @ 0.44% Data ho leaf oil @ 0.12% Data horsemint shoot hypericum dogonbadanicum assadi oil iran @ 34.70% Data hyptis spicigera lam. oil mali @ 6.00-14.00% Data hyptis suaveolens (l.) poit. oil mali @ 1.80-2.60% Data hyssop leaf hyssop oil hyssop oil @ trace% Data hyssop oil CO2 extract @ trace% Data hyssop shoot jambu flower oil brazil @ 2.10% Data juniper berry oil @ 33.60% Data juniper berry oil CO2 extract @ 14.10% Data juniper branch oil @ 18.70% Data juniper needle oil @ 33.70% Data kachur oil @ 1.30% Data kewda oil @ 0.30-0.40% Data labdanum leaf oil @ 39.00% Data labdanum oil @ 0.37% Data laurel bark oil @ 4.0% Data laurel berry oil @ 2.1% Data laurel leaf oil @ 5.8% Data laurel leaf oil turkey @ 4.60% Data laurel stem oil @ 3.5% Data laurel wood oil @ 1.0% Data lavandin oil abrialis @ 0.89% Data lavandin oil china @ 7.91% Data lavandin oil grosso @ 0.61% Data lavandula officinalis flower oil @ 0.80% Data lavender oil CO2 extract france @ 0.27% Data lavender oil france @ 0.14% Data lavender oil greece @ 0.58% Data lavender oil spike @ 1.80% Data lavender oil spike france @ 4.77% Data lavender oil spike spain @ 1.11% Data lemon lemon fruit oil lemon leaf oil lemon oil lemon oil california @ 1.75% Data lemon oil expressed italy @ 1.90% Data lemon pericarp lemon pericarp oil lemon petiole lemon verbena oil morocco @ 1.4% Data lemon verbena oil turkey @ 1.42% Data lemongrass oil @ 0.06% Data lemongrass oil @ 5.40% Data lemongrass oil egypt @ 0.73% Data lemongrass oil morocco @ 0.40% Data lemongrass plant levisticum officinale flower oil @ 1.01% Data levisticum officinale seed oil @ 1.47% Data lime lime fruit lime oil CO2 extract mexico @ 0.03% Data lime oil distilled mexico @ 1.02% Data lime oil distilled peru @ 0.99% Data lime oil expressed florida @ 3.2% Data lippia aff. gracillis h.b.k. leaf oil brazil @ 0.60% Data litsea cubeba oil china @ 1.43% Data lovage flower oil @ 1.20% Data lovage leaf oil @ 0.70% Data lovage root lovage root oil @ 0.65% Data lovage seed oil @ 1.90% Data mace oil @ 1.30% Data mace oil CO2 extract @ 6.60% Data mace oil east india @ 15.24% Data mandarin mandarin fruit mandarin oil @ 2.29% Data mandarin oil avana @ 1.78% Data mandarin oil avana @ 1.79% Data mandarin oil italy @ 2.29% Data mandarin oil italy @ 2.36% Data mandarin oil japan @ 1.20% Data mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.48-0.50% Data mango flower manuka var. eximium oil australia @ 18.10% Data manuka var. rotundifolium oil australia @ 30.80% Data manuka var. scoparium oil new zealand @ 1.31% Data marjoram oil marjoram oil @ 2.63% Data marjoram oil spain @ 2.00% Data marjoram oil sweet cuba @ 0.64% Data marjoram oil sweet cyprus @ 1.00-1.90% Data marjoram oil sweet iran @ 0.80% Data marjoram oil sweet morocco @ 0.39% Data marjoram oil sweet turkey @ 1.66-1.76% Data marjoram plant marjoram pot oil turkey @ 0.78-2.69% Data marsypianthes chamaedrys (vahl) kuntze oil brazil @ 0.70% Data mastic fruit oil @ 0.21% Data mastic leaf oil @ 0.47% Data mastic oil @ 78.61% Data mayur pankh fruit oil himalaya @ 67.80% Data melissa oil @ 0.05% Data melissa oil slovak republic @ 0.15% Data michelia alba flower absolute @ 0.17% Data microstrobos fitzgeraldii leaf oil australia @ 22.70% Data microstrobos niphophilus leaf oil australia @ 26.90% Data mikan peel oil @ 0.64% Data mikania cordata (burm. f.) b.l. robinson var. cordata leaf oil france @ 9.60% Data mugwort plant myristica fragrans fruit oil @ 13.60% Data myrrhinium atropurpureum schott leaf oil brazil @ 12.20% Data myrtle lemon scented leaf oil australia @ 7.80% Data myrtle oil @ 35.20% Data narcissus absolute @ 2.39% Data narcissus absolute @ 6.07% Data nepeta cephalotes boiss. oil iran @ 2.10% Data nepeta denudata benth. oil iran @ 1.70% Data nepeta racemosa lam. oil iran @ 0.40% Data neroli bigarde oil france @ 0.28% Data neroli oil CO2 extract @ 0.46% Data niaouli oil egypt @ 6.20% Data nutmeg extract CO2 west indian @ 6.40% Data nutmeg flower oil @ 9.51% Data nutmeg leaf oil nutmeg leaf oil @ 8.62-34.64% Data nutmeg oil nutmeg oil hydrodistilled india @ 13.6% Data nutmeg oil india @ 22.00% Data nutmeg seed nutmeg seed oil ocimum gratissimum l. oil brazil @ 0.27% Data orange orange bigarade oil @ 0.11% Data orange fruit orange fruit juice orange oil c.p. brazil @ 0.89-0.95% Data