Identification

Namelauric acid
IUPACdodecanoic acid
CAS Number143-07-7
EINECS205-582-1
FDA UNII1160N9NU9U
Molecular FormulaC12 H24 O2
Molecular Weight200.32168000
MDL NumberMFCD00002736
Nikkaji NumberJ2.548H
Beilstein1099477
CoE Number12
XlogP34.20 (est)

Regulatory

JECFA Food Flavoring111 lauric acid
DG SANTE Food Flavourings08.012 dodecanoic acid
DG SANTE Food Contact Materialsdodecanoic acid
FEMA Number2614
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)143-07-7 ; LAURIC ACID
FDA RegulationFDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

Physical Properties

Appearance white to pale yellow waxy crystalline solid (est)
Assay 95.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers
Water Content <0.20%
Food Chemicals Codex Listed Yes
Melting Point 45.00 to 48.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 225.00 °C. @ 100.00 mm Hg, 252.00 to 287.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Congealing Point 26.00 to 44.00 °C.
Saponification Value 253.00 to 287.00
Unsaponifiable Matter <0.30%
Vapor Pressure 0.001000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density 6.91 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point 329.00 °F. TCC ( 165.00 °C. )
logP (o/w) 4.600
Soluble in alcohol

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usescleansing agents

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Strength medium
Substantivity > 336 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Odor Description
at 100.00 %.
mild fatty
Odor sample from Sigma-Aldrich
Taste Description Fatty, waxy

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Oral/Parenteral Toxicityoral-rat LD50 12000 mg/kg
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categorycosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety AssessmentSearch
Recommendation for lauric acid usage levels up to1.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Structure ClassI
baked goods86.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic)11.00000
beverages(alcoholic)0.60000
breakfast cereal-
cheese53.00000
chewing gum2.00000
condiments / relishes-
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils6.00000
fish products-
frozen dairy18.00000
fruit ices-
gelatins / puddings18.00000
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy2.00000
imitation dairy7.00000
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products-
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy25.00000
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

Advanced Biotech. Inc.

Inspired by Nature

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Augustus Oils Ltd

The Premier Supplier

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Axxence Aromatic GmbH

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Bedoukian Research, Inc.

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Beijing Lys Chemicals Co, LTD.

From Grams to Tons

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The Specialty Chemical Specialists

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CJ Latta & Associates, LLC

Extensive Line

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ECSA Chemicals

Human Chemistry

ECSA Chemicals has been active since 1913 in the trading and international commerce of raw materials. With an organisation divided into industrial segments managed by specialists, it has become one of...

View All Website +41 91 695 88 00 marketing@ecsa.ch

Excellentia International

Ingredients by Nature

Exceptional quality and excellence in meeting our customers requirements.

View All Website 732.749.9840 info@excellentiaint.com

Fleurchem, Inc.

Have A Flavorful Day

A leading global manufacturer and supplier of ingredients for Flavors, Fragrances, AromaTherapy, Foods, Beverages, Personal Care Products, and other uses.

View All Website 845-341-2100 info@fleurchem.com

Glentham Life Sciences Ltd

The Chemical, Biochemical & Research Essentials Supplier

Glentham Life Sciences is a supplier of fine chemicals and raw materials with warehousing, laboratories and packaging facilities in the UK.

View All Website +44 (0) 1225 667798 info@glentham.com

FRUTAROM USA INC,

Flavor & Specialty Ingredients

Your preferred partner for flavour and fragrance success.

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Lluch Essence S.L.

A family company dedicated to sales and distribution

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M&U International LLC

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Penta International Corporation

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PerfumersWorld Ltd.

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Prodasynth

PRODUCTEUR PAR ESSENCE

Chemical specialist in manufacturing, distributing and sourcing of tailor-made ingredients for the Flavour & Fragrance industry.

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Sigma-Aldrich

Complete Supply Chain

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View All Website 800-244-1173 ff@sial.com

SRS Aromatics Ltd

For over 25 years

Bringing flavour and fragrance into your world.

