2,5-dimethyl pyrazine

2,5-dimethylpyrazine

CAS: 123-32-0 C6 H8 N2 MW: 108.14376000 chocolate musty

Identification

Name2,5-dimethyl pyrazine
IUPAC2,5-dimethylpyrazine
CAS Number123-32-0
EINECS204-618-3
FDA UNIIV99Y0MUY1Q
Molecular FormulaC6 H8 N2
Molecular Weight108.14376000
MDL NumberMFCD00006147
Nikkaji NumberJ2.009E
Beilstein0107052
CoE Number2210
XlogP30.60 (est)

Regulatory

JECFA Food Flavoring766 2,5-dimethylpyrazine
DG SANTE Food Flavourings14.020 2,5-dimethylpyrazine
FEMA Number3272
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)123-32-0 ; 2,5-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE

Physical Properties

Appearance colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay 98.00 to 100.00
Additional Assay Information sum of 2,3- 2,5- and 2,6- isomers
Food Chemicals Codex Listed Yes
Specific Gravity 0.98000 to 1.00000 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est). 8.155 to 8.321
Refractive Index 1.49700 to 1.50100 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point 15.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 154.00 to 156.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 3.980000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density 3.7 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point 130.00 °F. TCC ( 54.44 °C. )
logP (o/w) 0.630
Soluble in alcohol
Insoluble in water

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesperfuming agents

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Description
at 0.10 % in dipropylene glycol.
Nutty, peanut, musty, earthy, powdery and slightly roasted with a cocoa powder nuance
cocoa, roasted nut, roast beef, woody
Roast, coffee, peanut and meat
Chocolate, roasted nuts
Chocolate, Nutty, Roasted
chocolate, cocoa, roasted-nuts, woody, slightly green-grass
Chocolate, Roasted Nut
Taste Description
at 7.50 ppm.
cocoa

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Oral/Parenteral Toxicitygavage-rat LD50 1020 mg/kg
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryflavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety AssessmentSearch
Recommendation for 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine usage levels up to0.1000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU)19.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA)8.00 (μg/capita/day)
Structure ClassII
baked goods-
beverages(nonalcoholic)-
beverages(alcoholic)-
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum-
condiments / relishes-
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy-
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings-
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy-
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy-
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

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Potential Uses

FR chocolate FL chocolate cocoa FR coffee fried FR green FR hazelnut FR peanut FL potato FL roasted

Natural Occurrence

beef roasted beef PMC beer PMC cocoa coffee roasted coffee PMC kohlrabi lavender oil spike spain @ 0.187% Data pork PMC potato chip PMC rice cakes PbMd PMC rum PMC shrimp PMC

