acetyl-laevo-tyrosine

(2S)-2-acetamido-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid

CAS: 537-55-3 C11 H13 N O4 MW: 223.22841000

Identification

Nameacetyl-laevo-tyrosine
CAS Number537-55-3
EINECS208-671-3
FDA UNIIDA8G610ZO5
Molecular FormulaC11 H13 N O4
Molecular Weight223.22841000
MDL NumberMFCD00037190
Nikkaji NumberJ62.819K
Beilstein2697172
XlogP3-0.20 (est)

Regulatory

Physical Properties

Assay 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed No
Melting Point 152.00 to 154.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 530.00 to 533.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point 527.00 °F. TCC ( 275.00 °C. )
logP (o/w) 1.320
Shelf Life 6.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage refrigerate in tightly sealed containers.
Soluble in water, 9383 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesskin conditioning

No sensory data available

Safety Information

European informationMost important hazard(s):
Oral/Parenteral ToxicityNot determined
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categorycosmetic ingredient for skin conditioning
Recommendation for acetyl-laevo-tyrosine usage levels up tonot for fragrance use.
Recommendation for acetyl-laevo-tyrosine flavor usage levels up tonot for flavor use.

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Potential Uses

biological additives skin conditioning tanning agents

Natural Occurrence

not found in nature

Synonyms

AC-TYR-OH (2S)-2- acetamido-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (S)-2- acetamido-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid acetyl tyrosine N- acetyl-L-tyrosin acetyl-L-tyrosine N- acetyl-L-tyrosine acetyl-laevo-tyrosine N- acetyl-laevo-tyrosine (S)-2- acetylamino-3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propionic acid (2S)-2- acetylamino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (2S)-2-( acetylamino)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid L-N- acetyltyrosine tyrosine, N-acetyl- L- tyrosine, N-acetyl- tyrosine, N-acetyl-, L- PubMed: N-acetyl-l-tyrosine is an intrinsic triggering factor of mitohormesis in stressed animals PubMed: N-Acetyl-3,5-dibromo-l-tyrosine hemihydrate PubMed: Electrode Potentials of l-Tryptophan, l-Tyrosine, 3-Nitro-l-tyrosine, 2,3-Difluoro-l-tyrosine, and 2,3,5-Trifluoro-l-tyrosine PubMed: Utilization of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and glycyl-L-tyrosine during long-term parenteral nutrition in the growing rat PubMed: N-acetyl-L-tyrosine as a tyrosine source during total parenteral nutrition in adult rats PubMed: Amino acid solutions for premature neonates during the first week of life: the role of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and N-acetyl-L-tyrosine PubMed: N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine as tyrosine and cysteine precursors during intravenous infusion in humans PubMed: N-acetyl-L-tyrosine (NAT) as a substrate for mushroom tyrosinase PubMed: N-acetyl-L-tyrosine as a tyrosine source in adult parenteral nutrition PubMed: Utilization of tyrosine-containing dipeptides and N-acetyl-tyrosine in hepatic failure PubMed: Highly Active Copolymerization of Ethylene and N-Acetyl-O-(?-Alkenyl)-l-Tyrosine Ethyl Esters Catalyzed by Titanium Complex PubMed: Effects of acute ingestion of a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without p-synephrine on resting energy expenditure, cognitive function and exercise performance PubMed: 15N chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization during reaction of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine with the nitrating systems nitrite/hydrogen peroxide/horseradish peroxidase and nitrite/hypochloric PubMed: Positive regulation of melanin pigmentation by two key substrates of the melanogenic pathway, L-tyrosine and L-dopa PubMed: Dimerisation of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester and Abeta peptides via formation of dityrosine PubMed: Synthesis and evaluation of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine based compounds as PPARalpha selective activators PubMed: N-acetyl-L-tyrosine methyl ester monohydrate at 293 and 123 K PubMed: Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8ÿweeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males PubMed: Clearance of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in infants receiving a pediatric amino acid solution PubMed: Mechanism of nasal absorption of drugs. II: Absorption of L-tyrosine and the effect of structural modification on its absorption PubMed: Adjuvant activity of carbohydrate analogs of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine on the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea pig PubMed: THE ALPHA-CHYMOTRYPSIN-CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS AND HYDROXYLAMINOLYSIS OF N-ACETYL-L-TYROSINE ETHYL ESTER PubMed: Kinetic evidence for the formation of a Michaelis-Menten-like complex between