4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol

4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol

CAS: 623-05-2 C7 H8 O2 MW: 124.13916000 fruity fruity

Identification

Name4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol
IUPAC4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol
CAS Number623-05-2
EINECS210-768-0
FDA UNII1A3AH1FP1B
Molecular FormulaC7 H8 O2
Molecular Weight124.13916000
MDL NumberMFCD00004658
Nikkaji NumberJ6.843H
Beilstein1858967
XlogP30.20 (est)

Regulatory

JECFA Food Flavoring955 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol
DG SANTE Food Flavourings02.165 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol
FEMA Number3987
FDANo longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF)623-05-2 ; 4-HYDROXYBENZYL ALCOHOL

Physical Properties

Appearance white powder (est)
Assay 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed No
Melting Point 114.00 to 122.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point 252.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure 0.010000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point 294.00 °F. TCC ( 145.56 °C. )
logP (o/w) 0.250
Soluble in alcohol
Insoluble in water

Cosmetic Information

CosIngcosmetic data
Cosmetic Usesskin conditioning

Organoleptic Properties

Odor Description at 100.00 %.
Taste Description bitter almond

Safety Information

Preferred SDSView
European informationMost important hazard(s):
Oral/Parenteral ToxicityNot determined
Dermal ToxicityNot determined
Inhalation ToxicityNot determined

GHS Classification

['GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)', 'GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements']

Safety in Use

Categoryflavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety AssessmentSearch
Recommendation for 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol usage levels up to0.2000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU)5.20 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA)0.06 (μg/capita/day)
baked goods-
beverages(nonalcoholic)5.00000
beverages(alcoholic)-
breakfast cereal-
cheese-
chewing gum-
condiments / relishes-
confectionery froastings-
egg products-
fats / oils-
fish products-
frozen dairy20.00000
fruit ices20.00000
gelatins / puddings-
granulated sugar-
gravies-
hard candy-
imitation dairy-
instant coffee / tea-
jams / jellies-
meat products-
milk products15.00000
nut products-
other grains-
poultry-
processed fruits-
processed vegetables-
reconstituted vegetables-
seasonings / flavors-
snack foods-
soft candy-
soups-
sugar substitutes-
sweet sauces-

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Potential Uses

FR amber FL fruit tropical fruit FR moss FR pina colada FR tonka bean FL tropical FR tuberose