View All Website +44 (0) 1284 704076 info@srsaromatics.co.uk

Taytonn ASCC Pte Ltd

Supplying Asia Pacific

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TCI AMERICA

Moving Your Chemistry Forward

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R C Treatt and Co Ltd

Innovative ingredient solutions

World-leading innovative ingredient solutions provider for the flavour, fragrance and FMCG industries.

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Ernesto Ventós S.A.

Leaders in essence

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Vigon International

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WholeChem, LLC

Connecting Innovators To the Building Blocks Of the Universe

Custom manufacturer and distributor of specialty ingredients. We make global local.

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Potential Uses

FR bayberry FL beer FR butter FL cheese cheddar cheese FL cheese swiss cheese FR coconut emulsifying agents FR strawberry

Natural Occurrence

almond seed ambrette seed concrete @ 0.18% Data apple fruit asparagus shoot baboonwood seed banana fruit banana plant bay laurel berry oil bay laurel fruit bean banner bean seed beer PMC buckwheat pollen burdock root butter PMC camphor oil caninha PMC cantaloupe seed caper plant caraway seed cardamom fruit cardamom seed oil carrot root carrot seed cashew nut cassava root cayenne sap celery seed cheese cheddar cheese PMC cheese swiss cheese PMC cinnamon ceylon cinnamon seed cistus oil @ 2.5% Data coconut endosperm coconut seed dandelion pollen date palm seed dialium guineense wild.fruit oil france @ 10.50% Data dill seed elder black elder flower elder black elder seed ginger rhizome ginger rhizome oil ginger root ginkgo biloba pollen glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) leaf oil india @ 9.30% Data grapefruit oil california @ 0.02% Data helichrysum arenarium (l.) moench oil hungary @ 11.90% Data lemon oil lupin white lupin seed lupine white lupine seed macadamia nut mandarin fruit mandarin seed oil mango fruit marjoram wild marjoram plant melon bitter melon fruit melon bitter melon seed oil mustard white mustard nutmeg seed nutmeg seed oil oregano plant osmanthus absolute @ 0.02% Data papaya flower papaya fruit papaya leaf papaya seed papaya seed oil peanut plant pepper black pepper fruit pepper black pepper seed plum seed poppy opium poppy seed oil potato tuber rosemary leaf safflower seed saffron stigma saffron stigma squash summer squash fruit star fruit oil cuba @ 0.10% Data strawberry wild strawberry fruit sugandha kokila berry oil @ 2.70% Data tamarind seed tamarind seed oil tea seed oil thyme plant walnut black walnut nut oil watermelon seed wheat seed