horseradish peroxidase compound II and di-(N-acetyl-L-tyrosine) PubMed: Phenol red-silk tyrosine cross-linked hydrogels PubMed: Brain tyrosine increases after treating with prodrugs: comparison with tyrosine PubMed: Metabolite Profiles of the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Neurosyphilis Patients Determined by Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis PubMed: Hapten-specific T cell response to azobenzene-arsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine (ABA-tyr) in Lewis rats. II. Induction and suppression of ABA-specific helper cell activity for antibody production PubMed: N-acetyl tyrosyluria caused by parenteral or enteral administration of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine: differentiation from hereditary and acquired tyrosinemias PubMed: Proton NMR relaxation studies of solid tyrosine derivatives and their mixtures with L-leucinamide PubMed: Endogenous metabolites promote stress resistance through induction of mitohormesis PubMed: Delayed hypersensitivity to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine. In vivo and in vitro study PubMed: Nitric oxide trapping of the tyrosyl radical-chemistry and biochemistry PubMed: A study of the intermolecular interactions of tolmetin/N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester complex PubMed: Carbohydrate-aromatic interactions: vibrational spectroscopy and structural assignment of isolated monosaccharide complexes with p-hydroxy toluene and N-acetyl l-tyrosine methylamide PubMed: Expression and protease characterization of a conserved protein YgjD in Vibrio harveyi PubMed: Tyrosinase inhibitory study of flavonolignans from the seeds of Silybum marianum (Milk thistle) PubMed: Delayed hypersensitivity to mono-azobenzene-arsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine. I. Induction of cellular sensitivity in the rat PubMed: THE CHYMOTRYPSIN-CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF N-ACETYL-L-TYROSINE HYDROXAMIC ACID PubMed: Tyrosinase Inhibition and Kinetic Details of Puerol A Having But-2-Enolide Structure from Amorpha fruticosa PubMed: Tyrosine iminoxyl radical formation from tyrosyl radical/nitric oxide and nitrosotyrosine PubMed: Effects of thymol on mushroom tyrosinase-catalyzed melanin formation PubMed: The enthalpimetric determination of the Michaelis constant of the alpha-chymotrypsin-catalysed hydrolysis of N-acetyl-l-tyrosine ethyl ester based on the integrated Michaelis--Menten equatio PubMed: The Marine Seagrass Halophila stipulacea as a Source of Bioactive Metabolites against Obesity and Biofouling PubMed: KINETICS OF IODINATION. II. GENERAL BASE CATALYSIS IN THE IODINATION OF N-ACETYL-L-TYROSINE AND N-ACETYL-3-IODO-L-TYROSINE PubMed: Purification and properties of thermostable N-acylamino acid racemase from Amycolatopsis sp. TS-1-60 PubMed: Astaxanthin attenuates d-galactose-induced brain aging in rats by ameliorating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and regulating metabolic markers PubMed: Gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in captive and wild North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis) by comparsion using 16ÿs rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomics PubMed: Tyrosinase and catechol oxidase activity of copper(I) complexes supported by imidazole-based ligands: structure-reactivity correlations PubMed: THE ALPHA-CHYMOTRYPSIN-CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS OF ALPHA-N AND O-ALKYL DERIVATIVES OF ALPHA-N-ACETYL-L-TYROSINE METHYL ESTER PubMed: Faecal chymotrypsin--a new photometric method using N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester as substrate PubMed: Hapten-specific T-cell response to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in the Lewis rat. IV. Rat dendritic cells present soluble and insoluble azobenzenearsonate conjugates to T cells PubMed: Analysis of proteases involved in phagocytic activity of macrophages through the use of various amino acid esters PubMed: Indirect oxidation of amino acid phenylhydrazides by mushroom tyrosinase PubMed: Improved synthesis of [??F]FS-PTAD as a new tyrosine-specific prosthetic group for radiofluorination of biomolecules PubMed: Adjuvant activity of synthetic cell-wall peptidoglycan subunits on monoazobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and bacterial alpha-amylase in guinea pigs PubMed: UV-Vis spectroscopy of tyrosine side-groups in studies of protein structure. Part 1: basic principles and properties of tyrosine chromophore PubMed: Electrochemical detection of transketolase activity using a tyrosinase biosensor PubMed: Acute Liver Failure Caused by Use of Fat Burner: A Case Report PubMed: Adjuvant activity of N-acetyl muramyl dipeptides for the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea pigs PubMed: Quantification of a peptide standard using the intrinsic fluorescence of tyrosine PubMed: Structures of aminoacylase 3 in complex with acetylated