Natural Occurrence

muskmelon

Synonyms

benzenemethanol, 4-hydroxy- benzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxy- benzyl alcohol, p-hydroxy- 4- hydroxy benzyl alcohol p- hydroxy benzyl alcohol 4- hydroxy-benzyl-alcohol alpha- hydroxy-p-cresol alpha- hydroxy-para-cresol 4- hydroxybenzenemethanol p- hydroxybenzyl alcohol para- hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4- hydroxybenzylalcohol hydroxymethyl) phenol 4-( hydroxymethyl) phenol 4-( hydroxymethyl)phenol p-( hydroxymethyl)phenol (4- hydroxyphenyl)methanol 4- methylol phenol p- methylol phenol para- methylol phenol 4- methylolphenol p- methylolphenol para- methylolphenol PubMed: Analysis and pharmacokinetics studies of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in dogs using ultra fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. PubMed: Identification and analysis of gastrodin and its five metabolites using ultra fast liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to investigate influence of multiple-dose and food. PubMed: Lipase catalyzed inclusion of gastrodigenin for the evolution of blue light emitting peptide nanofibers. PubMed: [Study on the chemical constituents of Gastrodia elata]. PubMed: Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation of modular fluorogenic substrates with high affinity and selectivity for PTP1B. PubMed: Genetic characterization of 4-cresol catabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum. PubMed: [Study on effect of combined application on distribution of gastrodigenin in rats]. PubMed: Expression profiles of key phenylpropanoid genes during Vanilla planifolia pod development reveal a positive correlation between PAL gene expression and vanillin biosynthesis. PubMed: Hydrogen peroxide-responsive copolyoxalate nanoparticles for detection and therapy of ischemia-reperfusion injury. PubMed: Hydrolysis of the quinone methide of butylated hydroxytoluene in aqueous solutions. PubMed: 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol: a novel inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis and growth. PubMed: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol confers neuroprotection through up-regulation of antioxidant protein expression. PubMed: Application parameters of laccase-mediator systems for treatment of sulfonamide antibiotics. PubMed: New anthraquinone derivatives from Geosmithia lavendula. PubMed: An improved fluorogenic substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase activity. PubMed: Gastrodin production from p-2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol through biotransformation by cultured cells of Aspergillus foetidus and Penicillium cyclopium. PubMed: Experimental analysis on the main contents of Rhizoma gastrodiae extract and inter-transformation throughout the fermentation process of Grifola frondosa. PubMed: Exploration of Vanilla pompona from the Peruvian Amazon as a potential source of vanilla essence: quantification of phenolics by HPLC-DAD. PubMed: [Chemical constituents from Hypericum perforatum]. PubMed: [Intestinal absorption characteristics of gastrodigenin in rats]. PubMed: The implication of mediators for enhancement of laccase oxidation of sulfonamide antibiotics. PubMed: Gastrodia elata Blume and its pure compounds protect BV-2 microglial-derived cell lines against β-amyloid: the involvement of GRP78 and CHOP. PubMed: Modulation of LPS-stimulated neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia by Gastrodia elata: 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is the bioactive candidate. PubMed: [One new lignan glycoside from whole plants of Senecio chrysanthemoides]. PubMed: In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the anti-angiogenic actions of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. PubMed: p-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol prevents brain injury and behavioral impairment by activating Nrf2, PDI, and neurotrophic factor genes in a rat model of brain ischemia. PubMed: [Constituents of Gymnadenia conopsea]. PubMed: Reduction of oxidative stress by p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol-containing biodegradable polyoxalate nanoparticulate antioxidant. PubMed: Predicting the substrate specificity of a glycosyltransferase implicated in the production of phenolic volatiles in tomato fruit. PubMed: 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol ameliorates cerebral injury in rats by antioxidant action. PubMed: Linking NE1545 gene expression with cell volume changes in Nitrosomonas europaea cells exposed to aromatic hydrocarbons. PubMed: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of hydroxybenzyl alcohol releasing biodegradable polyoxalate nanoparticles. PubMed: Supercritical fluid chromatography of myrosinase reaction products in ground yellow mustard seed oil. PubMed: Secondary metabolites of the phytopathogen Peronophythora litchii. PubMed: [Simultaneous determination of four components in Gastrodia elata by RP-HPLC]. PubMed: Metabolites from endophytic fungus S20 of Cephalotaxus hainanensis. PubMed: A cascade biodegradable polymer based on alternating cyclization and elimination reactions. PubMed: Neuroprotective effect of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol against transient focal cerebral ischemia via anti-apoptosis in rats. PubMed: Biosynthesis of vanillin via ferulic acid in Vanilla planifolia. PubMed: Experimental stroke protection induced by 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is cancelled by bacitracin. PubMed: Microfluidic synthesis and catalytic application of PVP-stabilized, approximately 1 nm gold clusters. PubMed: Pharmacokinetics of gastrodin and its metabolite p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in rat blood, brain and bile by microdialysis coupled to LC-MS/MS. PubMed: Purification and characterization of active-site components of the putative p-cresol methylhydroxylase membrane complex from Geobacter metallireducens. PubMed: Phenolic glucosides from the leaves of Pieris japonica. PubMed: [Brain targeting of gastrodin nasal in situ gel]. PubMed: Determination and pharmacokinetics of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzylalcohol after oral administration of Gastrodia elata Bl. extract in rats by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometric method. PubMed: Biotransformation and pharmacokinetics of 4-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxymethyl)phenyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, an antioxidant isolated from Origanum vulgare. PubMed: The photo-Favorskii reaction of p-hydroxyphenacyl compounds is initiated by water-assisted, adiabatic extrusion of a triplet biradical. PubMed: Effect of borneol on the distribution of gastrodin to the brain in mice via oral administration. PubMed: Distribution and metabolism of gastrodin in rat brain. PubMed: Vanillin, 4-hydroxybenzyl aldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol prevent hippocampal CA1 cell death following global ischemia. PubMed: Anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activity of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. PubMed: Studies on the antioxidant activities of natural vanilla extract and its constituent compounds through in vitro models. PubMed: [Evaluation of the quality of Gastrodia elata Bl. by HPLC-DAD/MS]. PubMed: Inhibitory effect of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol on tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. PubMed: Genes, enzymes, and regulation of para-cresol metabolism in Geobacter metallireducens. PubMed: Phenolic constituents from the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata. PubMed: Development and validation of an RP-HPLC method for quantitative determination of vanillin and related phenolic compounds in Vanilla planifolia. PubMed: [The production of gastrodin through biotransformation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde by cell suspension culture of Datura stramonium]. PubMed: A new citryl glycoside from Gastrodia elata and its inhibitory activity on GABA transaminase. PubMed: Anti-inflammatory action of phenolic compounds from Gastrodia elata root. PubMed: [Production of gastrodin through biotransformation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde by cell suspension cultures of Datura tatula L]. PubMed: Chemical fingerprint analysis of rhizomes of Gymnadenia conopsea by HPLC-DAD-MSn. PubMed: Anxiolytic-like effects of Gastrodia elata and its phenolic constituents in mice. PubMed: Colorimetric evaluation of phenolic content and GC-MS characterization of phenolic composition of alimentary and cosmetic argan oil and press cake. PubMed: Gastrodia elata blume and an active component, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol reduce focal ischemic brain injury through antioxidant related gene expressions. PubMed: [Chemical constituents from the rhizoma of Arundina graminifolia]. PubMed: New phenolic glycosides from the seeds of Cucurbita moschata. PubMed: Metabolism of gallic acid and catechin by Lactobacillus hilgardii from wine. PubMed: Chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Coeloglossum viride var. bracteatum. PubMed: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol accumulates in flowers and developing fruits of carrot and inhibits seed formation. PubMed: Substituent effects on carbocation stability: the pK(R) for p-quinone methide. PubMed: Vanillin. PubMed: Metabolism of benzyl alcohol via catechol ortho-pathway in methylnaphthalene-degrading Pseudomonas putida CSV86. PubMed: Polymer-supported reagents for methylphosphorylation and phosphorylation of carbohydrates. PubMed: Flash photolytic generation and study of p-quinone methide in aqueous solution. An estimate of rate and equilibrium constants for heterolysis of the carbon-bromine bond in p-hydroxybenzyl bromide. PubMed: 4-Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA hydratase/lyase, an enzyme of phenylpropanoid cleavage from Pseudomonas, causes formation of C(6)-C(1) acid and alcohol glucose conjugates when expressed in hairy roots of Datura stramonium L. PubMed: Evidence of a new biotransformation pathway of p-coumaric acid into p-hydroxybenzaldehyde in Pycnoporus cinnabarinus. PubMed: In vitro effects of hydroxybenzaldehydes from Gastrodia elata and their analogues on GABAergic neurotransmission, and a structure-activity correlation. PubMed: A germacranolide and three hydroxybenzyl alcohol derivatives from Hieracium murorum and Crepis bocconi. PubMed: Determination of the active ingredients in Gastrodia rhizoma by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. PubMed: Studies on the reaction of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and hydroxyl radicals. PubMed: Identification of novel polyphenol oxidase inhibitors by enzymatic one-pot synthesis and deconvolution of combinatorial libraries. PubMed: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol accumulates in suspension-cell cultures and inhibits somatic embryogenesis in carrot. PubMed: Properties of diphenolase from Vanilla planifolia (Andr.) shoot primordia cultured in vitro. PubMed: Rerouting the plant phenylpropanoid pathway by expression of a novel bacterial enoyl-CoA hydratase/lyase enzyme function. PubMed: Simultaneous determination of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzyl alcohol, and sugars in Gastrodia elata blume measured as their acetylated derivatives by GC-MS. PubMed: Effects of noncovalent and covalent FAD binding on the redox and catalytic properties of p-cresol methylhydroxylase. PubMed: Free and bound volatile composition and characterization of some glucoconjugates as aroma precursors in melón de olor fruit pulp (Sicana odorifera). PubMed: 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde from Gastrodia elata B1. is active in the antioxidation and GABAergic neuromodulation of the rat brain. PubMed: Supercritical fluid chromatography as a method of analysis for the determination of 4-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate degradation products. PubMed: Action mechanism of tyrosinase on meta- and para-hydroxylated monophenols. PubMed: Purification from conditioned medium and chemical identification of a factor that inhibits somatic embryogenesis in carrot. PubMed: Natural mediators in the oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by laccase mediator systems. PubMed: Structures of the flavocytochrome p-cresol methylhydroxylase and its enzyme-substrate complex: gated substrate entry and proton relays support the proposed catalytic mechanism. PubMed: Properties of