Synonyms

2,5- dimethyl paradiazine 2,5- dimethyl piazine 2,5- dimethyl pyrazine natural 2,5- dimethyl pyrazine, natural 2,5- dimethyl-1,4-diazine 2,5- dimethyl-pyrazine 2,5- dimethylparadiazine 2,5- dimethylpiazine 2, 5 dimethylpyrazine 2,5- dimethylpyrazine 2,5- dimethylpyrazine >80.0%(gc) (contains 2,6-isomer) ketine pyrazine, 2,5- dimethyl pyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl- PubMed: Relationship of sensory and instrumental aroma measurements of dark chocolate as influenced by fermentation method, roasting and conching conditions. J-Stage: Chemical Profiles of Methylpyrazines Contained in Commercially Available Natto PubMed: HS-SPME GC/MS characterization of volatiles in raw and dry-roasted almonds (Prunus dulcis). J-Stage: Effect of 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine on Uterine Contraction in Late Stage of Pregnant Female Rats PubMed: Chemical communication during foraging in the harvesting ants Messor pergandei and Messor andrei. J-Stage: Effect of Alkylpyrazine Derivatives on the Duration of Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep, Picrotoxicin-Induced Convulsion and ?-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Levels in the Mouse Brain PubMed: Headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS2) method for the determination of pyrazines in perilla seed oils: impact of roasting on the pyrazines in perilla seed oils. PubMed: Stimulation of cell proliferation in the subventricular zone by synthetic murine pheromones. PubMed: Determination of the alkylpyrazine composition of coffee using stable isotope dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SIDA-GC-MS). PubMed: Comparison of direct mass spectrometry methods for the on-line analysis of volatile compounds in foods. PubMed: Volatile profiling of high quality hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.): chemical indices of roasting. PubMed: Characterization of cocoa liquors by GC-MS and LC-MS/MS: focus on alkylpyrazines and flavanols. 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PubMed: Effects of roasting conditions on the physicochemical properties and volatile distribution in perilla oils (Perilla frutescens var. japonica). PubMed: Identification of 2-ethyl-4-methyl-3-thiazoline and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-3-thiazoline for the first time in nature by the comprehensive analysis of sesame seed oil. PubMed: Grueneberg ganglion neurons are activated by a defined set of odorants. PubMed: Volatile composition and sensory analysis of Italian gianduja torrone. PubMed: High resolution X-ray structures of mouse major urinary protein nasal isoform in complex with pheromones. PubMed: catena-Poly[[[diaqua-bis(8-hydroxy-quinoline N-oxide-κO)cobalt(II)]-μ-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine 1,4-dioxide-κO:O] bis-(perchlorate)]. PubMed: [Effects of "pheromone-like" pyrazine-containing substances on stability of genetic apparatus in bone marrow cells of the male house mouse (Mus musculus L.)]. PubMed: Coffee aroma--statistical analysis of compositional data. PubMed: Syntheses, structures, and photoluminescence of a series of silver(I) sulfonates with pyrazine derivatives. PubMed: Alkyldimethylpyrazines in the defensive spray of Phyllium westwoodii: a first for order Phasmatodea. PubMed: Identification of chemicals emitted by calling males of the Sapote fruit fly, Anastrepha serpentina. PubMed: Strong through-space two-halide magnetic exchange of -234 K in (2,5-dimethylpyrazine)copper(II) bromide. PubMed: A binuclear Cu(II) metallacycle capable of discerning between pyrazine and its different methyl-substituted derivatives based on reversible intracage metal-ligand binding. PubMed: 2,5-Dimethyl-pyrazine 1,4-dioxide. PubMed: Formation of pyrazines and a novel pyrrole in Maillard model systems of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone and 2-oxopropanal. PubMed: [Effect of the estrous cycle stage on sensitivity to pheromone 2,5-dimethylpyrazine in the house mouse Mus musculus]. PubMed: Competition between photochemistry and energy transfer in UV-excited diazabenzenes. 4. UV photodissociation of 2,3-, 2,5-, and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine. PubMed: [Chromosomal abnormalities and spleenocyte production in laboratory mouse males after exposure to stress chemosignals]. PubMed: Structural study of silver(I) sulfonate complexes with pyrazine derivatives. PubMed: Mice respond differently to urine and its major volatile constituents from male and female ferrets. PubMed: Solitary foraging in the ancestral South American ant, Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus. Is it due to constraints in the production or perception of trail pheromones? PubMed: Construction of polyoxometalates-based coordination polymers through direct incorporation between polyoxometalates and the voids in a 2D network. PubMed: Degradation of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine by Rhodococcus erythropolis strain DP-45 isolated from a waste gas treatment plant of a fishmeal processing company. PubMed: Magnetic study on a two-dimensional coordination polymer with mixed bridging ligands. PubMed: Attenuation of the production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in the mouse vomeronasal organ by antibodies against the alphaq/11 subfamily of G-proteins. PubMed: Synthesis, a case of isostructural packing, and antimicrobial activity of silver(I)quinoxaline nitrate, silver(I)(2,5-dimethylpyrazine) nitrate and two related silver aminopyridine compounds. PubMed: [Induction of meiotic disturbances in spermatocytes I by pheromones as an inhibiting mechanism of male reproductive function in house mice]. PubMed: Influence of steric hindrance of organic ligand on the structure of Keggin-based coordination polymer. PubMed: Role of the solvent glycerol in the Maillard reaction of d-fructose and l-alanine. PubMed: Tuning the electronic communication and rates of intramolecular electron transfer of dimers of trinuclear ruthenium clusters: bridging and ancillary ligand effects. 