Synonyms

acide laurique dodecanoic acid N- dodecanoic acid dodecoic acid dodecylate dodecylic acid duodecylic acid edenor C 1298-100 kortacid 1299 lauric acid (natural) lauric acid FCC lauric acid fine powder 50 mesh lauric acid natural lauric acid synthetic laurostearic acid lauroyl alcohol lunac L 70 lunac L 98 nissan NAA 122 philacid 1200 prifac 2920 1- undecane carboxylic acid 1- undecanecarboxylate univol U 314 Info: Lauric Acid PubMed: Application of a statistically enhanced, novel, organic solvent stable lipase from Bacillus safensis DVL-43. PubMed: Designer laying hen diets to improve egg fatty acid profile and maintain sensory quality. PubMed: Physicochemical and sensory properties of ice-cream formulated with virgin coconut oil. PubMed: Optimal formation of hexyl laurate by Lipozyme IM-77 in solvent-free system. PubMed: Safety assessment of myristic acid as a food ingredient. PubMed: The primate amygdala: Neuronal representations of the viscosity, fat texture, temperature, grittiness and taste of foods. PubMed: Production of gamma-lactones by the brown-rot basidiomycete Piptoporus soloniensis. PubMed: Genetic engineering of foods to reduce the risk of heart disease and cancer. PubMed: Lauric acid in crown daisy root exudate potently regulates root-knot nematode chemotaxis and disrupts Mi-flp-18 expression to block infection. PubMed: Blend-modification of soy protein/lauric acid edible films using polysaccharides. PubMed: The effect of diesters and lauric acid on rheological properties of air/water interfaces stabilized by oligofructose lauric acid monoesters. PubMed: Lauroyl-L-aspartate decreased food intake and body temperature in neonatal chicks. PubMed: A model to predict the ATP equivalents of macronutrients absorbed from food. PubMed: Link between lipid metabolism and voluntary food intake in rainbow trout fed coconut oil rich in medium-chain TAG. PubMed: Bacterial flora of processed broiler chicken skin after successive washings in mixtures of potassium hydroxide and lauric acid. PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of potassium hydroxide and lauric acid against microorganisms associated with poultry processing. PubMed: Effect of alpha-linolenic, capric and lauric acid on the fatty acid biosynthesis in Staphylococcus aureus. PubMed: Identification and determination of carboxylic acids in food samples using 2-(2-(anthracen-10-yl)-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-1-yl)ethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (APIETS) as labeling reagent by HPLC with FLD and APCI/MS. PubMed: Antilisterial activity of lactose monolaurate in milk, drinkable yogurt and cottage cheese. PubMed: Simultaneous determination of mono-, di-, and triglycerides in multiphase systems by online Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. PubMed: Solvent-free enzymatic synthesis of 1, 3-Diacylglycerols by direct esterification of glycerol with saturated fatty acids. PubMed: Effect of lauric acid and nisin-impregnated soy-based films on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes on turkey bologna. PubMed: Two-step method of enzymatic synthesis of starch laurate in ionic liquids. PubMed: Antimicrobial effects of corn zein films impregnated with nisin, lauric acid, and EDTA. PubMed: Consumption of a solid fat rich in lauric acid results in a more favorable serum lipid profile in healthy men and women than consumption of a solid fat rich in trans-fatty acids. PubMed: Improvement of medium chain fatty acid content and antimicrobial activity of coconut oil via solid-state fermentation using a Malaysian Geotrichum candidum. PubMed: Dietary nutrients associated with short and long sleep duration. Data from a nationally representative sample. PubMed: Design of bioavailable derivatives of 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)dodecanoic acid, a potent inhibitor of the soluble epoxide hydrolase. PubMed: The antimicrobial efficacy and structure activity relationship of novel carbohydrate fatty acid derivatives against Listeria spp. and food spoilage microorganisms. PubMed: Molecular assembly, interfacial rheology and foaming properties of oligofructose fatty acid esters. PubMed: Marked synergistic bactericidal effects and mode of action of medium-chain fatty acids in combination with organic acids against Escherichia coli O157:H7. PubMed: A comparison of the physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of indaiá (Attalea dubia) and Babassu (Orbignya phalerata) oils. PubMed: Combined effects of NaCl, NaOH, and biocides (monolaurin or lauric acid) on inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas spp. PubMed: [Changes in the content of plasma lipoproteins in persons subjected to diets prepared with sunflower oil alone or mixed with palm olein]. PubMed: Chemometric profile of root extracts of Rhodiola imbricata Edgew. with hyphenated gas chromatography mass spectrometric technique. PubMed: Production of medium chain saturated fatty acids with enhanced antimicrobial activity from crude coconut