p-cresol methylhydroxylase flavoprotein overproduced by Escherichia coli. PubMed: Synthesis and folding of native collagen III model peptides. PubMed: Cresol metabolism by the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfotomaculum sp. strain Groll. PubMed: areABC genes determine the catabolism of aryl esters in Acinetobacter sp. Strain ADP1. PubMed: Isolation of 3-O-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-beta-sitosterol and 4-[4'-(4"-hydroxybenzyloxy)benzyloxy]benzyl methyl ether from fresh tubers of Gastrodia elata. PubMed: Biotransformation of the major fungal metabolite 3,5-dichloro- p-anisyl alcohol under anaerobic conditions and its role in formation of Bis(3,5-dichloro-4-Hydroxyphenyl)methane. PubMed: Ameliorating effect of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol on cycloheximide-induced impairment of passive avoidance response in rats: interactions with compounds acting at 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors. PubMed: Gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol facilitate memory consolidation and retrieval, but not acquisition, on the passive avoidance task in rats. PubMed: Melanogenesis-targeted anti-melanoma pro-drug development: effect of side-chain variations on the cytotoxicity of tyrosinase-generated ortho-quinones in a model screening system. PubMed: Effects of Gastrodia elata and its active constituents on scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats. PubMed: Potent inhibition of spontaneous rhythmic contraction by a novel beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, HSR-81, in pregnant rat uterus. PubMed: p-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol attenuates learning deficits in the inhibitory avoidance task: involvement of serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. PubMed: [Biodistribution and metabolism of 3H-gastrodigenin and 3H-gastrodin in mice]. PubMed: Regulation of chloro- and methylphenol degradation in Comamonas testosteroni JH5. PubMed: [125I-alpha-sec-butyl-p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol receptor competitive binding assays in animal body]. PubMed: Cresol isomers: comparison of toxic potency in rat liver slices. PubMed: [Identification of the metabolites of T-018 in the urine in female rats]. PubMed: New Phenolic Derivatives from Galeola faberi. PubMed: Antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and vanillin: effects on free radicals, brain peroxidation and degradation of benzoate, deoxyribose, amino acids and DNA. PubMed: Metabolism of p-Cresol by the Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. PubMed: [Studies on the phenolic derivatives from Galeola faberi Rolfe]. PubMed: Purification and characterization of vanillyl-alcohol oxidase from Penicillium simplicissimum. A novel aromatic alcohol oxidase containing covalently bound FAD. PubMed: The acute toxicity of pulse-dosed, para-substituted phenols to larval American flagfish (Jordanella floridae): a comparison with toxicity to photoluminescent bacteria and predicted toxicity using log Kow. PubMed: [Study of the mechanism of gastrodin and derivatives of gastrodigenin]. PubMed: p-cresol methylhydroxylase from a denitrifying bacterium involved in anaerobic degradation of p-cresol. PubMed: [A trial of utilizing TDP (specific electromagnetic wave) in cultivating Gastrodia elata Bl]. PubMed: Biotransformations of aromatic aldehydes by acetogenic bacteria. PubMed: Anaerobic oxidation of p-cresol mediated by a partially purified methylhydroxylase from a denitrifying bacterium. PubMed: [The distribution of 3H-alpha-sec-butyl-p hydroxybenzyl alcohol in mice]. PubMed: Formation of oedema and accumulation of eosinophils in the guinea pig lung. Inhibition by inhaled beta-stimulants. PubMed: [Determination of gastrodin in biological specimens and in pharmacokinetics]. PubMed: Simultaneous determination of gastrodin and its metabolite by HPLC. PubMed: Anaerobic oxidation of p-cresol by a denitrifying bacterium. PubMed: Isolation and characterization of multiple forms of mandelonitrile lyase from mature black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) seeds. PubMed: Sensitizing capacity of 2-methylol phenol, 4-methylol phenol and 2,4,6-trimethylol phenol in the guinea pig. PubMed: p-Cresol methylhydroxylase. Assay and general properties. PubMed: Mutagenicity studies of p-substituted benzyl derivatives in the Ames Salmonella plate-incorporation assay. PubMed: Metabolism of a new cardiotonic agent, (-)-alpha-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethylaminomethyl)-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (TA-064), in man. O-demethylation and ring hydroxylation. PubMed: Evaluation of models for the mechanism of action of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase. PubMed: The choleretic mechanism of coumarin compounds and phenolic compounds. PubMed: New bromoperoxidases of marine origin: partial purification and characterization. PubMed: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol. A metabolite produced during the biosynthesis of thiamine in Escherichia coli. PubMed: The aromatic alcohol dehydrogenases in Pseudomonas putida N.C.I.B. 9869 grown on 3,5-xylenol and p-cresol. PubMed: P-cresol and 3,5-xylenol methylhydroxylases in Pseudomonas putida N.C.I.B. 9896. PubMed: Incorporation of [18O]water in the formation of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol by the p-cresol methylhydroxylase from Pseudomonas putida. PubMed: The purification and properties of p-cresol-(acceptor) oxidoreductase (hydroxylating), a flavocytochrome from Pseudomonas putida. PubMed: Diazotization of catecholamines and their analogs and metabolites for urinary screening tests: chemical aspects. PubMed: Ageing of Neurospora crassa. III. Induction of cellular death and clonal senescence of an inositol-less mutant by inositol starvation and the protective effect of dietary antioxidants. PubMed: The Sulphation of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid and related compounds by the rat liver cytosol. PubMed: Simple brominated phenols in the bluegreen alga Calothrix brevissima West. PubMed: [Formation of an ascorbigen-like product from p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and L-ascorbic acid]. PubMed: Bromophenols from red algae.