substrates PubMed: Circular dichroism studies of diethyl pyrocarbonate-modified histidine in hen egg white lysozyme PubMed: Identification and evaluation as a DNA vaccine candidate of a virulence-associated serine protease from a pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolate PubMed: N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester (ATEe) hydrolytic activities of diseased human palatine tonsils. Possible pathogenesis of recurrent acute tonsillitis PubMed: Allosteric activation of the hydrolysis of specific substrates by chymotrypsin PubMed: Enzymic properties of nitrated alpha-chymotrypsin and delta-chymotrypsin PubMed: Production and biochemical characterization of an alkaline protease from Aspergillus oryzae CH93 PubMed: The differentiation of the chloroform, peptone and antigen-antibody inducible esterase activities of human serum from plasmin PubMed: Metabonomic study of the effects of different acupuncture directions on therapeutic efficacy PubMed: Adjuvant activity of 6-amino-6-deoxy-muramyldipeptides and their acylamino derivatives on the induction of delayed hypersensitivity to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea pigs PubMed: A new tyrosine-specific chymotrypsin-like and angiotensin-degrading serine proteinase from Vipera lebetina snake venom PubMed: Absence of evidence for an intermediate in the deacetylation of acetylchymotrypsin PubMed: Photocontrollable peroxynitrite generator based on N-methyl-N-nitrosoaminophenol for cellular application PubMed: Hapten-specific T cell response to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in the Lewis rat. III. Effects of peptide-spacer structure on eliciting ABA-specific helper activity with TNP-hapten PubMed: Rat liver homogenate hydrolases splitting N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester PubMed: Methanolysis of ethyl esters of N-acetyl amino acids catalyzed by cyclosophoraoses isolated from Rhizobium meliloti PubMed: Charge density study of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester monohydrate derived from CCD area detector data PubMed: ELISA-based determination of immunological binding constants PubMed: Hapten-specific T cell response to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in the Lewis rat. II. Induction of helper activity demonstrated by TNP-haptenated ABA-peptide-Ficoll PubMed: Delayed hypersensitivity to mono-azobenzene arsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine. II. An operational model in the mouse PubMed: Purification and some properties of rabbit C1 inactivator PubMed: Quantitative effect of Mycobacteria and of anaerobic Corynebacteria upon immunogenic activity of azobenzearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea pigs PubMed: Enhanced thermostability of alpha-chymotrypsin enclosed in inorganic microcapsules PubMed: On the mechanism of interaction of organic solvents with the active site of alpha-chymotrypsin PubMed: Metabonomic analysis of urine from rats after low-dose exposure to 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol using UPLC-MS PubMed: Characterization of labelling and de-labelling reagents for detection and recovery of tyrosine residue in peptide PubMed: Formation of nitrating and chlorinating species by reaction of nitrite with hypochlorous acid. A novel mechanism for nitric oxide-mediated protein modification PubMed: Plasma amino Acid concentrations in 108 children receiving a pediatric amino Acid formulation as part of parenteral nutrition PubMed: Modification of isoleucine-16 acetylated delta-chymotrypsin PubMed: 15N CIDNP investigations of the peroxynitric acid nitration of L-tyrosine and of related compounds PubMed: Hapten-specific T cell response to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in the Lewis rat. I. Induction and suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and in vitro proliferative responses PubMed: [Utilization of N-acetylated amino acids in solutions for intravenous feeding. Cleavage of N-acetyltyrosine and N-acetylcysteine in rat tissues] PubMed: Indirect oxidation of the antitumor agent procarbazine by tyrosinase--possible application in designing anti-melanoma prodrugs PubMed: Interaction of Asp. melleus Semi-alkaline protease with benzeneboronic acid PubMed: A kinetic test for the assay of the C1 esterase-inhibitor PubMed: Effect of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid on mushroom tyrosinase activity PubMed: Some properties of an esterase derived from preparations of the first component of complement PubMed: Biological properties of rat serum hydrolases splitting N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester PubMed: Stabilization of alpha-chymotrypsin by ionic liquids in transesterification reactions PubMed: Adjuvant activity of chitin derivatives in mice and guinea-pigs PubMed: Purification and properties of a serine protease from Pseudomonas matophilia PubMed: Purification and properties of three endopeptidases