fat by solid state cultivation of Yarrowia lipolytica. PubMed: Confectionery coating with an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) system. PubMed: Effects of a combination of feed additives on methane production, diet digestibility, and animal performance in lactating dairy cows. PubMed: Comparison between the amino acid, fatty acid, mineral and nutritional quality of raw, germinated and fermented African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) flour. PubMed: Efficient solvent-free synthesis of phytostanyl esters in the presence of acid-surfactant-combined catalyst. PubMed: Saturated fatty acids intake in relation to C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and leptin: a population-based study. PubMed: Antimicrobial effects of virgin coconut oil and its medium-chain fatty acids on Clostridium difficile. PubMed: Aroma enhancement and enzymolysis regulation of grape wine using β-glycosidase. PubMed: Migration of nanosized layered double hydroxide platelets from polylactide nanocomposite films. PubMed: Mechanisms mediating lipoprotein responses to diets with medium-chain triglyceride and lauric acid. PubMed: Effect of additives on isothermal crystallization kinetics and physical characteristics of coconut oil. PubMed: Analysis of particle-borne odorants emitted from concentrated animal feeding operations. PubMed: Effect of oxygen on volatile and sensory characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon during secondary shelf life. PubMed: Chemical constituents and cytotoxic effect of the main compounds of Lythrum salicaria L. PubMed: Purification and characterisation of antibacterial peptide-containing compound derived from palm kernel cake. PubMed: Metabolism of (U-14C)lauric acid to methyl ketones by the spores of Penicillium roqueforti. PubMed: Control of Listeria monocytogenes by lauric arginate on frankfurters formulated with or without lactate/diacetate. PubMed: Characterization of medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT)-enriched seed oil from Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae) and its oxidative stability. PubMed: Mode of action of a fatty acid-based natural product to control Botrytis cinerea in grapes. PubMed: Palm oil and blood lipid-related markers of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary intervention trials. PubMed: Chamaerops humilis L. var. argentea André date palm seed oil: a potential dietetic plant product. PubMed: Defining the role of cholecystokinin in the lipid-induced human brain activation matrix. PubMed: Designer laying hen diets to improve egg fatty acid profile and maintain sensory quality. PubMed: Physicochemical and sensory properties of ice-cream formulated with virgin coconut oil. PubMed: Fatty acids and bioactive compounds of the pulps and kernels of Brazilian palm species, guariroba (Syagrus oleraces), jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana) and macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata). PubMed: Native carotenoids composition of some tropical fruits. PubMed: Variability in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) germplasm and hybrids for fatty acid profile of oil. PubMed: The effects of saturated fatty acids on Giardia duodenalis trophozoites in vitro. PubMed: In vitro and in vivo effects of two coconut oils in comparison to monolaurin on Staphylococcus aureus: rodent studies. PubMed: Anti-apoptotic activity of hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosyl laurate. PubMed: Enzymatic acylation of isoorientin and isovitexin from bamboo-leaf extracts with fatty acids and antiradical activity of the acylated derivatives. PubMed: Effect of fatty acids on the β-oxidation system and thioesterase of Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis. PubMed: Design and synthesis of a novel fluorescent reagent, 6-oxy-(ethylpiperazine)-9-(2'-methoxycarbonyl) fluorescein, for carboxylic acids and its application in food samples using high-performance liquid chromatography. PubMed: Synthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in Lactobacillus helveticus and Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and their cellular fatty acids changes following short term acid and cold stresses. PubMed: N-acyl-homoserine lactones from Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) and their degradation by Bacillus cereus enzymes. PubMed: The role of fatty acid saturation on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins: I. Effects of whole food diets high in cocoa butter, olive oil, soybean oil, dairy butter, and milk chocolate on the plasma lipids of young men. PubMed: Potential misuse of an antimicrobial resulting from a miscalculation in an efficacy study. PubMed: Resistance of nutrient-deprived Listeria monocytogenes 10403S and a DeltasigB mutant to chemical stresses in the presence or absence of oxygen. PubMed: Saturated fat and cardiometabolic risk factors, coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes: a fresh look at the