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PubMed: Aroma compounds in sweet whey powder. PubMed: Volatiles production and attractiveness to the Mexican fruit fly of Enterobacter agglomerans isolated from apple maggot and Mexican fruit flies. PubMed: Primer effects by conspecific odors in house mice: a new perspective in the study of primer effects on reproductive activities. PubMed: Pyrazine derivatives in cigarette smoke inhibit hamster oviductal functioning. PubMed: Odors detected by mice deficient in cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit A2 stimulate the main olfactory system. PubMed: [Chemical profiles of methylpyrazines contained in commercially available natto]. PubMed: [Induction of dominant lethals in progeny of male CBA mice after pheromonal action]. PubMed: Effect of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine on uterine contraction in late stage of pregnant female rats. PubMed: [The female pheromone 2,5-dimethylpyrazine induces sperm head abnormalities in male CBA mice]. PubMed: Purine metabolizing capability of Enterobacter agglomerans affects volatiles production and attractiveness to Mexican fruit fly. PubMed: [Olfactory stress and modification of phagocytosis in peripheral blood cells of adult male mice]. PubMed: catena-poly[[(acetonitrile-N)dichlorocopper(II)]-mu-2,5-dimethylpyrazine-kappa2N:N']. PubMed: Effect of alkylpyrazine derivatives on the duration of pentobarbital-induced sleep, picrotoxicin-induced convulsion and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in the mouse brain. PubMed: 1-octen-3-ol isolated from bont ticks attracts Amblyomma variegatum. PubMed: Syntheses, structures, and physicochemical properties of diruthenium compounds of tetrachlorocatecholate with metal-metal bonded Ru(3+)(mu-OR)(2)Ru(3+) and Ru(3.5+)(mu-OR)(2)Ru(3.5+) cores (R = CH(3) and C(2)H(5)). PubMed: Recruitment pheromone in the harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex. PubMed: [Genotype-specific changes of certain functional indicators of immunocompetent cells in male laboratory mice under conditions of pheromone stress]. PubMed: Volatile flavor components of rice cakes. PubMed: Pyrazine formation from serine and threonine. PubMed: Effects of roasting on pyrazine contents and oxidative stability of red pepper seed oil prior to its extraction. PubMed: Oxidative DNA damage induced by aminoacetone, an amino acid metabolite. PubMed: Role of the adrenal gland and adrenal-mediated chemosignals in suppression of estrus in the house mouse: the lee-boot effect revisited. PubMed: Inhibitory effect of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine on oxytocic agent-induced uterine hypercontraction of normal or pregnant female rats. PubMed: [Physiological and pharmacological activities of simple alkyl- and arylpyrazines]. PubMed: Rational Design of a Novel Intercalation System. Layer-Gap Control of Crystalline Coordination Polymers, {[Cu(CA)(H(2)O)(m)()](G)}(n)() (m = 2, G = 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine and Phenazine; m = 1, G = 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-Octahydrophenazine). PubMed: Attractants fromStaphylococcus aureus cultures for Mexican fruit fly,Anastrepha ludens. PubMed: Effects of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine on plasma testosterone and polyamines- and acid phosphatase-levels in the rat prostate. PubMed: Inhibition of sexual maturation in juvenile female and male mice by a chemosignal of female origin. PubMed: Long-term effect of a urinary chemosignal on reproductive fitness in female mice. PubMed: Effects of dimethylpyrazine isomers on reproductive and accessory reproductive organs in male rats. PubMed: Contents of poison apparatus and their relation to trail-following in the antDaceton armigerum. PubMed: Effects of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine on reproductive and accessory reproductive organs in female rats. PubMed: Chemotaxonomic study of undescribed species ofMyrmica ant from Idaho. PubMed: Interactions of heterocyclic Maillard products with the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system. PubMed: Dynamics of excretion of urinary chemosignals in the house mouse (Mus musculus) during the natural estrous cycle. PubMed: Adrenal-mediated endogenous metabolites inhibit puberty in female mice. PubMed: Synthesis and antimetastatic properties of stereoisomeric tricyclic bis(dioxopiperazines) in the Lewis lung carcinoma model. PubMed: Identification of trail pheromone of the antTetramorium caespitum L. (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae). PubMed: Identification of 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine in the volatile flavour compounds of potato chips.