from baker's yeast PubMed: Kinetics of amino acid esterification catalyzed by hydrophobic derivatives of alpha-chymotrypsin PubMed: Fourth-derivative spectrophotometry analysis of tryptophan environment in proteins. Application to melittin, cytochrome c and bacteriorhodopsin PubMed: Unconjugated bilirubin inhibits C1 esterase activity PubMed: The effect of substrate concentration and pH on the enzymic sulphation of L-tyrosyl derivatives PubMed: Purification and characterization of a myosin-cleaving protease from rat heart myofibrils PubMed: Proteolytic enzymes of the K-1 strain of Streptomyces griseus obtained from a commercial preparation (Pronase). Purification and characterization of the carboxypeptidase PubMed: Evidences for the presence of chymotrypsin-like activity in human spermatozoa with a role in the acrosome reaction PubMed: Chlorination of N-acetyltyrosine with HOCl, chloramines, and myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride system PubMed: The two human chymotrypsinogens. Purification and characterization PubMed: Immunogenicity and role of size: response of guinea pigs to oligotyrosine and tyrosine derivatives PubMed: Adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions: adjuvant activity of synthetic N-acetylmuramyl-dipeptide and the related compounds PubMed: Effect of polyols on alpha-chymotrypsin thermostability: a mechanistic analysis of the enzyme stabilization PubMed: Characterization and evaluation of Aspergillus oryzae lactase coupled to a regenerable support PubMed: Adjuvant activity of 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramuyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine PubMed: Inhibition of radiation-induced transformation of C3H/10T1/2 cells by carboxypeptidase inhibitor 1 and inhibitor II from potatoes PubMed: Different effects of two proteinase inhibitors on insulin-induced cellular responses in rat adipocytes PubMed: Control of C1 activation by nascent C3b and C4b: a mechanism of feedback inhibition PubMed: Proteinases are involved in both DNA fragmentation and membrane damage during CTL-mediated target cell killing PubMed: Purification and characterization of a chymotrypsin-like enzyme from sperm of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus PubMed: Pediatric parenteral amino acid mixture in low birth weight infants PubMed: Purification and properties of elastolytic enzyme from Flavobacterium immotum PubMed: [Theoretical conformational analysis of noinvalent carboxypeptidase A complexes with inhibitors and substrates] PubMed: Adjuvant activities of quinonyl-N-acetyl muramyl dipeptides in mice and guinea pigs PubMed: Inhibition of Escherichia coli by bovine colostrum and post-colostral milk. I. Complement-mediated bactericidal activity of antibodies to a serum susceptible strain of E. coli of the serotyp PubMed: Study of the factors influencing peak asymmetry on chromatography using a molecularly imprinted polymer prepared by the epitope approach PubMed: Fluid phase destruction of C2 hu by C1 hu. 3. Changes in activity for synthetic substrates upon cell binding, heat inactivation and interaction with C1INH PubMed: 13C high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance studies of enzyme-substrate reactions at equilibrium. Substrate studies of chymotrypsin-N-acetyltyrosine semicarbazide complexes PubMed: The reactivity of alpha-chymotrypsin immobilized on radiation-grafted hydrogel surfaces PubMed: Pharmacokinetic studies of amino acid analogues of 2-nitroimidazole, new hypoxic cell radiosensitizers PubMed: Adjuvant and mitogenic activities of niacine derivatives and their NAD-analogs PubMed: Carbamylation of alkaline mesentericopeptidas PubMed: Electrophoretic characterization of porcine pancreatic (pro)elastases A and B PubMed: Identification of a binary complex of procarboxypeptidase A and a precursor of protease E in porcine pancreatic secretion PubMed: A new strategy for site-specific protein modification: analysis of a Tat peptide-TAR RNA interaction PubMed: Studies on new intracellular proteases in various organs of rat. 1. Purification and comparison of their properties PubMed: Estimation of serum alpha 2-macroglobulin based on the esterolytic activity of bound alpha-chymotrypsin PubMed: Heterologous antigenic stimulation in induction of delayed hypersensitivity PubMed: Purification, characterization and localization of serine protease of Morris hepatoma 8999 PubMed: Increase of catalytic activity of alpha-chymotrypsin by metal salts for transesterification of an amino acid ester in ethanol PubMed: Determination of captopril and its degradation products by capillary electrophoresis PubMed: [Structure of the active center of subtilisin 72] PubMed: Production, purification and characterization of thermomycolase, the extracellular serine protease of the thermophilic fungus Malbranchea pulchella var. sulfurea PubMed: Expression and utilization of chymotrypsin-like but not trypsin-like serine