evidence. PubMed: In vitro antimicrobial activity and mechanism of action of novel carbohydrate fatty acid derivatives against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. PubMed: Plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition and estimated desaturase activity in heart failure patients with metabolic syndrome. PubMed: A synergistic effect of Cu(2+) and norbixin on DNA damage. PubMed: Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of ethyl N(alpha)-lauroyl-L-arginate hydrochloride in human volunteers. PubMed: Beta-oxidation of medium chain (C8-C14) fatty acids studied in isolated liver cells. PubMed: Ionic liquids as solvents for dissolution of corn starch and homogeneous synthesis of fatty-acid starch esters without catalysts. PubMed: Field enhancement sample stacking for analysis of organic acids in traditional Chinese medicine by capillary electrophoresis. PubMed: Effects of chitosan oligosaccharides on drug-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver and kidneys. PubMed: Isolation and identification of mosquito (Aedes aegypti ) biting deterrent fatty acids from male inflorescences of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg). PubMed: Susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens to C-C fatty acids. PubMed: Safety assessment of myristic acid as a food ingredient. PubMed: NMR-based metabolomics reveals that conjugated double bond content and lipid storage efficiency in HepG2 cells are affected by fatty acid cis/trans configuration and chain length. PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of shredded carrot extracts on food-borne bacteria and yeast. PubMed: Antioxidant and cyclooxygenase activities of fatty acids found in food. PubMed: Nutritional and technological characteristics of olive (Olea europea L.) fruit and oil: two varieties growing in two different locations of Turkey. PubMed: Detecting the quality of glycerol monolaurate: a method for using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with wavelet transform and modified uninformative variable elimination. PubMed: Effect of dietary intake on the levels of biliary unsaturated free Fatty acids having inhibitory activity on mutagens. PubMed: Acute and chronic effects of dietary fatty acids on cholecystokinin expression, storage and secretion in enteroendocrine STC-1 cells. PubMed: Lipase-catalyzed selective synthesis of monolauroyl maltose using continuous stirred tank reactor. PubMed: Dairy products and plasma cholesterol levels. PubMed: Role of Yersinia intermedia and Pseudomonas putida in the development of a fruity off-flavour in pasteurized milk. PubMed: Efficient lipase-selective synthesis of dilauryl mannoses by simultaneous reaction-extraction system. PubMed: Effect of capric, lauric and alpha-linolenic acids on the division time distributions of single cells of Staphylococcus aureus. PubMed: Behavior of Clostridium perfringens at low temperatures. PubMed: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha controls the hepatic CYP4A induction adaptive response to starvation and diabetes. PubMed: Effect of medium-chain fatty acids in mould ripened cheese on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes. PubMed: Inhibition of in vitro aflatoxin B1-DNA binding in rainbow trout by CYP1A inhibitors: alpha-naphthoflavone, beta-naphthoflavone and trout CYP1A1 peptide antibody. PubMed: Analysis of free fatty acids in beer: comparison of solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, and stir bar sorptive extraction. PubMed: The primate amygdala: Neuronal representations of the viscosity, fat texture, temperature, grittiness and taste of foods. PubMed: Cloning and expression of koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) liver cytochrome P450 CYP4A15. PubMed: Inhibition of surface spoilage bacteria in processed meats by application of antimicrobial films prepared with chitosan. PubMed: Toxicological and metabolic investigations of the safety of N-alpha-lauroyl-L-arginine ethyl ester monohydrochloride (LAE). PubMed: Effect of fermentation temperature and culture media on the yeast lipid composition and wine volatile compounds. PubMed: Anticaries and antiplaque potential of free-fatty acids in vitro and in vivo. PubMed: Influence of selected fatty acids upon plaque formation and caries in the rat. PubMed: Batatinosides II-VI, acylated lipooligosaccharides from the resin glycosides of sweet potato. PubMed: Contaminants and levels of occurrence in washed and shredded poly(ethylene terephthalate) from curbside collection. Part 1: Extraction conditions. PubMed: Intake and adipose tissue composition of fatty acids and risk of myocardial infarction in a male Portuguese community sample. PubMed: Toxicology and carcinogenesis study of chloral hydrate (ad libitum and dietary controlled) (CAS no. 302-17-0) in male B6C3F1 mice (gavage study). PubMed: Genetic engineering of foods to reduce the risk of heart disease and cancer. PubMed: [The effect of zinc depletion on the fat content and fatty acid composition