orange peel oil bitter brazil @ 0.89% Data orange peel oil bitter china @ 1.17% Data orange peel oil bitter italy @ 0.40% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.471% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.475% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.475% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.482% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.534% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. egypt @ 0.68% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. florida @ 0.43% Data orange peel oil sweet c.p. valencia @ 0.42% Data oregano oil oregano oil mexico @ 0.56% Data oregano plant oregano plant oregano shoot oregano shoot oil origanum oil greece @ 0.69% Data osmanthus absolute @ trace% Data otanthus maritimus (l.) hoffmans oil greece @ 0.20% Data parsley fruit parsley fruit oil parsley leaf parsley leaf oil @ 0.25% Data parsley leaf oil cuba @ 0.03% Data parsley leaf oil egypt @ 6.94% Data parsley root parsley seed parsley seed oil parsley seed oil @ 22.28% Data patchouli oil china @ 0.09% Data pennyroyal oil @ 0.40% Data pennyroyal oil cuba @ 0.35% Data pennyroyal oil spain @ 1.50% Data pennyroyal oil uruguay @ trace-0.40% Data pepper bell pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit oil pepper black pepper oil pepper black pepper seed oil pepper oil black india @ 7.80% Data pepper tree berry oil @ 2.66% Data pepper tree leaf oil @ 1.46% Data peppermint leaf peppermint oil america @ 1.34% Data peppermint oil CO2 extract @ 0.20% Data peppermint oil russia @ 0.80% Data persea americana mill. fruit oil cuba @ 5.20% Data petitgrain bergamot oil @ 0.09% Data petitgrain bigarade oil @ 0.20% Data petitgrain combava oil @ 0.06% Data petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 2.40% Data petitgrain lemon oil @ 0.15% Data petitgrain lime oil @ 0.30% Data petitgrain mandarin oil @ 0.98% Data petitgrain oil @ 0.20% Data petitgrain sweet oil @ 0.95% Data phlomis fruticosa l. flower oil greece @ 8.90% Data phoebe oil brazil @ 1.29% Data pimenta leaf oil @ 0.56% Data pimenta racemosa leaf oil lemon @ 0.19% Data pimento berry oil @ trace% Data pimento berry oil CO2 extract jamaica @ trace% Data pine needle oil dwarf @ 9.95% Data pine needle oil scotch siberia @ 29.2-36.6% Data pinus laricio poiret branch oil italy @ 89.20% Data pinus laricio poiret cone oil italy @ 68.60% Data pinus laricio poiret leaf oil italy @ 53.40% Data pinus sylvestris l. needle oil estonia @ 28.10% Data pinus sylvestris l. needle oil yugoslavia @ 40.30% Data piper cernum vell. var. cernum yuncker leaf oil brazil @ 10.20% Data pittosporum spp. fruit oil malaysia @ 60.20% Data plectranthus glandulosus hook f. leaf oil cameroon @ 0.60% Data plum fruit plumcot fruit PMC pomelo prangos uechtritzii boiss. et hausskn. fruit oil turkey @ 6.10% Data prangos uloptera dc. oil iran @ 1.30% Data prangos uloptera dc. seed oil iran @ 41.90% Data protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march fruit oil brazil @ 71.20% Data protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march leaf oil brazil @ 1.60% Data protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march resin oil brazil @ 10.50% Data pteronia oil @ 18.60% Data ravintsara leaf oil @ 5.55%% Data rose oil otto bulgaria @ 0.38% Data rosemary rosemary leaf rosemary leaf oil rosemary oil rosemary oil china @ 8.53% Data rosemary oil CO2 extract @ 8.30% Data rosemary oil corsica @ 22.00% Data rosemary oil egypt @ 2.46% Data rosemary oil france @ 19.91-35.08% Data rosemary oil morocco @ 9.56-12.72% Data rosemary oil spain @ 4.4% Data rosemary oil turkey @ 0.44% Data rosemary plant rosemary sap rosemary shoot rosemary shoot oil rue oil china @ 0.02% Data saffron stigma sage sage leaf oil sage oil sage oil albania @ 1.10% Data sage oil cuba @ 0.81% Data sage oil dalmatian @ 0.20% Data sage oil dalmatian @ 1.10% Data sage oil dalmatian @ 3.69% Data sage oil england @ 3.70% Data sage oil france @ 0.70% Data sage oil germany @ 4.08% Data sage oil hydrodistillation france @ 5.90% Data sage oil lithuania @ 6.05% Data sage oil reunion @ 5.40% Data sage oil sardinia @ 3.70% Data sage oil spain @ 4.5% Data sage oil spain @ 4.7-10.9% Data sage oil spain @ 4.80% Data sage plant salvia atropatana bunge oil iran @ 