protease enzymes by nonspecific T killer cells activated by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody PubMed: Catalysis by alpha-chymotrypsin entrapped into surface-modified polymeric nanogranules in organic solvent PubMed: Self purification of two serine endopeptidases PubMed: [Isolation of a neutral histone-hydrolyzing protease from bovine spleen] PubMed: Behaviour of tyrosyl residues of calf-thymus histone F3. Difference-spectroscopy studies PubMed: Inhibitory properties of the antibothropic complex from the South American opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) serum PubMed: HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES OF RABBIT MONONUCLEAR EXUDATE CELLS. I. QUANTITATIVE ASSAY AND PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN PROTEASES, NON-SPECIFIC ESTERASES, AND LIPASES OF MONONUCLEAR AND POLYMORPHONUCLEAR CE PubMed: Cationic proteins from human neutrophil granulocytes. Evidence for their chymotrypsin-like properties PubMed: [Conformation aspects of peptide interaction with proteolytic enzymes. Alpha-chymotrypsin catalyzed hydrolysis of the cyclopeptides containing leucyltyrosyl fragments] PubMed: Catalytic properties and conformation of hydrophobized alpha-chymotrypsin incorporated into a bilayer lipid membrane PubMed: Peptide synthesis by proteases in organic solvents: medium effect on substrate specificity PubMed: Effect of transmembrane helix packing on tryptophan and tyrosine environments in detergent-solubilized bacterio-opsin PubMed: Adjuvant activity of 6-O-mycoloyl derivatives of N-acetylmuramyl-L-seryl-D-isoglutamine and related compounds in mice and guinea pigs PubMed: Degree of heterogeneity of binding specificities of antibodies to the phenylarsonate group that share a common idiotype PubMed: Purification and characterization of a chymotrypsin-like enzyme (protease-S) in thermally injured rat skin PubMed: Thermodynamics of the quenching of tyrosyl fluorescence by dithiothreitol PubMed: Presence of a trypsin-like protease in starfish sperm acrosome PubMed: Comparison of inhibition of the action of C1 on C4 by two synthetic substrates of C1 esterase, TAMe and ATEe PubMed: A two-component affinity chromatography purification of Helix pomatia arylsulfatase by tyrosine vanadate PubMed: [Characterization of some hydrolase activities in digestive juice of Achatina balteata] PubMed: [Thermodynamics changes in catalytic properties of immobilized enzymes] PubMed: Preparation and enzymatic properties of subtilisin Novo chemically attached to soluble DEAE-dextran and insoluble DEAE-sephadex PubMed: [Properties of alpha-chymotrypsin and cis-cinnamoylchymotrypsin in free, covalently bound to a carrier and microcapsulated states] PubMed: [Properties of alpha-chymotrypsin, covalently incorporated into polyacrylamide microgranules] PubMed: Studies on the activation of a proesterase associated with partially purified first component of human complement PubMed: [The inhibition of proteolytic enzyme activity by humic acids] PubMed: Cytochemical demonstrations of protease in human peripheral blood cells by use of new alpha-naphthyl ester substrates PubMed: Photochemical evidence for the presence of histidyl residue in the active site of alkaline mesentericopeptidase PubMed: Immunological activities of multiprenylacetyl derivatives of muramyldipeptides PubMed: [New preparation method of C1 esterase for the dosage of its plasma inhibitor] PubMed: The effect of some protease substrates and inhibitors on chemotaxis and protease activity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes PubMed: Use of immobilized carboxypeptidase Y (I-CPY) as a catalyst for deblocking in peptide synthesis PubMed: [Properties of immobilized trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin and their use for purification of proteinase inhibitors from potatoes] PubMed: The histamine releasers crotamine, protamine and compound 48/80 activate specific proteases and phospholipases A2 PubMed: Verification of a model of a F(ab) complex with phenylarsonate by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis PubMed: [Alpha-chymotrypsin immobilized on ferromagnetic particles coated with titanium oxide: production and catalytic properties] PubMed: [The heterogeneous character of protein modification during substitution of their amino groups. Acylation of alpha-chymotrypsin] PubMed: Activation of chymotrypsinogen by boar acrosin and its prevention by antiboar acrosin rabbit gamma-globulins PubMed: Effect of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase on tyrosinase-mediated oxidation of opioid neuropeptides Leu-enkephalin and Met-enkephalin PubMed: Trypsin and chymotrypsin activity of the intestinal content in germfree, monoassociated and conventional rabbits PubMed: Characterization of structural properties for morphological differentiation of melanosomes: I. Purification of tyrosinase by tyrosine affinity chromatography and its characterization in B16