of the liver and brain in forcibly fed rats]. PubMed: Optimal formation of hexyl laurate by Lipozyme IM-77 in solvent-free system. PubMed: Inhibition of bacterial foodborne pathogens by the lactoperoxidase system in combination with monolaurin. PubMed: Dietary saturated and trans fatty acids and cholesterol and 25-year mortality from coronary heart disease: the Seven Countries Study. PubMed: Biochemical epidemiology of colon cancer: effect of types of dietary fiber on colonic diacylglycerols in women. PubMed: Microbicidal activity of tripotassium phosphate and fatty acids toward spoilage and pathogenic bacteria associated with poultry. PubMed: Production of aflatoxin byAspergillus parasiticus and its control. PubMed: Effects of different medium-chain fatty acids on intestinal absorption of structured triacylglycerols. PubMed: Short-chain fatty acid-supplemented total parenteral nutrition alters intestinal structure, glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) mRNA and protein, and proglucagon mRNA abundance in normal rats. PubMed: Variations in fat and fatty acid intakes of adult males from three regions of India. PubMed: Effects of Essential Oils and Monolaurin on Staphylococcus aureus: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. PubMed: Nature and composition of fat bloom from palm kernel stearin and hydrogenated palm kernel stearin compound chocolates. PubMed: The antimicrobial properties of milkfat after partial hydrolysis by calf pregastric lipase. PubMed: Fats and fatty acids as growth factors for Lactobacillus delbrueckii. PubMed: Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell fatty acid composition and release during fermentation without aeration and in absence of exogenous lipids. PubMed: Quantitative enzymatic production of 6-O-acylglucose esters PubMed: Feeding trans fatty acids to rats has no effect on the intestinal uptake of glucose, fatty acids or cholesterol. PubMed: Effects of palm oil on cardiovascular risk. PubMed: Equilibrium yields of mono- and di-lauroyl mannoses through lipase-catalyzed condensation in acetone in the presence of molecular sieves. PubMed: Effects of alkyl gallates on P-glycoprotein function. PubMed: Individual saturated fatty acids and nonfatal acute myocardial infarction in Costa Rica. PubMed: Modulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 activity and carcinogen bioactivation by black and decaffeinated black tea. PubMed: Cinnamyl anthranilate causes coinduction of hepatic microsomal and peroxisomal enzymes in mouse but not rat. PubMed: Extracellular fatty acids facilitate flagella-independent translocation by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. PubMed: The biochemical composition and nutritional potential of the tribal pulse, Mucuna monosperma DC. ex Wight. PubMed: Distribution of medium-chain FA in different lipid classes after administration of specific structured TAG in rats. PubMed: Variability in fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition of the oil of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) hybrids and their parentals. PubMed: In vitro discriminative antipseudomonal properties resulting from acyl substitution of N-terminal sequence of dermaseptin s4 derivatives. PubMed: Preparation of dodecanol-tolerant strains of Yarrowia lipolytica. PubMed: Comparison between cachaça and rum using pattern recognition methods. PubMed: Extraction and characterization of volatile compounds in Maytenus ilicifolia, using high-pressure CO2. PubMed: Milk composition of three free-ranging African elephant (Loxodonta africana africana) cows during mid lactation. PubMed: Suppressive effect of saturated acyl L-ascorbate on the oxidation of linoleic acid encapsulated with maltodextrin or gum arabic by spray-drying. PubMed: Enzymatic modification of high-laurate canola to produce margarine fat. PubMed: Absorption properties of micellar lipid metabolites into Caco2 cells. PubMed: Synthesis of structured lipids containing medium-chain and omega-3 fatty acids. PubMed: The effect of conjugated linoleic acid and medium-chain fatty acids on transepithelial calcium transport in human intestinal-like Caco-2 cells. PubMed: A dual function alpha-dioxygenase-peroxidase and NAD(+) oxidoreductase active enzyme from germinating pea rationalizing alpha-oxidation of fatty acids in plants. PubMed: Fatty acid alpha-oxidation of tetradecylthioacetic acid and tetradecylthiopropionic acid in cucumber (Cucumis sativus). PubMed: The herbicide dicamba (2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid) is a peroxisome proliferator in rats. PubMed: Interactions of C12 surfactants with the skin: studies on enzyme release and percutaneous absorption in vitro. PubMed: Influence of stearic acid on hemostatic risk factors in humans. PubMed: Hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 and conjugase activities in rats treated with black tea theafulvins and theaflavins. PubMed: Effects of mixtures of lauric and myristic acid on rumen methanogens and methanogenesis in vitro.