0.10% Data salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil @ 0.50% Data salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil spain @ 2.70% Data salvia officinalis oil cuba @ 0.81% Data salvia officinalis oil reunion @ 2.71% Data salvia officinalis seed oil tunisia @ 1.26% Data salvia sclarea oil @ 4.57% Data salvia sclarea seed oil tunisia @ 0.27% Data salvia verbenaca seed oil tunisia @ 0.44% Data santolina oil @ 0.23% Data satureja khuzistanica jamzad oil iran @ 0.30% Data satureja viminea l. oil costa rica @ 0.40% Data savin oil @ 1.60% Data savin oil @ 69.00% Data savory oil summer @ 2.35-3.83% Data savory oil winter @ 3.60% Data savory oleoresin winter @ 3.60% Data savory summer savory plant savory winter savory oil savory winter savory plant sideritis scardica l. oil bulgaria @ 1.40% Data sideritis syriaca l. oil bulgaria @ 18.20% Data skimmia laureola oil @ 0.2% Data snake root oil canada @ 0.90% Data spearmint leaf spearmint oil spearmint oil america @ 0.51-0.72% Data spikenard oil @ 0.10% Data stachys recta l. oil serbia @ 0.50% Data strawberry wild strawberry fruit sugandha kokila berry oil @ 1.20% Data sunflower plant tagete flower oil rwanda @ trace% Data tagete oil egypt @ 0.12% Data tagete oil rwanda @ 0.03% Data tagete oil turkey @ 0.06% Data tamarind fruit oil tamarind seed oil tanacetum annum l. oil marocco @ 4.90% Data tangerine oil america @ 1.41% Data tansy flower oil canada @ 1.34% Data tansy flower oil dutch @ 0.20% Data tansy leaf oil dutch @ 0.30% Data tansy oil argentina @ trace% Data tansy oil canada @ 0.20% Data tansy oil marocco @ 1.30% Data tarragon leaf oil tarragon oil tarragon oil @ trace% Data tarragon root oil tarragon shoot taxodium distichum (l.) richard branch oil italy @ 53.70% Data taxodium distichum (l.) richard cone oil italy @ 71.30% Data taxodium distichum (l.) richard leaf oil italy @ 79.70% Data tea leaf tejpat oil @ 1.50% Data thevetia peruviana (pers.) k. schum. flower oil brazil @ 0.50% Data thyme absolute @ trace% Data thyme oil thyme oil portuguese @ 0.7% Data thyme oil red CO2 extract @ 0.01% Data thyme oil red india @ 0.4% Data thyme oil red spain @ 0.49-1.34% Data thyme oil spain @ 0.04% Data thyme oil spain @ 2.28% Data thyme oil wild or creeping finland @ 1.90% Data thyme oil wild or creeping france @ 0.08% Data thyme oil wild or creeping pakistan @ 0.27% Data thyme plant thymus richardii pers. subsp. nitidus (guss.) jalas oil italy @ 0.70% Data tomato tomato fruit trachyspermum roxburghianum benth. ex. kurz. seed oil india @ 0.30% Data turmeric leaf turmeric oil china @ 0.53% Data turmeric rhizome turmeric rhizome oil turmeric root oil CO2 extract @ 1.25% Data turmeric root oil hydrodistilled @ 0.25% Data turmeric tuber valerian root oil @ 0.1-0.2% Data valerian root oil china @ 5.46% Data valerian root oil CO2 extract china @ 0.60% Data vassoura oil @ 2.90% Data verbena oil france @ 0.60% Data walnut black walnut fruit walnut black walnut nut walnut black walnut oil water mint leaf water mint shoot wormseed oil america @ 0.82% Data wormseed oil spain @ 0.09% Data wormwood flower oil annus america @ 0.24% Data wormwood leaf oil annus america @ 0.40-0.50% Data wormwood oil america @ 0.69% Data wormwood oil annus france @ 4.20-15.66% Data wormwood oil annus vietnam @ 0.74% Data wormwood oil cuba @ 1.24% Data wormwood oil italy @ 0.3% Data wormwood oil poland @ 3.23% Data xylopia aromatica (lam.) mart. leaf oil cuba @ 0.20% Data yarrow leaf oil @ 0.80% Data yarrow oil @ 4.20% Data yarrow oil greece @ 0.40% Data yarrow oil hungary @ 4.10% Data ylang ylang ylang ylang oil @ 1.87% Data ylang ylang oil CO2 extract @ 0.19% Data ylang ylang oil I (cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas.) @ 0.16% Data ylang ylang oil II (cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas.) @ 0.13% Data ylang ylang oil III @ 0.08% Data yuzu leaf oil @ 0.68-1.62% Data yuzu peel oil c.p. @ 0.95-1.11% Data yuzu peel oil CO2 extract @ 0.64-0.90% Data zanthoxylum bracchyacanthum l. leaf oil australia @ 46.00% Data zanthoxylum ovalifolium l. leaf oil australia @ 31.60% Data zingiber officinale root oil china @ 0.69% Data zinnia elegans jacq. flower oil brazil @ 0.90% Data

Synonyms

DL- pin-2(3)-ene dextro,laevo- pin-2(3)-ene .alpha.- pinene 2- pinene a- pinene alpha- pinene (natural) alpha- pinene (refined) (natural) pinene alpha pinene alpha naturel pinene alpha PF alpha- pinene natural alpha- pinene P & F alpha- pinene P and F alpha- pinene PF alpha- pinene, natural 2,6,6- trimethyl bicyclo-3,1,1-2-heptene 2,6,6- trimethyl bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-2-ene 4,7,7- trimethyl bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-3-ene 4,7,7- trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene PubMed: Chemical description and essential oil yield variability of different accessions of Salvia lavandulifolia. PubMed: Milk volatile organic compounds and fatty acid profile in cows fed timothy as hay, pasture, or silage. PubMed: Inhibitory effects of fruit flavors on methane production during anaerobic digestion. PubMed: Comparative study on the antioxidant capacity and cholinesterase inhibitory activity of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, C. aurantium L., and C. bergamia Risso and Poit. peel essential oils. PubMed: The compositions of volatiles and aroma-active compounds in dried omija fruits (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) according to the cultivation areas. PubMed: Microbial oxidation of (-)-α-pinene to verbenol production by newly isolated strains. PubMed: Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods. PubMed: Evaluation of aroma-active compounds in Pontianak orange peel oil ( Citrus nobilis Lour. Var. microcarpa Hassk.) by gas chromatography-olfactometry, aroma reconstitution, and omission test. PubMed: Comparison of sugar, acids, and volatile composition in raspberry bushy dwarf virus-resistant transgenic raspberries and the wild type 'meeker' (rubus idaeus L.). PubMed: Chemical composition of volatile extract and biological activities of volatile and less-volatile extracts of juniper berry (Juniperus drupacea L.) fruit. PubMed: Application of biotransformation in flavor and fragrance industry. PubMed: Volatile organic compounds of Angelica gigas Nakai, Korean medicinal herb. PubMed: Character impact odorants of fennel fruits and fennel tea. PubMed: Effect of different locations on the chemical composition of essential oils of laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) leaves growing wild in Turkey. PubMed: Characterization of odorants causing an atypical aroma in white pepper powder (Piper nigrum L.) based on quantitative measurements and orthonasal breakthrough thresholds. PubMed: Gain and loss of fruit flavor compounds produced by wild and cultivated strawberry species. PubMed: Volatile constituents and key odorants in leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits of Laurus nobilis L. PubMed: Characterization of volatiles in bullock's heart (Annona reticulata L.) fruit cultivars from Cuba. PubMed: Effects of pulsed electric field processing and storage on the quality and stability of single-strength orange juice. PubMed: Characterization of volatiles in Costa Rican guava [Psidium friedrichsthalianum (Berg) Niedenzu] fruit. PubMed: Characterization of volatiles in strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine) fruit. PubMed: Characterization of the odor-active volatiles in citrus Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka). PubMed: Development of rancidity in wheat germ analyzed by headspace gas chromatography and sensory analysis. PubMed: Flavor compounds of pine sprout tea and pine needle tea. PubMed: Encapsulation of lemon oil by paste method using beta-cyclodextrin: encapsulation efficiency and profile of oil volatiles. PubMed: High-temperature forced-air treatment alters the quantity of flavor-related, volatile constituents present in navel and Valencia oranges. PubMed: Characterization of the key aroma compounds in dried fruits of the West African peppertree Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich (Annonaceae) using aroma extract dilution analysis. PubMed: Antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of the volatile oil from the wild pepper Piper capense used in Cameroon as a culinary spice. PubMed: Gaseous pollutants emitted from a mechanical biological treatment plant for municipal solid waste: odor assessment and photochemical reactivity. PubMed: Comparative assessment of a biofilter, a biotrickling filter and a hollow fiber membrane bioreactor for odor treatment in wastewater treatment plants. PubMed: Characterization of olfactory sensilla of the olive fly: behavioral and electrophysiological responses to volatile organic compounds from the host plant and bacterial filtrate. PubMed: Effects of starvation on the olfactory responses of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus. PubMed: Olfactory discrimination ability of South African fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus) for enantiomers. PubMed: Odor abatement in biotrickling filters: effect of the EBRT on methyl mercaptan and hydrophobic VOCs removal. PubMed: Both gas chromatography and an electronic nose reflect chemical polymorphism of juniper shrubs browsed or avoided by sheep. PubMed: Chemosensory irritations and pulmonary effects of acute exposure to emissions from oriented strand board. PubMed: Effect of volatile emissions, especially alpha-pinene, from persimmon trees infested by Japanese wax scales or treated with methyl jasmonate on recruitment of ladybeetle predators. PubMed: Specificity and redundancy in the olfactory system of the bark beetle Ips typographus: single-cell responses to ecologically relevant odors. PubMed: Relationship between sick building syndrome and indoor environmental factors in newly built Japanese dwellings. PubMed: Manuka oil and phoebe oil are attractive baits for Xyleborus glabratus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), the vector of laurel wilt. PubMed: Beetle visitations, and associations with quantitative variation of attractants in floral odors of Homalomena propinqua (Araceae). PubMed: Evaluation of aroma-active compounds in Pontianak orange peel oil ( Citrus nobilis Lour. Var. microcarpa Hassk.) by gas chromatography-olfactometry, aroma reconstitution, and omission test. PubMed: Responses of the Mediterranean pine shoot beetle Tomicus destruens (Wollaston) to pine shoot and bark volatiles. PubMed: Evaluation of characteristic aroma compounds of Citrus natsudaidai Hayata (Natsudaidai) cold-pressed peel oil. PubMed: Application of two-stage biofilter system for the removal of odorous compounds. PubMed: Defensive secretion components of the host Parastizopus armaticeps as kairomones for the cleptoparasite Eremostibes opacus. PubMed: Character impact odorants of fennel fruits and fennel tea. PubMed: Characterization of odorants causing an atypical aroma in white pepper powder (Piper nigrum L.) based on quantitative measurements and orthonasal breakthrough thresholds. PubMed: Volatile constituents and key odorants in leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits of Laurus nobilis L. PubMed: Effects of alpha-pinene odor in different concentrations on stress-induced hyperthermia in rats. PubMed: Phytochemistry of the mopane, Colophospermum mopane. PubMed: Changes in volatile compounds of carrots (Daucus carota L.) during refrigerated and frozen storage. PubMed: Odor compound detection in male euglossine bees. PubMed: Aroma compound analysis of Piper nigrum and Piper guineense essential oils from Cameroon using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography, solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and olfactometry. PubMed: Alleviating effects of plant-derived fragrances on stress-induced hyperthermia in rats. PubMed: Exogenous methyl jasmonate induces volatile emissions in cotton plants. PubMed: Characterization of the odor-active volatiles in citrus Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka). PubMed: Effect of in situ composting on reducing offensive odors and volatile organic compounds in swineries. PubMed: Dynamic deadspace-gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of different anatomical parts of lovage (Levisticum officinale Koch.) at eight growing stages. PubMed: Development of rancidity in wheat germ analyzed by headspace gas chromatography and sensory analysis. PubMed: Characterization of the key aroma compounds in dried fruits of the West African peppertree Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich (Annonaceae) using aroma extract dilution analysis. PubMed: Enantioselectivity of odor perception in squirrel monkeys and humans. PubMed: Olfactory discrimination ability of human subjects for ten pairs of enantiomers.